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><K_ 


Book  __^  3  8 


SMITHSONIAN  DEPOSIT 


THE 


ENTOMOLOGIST'S 
MONTHLY    MAGAZINE: 

CONDUCTED    BY  ^   ^ 

G.   C.   CHAMPION,   F.Z.S.  J.   E.   COLLIN,   F.E.S.   ^?  / 

W.   W.   FOWLER,   D.Sc,  M.A.,   F.L.S.  /w^"^ 

E.   W.   LLOYD.   F.E.S.  G.  T.   PORRITT,   F.L.S. 

J.   J.   WALKER,   M.A.,   R.N.,   F.L.S. 
LORD  WALSINGHAM,  M.A.,   LL.D.,   F.R.S.,  &c. 


SECOND    SERIES  — VOL.    XXIII. 

[VOL.    XLVI  I  I.] 


"He    is  a   thoroughly   good  naturalist   who   knows   one    parish 
thoroughly." — Charles  Kingsley,  "  At  Last." 


LONDON: 

GURNEY  &  JACKSON    (Mr.  Van  Voorst's  Successors), 

10,   PATERNOSTER   ROW. 

1912. 


^1« 


LONDON  : 
A.    NAPIER,    PKINTEE,    SEYMOUR    STREET,    EUSTON    SQUARE,    N.W. 

1912. 


Contributors. 


General  Index    .. 

Special  Index — 

Coleoptera    

Diptera  

Hemiptera  .... 
Hymenoptera . 
Lepidoptera.... 


INDEX. 


Special  Index  (continued) —  paob 

Mallophaga xiv 

Neuroptera  and  Trichoptera xiv 

Orthoptera  xiv 

Siphonaptera  xiv 

Thysanoptera xiv 

Genera  and  Species  new  to  Britain    ...  xv 

,,          „          ,,         ,,       ,,   Science    ...  xvi 

Errata xvii 

Explanation  of  Plates    xvii 


INDEX     TO     CONTRIBUTORS 


PAGE 

Adams,  F.  C,  P.Z.S 67,  287 

Bagnall,  R.  S.,F.L.S 190 

Beare,  Prof.  T.  H.,  B.Sc,  P.R.S.E., 

F.E.S 101,  212,  255,  263 

Ber^roth,  Dr.  E.,  C.M.Z.S 133 

Bevins,  W 112 

Black,  J.  E.,  F.E.S 185 

Blair,  K.G.,  F.E.S 11 

Blenkarn,  S.A.,  F.E.S 263 

Bloomfield,  Rev.  E.  N.,  M.A.,  F.E.S. .64,  264 

Bracken,  C.  W.,  M.A.,  F.E.S 14 

Burr,  M.,  D.Sc,  F.L.S 105 

Busck,  A 225 

Butler,  E.  A.,  B.A.,  B.Sc,  F.E.S    .13,  3n, 
60,  65,  108,  187,  239,  240 

Cameron,  M.,  M.B  ,  R.N.,  F.E.S.  ...1,  28, 
49,  79,  89,  102 

Carter,  A.  E.J 59,  84,  139 

Champion,  G.  C,  F.Z.S.  ...10,  44,  89,  137, 
138,  215,  237,  263 

Champion,  H.  G 45,  138 

Chapman,  T.  A.,  M.D.,  F.Z.S 29, 

103,  127,  159,  275 

Collin,  J.  E.,  F.E.S 106 

ColUus.J 66,  90 

Corbett,  H.  H.,  M.D 114 

Croft,  E.  O.,  M.D.,  r.E.S 13 

Day,  F.  H.,  F.E.S 11,  44 

delaGarde,  P.,R.N.,  F.E.S 151 

Dollman,  H.,  F.E.S 12,  13 

Donisthorpe,  H.  St.  J.,  F.Z.S 197 

Druce,  H.,  F.L.S 133,  275 

Druce,  H.  H.,  F.L.S 133,  275 

Eaton,  Rev.  A.  E.,  M.A.,  F.E.S 7,  216 

Edwards,  F.  W.,  F.E.S 136 

Edwards,  J.,  F.E.S 65,  186,  210 


PAGE 

Evans,  W 14 

Fowler,  Rev.  W.  W.,  D.Sc,  M.A., 

F.L.S.  286 

Hamm,  A.  H 116,  241 

Hudson,  G.  v.,  F.E.S 269 

Janson,  0.  E.,  F.E.S 7& 

Jenkinson,  P.,  F.Z.S 67 

Jennings,  F.  B.,  F.E.S 64 

Johnson,  Rev.  W.  F.,  M.A..  F.E.S. ..91,  287 

Joy,  N.  H.,  M.R.C.S.,  F.E.S 12,  44, 

115,  148,  211,  257 
King,  J.  J.  F.  X.,  F.E.S 44,  66 

Longstaff,  G.  B.,  M.A.,  M.D., 

F.R.C.P.  ...198,  237 

Mansbridge,  W.,  F.E.S 15,  47,  69, 

119,  140,  163 

Meyrick,  E.,  B.A.,  F.R.S 32,  111,  253 

Morice,  Rev.  F.  D.,  M. A.,  F.E.S. ...153,  232 

Morley,  Claude,  F.Z.S 259 

Mortimer,  C.  H.,  F.E.S 91 

Morton,  K.  J.,  F.E.S 241,  264 

Moulton,  J.  C,  F.L.S 79 

Neave,  S.  A.,  M.A.,  B.Sc,  F.E.S 228 

Newbery,  E.  A 64,  125,  286 

Porritt,  G.  T.,  F.L.S 90,  163, 

198,  214,  215,  259 

Raynor,  Rev.  G.  H.,  M.A 238,  287 

Rothschild,  Hon.  N.  C,  M.A.,  F.L.S...    67, 
85,  87,  239 

Saunders,  H.  A.,  B.A.,  F.E.S 13 

Sharp,  D.,M.A.,  F.R.S 124,  150,  162, 

181,  207,  229,  236 

Sharp,  W.E.,  F.E.S 2,  72, 

119,  200,  245,  278,  284 

Sills,  E.  W 138 

Sladen,  P.  W.  L.,  F.E.S 66 

Smith,  K.  M 11 


PAGE 

Swinton,  A.  H 214,  264 

Thurnall,  A 138,  139 

Tomlin,  J.  R.  le  B.,  M.A.,  F.E.S 2,  72, 

119,  200,  245,  257,  262,  263,  278,  284 

Turner,  H.  J.,  F.E.S 16,  48,  69,  91, 

118,  141,  164,  198,  220,  244,  266 

Verrall,  G.  H.,  F.E.S.  (the  late) 25, 

56,  144,  190 


PAGE 

Walker,  J.  J.,  M.A.,  R.N,.  F.L.S 90, 

100,  197,  213,  237,  262 

Walsiugham,  Rt.  Hou.  Lord,  M.A., 

LL.D.,  F.R.S....    87 

Waterston,Rev.J.,B.D.,B.Sc.,27,61,64,116 

Wheeler,  Rev.  G.,  M.A.,  F.Z.S 18,  70, 

92,  144,  165,  221,  267 

White,  B.  G 90 


Wabwright,  C.  J    F  E  S  241       Whittaker,  0 15,  47,  69,  119,  140,  163 

I   Wood,  J.  H.,  M.B 94,166 


GENERAL     INDEX. 

PAGE 

Abraxas  grossiilariata.  Melanism  in,  214 ;  ab.  ni^a,  a  note  on,  238 ;  var. 

nigra,  215 ;  Note  on        ...          ...          ...         ...          ...          ...                  ...  287 

Agriades  gravesi,  n.  sp. :  a  now  LycEBnid           ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  159 

Agrion  arinatuni,  Charp.,  in  the  Norfolk  Bi'oads,  163 ;  hastulatnm,  Charp., 

at  A viemore      ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  66 

Anaspis  ruficollis,  Brit.  Colls.,  A  note  on           ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  115 

Anoplns  plantaris,  Nsez.,  and  A.  roboris,  Suffr.,  A  distinction  between      . . .  263 

Apatxira  iris  and  Vanessa  antiopa,  &c.,  near  Hastings  in  1911         ...          ...  64 

Apion  annulipes,  Wenck.,  near  Oxford  ...         ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  237 

Arixenia,  A  new  species  of  (Dermaptera)          ..          ...         ...         ...         ...  105 

Athysanus  sejxingendus,  Kb.,  and  its  food-plant         ...         ...         ...         ...  13 

Bed-bvTg,  A  new  form  of :  Cacodmus  ignotus,  sp.  nov.,  85  ;  a  new  Indian, 

Clinocoris  peristerae    ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  87 

Berabidium  virens,  Gyll.,  Eecaptnre  of,  at  Loch  Maree,  Ross-shire  ...  212 
Bledius  arenarivis,  Payk.,  var.  fergussoni,  Joy,  64 ;  description  of  a  new 

species  of  (sub-gen.  Belidus),  from  the  Red  Sea,  28 ;  fracticornis,  Pk., 

near  London,  13  ;  terebrans,  Schiodte,  note  on    ...         ...         ...         ...  89 

Bombixs  terrestris,  L.,  and  B.  ruderatus.  Fab.  (=  siibterranevis.  Smith),  in 

New  Zealand...             ...          ...         ...         ...          ...         ...          ...         ...  66 

Bothria  svibalpina,  Villen.,  and  Eudoromyia  magnicornis,  Zett.,  not  British  241 

Bradycellus  sharpi,  sp.  nov.          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  257 

"  Butterfly's  journey,  A  rare "      ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  214 

Carmarthenshire,  Hemiptera  in  . . .          ...          ...          ...          ...         ...         188,  187 

Carabus  hookeri,  Nodier,  a  Scottish  insect.  Note  on  . . .         ...          ...         ...  89 

Carpophilus  sexpustulatus,  Fab.,  as  a  British  species            114 

Cephalothrips  monilicornis,  Reut.,  an   addition  to   the   Thysanoptera   of 

Great  Britain 190 

Cerambycidse,  The  names  \ised  for  our  British,  in  the  "  Coleopterorum 

Catalogus"        101 

Ceratophyllus  vagabundus,  Boheman,  A  note  on        ...         ...         ...         ...  67 

Cetoniidaj,  New,  from  Borneo       ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  76 

Cha'tocnema  conducta,  Motsch.,  as  a  British  insect    ...         ...         ...         ...  89 

Chrysidida?,  A  proposed  monograph  of  the  British     ...          ...          ...         ...  241 

Claviger  longicornis,  MiilL,  a  British  insect     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  100 


lU. 

PAGE 

Coleophora  trigeminella,  Fuchs,  Occurrence  in  England  of,  a  species  new 
to  the  British  list,  with  notes  on  C.  kroneella,  Fuchs,  and  C'  badiipen- 

nella,  Dup 51 

Coleoptera  in  a  bag  of  Cherwell  flood-refuse,  90 ;  in  Devonshire,  151 ;  at 
Ealing  in  1911, 11 ;  Scilly,  further  additions  to  the  list  of,  257 ;  varieties 

of  two  British 64 

Coreidse,  On  the  eggs  of  two  British  species  of  36 

Criocephalus  ferus,  Mvils.,  Note  on  the  variation  in  size  of  . . .         ...         ...     237 

Cryptohypnus  sabulicola.  Boh.,  in  Cumberland  ...         ...         ...         ...       44 

Deilephila  li vomica,  Esp.,  at  Coventry  ...         ...         ...         ...         •■•         •.•     138 

Diptera  (Cecidomyiidje),  two  new  to  Britain,  136  ;  another  hundred  new 
British  species  of,  20,  56,  144, 190  ;  Notes  on  British,  287  ;  Notes  on  a 
few  rare  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         •••         •••         •••  264 

Dorcatoma  flavicornis,  F.,  and  D.  chrysomelina,  Sturm,  Note  on  the  pro- 
sternal  structure,  &c.,  of        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         •••     263 

Ectoparasites   (Mallophaga),   Two,   from  the  snipe   (Gallinago  coelestis, 

Frenzel)  from  North  Mavine,  Shetland 61 

Erebia  blandina,  F.  (ajthiops,  Stand.),  The  food-plant  of  the  larva  of,  239; 

epiphron,  the  food-plant  of  the  larva  of     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...     239 

Erotesis  baltica,  McLachl.,  from  Hampshire 241 

Flea,  A  new  African,  27  ;  anew  British 67 

Food-plant  of  the  larva  of  Erebia  blandina,  F.  (tethiops.  Stand.),  239  ;  of 

the  larva  of  E.  epiphron        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         •■•         •••     239 

Gyrophajna,  Mann.,  A  table  of  the  British  species  of  the  Coleopterous 

genus     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         .••         •••         •••         ■••     1"^ 

Haematopiniis  (Haemodipsus,  Enderlein)  ventricosus,  Denny,  in  N.  Mavine, 
Shetland ;  with  note  on  an  easy  method  of  its  detection,  116 ;  vituli,  L. 

(=:  tenuirostris,  Burm.),  in  N.  Mavine,  Shetland  64 

Heliozela  stanneella,  F.E.,  Abundance  of  138 

Help-notes  towards  the  determination  of  the  British  Tenthredinida3  (29), 

153;  (30)  232 

Hemiptera  in  Carmarthenshire,  108,  187  ;  in  Dorset  and  Sm-rey 13 

Henoticus  germanicus,  Eeitt.,  in  a  London  warehouse,  286  ;  serratus,  Gyll., 

and  Pentarthrum  huttoni,  WoU.,  in  London  263 

Heteroneura  (Diptera),  Three  new  species  of  the  "  Albimana  "  group  of 

the  genus  ...         ...         ...         ...         •••         •••         •••         •••         •••     1^6 

"  Humming  in  the  Air,"  The  cause  of    . . .         ...         ...         ...         ...         •  •  •     259 

Hybemia  aurantiaria,  var.  f usca  90 

Hybos  grossipes,  L.,  of  the  British  list.  On  the  59 

Hylotrupes  bajulus,  L.,  and  other  beetles  at  Wellington  College 90 

Ichneimion  lugens,  Grav.,  hybernating 91 

International  Congress  of  Entomology,  The  Second 204 

Laccobius,  A  table  of  the  British  species  of     210 

Lathridiidse,  Notes  on  two  introduced  species  of         10 

Lathrobium  dilutimi,  Er.,  at  Nethy  Bridge,  263 ;  ripicola,  Czwal. :  an 
addition  to  the  British  list  of  Coleoptera,  with  remarks  on  allied 
species 


125 


PAGE 

Lepidoptera,  Descriptions  of  new  (with  two  plates),  275  ;  Immigrant,  in 
1912,  197 ;  notes  on  semi-apterous  females  in  certain  species  of,  witli 

an  attempted  explanation,  269  ;  notes  on,  observed  in  Surrey ...         ...  45 

Limenitis  sibylla  (camilla)  in  the  London  district      ...         ...         ...         ...  237 

Limnophilvis  subcentralis,  Brauer,  near  Nethy  Bridge          ...          ...          ...  46 

Liodes  (Anisotoma)  curta,  Fairm.,  in  Ireland    ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  287 

Lomechusa  strumosa,  F.,  A  new  locality  for     ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  138 

Longitarsus,  Latr.  (a  genus  of  Coleoptera),  Notes  on  the  British  species  of, 
2,  72,  119,  200,  245,  278  ;  nigerrimus,  Gyll.,  Supplementary  note  on, 

284 ;  species  of,  on  Senecio  vulgaris           ...          ...          ...         ...         ...  262 

Liiperina  gueneei,  Dbl.,  Description  of  the  larva  of    . . .          ...         ...         ...  259 

Lycasna  (Agriades)  alexins,  Frr.  ;  a  good  species        ...         ...         ...         ...  127 

Lycsenidae  and  Hesperiidse,  Descriptions  of  new  exotic          ...         ...         ...  128 

Macquartia  chalconota,  Mg.,  a  Dipterous  parasite  of  Chrysomela  varians  66 

Macroglossa  stellatariun  at  Piitney         ...          ...          ...         ...          ...          ...  198 

Metcecus  paradoxvis,  L.,  Note  on  the  first  stage  of,  and  of  Sitaris  muralis, 

Forst.  (with  three  plates)      ...          ...         ...          ...         ...          ...          ...  29 

Micro-Lepidoptera,   Descriptions  of  two   new   species   of,    133 ;  on   some 

impossible  specific  names  in . . .          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...  32 

Mimicry  theories.   On   some  unintentional  evidence   in  support   of   the, 

supplied  by  a  small  collection  of  Bornean  butterflies     ...          ...         ...  79 

Molytes  germanus,  L.,  and  its  food-plant         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  11 

Monopis  crocicapitella,  Clms.,  and  M.  ferruginella,  Hb.,   Stray  notes  on 

fwith  Plate) 39 

Names,   Correction  of  impossible,  32,  111 ;  impossible  specific,  on,  253  ; 
impossible  specific  in  Micro-Lepidoptera,  on  some,  32 ;  scientific,  on 

some  arbitrarily  formed         ...          ...          ...          ...          ...          ...         ...  225 

Nanophyes  gracilis,  Redt.,  on  Peplis  portula in  the  New  Forest     ...         ...  213 

Notarthrinus  boulti,  a  new  Lycajnopsid  buttei'fly  from  Borneo  (with  Plate)  103 

Notiophilus,  Note  on  a  peculiar  form  of            ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  185 

Notodontid,  A,  attacked  by  a  wasp         Ill 

Obituaries  : — Adams,  Herbert  Jordan,  243  ;  Blackburn,  Rev.  Thomas,  B.A., 
219;    Capper,    Samuel   James,    P.E.S.,  68;    Pitch,  Edward   A.,  244; 
Ganglbauer,  Ludwig,  Hon.  F.  E.  S.  (with  Portrait),  217  ;  Grosvenor, 
George  Herbert,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  243;  Jeffrey,  William  Rickman,  288; 
Kirby,  "William  Forsell,  F.L.S.,  288;  Masters,  George,  219;  Shelf ord, 

Robert  Walter  Campbell,  M.A.,  F.E.S,,  218  ;  Terry,  Frank  Wray,  F.E.S.  15 

Odonata  in  Perthshire       ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  264 

Oligota,  A  new  species  of  .. .         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  124 

Olophrum  nicholsoni,  Donisth.,  in  Scotland      12 

Omalium  (Phyllodrepa)  grandiloqiia,  Luze,  a  Scottish  insect.  Note  on      ...  44 
Ophonus,  Notes  on  the  British  species  of          ...          ...         ...             181,207.229 

Orthocha'tes  insignis,  Aube  :  a  beetle  new  to  Britain            ...         ...         ...  211 

Orthoptera  in  Devon  and  Cornwall  in  1911      ...         ...         ...         ...         ...  14 

Oxypoda  soror,  Th.,  and  other  beetles  in  Ciuuborland           ...         ...         ...  11 

Oxytelus  savilcyi,  Pand.,  at  Harrow        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...          ...  13 

Parnus  anglicanus,  Edw.,  at  Wicken       ...         ...         ...         ...         ...          ...  236 


V. 
PAGE 

Pentatoma  (Tropicoris)  riifipes,  L.,  and  caterpillars  ...  ...  ...  ...     239 

Philonthus,  Notes  on  the  British  species  of  the  Coleoptc^rous  yenus  ...     112 

Phora,   Notes  on  British  (corrections  and  additions),  Ol,  166  ;  supplemen- 
tary notes  on  (with  Plate)     ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         ...         ...     173 

Phyllotreta  sin uata,  Steph.,  &c.,  in  Eskdale,  Cumberland    ...  ...  ...     286 

Phytonoraus,  Request  for  larvae  of  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...     214 

Planeustomus  fiavicoUis,  Fauv.  (Coleoptera,  Staphylinida^),  Discovery  of, 

in  England        ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...     162 

Prosopis  genalis.  Thorns.,  Note  on,  116  ;  in  Surrey,  91 ;  at  Woking  ...     240 

Psalhis  vitellinus,  Scholtz,  an  addition  to  the  list  of  British  Ilemiptera,  60 : 

an  additional  locality  for       ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...     240 

Pseudacraea,  A  new  species  of,  from  Nyasaland  (with  figvu'e)  ...  ...     228 

Psylla  albipes,  Flor,  in  Surrey     65 

Psylliodes  Iviteola,  Miill.,  in  the  Oxford  district  ...  ...  ...         ...     262 

Pyrameis   cardui  and  Caradi-ina  quadripunctata,  Early  appeai'ance  of,  in 

Cornwall  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...     138 

Rediiviidae,  Stridulation  in  British         ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...       65 

Reviews  : — "  Butterfly  Hunting  in  Many  Lands — Notes  of  a  Field 
Naturalist,"  by  G.  B.  Longstaff,  M.A.,  M.D.,  Oxon.,  F.R.C.P.,  F.E.S., 
&c.,  116;  "  Butterflies  and  Moths  at  home  and  abroad,"  by  H.  Row- 
land-Brown, M.A.,  F.E.S.  ;  "  Genera  Insectormu,  Fasc.  122, 
Dermaptera,"  by  Malcolm  Bm-r,  D.Sc,  &c. ;  "  Polymorphism  in  a 
Group  of  Mimetic  Butterflies  of  the  Ethiopian  Nymphaline  Genus 

Pseudacrasa,"  by  Professor  E.  B.  Poulton,  D.Sc,  M.A.,  F.R.S 242 

Scientific  names.  On  some  arbitrarily  formed  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...     225 

Semi-apterous  females  in  certain  species  of  Lepidoptera,  with  an  attempted 

explanation       ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...     269 

Schroeder's  prism  eye-piece  camera  lucida.  How  to  use         ...         ...         ...     216 

Scopseus,  Description  of  a  new  species  of,  from  the  Red  Sea  ...         ...     102 

Silvanus  bidentatus.  Fab.,  in  New  Zealand  :  synonymical  note       90 

Sitaris   muralis,   Forst.,   Notes   on   the  first   stage   of,   and   of  MetcBcus 

paradoxus,  L.  (with  three  plates)    ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...       29 

Societies  : — Entomological  Society  of  London,  18, 70,  92, 144, 165,221,  267  ; 
Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society,  15,  47,  69,  119,  140, 
163  ;  South  London  Entomological  Society,  16,48,  69,  91, 118, 141, 164. 

198,  220,  244,  266 
Specific  names.  On  impossible      ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...     253 

Stenus  formicetormn,  Mann.,  Note  on    ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...       11 

Stridulation  in  British  Reduviidae  ...         ...         ...         ...         ...         ...       65 

Strophosomus  cui-vipes,  a  Coleopteron  new  to  Britain,  150  ;  Bedel,  captured 

near  Bournemouth  in  1905     ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  •  •  •     197 

Stylops  melitta',  Kirby,  at  Woking,  &c.  ...  ...  ...         ...  ...     137 

Sycamore  as  a  natural  food  of  Xanthia  aurago  ...         ...         ...         ...     198 

Sympetrum  fonscolombii,  Selys,  in  Scotland 14 

Syntemna  (?)  alpicola,  Strobl,  in  Morayshire,  67  ;  morosa,  Winn.,  captm-c 

in  the  Now  Forest  of  a  Mycetophilid  supposed  to  be      ...  ...         ...       67 

Syrphus  torvus,  O.-S.,  and  S.  luniger,  Meig.,  bred      ...         ...         ...         ...     215 


Telmatoscopus  rothschildi,  a  new  species  of  Psychodid  Diptera  found  in 

London  ... 
Tenthredinidse,  British,  Help-notes  towards  the  determination  of,  (29), 

153;  (30)  

Thanasimus  rufipes,  Brahm  :  a  beetle  new  to  Britain 

Tipulid,  a  new  British 

Tomoglossa  luteicomis,  Er.,  Description  of  a  variety  of 

Trichoptera,  A  swarm  of    ... 

Triogma  trisidcata,  Schum.,  a  fly  new  to  Britain,  84  ;  in  Perthshire 

Trogophlceus  (snb-gen.  Tsenosoma),  Description  of  a  new  species  of,  from 

Malta      

Velleius  dilatatus,  F.,  &c.,  in  the  New  Forest... 

"  Verrall  Snpper,"  The 

Vesperiis,  Description  of  a  new  species  of,  from  Portugal 

Xanthia  aurago.  Sycamore  as  a  natural  food  of 

Xantholinus  (sub-gen.  Vulda),  Description  of  a  new  species  of,  from  Tiu-key 

Xenolechia  scalella,  Sc,  A  note  on 


232 
255 
133 
79 
264 
139 

49 

213 

46 

49 

198 

1 

139 


SPECIAL     INDEX. 


COLEOPTERA. 

PAGE 

Acritus  miuutus,  nigricoruis    186 

Aciipalpus  dorsalis     258 

Adisteinia  watsoni 10 

Agabus    congeuer,    10  ;    iiebulosus,    11 ; 

uliginosus     90 

Agatbidium    uigriuuni,    v.   rubicunduni, 

152;  la'vigatum 151 

Aleochara  brevipenuis  258 

Amphigynus  piceus    258 

Anaspis  regimbarti,  ruficollis  115 

Ancyropborus  onialinus    152 

Anisotoma  cuita,  287  ;  lunicollis    213 

Anommatus  12-striatus    258 

Aiiophis  plantaris,  roboris    263 

Autbophagus  alpiuus     10 

Apbodius  puiictato-sulcatus,  v.  obscureUus, 

64;  sticticus   152 

Apiou    annuUpes,    237 ;  confluens,    258 ; 

filirostre,  152 ;  sedi    258 

Areua  octavii 152 

Atemeles  emarginatus  115 

Atfluiaria  liuearis  258 

Alitalia  puncticollis,  10;  rivularis  258 

Bagous  limosus  258 

Batopbila  rubi    10 

Batrisus  venustus  213 

Bembidium  monticola,  212;  punctulatum, 

152;  tibiale,  287;  virens 282 

Bledius  areuarius,  v.  fergussoui,  44,  64, 
benibaueri  (sp.  ii.),  28  ;  fracticoruis, 
13  ;  lougulu'j,  151 ;  minor,  64;  tere- 
brans      89 

Bradycellus  sharpi  (sp.  n.)  257 

Bryaxis  longicornis,  var 64 

Callicerus  rigidicoruis   161 

Calodera  riparia   90,  152 

Carabus  hookeri 89 

Carpopbilus  sexpustulatus   114 

Cartodere  elongata    10 

Cassida  bemispbicrica   152 

Ceutborrbyncbus   eupborbiu-,   151,    286; 

setosus,  152;  viduatus  286 

Cbietocuema    conducta,   89  ;    hortensis, 

sahlbergi 11 

Cbolera  colonoidcs,  213  ;  coracina 152 

Clonus  pulcliellus  287 

Claviger  longicornis,  100;  testaceus 101 

Clinocara  uudulata    152 

Clytus  arcuatus  10 

Coclambus  confluens  11 


CriocepliaUis  ferus 257 

Cryptaniorpba  lateritia    90 

Cry[>tobypuu.s  dermestoides,  286 ;  mari-    • 
timus,  10;  sabubcola    ^W 

Cryptopbagus    pallidus,     pilosus,    258  ; 

setulosus  152 

Cypbou  palUduhis  258 

Dorcatoma  cbrysouiebna,  263  ;  flavicoruis  263 

Bucepbalus  complicaus 151 

Enicmus  histrio  258 

Euochrus  bicolor   90,  258 

Epursea  immunda  10 

Euryporus  picipes  212 

Euthia  scbaumi  213 

Euspbalerum  primubi;   152 

Falagria  tboracica 10 

Gabrius  bisbopi  90 

Geodromicus  globulicollis,  10;  nigrita  ..  212 

Glyptotliea  excavata  (sp.  n.),  moultoui 
(sp.  n.) 78 

Gyropba'ua  convexicollis  (sp.   u.),  biba- 

mata  and  spp 149 

Gymuetron  beccabungs,  v.  veronica>,  la- 
biUs  152 

Haliplus  beydeni    151 

Helopborus  arvernicus 152 

Henoticus  germanicus,  286 ;  serratus    . . .  263 

Heterocerus  marginatus   90 

Hister  merdarius,  12;  ueglectus  90 

Homalota  cambrica,  152  ;  crassicoruis, 
10;  debilis,  90;  elegantula,  exilis, 
bepatica,  152 ;  insecta,  90  ;  inter- 
media, 90,  152  ;  languida,  90;  lute- 
ipes,  152  ;  occulta,  151 ;  oblongius- 
cula,    152;    pavens,   90;    silTicola, 

villosula   151 

Hydnena  atricapilla,  britteui,  testacea...  152 

Hydrocbus  nitidicollis   152 

Hydroporns  melanarius,  morio    10 

Hylastiuus  obscurus 258 

Hylotrupes  bajulus    90 

Ilyperaspis  reppeusis    287 

Hypocyptus  hi'viusculus    258 

Hypopblanis  bicolor  12 

Ilyobates  f orticornis 90 

Laccobius  purpurasceus,  152 ;  species  of, 

210;  yteneusis    152 

Latbridius  bergrothi 286 

Lathrobinm  dilutum,263;  la'vipenne,<S:c., 

126;  ripicola  125 


VIU. 

PAGE 

Leptinus  testaceus 213 

Leptura  fulva 90 

Lesteva  foutinalis  152 

Lomechusa  strumosa 138 

Liodes  curta    287 

Longitarsus  agilis,  200  ;  atricillus,  76  ; 
ballotae,  247  ;  brunneus,  4  ;  cas- 
taneus,  2 ;  cerinus,  250 ;  curtus,  249 ; 
distinguendus,  123 ;  exoletus,  201 ; 
ferrugineus,  6  ;  fusculus,  5 ;  gracilis, 
252  ;  jacobsBEe,  201  ;  luridus,  3  ; 
lycopi,  260  ;  melanocephalus,  120  ; 
membranaceus  (teucrii),  248  ;  nas- 
turtii,  119  ;  nigerrimus,  284;  ochro- 
leucus,  251  ;  patruelis,  122,  151  ; 
pellucidus,  287 ;  plantagomaritimus, 
285  ;  pratensis,  279  ;  rubigiuosus,  5  ; 
rutilus,  203  ;  senecionis,  73 ;  suc- 
cineus,  281 ;  suturalis,  76  ;  sutu- 
rellus,  72 ;  tabidus,  203 ;  waterhousei  248 

Magdalis  duplicata    256 

Megarthrus  denticollis 152 

Meligethes  erythropus,  268  ;  gagatinus, 

umbrosiis,  viduatus   152 

Metoecus  paradoxus  31 

Microglossa  marginalis,  v.  obscura  (v.  n.)  116 

Micropeplus  margaritae 268 

Mitrasthethus  bituberculatus  90 

Molytes  germanus 11 

Monotonia  longicoUis    258 

Myrmecopora  brevipes 268 

Nanophyes  gracilis,  213;  lythri 287 

Necrophorus  interruptus  152 

Nephanes  titau  258 

Notiophihis  bigeminus  186 

Ochthebiug  margipalleus,  rufo-marginatus    90 

OdontsBUs  mobilicornis  90 

Oligota  yteneusis  (sp.  n.) 124 

Olibrus  particeps    161,  162 

Olophrum  fuscum,  nicholsoni  12 

Omahum  brevicorne,  grandiloqua  44 

Ophonus  azureus,  231 ;  brevicollis,  183 ; 
champioui  (sp.  n.),  209;  cordatus, 
184  ;  parallelus,  281  ;  puuctatulus, 
232;  puncticollis,  230;  rectangulus, 
229 ;  rufibarbis,  183 ;  rupicola,  207  ; 

rupicoloides  (sp.  n.)   208 

Opilo  mollis 12 

Orthochiiites  insignis,  211 ;  setiger    152 

Orthoperus  atomarius    258 

Oxypoda  lentula,  161 ;  soror,  10 ;  vittata  162 
Oxy telus  piceus,  257 ;  saulcyi 13 


PAGE 

Parnus  anglicanus 236 

Pentarthrum  huttoni 263 

Philonthus    fuscus,     12  ;    lucens,    90  ; 

species  of    112 

Phl(ropora  angustiformis 152 

Phyllotreta  ocbripes,  tetrastigma,   152  ; 

sinuata     286 

Planeustomus  flavicollis    162 

Platystethus  capito,  nitens  90 

Plegaderus  dissectus 213 

Poophagus  nasturtii  152 

Pria  dulcamanc 258 

Prognatha  quadricornis    12 

Pselaphus  heisei 268 

Pseudochalcothea  compacta  (sp.  n.),  7G  ; 
macrophylla  (sp.  u.),  77;  shelfordi 
(sp.  n.) 76 

Psylliodes  cuprouiteus,  286  ;  luteola 262 

Pterostichus  lepidus  213 

Quedius  nigro;eneus,  287;  ventralis  12 

Rhizophagus  perforatus    151 

Scolytus  pruui,  rugulosus 152 

Scopa-us  sharpi  (sp.  n.)    102 

Scydnwnus  exilis  213 

Silpha  sinuata    10 

Silusa  rubiginosa    12 

Sihanus  bidentatus  90 

Sitaris  muralis    29 

Sitoues  canibricus,  152 ;  waterhousei  ..  11 
Stenus    caualiculatus,   carbonarius,   90; 

forniicetorum  n 

Strophosomus  curvipes 150,  197 

Stylops  melittic  137 

Tachinus  scapularis  12 

Tachyporus  formosus,  tarsus  268 

Tetropium  fuscum 90 

Thana.simus  rufipes  256 

Tomicus  acumiuatus     n 

Tomoglossa    luteicornis,  v.   eppelsheimi 

(var.  n.)  79 

Trachys  troglodytes  213 

Trichonyx  sulcicollis 213 

Trogophloeus  championi  (sp.  n.) 49 

Velleius  dilatatus  213 

Vesperus  reitteri  (sp.  n.) 49 

Xautholinus  ottomanus  (sp.  n.)  l 

Xenocuema  spinipes 9Q 


DIPTERA. 

PAGE 

Achalcus  melanotrichus    58 

Agathomyia  zetterstedti  190 

Anthomyia  imbrida,  195;  procellaris  ...  194 
Aphiochaeta,  96,  1/3 ;  albicans,  98  ; 
angustifrous,  167 ;  atrimana,  166 ; 
breviseta,  99,  169;  cilipes,  169;  cu- 
bitalis,98;  decipieus,  169;  denotata, 
170;  dubitalis,eniarginata,98;  fungi- 
vora,  169;  hunieralis,98;  hyalipennis, 
168  ;  iufraposita,  169  ;  longicostalis, 
1/1 ;  major,  166  ;  mallochi,  minor, 
167  ;  paludosa,  99 ;  projecta,  97 ; 
rata,  98 ;  rubesceus,  170  ;  rufa,  97  ; 
ruficornis,  98 ;  simulans,  97 ;  ungui- 

cularis  168 

Aphrosylus  mitis    146 

Ardoptera  ocellata 26 

Argyra  atriceps,  confinis,  grata 57 

Boletiua  basalis 20 

Botlnia  subalpina    192,  241 

Callimyia  elegaus  147 

Campsicnemus  compeditus  ;  marginatus    145 

Caricea  brachialis,  erythrocera  195 

Ceratopogon  forcipatus,  fulvus,  nobilis, 
23  ;  nubeculosus,  pallidus,  22  ;  versi- 
color      23 

Ceroplatus  lineatus    264 

Chilosia  velutina    191 

Chironomus  dorsalis  261 

Chirosia  crassiseta,  parvicornis  195 

Chortophila  latipeuuis  195 

Chrysotus  melampodius,  suavis,  varians       57 

Cinochira  atra    192 

Clinocera  wesmaelii  26 

Ca'Dosia  albatella,  atra,  bilineella,  dor- 
salis, lineatipes,  196  ;  longicauda, 
197;  pumila,  196;  pygma-a,  sali- 
narum,  197;  steini,  196;  trilineella  197 

Craspedothrix  vivipara 264 

Cricotopns  pulchripes    22 

Ctenophora 136 

Dixa  nigra  23 

Dolichopus  cilifemoratus,  26 ;  strigipes...     27 

Ephelia  variinervis,  133 ;  verralli  134 

Eudoromyia  magnicornis   191,  241 

(lermaria  augustata 192 

Gymnopteruus  angustifrons,  brevicoruis      57 

Hammerschmidtia  ferruginea 191 

Hercostomus  sahlbergi,  subsimplicipes  ...     56 
Heteroueura  albimaua,  108 ;  caledonica, 
106;  gentilis,  verticalis    107 


PAGE 

Heteropteryx  brevipennis 264 

Hilara  aeronetha,  24 ;  argyrosoma,  beck- 

eri,  braueri,  carinthiaca,  cinereomi- 

cans,  cingulata,  25  ;    diversipes,  24 ; 

heterogastra,  25  ;  lugubri?,  matrona, 

piibipes 24 

Homalomyia  f ucivorax,  lineata  194 

Hybos  culiciformis,  femoratus,  grossipes      60 

Hypocera  femorata,  96 ;  irregularis  95 

Leia  terminalis  20 

Leptopeza  sphenoptera 26 

Lestodiplosis  tenuis   137 

Limnobia  decemmaculata     23 

Limuophora  maritiina  193 

Limnospila  albifrons 195 

Lispe  hydromyzina,  pygmsea  195 

Macquartia  chalcouota 66 

Medeterus  excellens,  infumatus,  nitidus      144 

Mycetophila  ornata,  ruf escens    287,  288 

CEdalia  apicalis 25 

Oligotrophus  ventriculosus   136 

Onesia  gentilis    192 

Pachymeria  erberi 24 

Pegomyia  femorata,  mterruptella,  rufina, 

squamifera  194 

Phalacrocera  replicata  85 

Phora  abdominalis,  173  ;  bergenstamnii, 

95  ;  concinna,    173  ;  domestica,  95  ; 

gracilis,     94  ;    |maculata,     urbana, 

vitrea    173 

Phytomyptera  nitidiventris 264 

Pipunculus  incoguitus   190 

Platyura  humeralis,  modesta,  21  ;  nigri- 

cauda,  20  ;  nigriceps,  semirufa  21 

Piecilobothrus  comitialis  27 

Porphyrops  f racta 58 

Psilocouopa  pusilla    23 

Psilopus  luiwi 26 

Ptychomyia  selecta   192 

Pyrellia  a'uea,  cadaverina    193 

Rhacochla'ua  toxoneura    264 

llhamphomyia   culiciua,    23;    dissimilis, 

spissirostris     24 

Sarcophaga  pumila,  193;  sinuata 192 

Scatopse  coxendix,  22 ;  talpju     21 

Sciara  longiventris    20 

Sciomyza  brevipennis    264 

Scoliocentra  villosa    264 

Spha-rophoria  loe wii 191 

Spilogaster  halterata,  platyptera    193 

Sturmia  liguiperdiB    191 


PAGE 

Syutemua  alpicola,  morosa 07,  288 

iSyntomogaster  exigua,  192;  fasciata,  192,  264 

Syntormon  spicatus,  filiger,  rufipes  58 

Syrphus  luuiger,  torvus    215 

Tachista  tubeiculata 26 

Tau)'ptera  136 

Tanypus  variiis  261 

Telmatoscopus     adveua,      meridionalis, 

rothschildii 9 

Telmaturgus  tumidulus     145 

Tetauops  myopina 264 

Teuchophoius  calcaratus  145 

Thrypticus  bellus,  114;  divisus,  58;  lae- 

tus,  69;  pollinosns     144 

Thryptocera  miuutissiiua 264 

Tipula  heterogama,  273  ;  nodicoruis,  23  ; 

obscuripennis  273 

Trichina  opaca    26 

Triogma  trisulcata 84,  139 

Vibrissiua  turrita 191 

Weberia  curvicauda,  thoracica    192 

Xiphura  136 


HEMIPTERA. 

Acalypta  parvula  Ill 

Anthocoris  conf usus,  &c 187 

Athysauus  sejungeudus    13 

Berytus  signoreti    110 

Cacodmus  ignotus,  85;  villosus   86 

Capsidas,  species  of 187,  188 

Cercopidic,  species  of    188 

Chorosoma  schillingi    37,  110 

Clinocoris  columbarius,  lectularius,  peris- 

tevx  87 

Coranus  subapterus 65,  111 

Corixa  falleiiii,  &c 188 

Corizus  parumpuiictatus  110 

Cryiitostemma  alieuum 187 

Cymus  claviculus    110 

Dalader  acuticosta 37 

Derepiiysia  f oliacea  Ill 

Dictyonota  strichuocera,  tiicoruis  Ill 

Dolycoris  baccarum   109 

Drymus  bruuneus,  sylvaticus  110 

Fulgorid;e,  species  of 189 

Genis  lacustris,  najas  Ill 

Gouocerus  venator 13 

Heterogaster  urticEe 110 


Hydiometra  stagnorum    Ill 

JassidsB,  species  of 188,  189 

Metacauthus  elegans    110 

Micropliysa  elegantula 187 

Miris  calcaratus,  &c 187 

Moiiauthia  cardui  Ill 

Myrmedobia  tenella  187 

Myrmus  miriformis    36 

Nabis  ferus,  &c Ill 

Neides  tipularius    1 10 

Nepa  cinerea  188 

Notouecta  glauca  188 

Nysius  thymi  110 

Oncotylus  vuidiflavus    13 

Piesma  capitata Ill 

Piezodorus  lituratus  109 

Piezostethus  flavipes 187 

Psallus  vitellinus  60,  240 

Psylla  albipes 65 

Psyllidic,  species  of    189 

Reduvius  personatus 65 

Rliyparochromous  chiragra,  pru'textatus  110 

Salda  c-album,  &c.,  187;  niarginalis 13 

Scolopostethus  affinis,   decoratus,  thom- 

soni  110 

Stenocephalus  agilis 110 

Stygnocorisfuligineus,  pedestris,  rusticus  110 

Therapha  hyoscyami 110 

Thy reocoris  scaraba-oides 109 

Trapezonotus  arenarius    110 

Tropicoris  rufipes  239 

Velia  currens  Ill 

Zicroua  ca-rulea 109 


HYMENOPTERA. 

Allantus,  153;  species  of 158 

Bombus  ruderatus,  terrestris  66 

Ichneumon  lugens 91 

Prosopis  genalis  91,  116,  240 

Tenthredo,  153;  species  of 159 

Teuthredopsis,  232;  species  of    233 


LEPIDOPTERA. 

Abisara  kausambi 81 

Abraxas  grossulariata,  199 ;    var.  nigra 

(var.  u.),  215,  238,  267,    287  ;    var. 

uigro-sparsata 214,  267 


TAGE 

Acidalia  contigu.iria,   68  ;    fumata,   17  ; 

straminata  45 

Acrsea  circeis,  humilis,  orestia 11) 

Adolias  canesceus 81 

^geria  andreufeformis,  141 ;  culiciforniis, 

199;  musciformis,  266;  tipuliforniis  199 
Aglais  urticie,   var.   iclmusa,   221  ;  var. 

polaris  70 

Agriades    alexin;?,    127,   266,    268,  276; 

coridon,  var.  semi-syugrapha,    245  ; 

graves!,  159,  276 ;  thetis,  var.  punc- 

tifera,  266 ;    thersites,   var.   graves! 

(var.  n.)   276,  278 

Agrotis  lucernea 17 

Alispa  augiistella   45 

Aniaiiri.s  egialea,  uiavius  143 

Amorpha  populi     16 

Amphidasys  betularia  164 

Anaphe  mfracta 224 

Anarta  cordigera,  melaleuca,  mehiuopa  70 

Angerona  pnmaria    18 

Anisopteryx  iescularia  272 

Anthrocera   exulans,    15,    var.    vanadis, 

70;  filipeudul;e,var.  flava,  17;  trifolii 

var.  coufluens 69 

Apamea  leucostigma 17 

Apatura  iris 48,  64 

Apocheima  hispidaria    272 

Araschnia  levana,  var.  prorsa,  var.  poriua  18 

Arctia  caja 17 

Argyresthia  pygmajella 69 

Argyritis  pictella    17 

Argyrolepia  leneana,  zephyrana     46 

Athyma  kresna  81 

Atomotriclia  ommatius 270 

Atteria  docima  (sp.  n.)    133,278 

Biduauda  thesmia 82 

Bistou  hirtaria    141,  199 

Boarmia  repandata,  var.  nigra  119 

Botys  asinalis 45 

Brachysara  sordida    270 

Brentlus  apliirape,  70;  euphrosyne,  16; 

freya,  frigga,  70  ;  pales,  268;  selene, 

16;  tliore,  var.  borealis    70 

Bryophihi  muralis  215 

Callimorpha  dominula  245 

Calopieris  eulimene   223 

Caradrina  quadripunctata    138 

Carposina  comouana  ;  euryleuca,  u.  n....  35 

Carterocephalus  palaimon    47 

Catocala  uupta  17 

Catopsilia  crocale,  pyrauthe    82 


PAGE 

Cciiiiostoma  spartifoliella 64 

Ceuopis  austera,  tempestiva,  n.n. ;  kara- 

cana-saracaua     34 

Centra  viuula 220 

Cetho.sia  hypsea 81 

Charaxes  jasius  220 

Clieimatobia  boreata,  272;  brumata 271 

Chelaria  hubuerella  69 

ChcErocampa  porcellus  198 

Chrysophanus  amphidamas,  var.  obscura    70 

Cidaria  conciunata    18 

Coccyx  cosmophoraua,  pygmaeana 46 

Ctinionympha    cedipus,     arcania,     hero, 

iphioides  165  ;  tiplion  15,165 

Coleophoraagramella,  199;  apicella,  245; 

badiipennella,  221 ;  discordclla,  199  ; 

kronella,  51 ;  trigeminella    51,221 

Colias  edusa,  198,  199,  244;  hyale,  17, 

45;  nastes,var.werdaudi,70;  pal;eno  268 

Concliylis  stramiuea 46 

Coremia  munitata 15 

Crambiis  dumetellus,  liamellus,  latistrius, 

pinellus,  uliginoselius,  warriugtouellus    45 

Crymodes  exulis 245 

Curetis  thetis 82 

Cyaniris  argiolus 237,  244,  267,  268 

Cyntliia  erota 81 

Dacalana  vidura    82 

Danais  aspasia,  eryx,  lotis,  septentriouis, 

vulgaris    81 

Danisepa  lowii    92 

Dasycampa  rubiginea    46 

Dasydia  obfuscata 15 

Deilemera  leuconoe,  trausitella  143 

Deilephila  livoruica    17,  138,  278 

Demas  coryli 45 

Depressaria  applana,  118  ;  putridella  ...  17 
DianthcBcia  luteago,  var.   ficklini,   267 ; 

capsophila,  245,  268;  carpophaga...  17 
Dion  carmenta,  276 ;  turmada  (sp. n.),  132, 278 

Dioryctria  spleudidella 46 

Dircenna  dero 221 

Discophora  lepida 245 

Ebulea  stachydalis    45 

Enarnionia  luquorea,  chrysotypa,  cirrhas, 

cupida,  eoleuca,  u?uochroa,  ratifera, 

septicola,  xauthospora,  u.  n.;  daua- 

zaua,  daudana,  garacana 34 

Ennychia  uigrita    45 

Entheus  niuyaa  (sp.  u.)  131,  278 

Epamera  gazei  (sp.  D.)    129,278 


Ephyra  linearia 16 

Epiphile  eriopis I99 

Epitola  honorius,  posthumus    143 

Erebia  ii'thiops,  var.  caledouia,  70  ;  lilau- 
diua,  239;  embla,  70  ;  epiphroii,  239  ; 
glacialis,    268  ;    lappoiia,    70,    268  • 

ligea,  var.  adyte 70 

Erites  elegans gl 

Euchelia  jacoba^a;  268 

Euchloe cardamiues,  16, 17;  damone...l7,  221 
Eucosnia  amauda,  argillacea,  argyraula, 
atacta,  ceramitis,  chersa^a,  chloro- 
leuca,  euniaia,  griphodes,  isospora, 
nothrodes,  paraglypta,  peristicta, 
pholas,  sardiopa,  trapezitis,  n.  n. ; 
faiidana,  zaudana,  34 :  anmilata,  anti- 
chroina,  aspista,  carcharias,  carpho- 
loga,  chortica,  discipula,  efficax,  leu- 
conialla,  metaschista,  peliua,  rhodo- 
pha'a,  sceletopa,  semalea,  semnitis, 
seraugias,  spilophora,  spodias,  syr- 
todes,  typicodes,  11.  n.  ;  bobaua— 
vovana,  boxcana,  domonana,  gomo- 
nana,  miscaua,  vomonana,  womo- 
uana,  35:    explosa,  limigeua,  u.n.,; 

tomonana,  zomonana    36 

Eulepis  delphis  81 

Eulia  camerata,  u.n.  ;  uiscana    35 

Eum;eus  debora igg 

Eimica  eurota 244 

Eupoecilia  implicitana    18,  46 

Eupithecia  siibfulvata  266 

Euripus  halitherses    48 

Enrytela  diyope,  hiarbiis 142 

Euthalia  ambalika,  dunya    81 

Evetria  matutina,  n.  n. ,  zozaua 35 

Falga  sciras,  276  ;  scydrai,  132,276,  278  ; 

theoclea     276  278 

Fidonia  brunneata 15 

Gelechia  malvella  69 

Glutophrissa  saba  93 

Gnophos  obscurata    I7 

Gouopteryx  cleopatia,  17;  rbamni    222 

Hedya  servillaua    46 

Heliozela  sericiella,  staimeella    138 

Heodes  hippothoe  268 

Hepialus  pyrenaicus 268 

H  esperia  andromeda",  centaurea;    70 

Hestia  liypermnestra,  164 ;  logaui,  var 

virgo,  92;  lynceus 164 

Heusimeue  fimbriana    46 

Hewitsonia  boisduvali  I43 

Hipparchia  semele,  var.  algirica    17  | 


Huphnia  hespera    82 

Hybernia  aurautiaria,  272  ;  var.  fusca 
(var.  n.),  90  ;  defoliaria,  69,  272  ; 
indocilis,  270  ;    leucopha'aria,    164, 

272;  marginaria,  nipicapraria    272 

Ilydnecia  burrows!  (sp.  n.) 223 

Hypenodes  albistrigalis,  costa'strigalis  ...     46 

Hypolimna.s  inaria,  misippus   224 

Hyria  muricata  45 

Hysterosia  dicax,  refuga,  vigilans,  vincta, 
n.  u. ;  homouana,  riscana,  tiscana, 
waracana,    35  :    fermeutata,    n.  n.  ; 

komonana    36 

Ilitbyia  semirubella    45 

Ithomia  drymo   221 

It  una  ilione 22I 

Juuonia  atlites  31 

Lampides  coruscans  82 

Laphygma  exigua  17 

Larentia  c*siata    15 

Leptosia  xiphia gg 

Letbe  europa  gi 

Leucania  albipnncta,  266;  favicolor  ...16,  70 

Leucothyris  aquata    221 

Linienitis  sibylla    237 

Lipoptycha  banana,   kana ;    planiloqua, 

sordescens,  n.  n. 35 

Lithocolletis  stettinensis  ig 

Lobophora  viretata    45 

Luperina  dumerilii,  17,  70;  graslini,  17; 

gueneei  17,  70,  259;  testacea 70 

Lyca-na  alexius,    127,   268;  arion,    267; 

icarus,  119,  266;  pheretes   223 

Macroglcssa  stellatarum    198    214 

Mallobathra  scoriota 271 

Manduca  atropos   267 

Marmara  salictella    71 

Melanargia  galathea  vars.  procida  and 

syracusana  ig 

Melanippe  montanata  17 

Metacrias  erichrysa,  liuttonii,  strategica  270 
Mimacra-a  costleyi,  221,  275  ;  eltringhami, 

221,  278 

Mixodia  schulziana    69 

Monopis  crocicapitella,  ferrugiuella,  39  ; 
imella,  moiiachtilla,  rusticella,  weaver- 
ella    43 

Mycalesis  anapita,  medus,  mineus 81 

Nenieophila  plautaginis  var.  hospita 15 

Nemoria  viridata    45 

Neorina  crishna,  hilda 220 

Neptidopsis  ophione  143 


PAGE 

Neptis  agatha,  melicerta,  metella,  143 ; 
nata,  81 ;  nicouiedes,  nysiades,  143  ; 
peraka,  81 ;  puella,  saclava,  swyuner- 

toni  143 

Noctua  xanthographa 118 

Nola  confusalis  45 

Nomophila  noctuella 197 

Nonagria  nexa   221 

Norasunia  kolga 71 

Notarthrimis  boulti  (sp.  n.) 103 

Nyssia  lappoiiaria,  zouaria 273 

Otloutia  dentalis     45 

Q]ceticus  onini vorus  270 

(Eneis  uorna 70 

Olethreutes  mana  ;  thaliastis,  n.  u.,  34: 
crepuscularis,  iusulicola,  n.  n.  ;    go- 

gana,  islandaua 35 

Ommatothelxis  graudis  (sp.  u.) 133,  278 

Oporabia  (hybrids)     94 

Oporiua  croceago   47 

Opsiphanes  boisduvali  245 

Orgyia  antiqua,  gonostigma    271 

Orophora  unicolor      270 

Oxyptilus  parvidactylns,  teucrii 45 

Pachnobia  hyperboiea  245 

Pachygastria  trif olii 2G6 

Papilio  agameninon,82;  alexanor,  245; 
ajax,  17  ;  eommixta,  143  ;  dardanus, 
19,  142, 145 ;  evemon,  82, 92  ;  hippo- 
coon,  142 ;  itainputi,  92  ;  hulinus, 
17;  machaou,  163,  244;  marcellus, 
17;  memnon,  82;  mimeticus,  143; 
uyassinus,  17 ;  paradoxus  var.  tele- 
sicles,  164 ;  phorcas,  220 ;  policenes, 

17;  sarpedon,  82  ;  rex 143 

Parthenos  Sylvia    81 

Peronea  comariana,  69  ;  variegana    16 

Phalouia  bana,  straminiodes,  zaracana ; 
rhodites,  n.  n.,  34:  acropeda,  bary- 
zela,  cricota,  cyamitis,  fabicola,  helo- 
noma,  ixeuta,  liquida,  inyrinitis, 
omphacitis,  peganitis,  telifera,  n.u. ; 
biscaua,  ziscaua,  bomonaiia,  ehleraiia, 
foriuonana,foxcana,  zoxcana,  35:  fu- 
nesta,   officiosa,   voluntaria,    u.  n.  ; 

nomouaua,  raua,  romonana 36 

Phigalia  pedaria    272 

Phycis  betuhe 46 

Phoxopteryx  siculana,  uucaua,  unguicana    46 

Phryxus  livornica 17,  138 

Plaueina  macarista,  poggei 242 

Pieris  uapi  var.  bryouiii'    223 


PAGE 

Pinacopteryx  doxo     221 

Platysaniia  cecropia   199,  220 

Plebeins  argyrognomoii,  var.  ii^gidion    ...     70 
Phisia  gamma,  197  ;  hochenwarthi,  70  ; 

interrogationis,  15,  17  ;  moueta,  69 ; 

ni  17 

Pcedisca  rubiginosana    46 

Polia  chi,  15,  69,  266  ;  xanthomista 17 

Polychrosis  signifera ;   n.  n.  yarac.ana, . . .     34 

Polygonia  c-album 16 

Polyommatus  icarus  266 

Porthesia  chrysorrhoea,  267  ;  similis  17 

Potamauax  pisates  (sp.  n.) 131 

Prioneris  vollenhovei 82 

Proteopteryx  faracana — maracaua ;  nava- 

lis,  pra>scripta,  resoluta,  ultrix,  n.n., 

34:  momonana ;  sanifica,  n.  n 36 

Proteoteras  naracana  ;  prasinospila,  n.n.     34 
Pseudacraia  dehidens  (sp.  n.),  228  ;  eury- 

tus,  hobleyi,    obscura,    paragea,  ro- 

gersi,  tellus,  terra 242 

Pseudoscada  adasa    221 

Pterouymia  sylvo    221 

Ptycholoma  lecheana 164,  244 

Pyrameis  atalanta,  69,  197;  cardui 

16,  138,  197,  267 

Ragadia  crisia    81 

Rumicia  phteas,  16,  17:  vars 48 

Saturnia  carpini,  118;  pyri     224 

Sciaphila  hybridana  69 

Scoparia  ferrugalis    197 

Seleuia  lunaria   45 

Sheffieldia  ueavei  (sp.  n  )    128,  278 

Smerinthus  tihie 17 

Smyrna  blomfildia 244 

Sophronia  parenthesella  69 

Sparganothis  procax,  n.  n.,  taracana   ...     S4 

Sphinx  convolvuli   17,  64 

Spilosoma  urticaj  45,  199 

Stauropus  fagi    45 

Sterrha  sacraria 17 

'raniiocampa  munda   47 

Taleporia  aphrosticha  271 

Taractrocera  ardonia,  82  ;  gradiens  92 

Tenaris  hourathii,  selene 245 

Teracolus  pleione  223 

Teratoueura  isabellai  276,278 

Terias  hecabe,  sari,  82 ;  tilaha    82,  92 

Thais  rumina,  vars.  canteneri,  honoratii, 

medesica.'^te 18 

Thaumautis  diores 245 


PAGE 

Thecla  fassli  (sp.   u.),   lopliis    (sp.    n.) ; 

maraclies,(sp.  u.) ;  opisena  (sp.  n.)  ; 

oiocana  (sp.  n.) 130,  131,  278 

Thiodia    baracana — raracana  ;     famosa, 

fastidiosa,  oxyleuca,  profana,  n.  n., 

34:  kiscana;  speculigera,  n.  n 35 

Tholomiges  tiirfosalis    45 

Thyridia  themisto  221 

Tirumala  formosa  143 

Tortrix    diversana,  46  ;   lomonaua,    36 ; 

piceana,  46;  veueratrix,  u.  u 36 

Vacciniiua  optilete    70 

Vanessa  antiopa 64 

Wheeleria  spilodactyla 18 

Xanthia  aurago,  198 ;  ocellaris 16 

Xenolecliia  scalella   139 

Xyliua  oruithopus,  47  ;  semibrunnea,  16, 

45;  socia 47 

Xylocampa  areola 47 

Ypthima  fasciata,  pandocus    81 

Zegris  eupheme,  var.  meridionalis 18 

Zeuzera  sesculi    64 

Zonosoma  orbicularia,   16  ;    pendnlaria, 

var.  subroseata 141 

Zyga'na  exulans,  15;  filipendula?,  ab.flava, 

17  ;  trifolii,  var.  coufluens,  69,  var. 

minoides  199 


MALLOPHAGA. 

Docophorus  nirmoides,  61 ;  v.  major  ...  62 
Hajmatopinus    tenuirostris,   64 ;    ventri- 

cosus,  116;  vituli  64 

Nirmus     marginocephalus,     scolopacis, 

truncatus 62 


NEUROPTERA    and    TRICHOPTERA. 

..^schna  ccerulea,  juncea 265 

Agrion  armatum,  163  ;  hastulatum,  66 ; 

pulchellum  163 

Calopteryx  splendens    199 

Cordulegaster  annulatus  265 

Enallagma  cyathigerum 265 


PAGE 

Erotesis  baltica  241 

Erythromma  naias 163 

Ischmira  elegans    47 

Libellula  fulva,  163  ;  quadrimaculata   ...  265 
Limnophilus  marmoratus,    264;   subceu- 

tralis 46 

Nemoura  dubitans,  221 ;  inconspicua,  1&4,  221 

Pyrrhosoma  nymphula  265 

Somatochlora  arctica    265 

Sympetrum  f onscolombii  14 

TjBuiopterys  nebulosa  164 


ORTHOPTERA. 

Arixenia  jacobsoni  (sp.  n.)  105 

Ectobia  panzeri  14 

Eumegalodon  blanchardi 69 

Labidura  riparia    268 

Leptophyes  puuctatissinia    14 

Locusta  viridissima    14 

Periplaneta  australasiae    48 

Platycleis  grisea,  14;  roeselii  198 

Prisopus  fisheri  70 

Pulchriphyllium  crurifolium    140 

Sphodromantis  guttata 140 

Stenobothrus  bicolor,  parallellus 14 

Tettix  bipunctatus,  subulatus 14 

Thanuiotrizon  cinereus 14 


SIPHONTAPTERA. 

Ceratophyllus  insularis,  vagabuudus 67 

Ctenophthalmus  calceatus  27 

Pal.Topsylla  kohauti  67 


THYSANOPTERA. 

Ceplialothrips  luonilicornis  


190 


ADDITIONS    TO    THE    BRITISH    INSECT    FAUNA 
BROUGHT    FORWARD    IN    THIS    VOLUME. 


COLEOPTERA. 

PAGE 

Auaspis   regimbarti,    Schilsky  (  ^^  rufi- 

coUis,  Brit,  colls.) 115 

Aphodius  punctato-sulcatus,  var.  obscu- 

rellus,  Schilsky 64 

BlediusarenariuSjVar.fergussoni,  Joy,  44; 

(  ?  =  Bledius  minor,  Rey)  64 

Bradycellus  sharpi,  Joy  (  ?  ^  distinctus, 

Brit,  colls.) 257 

Cha;tocnema  conducta,  Jfofsc?i  89 

Claviger  longiconiis,  Miill 100 

GyrophiPiia  bihamata,  T/ioms 149 

,,         convexicollis,  Joy 149 

Heuoticus  germanicus,  Reitt 286 

Lathrobium  ripicola,  Czwai 125 

Microglossa  marginalis,  v.  obscura,  Joy  .    115 

Oligota  yteuensis.  Sharp 124 

Ophonus  champioui ,  Sharj') 209 

,,       rectangulus,  T/ioms 229 

,,       rupicoloides,  S?^arp  208 

Orthocha'tes  insignis,  Auhe 211 

Planeustomus  flavicollis,  i^awv 162 

Strophosomus  curvipes,  Bedel 150 

Thauasimus  rufipes,  B7'rt/(7n    255 


DIPTERA. 

A  phioch 

eta  angustifrous,  Wood    ... 

167 

atrimana,            ,, 

166 

breviseta,            ,, 

99 

hyaliuipennis,     ,, 

....  168 

longicostalis,       ,, 

171 

major,                 ,, 

16G 

rubescens,           ,, 

....  170 

simulans,             ,, 

...    97 

Aphrosyl 

us  raitis,  Verr all    

....  146 

Ca-nosia 

steini,           ,,          

....  196 

Cricotopus  pulchripes,   Verrnll  

22 

Ephelia  verralli,  Beryrofh   134 

Hercostomus  subsimplicipes,  Verrall 56 

Hypocera  irregularis,  TFood    95 

Heteroueiua  caledonica,  Collin 106 

,,          gentilis,  Collin  107 

,,         verticalis,      ,,     107 

Lestodiplosis  tenuis,  ioeiti  137 

Oligotrophus  ventriculosus.  Rubs 136 

Scatopse  coxendix,  Verrall 22 

,,       talpae,              ,,      21 

Telmatoscopus  rothschildii,  Eaton 7 

Thrypticus  la^tus,  Verrall    59 

,,         pollinosus,  FerraW    144 

Triogma  trisulcata,  Sc/ntw 85,  139 


HEMIPTERA. 

Psallus  vitellinus,  Sc/iolfz    60 

Psylla  albipes,  Flor 65 


LEPIDOPTERA. 

Coleophora  trigeminella,  JPwc/is 51 


MALLOPHAGA. 

Docophorus  nirmoides,  v.  major, 

Waterston    62 


SIPHONAPTERA. 
Palieopsylla  kohauti,  Da  mpf 67 


THYSANOPTERA. 
Cephalothrips  monilicoruis,  Reut 190 


LARVA   OF   BRITISH   LEPIDOPTERON    DESCRIBED 
IN    THIS   VOLUME. 


Luperina  gneneei,  Porritt. 


PAGE 

.  259 


LIST   OF   NEW   GENERA   AND   SPECIES,   &c., 
DESCRIBED    IN    THIS    VOLUME. 


COLEOPTERA. 

PAGE 

Bledius  bernhaueri,   Cameron,  Red  Sea     28 

Bradycellus  sharpi,  Joy,  Brt/(7i7i  257 

Glyptothea  excavata,  Janson,  Borneo...     78 

,,        moultoni,  Jansoti,  Borneo  ...     78 

Gyrophaena  convexicoUis,  J'oy,  Britain..  149 

Microglossa  marginalis,  var.  obscura,  Joy, 

Britain...   115 

Oligota  ytenensis,  Sharp,  Britain 124 

Ophonus  championi,  Sharp,  Britain  ....  209 

,,       rupicoloides,  Sharp,  Britain...  208 

Pseudochalcothea  compacta,  Janson, 

Borneo    70 

,,  macrophylla,  Ja?i«o«, 

Borneo    77 

,,  shelfordi,  Janson, 

Borneo    76 

Scopseus  sharpi,  Cameron,  Red  Sea 102 

Tomoglossa   luteicoruis,  v.    eppelsheimi, 

Cameron,  Red  Sea   79 

Trogophlii'us  cbampioni,  Cameron,  Malta    49 

Vesperus  reitteri,  Crtwerow,  Lng'os   49 

Xantholinus  ottomanus,  Cameron, 

Turliey ...       1 


DIPTERA. 

Aphiochsetaangustifrons,  Wood, England  167 

,,          atrimana,           ,,  ,, 

,,          breviseta,           ,,  ,, 

,,          hyalipennis,       ,,  ,, 

,,         longicostalis,     ,,  ,, 

,,          major,                „  ,, 

,,          rubescens,          ,,  ,, 

,,          simulaus,            ,,  ,, 

Aphiosylus  mitis,  Verrall,  England 

Cujiiosia  steini,              ,,  ,, 

Cricotopus  pulchripes,  ,,  ,, 

Ephelia  verralli,  Bergroth,  ,, 

Hercostomus  subsimplicipes,  Verrall, 

England...     56 

Hypocera  irregularis,  Wood,  England...     95 

Heteroneura  caledonica,  Collin,  England  100 


166 

99 

168 

171 

160 

170 

97 

140 

196 

22 

134 


,,  gentilis,  ,, 

,,  verticalis,       ,, 

Scatopse  coxendix,  Verrall, 

,,      talpaj,  ,, 

Telmatoscopus  rothschildii,  Eaton 
Thrypticus  hetus,  Verrall, 
,,        pollinosus,    ,, 


107 

107 

22 

21 

7 

59 

144 


HEMIPTERA. 

PAGE 

Cacodmus  ignotn.s,   Rothfchild  (locality 

unknown)     85 

Clinocoris  peristera>,  Rothschild,  India    87 


LEPIDOPTERA. 

GENUS. 
Sheffieldia,  Drwce  128 

SPECIES. 

Atteria  decima,  Driice,  Peru 133 

Dion  turmada,  Bruce,  E.  Ecuador  132 

Eutheus  ninj'as,  Drwce,  Bolt wa    131 

Epaniera  gazei,  Drwce,  S.  Jfigena    129 

Notarthrinus  boulti,  Chapman,  Borneo  103 
Ommatothelxisgrandis,  Drwce,  W.Africa  133 
Potanianax  pisates,  Bruce,  E.  Ecuador  131 
Pseudacra3adeludens,.N'eat)e,  Nyasaland  228 
Sheffieldia  neavei,  Bruce, 

German  E.  Africa...  128 

Thecla  fasali,  Druce,  Colombia 130 

,,      lo'phis,  Druce,  Colombia    131 

,,      maraches,  Druce,  E.  Ecuador...  130 

,,      oi>isena,  Druce,  Colombia    131 

,,      ovocana,,  Druce,  E.  Peru  130 


MALLOPHAGA. 

Docophorus  nirmoides,  v.  major, 

Waferston,  Shetland...     62 


ORTHOPTERA. 

Arixenia  jacobsoui.  Burr,  Java 105 


SIPHONAPTERA. 

Ctenophthalmus  calceatus,  Waterston, 


S.  Africa...     27 


ERRATA. 

Page  18,  line  19  from       top,      for  "South"  read  "North." 
„      18,     „      20       „         top,      for  "  Mr.  G.  V.  Hudson,  F.E.S. " 

read  "  Mr.  Creagh  O'Connor, 
bottom, /or  "  ahsyjithium"  read  '' absinthi^lm." 

top,       for  "  Psedisca  "  read  "  Pwdisca." 
bottom,  for  "  cmlestis  "  read  "  coelestis." 

top,       for  "  hype7'borcus"  read  "  hyperhoreus." 
bottom,  for  "  Phlxopora  "  read  "  Phloeopora." 

„         for  "  C.  varia"  read  "  Chrysopsyche  varia: 
„    241,  toj}  line, /or  "Luc."  react  "Luc,''  and  for  "Pouchette" 

read  "  Pouchette.' 


„      -10,     „ 

5 

„      46,     „ 

lu 

„      61,     „ 

13 

„      62,     „ 

(3 

„     152,     „ 

12 

»    ^24,     „ 

17 

„    241,  to] 

3  line 

EXPLANATION    OF    PLATES. 

Plate  I. — First  stage  of  Larva  of  Sitaris  muralis,  Porst. 

(see  pp.  29-32). 

„       II-III. — First  stage  of  larva  of  Metoecus  paradoxus,  L.  (see  pp.  29-32). 

„  IV. — Male  genitalia  of  Monopis,  Hb.  (see  pp.  39-44). 

„  V. — Hypopygium  of  the  genus  Phora  (see  p.  173). 

„  VI. — Notarthrinus  boulti.  Chapman  (see  pp.  103-10o). 

„VII-VIII. — Agriades  thersites,  var.  gravesi.  Chapman,  and  A.  escheri 

(see  pp.  159-162,  276,  278). 

„        IX-X. — New  species  of  Lepidoptera  (see  pp.  129-133,  159,  275). 
Portrait.— LudAvig  Ganglbauer  (see  p.  217). 


Second  Series,  No.  265.]    T\^^JTTAr.v^    imo       rr,         ^. 

rio  6721  JANUARi,  1912.       [Peice  6^^.  net 


THE 


ENTOMOLOGIST'S 


MONTHLY  MAGAZINE. 

EDITED    BY 

G.  C.  CHAMPION,  P.Z.S.         J.  E.  COLLIN,  F.E.S. 

W.  W.  FOWLER,  D.Sc,  M.A.,  F.L.S. 
E.  W.  LLOYD,  F.E.S.         G.  T.  PORRITT,  F.L.S. 

J.  J.  WALKER,  M.A.,  R.N.,  F.L.S. 
LORD  WALSINGHAM,  M.A.,  LL.D.,  F.R.S.,  &c. 


SECOND    SERIES-VOL.   XXIII. 

[VOI^.    XLVIII.] 


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THE 


ENTOMOLOGIST'S 
MONTHLY   MAGAZINE 

SECOND    SERIES-VOL.    XXIII. 

[VOT^ME   XL VIII]. 


DESCRIPTION   OF    A   NEW   SPECIES   OF   XANTHOLINUS 
(Sub-Gen.    VULDA)    FROM   TURKEY. 

BY    MALCOLM    CAMERON,    M.B.,    R.N.,    F.E.S. 

Xantholikus  ottomanus,  n.  sp. 

Head  much  longer  than  broad,  black,  shining,  with  sides  parallel;  ej'es 
moderately  large,  distinctly  projecting  beyond  the  level  of  the  sides ;  forehead 
impressed  with  two  short,  shallow,  parallel  furrows  placed  close  together,  not 
meeting  the  oblique  impression,  which  starting  near  anterior  margin  of  the 
eye,  runs  backwards  and  inwards  and  ends  in  a  seta-bearing  pore  ;  punctiu-ation 
moderately  fine  and  scattered,  closer  at  the  sides,  with  fine  and  still  more 
sparing  piinctvires  between  the  larger  ones ;  pubescence  yellow,  very  slight ; 
lateral  margins  with  one  or  two  setse ;  posterior  angles  rounded. 

Antennae  long,  red,  1st  joint  about  as  long  as  the  three  following  together, 
2nd  and  3rd  of  about  equal  length,  4th  quadrate,  oth  to  10th  transverse. 
Thorax  much  longer  than  broad,  narrower  than  head  and  elytra,  sides  almost 
parallel  behind  the  anterior  angles,  which,  like  the  posterior,  are  obtuse;  black 
and  shining,  narrowly  reddish  at  posterior  margin ;  puncturation  double,  con- 
sisting of — (1)  a  row  of  8  or  9punctiu-es  on  either  side  of  disc,  and  irregular  and 
sparing  punctures  at  sides  ;  (2)  a  much  finer  and  sparing  puncturation  over  the 
whole  siu'face,  including  tlie  space  between  the  dorsal  rows ;  sides  furnished 
with  two  long  setie — one  before  and  one  beliind  the  anterior  angles. 

Elytra  rather  longer  than  thorax,  sliovxlders  strongly  rounded  and  slightly 
widened  behind ;  sliining,  yellowish  red ;  with  irregular  rather  sparing  and 
shallow  puncturation  and  scanty  yellowish  pubescence. 

Abdomen  black,  sliining,  sparingly  punctured  and  puliescent,  the  apex  and 
liinder  margins  of  the  segments  reddisli  ;  the  seventh  segment  (oth  free) 
furnished  at  the  posterior  margin  witli  a  narrow  white  membrane,  the  last 
slightly  emarginatei.  Legs  red,  slender,  the  middle  tarsi  as  long  as  the  tibise, 
the  posterior  pair  nearly  as  long.     Length,  7  mm. 

NTJABT,   1912. 


Z  [.lunuary, 

Taken  at  Beikos,  in  August,  1903,  under  a  stone.  Type  in 
my  collection.  The  following  Table  will  distinguish  the  European 
species  of  the  sub-genus  Yidda  : — 

A. — Head  and  thorax  with  metallic  reflection. 

1.  Larger   and   more   robiist  ;    thorax   widened   in  front.      Head, 

thorax,  and  abdomen  black.     Length,  8-10  mm.... 

angusticollis,  Fvl. 

2.  Smaller   and  more  slender ;    thorax  widened  behind,  reddish- 

broAvn  ;  abdomen  brown.    Length,  8  mm....  gracilipes,  Diiv. 

B. — Head  and  thorax  black,  without  metallic  reflection.     Sides  of  thorax 
practically  parallel ottomanus,  n.  sp. 

November  22nd,  1911. 


NOTES    ON  THE    BEITTSH    SPECIES    OF    LONGITARSUS,    Latr. 

(.\   GENUS   OF    COLEOPTERA). 

BY    J.    R.    LE    B.    TOMLINf,    M.A.,    F.E.S.,    AND    W.    E.    SHARP,    P.E.S. 

(Continued  from  Vol.  xlvii,  p.  275). 

Sect.  III. — Species  nnicolorous,  testaceous,  brown,  pitchy,  or  black  (extreme 
form  of  L.  luridus)  with  coarse,  confused  punctuation. 

I.  Antenna;  short,  last  six  or  seven  joints  darker  than  remainder. 

1.  Elytra  furnished  with  distinct  white  cilia  at  apex... 

L.  castaneus,  Diifts. 

2.  Elytra  without  cilia,  or  with  apical  cilia  minute  and  ineon- 

spiciious   L.  luridus,  Scop. 

II.  Antennae  long,  entirely  testaceous  or  darker  only  at  extremity. 

1.  Form  larger.     Antenna?  as  a  rule  entirely  testaceous... 

L.  ruhiginosus,  Foudr. 

2.  Form  smaller.    AntenniB  with  last  five  or  six  joints  darker... 

var.  ferrugineus,  Foudr. 

L.    CASTANEUS,   Dufts.    [Fauu.   Austr.  Ill,  p.  260]  ;    Foudr.  [Men. 
p.  150]  ;  Kutsch.  [Wien.  Monat.,  1863,  p.  162  (213)]. 

Syn.  brnnnens,  Dufts.  [Faun.  Austr.  Ill,  p.  260],  teste  Weise 
(Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI,  p.  950)  and  Bedel  [Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V. 
pp.  190,  308]. 

In  form  a  regular  oval,  entirely  of  a  red  brown  colour,  with  suture  often 
narrowly  darker.  Antennte :  testaceovis,  with  last  five  or  six  joints  slightly 
darker.  Thorax :  bordered,  transverse,  distinctly  alutacoous,  punctuation  dis- 
tinct, rather  remote,  and  much  finer  than  that  of  elytra,     Elytra  :  punctuation 


1912.]  3 

variable,  but  always  move  or  less  coarse  and  confused,  weaker  at  apex,  apical 
angles  very  feebly  rounded.  The  external  apical  border  of  elytra  and  the  pygi- 
diiuxi  bear  long-  white  cilia,  tliose  of  the  latter  being  visible  through  the  slight 
dehiscence  of  the  elytral  apices.  Legs  :  testaceous  with  posterior  femora  some- 
times concolorous.but  more  usually  dark  brown;  first  joint  of  intermediate  and 
anterior  tarsi  in  ^  very  plainly  enlarged.     Underside  black. 

According  to  Fouclras  both  sexes  are  apterous,  but  we  have  seen 
a  (J  speciuien  taken  in  Kent  completely  winged.     Length,  2 — 2^  mm. 

This  species  is  readily  separable  from  all  our  other  British  Longi- 
tarsi  by  the  possession  of  the  apical  cilia  above  described,  which,  how- 
ever, appear  to  be  often  more  or  less  abraded. 

Otherwise  it  can  be  distinguished  from  L.  luridus  by  its  broader 
and  more  oval  form,  and  generally  lighter  and  more  constant  colour ; 
from  L.  rnhiginosus,  by  its  miich  shorter  antennoe,  and  from  both  by 
its  weaker  elytral  punctuation. 

It  probably  lives  on  a  marsh  plant.  Commander  Walker  has 
found  it  apparently  associated  with  Aster  trtpolinm  in  Sheppey,  but 
if  this  be  a  food-plant  of  the  insect  at  all,  it  certainly  cannot  be 
so  exclusively. 

Its  range  appears  to  be  restricted  to  inland  and  littoral  fens  and 
marshes.  We  have  seen  specimens  from  Wicken,  King's  Lynn,  and 
Sheppey,  and  there  are  records  from  many  other  localities  in  England, 
but  owing  to  the  confusion  in  which  the  nomenclature  of  this  and  the 
next  species  is  involved,  these  records  may  perhaps  be  open  to  some 
doiibt. 

L.  LURIDUS,  Scop.  [Ent.  Carn.  p.  70]  ;  Gyll.  [Ins.  Suec.  Ill,  p.  537]  ; 
Redt.  [Faun.  Austr.,  Ed.  1,  p.  534]  ;  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI, 
pp.  956,  1018)  ;  Steph.  [111.  Brit.  IV,  p.  314]. 

Syns.       hrunnens,    Brit.     Colls.  ;  Foudr.     [Mon.    p.    152]  ;    All. 
[Mon.  p.  129]. 
fusculus,  Kutsch.  [Wien.  Monat.,  1863,  p.  273  (294)]. 

The  synonymy  of  this  and  the  preceding  species  is  exceedingly 
confused,  intricate,  and  uncertain.  There  appears  to  l)e  some  difPerence 
of  Continental  opinion  as  to  what  species  Duftschmidt's  names  really 
denoted  (see  Bedel.  Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V,  p.  307). 

We  have  with  some  hesitation,  although  at  variance  with  the 
latest  European  catalogue,  adopted  the  name  L.  rasfaneus,  Duft.,  for 
the  ciliated,  and  retained  L.  luridus,  Scop.,  for  our  common  species, 

A  2 


4  rJanuary, 

deletiiicf  "  hrnnnevx  "  altogether,  feelini:;-  that  noucoufonnity  with  the 
present  Continental  usage,  although  open  to  objection,  is  perhaps  pre- 
ferable to  the  confusion  which  might  be  caused  by  a  reversal  of  names 
so  well  known  and  understood  by  Britisli  students. 

L.  luridus  is  one  of  the  most  inconstant  species  of  British  beetles. 
The  shape  is  generally  narrow  with  elytra  regularly  oval,  but  it  varies 
very  much  according  to  the  presence  or  absence  of  wings,  and  the 
degree  of  maturity  of  the  individual.  The  colour  varies  from  pale 
testaceous  through  all  shades  of  brown,  red-brown,  or  pitchy,  to  blaclc 
(viger,  Brit.  Colls.)  ;  the  darkening  of  the  suture  is  occasionally  dis- 
tinctly marked,  but  usually  imperceptilile  ;  the  margin  of  the  elytra  is 
sometimes  lighter  than  the  median  area,  and  a  form  occurs  with 
lighter  elytral  apices  somewhat  resembling  Z.  holscdicns. 

Antennte:  black  with  first  three  to  five  joints  testaceous  or  brown.  Thorax  : 
transverse,  bordered,  exceedingly  variable  in  sciilpture,  as  a  riile  alntaceons, 
with  distinct  scattered  punctuation.  Elytra :  coloured  variably  as  above,  aliita- 
ceous,  with  punctuation  always  strong,  sometimes  very  coarse  and  almost 
rugose,  sometimes  slightly  seriate  ;  apices  sepai'ately  rounded.  Legs :  testa- 
ceous with  tarsi  and  posterior  femora  dai'ker,  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  of  ^ 
slightly  enlarged.  Underside  usually  pitchy.  Wings  present  or  rudimentary. 
Length,  1^^ — 2\  mm.  The  most  stable  character  in  this  species  and  that  by 
which  it  can  be  most  certainly  recognized  is  the  coarse,  strong,  elytral 
punctuation. 

From  L.  casta neus  it  may  be  known  by  the  absence  of  the  long 
apical  cilia,  and  the  very  diffei-eut  length  and  colour  of  the  antennae  will 
easily  distinguish  it  from  L.  rvhujinosus. 

The  food  plant  of  this,  the  most  abundant  of  our  Lnngitarsi, 
remains  unknown.  The  species  is  almost  certainly  polyphagous,  and 
the  conjecture  may  perhaps  be  hazarded  that  variety  of  nutrition  may 
have  some  relation  to  its  extreme  morphological  instability.*  It  is  to 
be  swept  generally  fronr  low  and  mixed  herbage,  and  appears  to  be 
more  common  in  autumn  than  in  sj^ring  or  sununer,  and  is  universally 
distributed. 

L.  hrunneus,  Duft. — This  form  has  had  a  place  in  oiu-  lists  as  a 
species  since  the  Waterhouse  Catalogue  of  1858,  and  may  be  separable 
from  "  luridus  "  by  its  robuster  form,  lighter  colour  and  possession  of 
wings.  In  view,  however,  of  the  extreme  variability  of  L.  luridus,  we 
have  no  hesitation  in  considering  it  as  a  form  of  that  species,  and  the 
latest  European  Catalogue  (Heyden,  Eeitter,  and  Weise,  1906)  adopts 

*■  Aiijio.sitc  to  tills  i.s  a  rciniuk  liy  C.-qit.  St.  Claire  Devilk-  (in  Hit.)  viz.  :"....  For  exaruple, 
spechnous  of  I.  obiiteratus  taken  on  !-ulvia  are  sejiaralile  at  the  first  view  from  tlio.se  taken  on 
TliT/inua  And  Hatuyeja." 


1912.J  5 

the   same  view ;   (see  also  Rye's   observations  on  tliis  poiut  cited   by 
Fowler,  Brit.  Col.  IV,  342).* 

L.  fnscfdm,  Kutscli.,  was  described  from  British  examples  sent 
him  by  Gr.  E.  Waterhouse  in  1862.  We  have  been  enabled,  by  the 
conrtesy  of  Mr.  E.  A.  Waterhouse,  to  examine  the  type  specimens  now 
in  the  "  Waterhouse"  Collection,  and  we  believe  this  also  to  be  merely 
one  of  the  forms  of  the  polymorphic  L.  luridus.  The  "  species"  does 
not  appear  to  have  been  recog-uised  from  anywhere  else  in  Europe,  and 
the  European  CataloLfue  (Heyden,  Reitter,  and  Weise,  1906),  gives 
fusculus,  Kutsch.,  merely  as  a  doubtful  synonym  of  L.  luridus,  Scop. 
The  Waterhouse  specimens  differ  from  the  more  usual  forms  of 
L.  luriduit  in  being-  smaller  and  more  parallel-sided,  with  the  elytra 
lighter  in  colour  than  the  thorax,  and  with  the  punctuation  closer  and 
less  coarse,  Init  any  fairly  large  collection  of  L.  Ivridns  will  show  a 
complete  gradation  to  such  forms. 

An  examination  of  the  genitalia  of  both  sexes  of  these  three 
forms,  "  hruiinens,'''  "Inridiis,''  and  "fusculus,''  which  Mr.  H.  Britten 
has  been  good  enough  to  dissect  out  for  us,  reveals  no  difference  what- 
ever between  them.  This  fact  of  itself  is  of  course  insufficient  to 
prove  their  specific  unity,  l)ut  it  certainly  renders  impossible  their 
separation  on  these  characters. 

L.  KUBioiNosus,  Foudr.   [Mon.  p.  204]  ;  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deiitschl. 
VI,  p.  1005]. 

Syn.    flavicornis.  All.  [Mon.  p.  136]  ;  Brit.  Colls. 

Of  a  rather  long  oval  shape.  Entirely  testaceons,  lighter  or  darker.  Head : 
dark  testaceous,  vertex  often  Ijlack.  Antenna' :  almost  as  long  as  body,  light 
testaceons,  often  slightly  dusky  towards  apex  but  never  black.  Thorax  :  dis- 
tinctly transverse,  bordered,  punctuation  variable,  but  xisually  fine  and  remote, 
alutaceous  or  smooth  between  the  puuctui-es.  Elytra :  coarsely,  rugosely  and 
sometimes  subseriately  punctured,  very  faintly  alutaceous,  somewhat  sunilar  to 
those  of  L.  luridus  ;  apices  separately  rounded ;  sutirre  sometimes  faintly  rufes- 
cent.  Legs  :  pale  testaceous,  posterior  femora  usually,  l)iit  not  alwaj-s,  some- 
what darker,  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  in  J  liardly  enlarged.  Underside 
ferruginous.     Winged.     Length,  2 — 2.\  mm. 

The  long,  light  coioiu'cd  antenna.',  comliined  with  the  coai'se  elytral  piuictua- 
tion  separate  this  from  all  our  other  siDCcies. 

Food  plants. — This  species  is  attached  to  Coiwdlrulus.  One  of  us 
has  taken  it  on  G.  sejiiuni  at  Symonds'  Yat  and  Kerne  Bridge,  and  on 

<  In  the  "  Entoinologist,"  No.  '»'<*  (May,  1010),  Dr.  Sliari)  criticises  Weise  in  vegiird  to  tlii.s  or 
these  siieeies.  The  latter  aiitlim-  regards  A,  bnnufus  as  a  winged,  and  I.  laritlu-i  an  apterous, 
form,  extending  nnah  furtlier  nortli  than  I.  brunneus.  Dr.  Sliarp  appears  to  di.sscnt  from  this 
view,  but  holds  that  the  final  solution  of  the  problem  i.s  still  to  seek. 


Q  [January, 

C.  arvensis  at  Braclfield,  Berks.  Mr.  H.  C.  Dollman  has  met  with  it 
abundantly  on  C.  nepium,  near  Ditchling,  Sussex,  and  Bedel  quotes 
M.  A.  Dubois,  of  Versailles,  as  having  found  it  associated  with 
C.  sejmim  and  (under  cultivation)  C.  fricolor.  Foudras  gives  Eujiato- 
rium  cannabinum  as  the  food  plant,  but  Bedel  commenting  on  this 
says :  "  I'erreur  de  Foudras  s'expliquerait  par  ce  fait  que  le  Convol- 
vulus sepmm  et  1'  Eujjatorium  cannahinum  sont  generalement  fort 
enchevetres." 

This  species  appears  to  be  widely,  but  not  very  commonly, 
distributed  throughout  the  south  of  England.  Further  records  are 
necessai-y  to  establish  the  certainty  of  its  range  north  of  the  Midlands. 

Vars. — Weise  gives  three  varietal  forms  :- — 

A — profugus.  Winged,  with  prominent  shoulders  and 
shorter  antennae.  Of  this  form  we  have  seen  no 
British  examples. 

B — fumigatus.  Head  and  thorax  ferruginous  or  more  or 
less  pitchy,  antennae  brown,  prosternum  and  abdomen 
brown  or  pitchy.  This  form  appears  in  a  greater  or 
less  degree  to  occur  with,  and  to  be  almost  as  common 
as,  the  type,  and  cannot  be  considered  in  any  sense  as 
a  stable  divergence  from  it. 

C — Thorax  and  elytra  finely  punctured.  This  form  does  not 
appear  to  be  common,  and,  in  any  case,  in  a  group  so 
variable  as  regards  punctuation,  seems  hardly  worth 
special  recognition. 

L.  ferrugineus,  Foudr.  [Mon.  p.  216].— A  few  specimens  which 
have  been  referred  to  this  species  exist  in  British  collections.  Mr. 
E.  A.  Waterhouse  has  kindly  allowed  us  to  examine  the  exponents  in 
the  "  G.  R.  Waterhouse  "  collection,  and  Mr.  Champion,  an  example 
so  named  for  him  by  E.  C.  Kye,  on  the  strength  of  which  we  believe 
the  species  was  added  to  the  British  list.  One  of  us  also  possesses  a 
specimen  taken  at  Folkestone.  These  few  examples  constitute,  so  far 
as  we  have  been  able  to  ascertain,  the  entire  I'epresentation  of 
L.  ferrugineus  in  British  collections.  With  so  small  an  amount  of 
material  available,  it  becomes  difiicult  to  decide  on  their  specific 
validity,  but  so  far  as  our  examination  of  them  takes  us,  we  have  little 
hesitation  in  regarding  them  as  a  small  form  of  L.  rubiginosus  with 
antennae  darker  than  usual. 

Of  the   sanu^  shape,  but  smaller,  with  similar  elongate  antennae, 


1912.]  tj 

similar  variable  thoracic,  and  strouc^,  almost  seriate,  elytral  punctua- 
tion— it  is  ditticult  to  discover  between  them  and  rubiginosus  any 
difference  which,  in  a  form  with  so  wide  a  known  range  of  variation, 
can  l)e  considered  as  specific.  The  insect  seems  equally  rare  on  the 
Continent,  and  we  have  teen  unable  to  obtain  a  specimen  from  any 
Continental  student  of  the  group, — while  a  careful  study  of  the  text 
of  Foudras'  description*  fails  to  discover  any  distinct  specific  character 
incompatible  with  the  British  specimens  we  have  been  able  to  examine. 

Except  that  the  size  is  If  2  mm.  instead  of  2-21  mm.,  that  the 
last  five  or  six  joints  of  the  antennae  are  fuscous,  and  that  the  punc- 
tuation of  the  thorax  is  perhaps  rather  more  confluent  and  rugose — 
the  description  given  aliove  for  L.  nibujinosiis  may  be  applied  to  it, 
and  need  not  be  recapitulated. 

(To  be  continued). 


TELMATOSCOPVS   ROTHSCHILDII,  A   NEW  SPECIES   OF  PSYCHODID 
DIPTERA  POUND  IN  LONDON. 

BY    THE    REV.    A.    E.    EATON,    M.A.,    F.E.S. 

One  female  of  this  fiy  was  taken  by  Hon.  N.  Charles  Rothschild 
off  the  trunk  of  a  tree  in  a  retired  spot  by  the  Serpentine,  in  the  summer 
of  1909,  and  other  specimens  of  each  sex  in  the  middle  of  June,  off  th§~ 
same  tree,  the  following  year.  The  illustrations  of  the  acconipauyiug 
textual  figure  have  been  delineated  with  the  aid  of  a  Schroder's  prism- 
eye-piece,  from  preparations  in  Canada  Balsam  of  detached  details  of 
the  fly  mounted  without  pressure,  derived  from  specimens  forwarded  to 
me  alive  or  in  fluid  by  their  discoverer. 

By  means  of  the  details  selected,  the  fly's  relationship  to  two 
species,  previously  described,  of  the  genus  Telniatoscopus  may  be 
demonstrated :  T.  advena,  Etn.,  captured  singly  in  Somerset,  Seaton 
and  Aylesbeare  Common,  Devon,  and  near  Fort  National  in  Haut- 
Sebaou,  Algeria  (1  (^  ex.,  2.  xi.  1892.,  Etn.)  ;  and  T.  meridi-nialis,  a 
species  of  wide  distribution,  occurring  in  Egypt  at  Ismailia  (Biro), 
German  East  Africa,  Delagoa  Bay,  Sierra  Leone  (Austen),  and  (per- 
haps, transported  in  slave  ships)  in  South  America  (Burchardt). 

•  Fuudnis'   types,    we   .ire  f,av(jii   to  undcr.staiid,  are,  unhappily,  no  longer  available  for 
examination. 


8 


[January, 


Details  of  Telmatoscopus  rothschildii. 

The  acale  of  enlargement  of  the  wing  is  showai  by  the  proportional 
enlargement  of  '25  mm.,  and  that  of  all  the  other  details  by  the  enlargement 
of  •!  ram.  {25  mm.  =  '01  inch). 

1.     Wing  of  male  denvided.     C,  costa  ;    S.c,  subcosta  ;  E\.  radius,  and  E= 

to  R  ^  its  bx-anches, 
the  radial  sectors, 
of  which  E,-  and 
R^  constittxte  the 
sectorial  fork ;  M  ^ 
and  M",  branches , 
of  the  median  vein, 
the  partition  vein 
of  the  two  basal 
cells,  forming  the 
median  fork ;  Cu ' 
and  Cu",  cubital 
veins,  enclosing  in 
this  instance  a 
sessile  cubital 
fork ;  A,  anal 
vein. 


AG  E.icl^ 

Details  of  Telmatoscopus  rothschildii 

2.  Joints  1  to  4  ;  and  2a,  joints  3  and  4,  in  ^  antenna;,  partly  demxded, 
showing  "  articular  appendages." 

3.  (?  Inferior  genital  appendage  and  its  segmental  base,  denuded,  viewed 
from  the  side  ;  and  3a,  part  of  the  other,  showing  the  tenaculfe  from  another 
stand-point. 

4.  S    Broad-side  of  a  sixperior  genital  appendage  or  gonopod,  partly  denxxded. 

5.  ?  Five  basal  joints  -,  and  oa,  the  last  three  joiixts  of  axx  axxtenna  denuded 
of  hair,  these  last  with  inconspicxxous  articxxlar  appeixdages. 

G.      9    Subgenital  lobe. 

This  species  is  traceable  to  the  section  of  the  genus  Telmatoscopus 
containing  the  two  forms  referred  to  above,  by  the  following  chain  of 
characteristics : — anterior  basal  cell  delimited  in  front  by  the  sectorial 
division  of  the  radial  trunk  alone;  most  of  the  joints  of  the  flagellum 
in  ^  antennae  narrowed  ajiically  into  a  beak  or  neck  ;  base  of  the 
pedicel  of  the  sectorial  fork  free,  or  else  linked  by  a  cross-vein  to  the 
basal  cell ;  nodosities  of  the  last  few  joints  in  the  flagellmn  spaced  by 
beaks  or  necks  ;  inferior  J  genital  appendages  pluri-tenaculate  ;  third 
joint  in  ^  antennae  similar  and  equal  in  length  to  the  fourth,  even  if 
shorter  necked. 


Tlie  secitio     is  characterized  by  : — wings  lanceolate,  apically  acute 


1912.]  9 

at  the  end  of  W'  ;  first  joint  in  anteimai  of  ^  sliorter  than  the  second 
and  third  joints  combined  ;  and  the  nodules  of  most  of  the  joints  of 
the  flagellum  largely  protuberant  on  one  side. 

Short  Diagnosis  of  the  Species  :  differences  in 

WINCt-NEITRATION. 

A.  The  vein  E"   ends  in  3  directly  opposite  the  end  of  Cu-,  but  in  ?  just 

beyond  this. 

Axils  of  the  sectorial  and  median  forks  in  a  direct  transverse  lino  in 
(J  with  the  end  of  vein  A,  but  in    ^^  with  a  point  a  little  beyond  this. 

...94,  advena,  Etn. 

Axils  of  the  aforesaid  forks  in  an  ol)lique  straight  line  sloping  oiit- 
wards  from  the  sectorial  axil  to,  in  S  the  end  of  vein  A,  but  in  ?  ,  to  a 
point  just  beyond  this    95,  rothschildii,  sp.  n. 

B.  The  vein  E'  ends  opposite  or  almost  opposite  the  end  of  Cu.'     Axils  of  the 

aforesaid  forks  in  an  oblique  straight  line  sloping  inwards  from  the 

sectorial  axil  to  a  point  a  little  interior  to  the  middle  of  vein  A 

96,  meridionalis,  Etn. 
The  niunerals  prefixed  to  the  names  are  indices  to  a  series  of  microscopical 
preparations  of  Psychodidse,  niimbered  species  by  species  in  their  systematic 
succession  throughout  the  family,  with  letters  after  the  nmnerals  distinctive  of 
individual  slides,  many  of  the  preparations  being  of  sufficient  importance  to  be 
cited  in  the  manner  of  botanical  typical  exsiccati. 

Telmatoscopus  rothschildii,  sp.  uov. 

Wing-markings  similar  in  style  to  those  of  T.  advena,  but  the  ground-colour 
darker.  Pubescence  of  frons,  vertex  and  thorax  as  far  as  the  wings,  vvhitish, 
but  behind  this  and  on  the  abdomen  almost  sepia  browi.  Wings  blackish  gi-ey, 
with  inconstant  markings  dependent  upon  the  direction  of  light,  fringes  glossed 
with  a  shifting  whitish-flaxen  satiny  lustre,  involving  the  luuneral  tuft  and  tlie 
hair  of  the  alulse,  and  the  tips  of  the  hairs  at  the  ends  of  E  ^  and  A ;  near  the 
dark-outlined  apical  margin,  a  narrow  chevron  of  appressed  distichous  hairs, 
before  tlie  ends  of  the  nervures  from  E^  to  Cu-,  is  similarly  glossed  ;  from  some 
points  of  view  the  ranks  of  bristling  hair  on  E-,  E^  E^  M',  M",  Cu-,  and  A  are 
of  the  gi-ound-coloiir,  with  a  few  whitish  hairs  inclined  outwards  at  their  ends, 
but  from  other  stand-points  they  become  wholly  ^^•hitish  ;  and  by  timiing  al)out, 
small  dark  cuneate  spots  of  divergent  hairs  at  the  ends  of  nervures  become 
visible  just  at  the  margin.  Legs  and  tiliial  fringes  of  a  similar  dark  tint,  with 
a  similar  shifting  whitish  gloss  ;  the  tibia  and  the  first  two  or  more  of  the  tai-sal 
joints,  on  their  exposed  side,  edged  narrowly  at  the  tips  with  snow-white  glossed 
scales,  this  lustre  under  an  olilique  light  gi-owingmore  diif  used  over  the  further 
joints.  Penis  ill-displayed  in  the  preparations.  Length  of  wing,  2  to  2-5  mm. 
Hab.  England;  Hyde  Park,  Loudon  {ButhHchild) ,  Preps.  Etn.  D5 
a.  b.  c?,c.  ?   (15.vii.l910). 

Novemher,  1911. 


10  [January, 

Note  on  two  introduced  s2)ecies  of  Lathridiidfe. — Two  introduced  Lathridiids 
have  recently  come  under  my  notice  :  (1)  Adistemia  watsoni,  Well.  :  several 
living-  examples  of  this  species  were  found  in  the  Geological  Department  of  the 
British  Museum  in  1907.  The  insect  is  probably  of  American  origin,  though 
originally  described  from  Madeira ;  the  other  recorded  localities  for  it  are 
North  America,  Mexico  City,  Chile,  Portugal,  and  France.  An  excellent  figure 
of  A.  watsoni  is  given  by  Dr.  Sharp  in  the  Biol.  Centr.  Am.,  Coleopt.  ii,  pt.  1, 
t.  19,  fig.  5.  The  genus  Adistemia  is  closely  related  to  Cartodere,  and  the  single 
species  belonging  to  it  is  of  peculiar  shape,  the  head  and  prothorax  being  small 
and  naiTOw,  and  the  elytra  very  elongate.  (2)  The  second  species  is  doubtless 
a  form  of  Cartodere  elongata,  Curt.,  with  the  second  and  third  elytral  interstices 
flattened — the  first  (sutui-al)  and  fovirththus  appearing  more  raised  than  usual. 
Amongst  a  very  large  number  of  specimens  of  C.  elongata  taken  by  myself  at 
Ashstead  and  Woking,  from  under  oak  bark  or  from  amongst  freshly  cut  oak 
chips,  there  are  none  quite  like  the  variety  mentioned.  This  latter  was  recently 
taken  in  some  niunbers  by  Dr.  Chapman  in  his  house  at  Reigate,  in  sawdust, 
amongst  which  some  larvaj  from  the  south  of  France  (Amelie-les-Bains)  had 
been  placed  with  their  food-plant  (Goriaria)  for  piipation. — G.  C.  Champion, 
Horsell,  Woking:  December,  1911. 

Oxypoda  soror,  Th.,  and  other  beetles  in  Cumberland. — Towards  the  end  of 
June  last,  I  spent  a  day  on  Saddleback,  a  mountain  I  had  long  planned  to  visit, 
and  had  the  good  fortune  to  take  three  specimens  of  the  rare  0.  soror,  Th.,* 
crawling  about  among  the  short  grass  on  the  svmimit.  This  is  the  first  record 
of  the  species  for  the  county,  and,  perhaps,  for  the  North  of  England,  as  beyond 
Fowler's  Scotch  records  and  the  Forest  of  Dean,  I  cannot  call  to  mind  its  cap- 
tvu-e  elsewhere,  excejit  on  Snowdon  (Ent.  Record,  1906,  p.  242).  On  the  same 
occasion  Anthophagus  alpinus,  Pk.,  was  not  imcommon,  also  Geodromicus  globidi- 
collis,  Mann.,  both  new  to  me,  although  not  to  the  county.  Some  small  pools 
Avere  tenanted  by  Agabics  congener,  Pk.,  Hydroporus  morio,  Dej.,  and  other  sub- 
alpine  species,  and  very  sparingly  by  H.  melanarius,  Sturm,  a  species  I  have 
long  searched  for.  Mr.  G.  B.  Routledge  found  a  specimen  on  HaytonMoss  some 
years  ago,  and  I  know  of  no  other  covmty  record.  Few  other  species  of  interest 
turned  vxp  this  season,  bvit  I  may  mention  a  fine  pair  of  Clytus  arcuatus,  L., 
concei'ning  whose  nationality  I  am  net  quite  sure,  as  Ifoiindthem  in  the  timber 
yard  here,  where  both  Eui-opean  and  British  woods  are  stored.  In  flood  refuse 
Cryptohypnus  quadripustulatus,  ¥.,*  occux'red,  also  C.  maritimus,  Cvirt.,  and 
lately  I  picked  vip  a  specimen  of  Silpha  sinuata,  F.,*  on  a  road.  I  find  among 
my  1910  captures  several  which  have  not  yet  been  recorded  from  Cumberland, 
viz.  : — Dyschirius  thoracicus,  Rossi,*  among  the  Seascale  sand-hills ;  Falagria 
thoracica,  Curt.,*  common  at  roots  of  various  plants,  Seascale  ;  Xenusa  sulcata, 
Kies.,*  two  specimens  in  seaweed,  Seascale ;  Autalia  puncticollis,*  Shp.,  by 
sweeping  long  grass  iinder  trees,  Matterdale ;  A7ithobium  ophthalmicum,  Pk.,* 
Matterdale  ;  Homalota  crassicornis,  Gyll.,*  in  fungi.  Gelt  Woods ;  H.  macrocera, 
Th.,  in  dimg,  Wreay ;  Corticaria  fidva.  Com.,*  in  hay  barn.  Great  Salkeld ; 
Epursea  imm^mda,  Er.*  (as  determined  by  Dr.  Joy),  one  in  carrion  near  Carlisle  ; 
Bruchus  pisi,  L.,*  in  a  mill  in  Carlisle;  Batophila   rubi,  Pk.,*  by  sweeping  in 


u 

1912.] 

Gelt  Woods;  Ch^tocnema  sahlhergi,  Gyll.,*  in  flood  refuse  on  the  Sohvay 
marshes;  C.  kortensis,  Fourc*  Seascale ;  U.nnol>aris  T-allum,  L.,*  on  max.hy 
..round,  Matterdale  (previous  Cuxnberland  records  of  this  species  refer  to  p^t^- 
Iriata,  Steph.,  which  is  the  common  Li.^.o.an.  here)  ;  To.uc.s  -— -' 
Oyll.Xamon,st  fresMy  cutfir  tops,  Durdar.  As  usual  all  new  -nty  -  o^^^ 
a.e  marked  with  an  asterisk.-F.  H.  Day.  26,  Currock  Terrace,  Caxhsle. 
November  4:th,  1911. 

Molytes  ocrmanus,  L.,  and  its  food-plant. -Wl.en  collecting  Colenptcral.st 
July,  near  Hythe,  in  Kent,  I  was  so  fortxmate  as  to  capture  three  examples  ot 
this  insect,  two  of  which  were  in  the  act  of  eating  leaves  of  HemcJeH.n  sp^^ul.- 
liur^r,  the  «  cow-parsnip,"  presumably  the  food-plant  of  the  spec.es.     The  tl^ee 
specimens  were  taken  at  some  distance  apart,  and,  in  each  case,  on  or  neax  this 
plant.     Apparently  the  best  time  to  capture  M.   germanus  -  be  .ween  b  and 
9  a.m.     My  specimens  were  all  taken  between  those  hours,  and  dihgent  s  a.ch 
failed  to  dUver  any  later  in  the  day.     As  I  have  been  -^^le  ^^^^^^^^^^^ 
reference  to  the  food-plant  of  this  species  in  any  of  our  ----^\;*.*^^^-^;;^;; J 
have  thought  this  observation  sufficiently  interesting  to  record.    It  is  ai  o  note- 
worthy that  the  localities  given  by  Canon  Fowler  for  the  species  still  hold  god, 
Hythe  and  Sandgate  being  two  out  of  the  four  given  by  hmi.-K.  M.  Smith, 
44  Allevn  Road,  W.  Dulwich,  S.E. 

'  FThe  only  specimen  of  Molytes  germanus  that  I  have  ever  seen  alive  was 
found  on  a  roadside  plant  of  Heracleum  sphonayliurn,  near  Wye,  Kent,  early  m 
August,  1898.— J.  J.  W.]. 

AdaUions  to  tne  list  of  Coleoptera  of  tUe  ScUly  Islands.-l  spent  the  Ust 
week  of  July   1911.  in  the  Scilly  Islands,  and  during  that  time  picked  up  any 

::tiesth:t"^ 

On  working  tlirough  this  material,  and  comparing  the  result  with  the  lists 

ir^rLt  none  ot  the  species  a™  in  any  way  »«    the  Pe«oo  ^       ' 
nlorded  names  seems  remarkably  high.   The Mteen  add.Uons  are  as  toUo.s . 

«zt  »*««w.,  «»*»s  .Hs,is, «.  <»^-»'.«»»7»:":,f »;;::::;;:• 

SiLes  „a(erk.«..i.  S.  meatus.  S.  ki.p«»te.-K.  G    B.a.h.  -3,  West  H 
Highgate,  N. :  December,  1911. 

ealled  my  attention  to  a  ..cent  artiele  hy  M,-.  H.  C.  DoUman  >n  the  J^ntonwlo 
"  t's  RL.d.-  bringing  forward  the  above  as  a  beetle  new  to  Br>ta.n.    Thrs 


12  [January, 

statement  is,  at  least,  misleading.  Tlic  insect  was  introduced  into  onr  lists 
about  the  year  1864  {vide  Ent.  Ann.,  I860),  under  the  name  of  S.  littoralis. 
Thorns.,  and  is  mentioned  by  Fowler  (Brit.  Col.  ii,  343)  iinder  the  name  of 
S.  crassus,  Steph.,  var.  littoralis,  Thoms.  The  eri-or  in  describing  it  as  new  to 
Britain  is  the  more  remarkable,  as  the  1906  European  Catalogue,  and  also 
Ganglbauer  himself,  from  whose  work  the  specimen  referred  to  appears  to  have 
been  originally  named,  both  give  littoralis,  Thoms.,  as  a  synonym  of  formice- 
torum,  Mann. — E.  A.  Newbery,  13,  Oppidans  Koad,  N.W. :  December  Hth,  1911. 

Olophrum  nicholsoni,  Donisth.,  in  Scotland. — When  examining  some  flood 
rubbish  sent  to  me  a  short  time  ago  from  Dalwhinnie,  Inverness-shire  (elev. 
1100  ft.),  I  came  across  an  Olophrum  which  I  thought  from  its  general  aspect 
when  alive  was  0.  consimile,  Gyll.,  a  species  I  have  twice  taken  in  moss  brought 
from  the  siunmit  of  Ben  Wyvis,  Eoss-shire.  On  closer  examination,  the  hind 
angles  of  the  thorax  proved  to  be  entire,  and  the  specimen  is  evidently  a  large 
dark  form  of  0.  nicholsoni,  Donisth.  This  is  a  particularly  noteworthy  capture, 
as  the  latter  species  has,  so  far,  only  been  recorded  from  Wicken  Fen,  and  it  is 
of  some  interest  to  note  that  the  insect  is  apterous.  I  took  a  few  examples  of 
0.  fuscum,  Grav.,  some  years  ago  from  Sphagnum  in  this  neighoiirhood,  a 
locality  many  miles  further  south  than  any  hitherto  recorded.  It  has  been 
suggested  that  0.  nicholsoni  is  only  an  extreme  form  of  0.  fuscum.  It  appears 
to  me,  from  external  structiire  alone,  to  be  an  abundantly  distinct  species,  and 
a  dissection  of  the  aedeagus  confirms  this  opinion.  Although  this  organ  only 
differs  slightly  in  the  three  species,  0.  piceum,  0.  fuscum,  and  0.  nicholsoni,  I 
think  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  these  differences  are  specific. — Norman  H. 
Jot,  Bradfield,  Berks:  December  '7th,  1911. 

Coleoptera  at  Ealing,  1911.— Two  or  three  evenings  diu'ing  the  summer 
I  joru-neyed  Ealing-wards,  principally  with  the  idea  of  again  working  at  the 
Cossus-infected  trees.  Most  of  the  species  typical  of  this  habitat  and  locality 
were  again  observed,  and  several  others  not  heretofore  noticed  around  Ealing. 
On  June  20th  I  re-visited  the  infested  jDoplar  in  Edge  Hill  Road,  when 
among  the  Tachinus  bipustulatxis,  F.,  I  picked  out  one  or  two  Tachinus  scapu- 
laris,  Steph.,  not  before  recorded  as  addicted  to  Cossus  trees,  I  believe.  On 
June  26th  I  discovered  an  old  long-infested  poplar  on  Ealing  Common ;  this 
tree  was  partially  hollowed  out,  the  interior  contained  a  qi;antity  of  larval 
i"ejectanienta,  old  cocoons,  and  wood-)noukl.  Tachimis  bipustulatxis  and  both 
species  of  Thamiarssa  were  the  principal  occupants.  But  I  also  found  Qnedius 
ventralis,  Ahr.,  several ;  Philonthus  fuscus,  Gr.,  several ;  and  one  Hister  merda- 
rius,  Hoffm.  Prognatha  q^iadricornis,  Kirb.,  was  noticed  under  loose  bark  of  this 
tree.  June  27th  found  me  at  Peri  vale,  by  the  side  of  the  Kiver  Brent :  here  I 
came  across  a  somewhat  recently  infected  ash.  From  the  small  patches  of 
exuding  Cossus  aliments  and  tree-sap,  by  very  careful  manipulation,  I  secured 
a  nice  series  of  Silusa  rubiginosa,  Er.  Under  small  pieces  of  bark,  I  took  one 
specimen  of  Opilo  mollis,  L.,  and  Hypophlceus  bicolor,  01.,  apparently  in  no  way 
interested  in  the  Cossus  burrows  or  exudations.  I  submit  these  records  as 
being  of  interest  on  account  of  the  very  suburban  nature  of  the  locality  con- 
cerned.— Hereward  C.  Dollman,  Hove  House,  Bedford  Park:  December,  1911. 


1912.]  13 

Oxytelus  snulryi,  PatuL,  nt  Harnnc. — In  Janiuiry  I  secured  a  short  series  of 
0.  saulcyi  from  moles'  nests,  in  tlie  Harrow  Weald.  Choleva  /uliginosa,  Er., 
was  taken  from  some  of  the  same  nests.— Here\v.\rd  C.  Dollman. 

Bledhis  fracticomis,  Pk.,  near  London. — By  siftino^  flood-refuse  from  the 
River  Thames  at  Kew,  durinij  mid- winter,  I  took  this  Bledius  very  sparingly. — 
Herbward  C.  Dollman. 

A  Notodo7itid  attacked  hij  a  wasp. — With  reference  to  the  interesting  notes 
by  Mr.  J.  C.  Eales  White  on  p.  260  of  the  Novemlier  number  of  this  Magazine, 
I  do  not  i-emember  to  have  met  with  any  record  of  wasps  attacking  Lepidoptera. 
At  the  end  of  July  last,  while  entomologizing  in  the  woods  near  Heidelberg,  my 
attenticm  was  drawn  to  a  fliittering  object  on  the  path.  On  examination  it  proved 
to  be  a  large  moth  hehl  seciirely  from  escape  by  a  wasp.  The  moth  had  evidently 
got  the  worst  of  the  struggle.  The  wasp  I  removed  and  killed.  The  moth, 
rather  damaged  by  the  fight,  was  found  to  have  a  wound  in  the  abdomen,  and 
died  shortly  afterwards.  It  was  a  Notodonta,  probably  dromedarius,  but  specific 
identity  is  a  little  uncertain  owing  to  its  damaged  condition. — E.  O.  Croft, 
28,  Clarendon  Road,  Leeds:  November  8ni,  11)11. 

Hemiptera  in  Dorset  and  Swccej/.— During  June  and  July,  1911,  Salda 
marginalis,  Fall.,  was  verj'  abundant  on  Studlaud  Heath,  Dorset,  in  fact  so 
abundant  that  I  took  .!()  in  ten  minutes.  They  were  crawling  about  on  patches 
of  damp  sand,  and  were  very  easily  captured  as  they  seldom  seemed  to  jiunp  or 
run  very  fast.  In  August,  I  swept  the  Centaurea  on  the  Hog's  Back  above 
Compton,  but  only  managed  to  find  about  fiftj"  Oncotylus  viridijlamis,  Goeze. 
Probably  I  was  too  late  for  them,  as  I  could  find  no  larvae,  whereas  last  year  all 
stages  were  abundant.  I  might  mention  also  that  Gonocerus  venator.  Fab.,  was 
not  unconmion  on  Box  Hill  at  the  end  of  August. — H.  A.  Saunders,  B.A., 
Brookfield  House  School,  Swanage :  December,  1911. 

Athysanus  sejungendus,  Kh.,  and  its  food-plant. — In  August,  19()7,  while 
collecting  at  the  estuary  of  the  Yar  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  I  took  a  few  speci- 
mens of  an  Athysanus  which,  though  allied  to  A.  ohsoletus,  Kb.,  were  evidently 
different  from  any  recorded  Britisli  species.  They  were  subsequently  identified 
by  Mr.  Jas.  Edwards  as  A.  sejnngendus,  Kb.  (see  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  xliv,  p.  ")9).  I 
was  not  able  at  that  time  to  determine  the  food-plant,  and  could  only  record 
that  it  was  a  salt-marsh  insect.  Kirschbaum,  moreover,  gives  no  information 
as  to  the  nature  of  its  habitat.  But  daring  August,  1911,  I  was  able  to  pay 
another  visit  to  Yarmouth,  when  I  succeeded  in  tracing  the  insect  to  its  food- 
plant  ;  I  fovmd  it  also  at  Lymington,  Hants,  in  the  utmost  jirofusion.  It  lives 
on  SpaHina  stricta.  Roth,  a  gi-ass  that  grows  on  mud-flats  which  are  regularly 
covered  with  water,  at  least  at  high  tide ;  these  flats  form  in  many  places  the 
seaward  boundary  of  the  Lymington  Salterns.  At  all  parts  of  this  area  that 
were  acc<\ssihl(>,  T  fouml  the  insect  in  great  abundance.  The  J  <?  were  mostly 
over,  and  theii  dead  bodies,  either  entire  or  in  fragments,  were  to  be  found  iu 


X4  [Jamiary, 

iuiinlx>rs  amongst  the  tidal  refuse.  The  9  ?  were  in  prime  condition.  They 
vary  much  in  colour,  some  being  quite  pale,  and  others,  through  the  filling  in  of 
the  areas  on  the  elytra  with  the  characteristic  spots  of  the  genus,  very  dark, 
the  state  of  affairs  being  in  fact  vex-y  similar  to  what  obtains  in  A.  obsoletus,  the 
var.  piceus  of  which  could  almost  be  pax'alleled  amongst  those  of  A.  sejungendus. 
Some  specimens  show  a  slight  lioary  incrustation  like  the  bloom  on  a  plum. 
As  the  food-plant  is  a  very  local  species,  the  insect  may  be  expected  to  be  the 
same,  though  like  the  plant,  abundant  where  it  occiu's.  —  E.  A.  Butler, 
56,  Cecile  Park,  Crouch  End,  N.:  November  29th,  1911. 

Orthoptera  in  Devon  and  Cornwall,  1911. — Sweeping  at  Widemouth  Bay, 
near  Bixde,  North  Cornwall,  during  Airgust,  proved  very  successful.  Thamno- 
trizon  cinereus,  L.  (Olyntlioscelis  griseo-aptera,  De  G.),  was  abundant  in  thick 
herbage  close  to  hedges,  and  Leptophyes  punctatissima,  B.  d'A.,  still  more  so  in 
similar  conditions.  Long  series  of  both  Tettix  bipunctatus,  L.,  and  Tettix  suhu- 
latus,  L.,  were  also  taken  in  the  short  grass  of  two  fields  only.  They  were  veiy 
local  and  possessed  the  usixal  varieties  of  colour,  from  white  to  almost  black. 
A  specimen  of  T.  bipunctatus  was  taken  at  Plympton,  near  Plymouth,  early  in 
September.  Locusta  viridissima,  L.  was  uncommon  at  Bude.  I  only  took  one 
pair.  Stenobothrus  hicolor  and  parallelus  were,  of  course,  everywhere.  On 
October  1st  Mr.  Hodgson,  Curator  of  the  Plymouth  Museixm,  took  a  fine  speci- 
men of  Platycleis  grisea,  Fabr.,  at  Tregantle,  near  Plymouth,  on  the  cliffs 
(sandy  soil).  The  only  records  for  the  district  are  Torquay  (at  sugar),  1899, 
and  Dawlish.  Mr.  J.  H.  Keys  lias  taken  the  "  wild  "  cockroach,  Ectobia  panzeri, 
Stepli.,  again  this  year  on  the  Tregantle  and  Whitsands  cliffs. — C.  W.  Bracken, 
B.A.,  5,  Carfrae  Terrace,  Plymouth. 

[The  following  west-country  captures  of  my  own  may  be  added :  T.  cin- 
ereus,  not  ixncommonly,  near  Seaton,  in  September,  1910,  and  at  Lynmouth, 
in  September,  1907  ;  and  L.  viridissima,  at  Dawlish,  and  E.  panzeri  at  Dawlish 
and  Slapton,  in  August,  1907.— G.  C.  C.]. 

Sympetrum  fonscolombii,  Selys,  in  Scotland. — I  see  from  the  report  of  October 
meeting  of  Entomological  Sociifty  of  London,  given  in  the  November  number  of 
this  Magazine  (p.  267),  that  Mr.  W.  J.  Lucas  met  with  this  dragon-fly  in  some 
nrunbers  in  the  New  Forest,  Hampshire,  during  August  last.  Its  simultaneous 
occurrence  in  Scotland,  as  shown  by  the  following  records,  is  a  fact  of  much 
interest,  and  proves,  I  think,  that  this  country  has  again  been  visited  by  part  of 
a  migx-atory  swarm.  The  Scottish  specimens  which  I  liave  to  x-ecoi'd  ax-e  : — (1) 
a  S  taken  near  Aberlady,  Haddingtoxishire,  on  30th  July,  by  Mr.  J.  W.  Bowhill ; 
(2)  a  ?  caught  by  a  boy  in  Edixibvirgh  on  11th  August ;  and  (3)  a  ?  captured 
by  myself  on  the  Isle  of  May,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Firth  of  Forth,  on  17th  August. 
I  have  shown  (1)  and  (3)  to  Mr.  K.  J.  Morton,  who  coxifirms  the  idexxtification. 
For  the  x-ecord  of  Nximber  2,  which  is  ixx  the  collection  of  the  Royal  Scottish 
Musexun,  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  P.  H.  Grinxshaw.  Besides  those  we  secured, 
others  were  seen  by  both  Mr.  Bowhill  and  nxyself. — William  Evans,  Morning- 
side  Park,  Edinburgh  :  December  6th,  1911. 


1912.] 


(ibituaiiu. 

Frank  Wray  Terry. — Wo  regret  to  have  to  chronicle  the  death  of  Frank 
Wray  Terry,  which  took  place  at  New  York  on  November  8th.  He  was  born  at 
Battersea  on  February  14th,  1877.  From  his  earliest  days  he  took  an  interest 
in  Natural  History,  and  used  freqvxently  to  visit  the  Natural  History  Museum, 
and  at  home  kept  many  strange  pets.  In  1892  he  was  appointed  to  the  Insect 
Eoom  in  the  Miiseum,  and  worked  undei'  Mr.  Watorhouse.  He  soon  became 
very  efficient  in  preparing-  specimens  for  exhibition,  and  some  of  the  best 
mounts  in  the  insect  gallery  are  the  work  of  his  hands.  He  gained  a  very  good 
general  knowl(>dge  of  insects,  and  by  no  means  neglected  otlier  objects  of 
Natiiral  History.  In  1903  an  opportvuiity  occui-red  for  him  to  go  with  the  late 
Gr.  W.  Kirkaldy  to  undertake  entomological  research  work  in  connection  with 
the  Sugar  Planters'  Association  in  the  Hawaiian  Islands.  Here  he  did  much 
useful  work  in  tracing  o\it  the  life  histories  of  various  pests,  a  task  for  which 
he  was  peculiarly  fitted.  After  eight  years'  absence  he  returned  home  on 
leave.  He  was  not  in  good  health,  as  he  was  suffering  from  an  ulcerated 
stomach,  but  lu^  was  anxioiis  to  return  to  his  duties,  and  it  was  on  his  way  out 
that  he  became  very  ill,  and  was  obliged  to  stay  with  a  relative  in  New  York, 
his  death  occurring  a  few  days  after  liis  arrival  there.  He  was  buried  at 
Oxford.  He  became  a  Fellow  of  the  Enttmiological  Society  in  1910.  He  was 
unmarried. 


Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society  .-  Meeting  held  at 
Royal  Institution,  Colquitt  Street,  Liverpool,  November  20th,  1911. — Dr.  John 
Cotton  in  the  Chair. 

Dr.  F.  P.  Tinne  read  a  paper  on  "  The  Application  of  the  Lumi^re  Process 
of  Colour  Photography  to  Entomology,"  and  in  the  course  of  a  most  interesting 
address,  oxliibited  a  number  of  colour-iiortraits  of  Lepidoptera  in  their  native 
haunts,  as  well  as  pictures  of  places  he  had  visited  when  in  the  pursuit  of  insects. 
It  is  quite  evident  that  there  is  a  great  future  for  this  class  of  work  as  soon  as 
coloured  prints  can  be  taken  direct  from  the  negatives.  Mr.  Robert  Tait,  Jr., 
exhiliited  a  fine  lot  of  insects  from  Braeniar,  the  results  of  his  siunmer  holiday, 
whicli  was  spent  in  tliat  locality.  These  included  a  very  fine  series  of  Plusia 
interrogationis,  Dasydia  ob/uscaria,  Coenonympha  tiphon,  Zygxna  exuUms,  Nemeo- 
phila  plantaginis,  and  var.  hospita,  the  last  being  obtained  as  a  partial  second 
brood  in  October.  Varied,  but  smaller,  series  of  the  following  were  also  shown : — 
Cidaria  populata,  C.  immanata ,  Coremia  vitmitata,  Larentia  cxsiata,  and  Fidonia 
brunneata.  Mr.  Tait  further  contributed  an  interesting  account  of  his  holiday, 
with  remarks  upon  the  variation,  etc.,  of  the  insects  captured.  Mr.  Wm.  Mans- 
bridge,  a  series  of  Polia  rhi,  taken  in  the  Huddersfield  district  on  .Vugust  Bank 
Holiday,  comprising  the  melanic  forms  for  whicli  tliat  neighbourhood  is  famous. 
— OscAK  Whittakek  and  Wm.  Mansbridge,  Hon.  Secretaries. 


IQ  [January, 

The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  : 
Thursdinj,  November  dth,  1<)11.— Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye,F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  H.  Pat;-e,  F.E.S.,  of  New  Cross,  and  Mr.  W.  S.  Coxliead,  of  Clapton, 
were  elected  Members. 

Mr.  South,  on  behalf  of  the  Eev.  A.  P.  Waller,  exhibited  a  series  of  a 
Leucania  reared  from  ova  laid  by  a  5  L.  favicolor,  half  of  which  are  distinctly 
L.  'pallens,  the  rest  agree  with  the  parent  or  are  intermediate,  and  nunierons 
captured  examples  for  comparison.  Mr.  Newman,  a  long-  series  of  P^jrameis 
cardui,  bred  from  ova  and  fed  up  in  a  hot-house.  The  ?  was  captiu-ed  at 
Folkestone  on  Sej^tember  2nd,  and  the  last  imago  appeared  on  October  16th. 
Mr.  Kaye,  bred  specimens  of  Rumicia  pMseas,  forced  in  a  hot-house  from  ova. 
Mr  Andrews,  the  local  DipteraSi/J'^j/ms  vittiger,  S.  line.ola,  and  Sciomyza  simplex 
from  North  Kent.  Mr.  Adkin,  specimens  of  Peronea  va^'iegaviataken  in  orreai'ed 
from  his  own  garden,  including-  a  second  brood  example  on  October  6th.  Mr. 
Tonge  and  Mr.  Colthrup,  series  and  specimens  of  Xylina  socia  (petrifcata)  and 
X.  semibninnea  for  comparison.  One  specimen  of  the  latter  species  was  from  the 
New  Forest.  Mr.  Moore,  specimens  of  the  tsetse  flies  {Glossina)  from  the  Lake 
Chad  area,  and  read  notes  on  them.  Mr.  Buckstone,  series  of  Brenthis  selene 
from  Surrey,  one  small  and  dark  from  liigh  ground,  gravel  overlying  chalk, 
mainly  in  July ;  the  other  large  and  light,  on  low  marshy  ground  clay,  mainly 
in  June.  Mr.  Carr,  a  large  number  of  Lepidoptera  taken  in  Shropshire  during 
1910.  Mr.  Sich,  specimens  of  Lithocolletis  stettinensis  from  Oxshott.  Mr.  Tonge, 
lantern  slides  of  imagines,  shortly  after  emergence,  of  species  of  the  genus  Mgeria. 
(Sesia),  and  also  the  ova.  Mr.  J.  P.  Barrett,  lantern  slides  of  collecting  grovinds 
around  Mt.  Etna.  Mr.  Main,  lantern  slides  showing  details  of  the  life-history 
and  economy  of  a  common  millepede. 

Thursday,  November  23rd. — Annual  Exhibition  of  Varieties,  &c. 

The  Rev.  F.  D.  Morice,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  was  elected  a  Member. 

Mr.  South  exhibited  an  extreme  melanic  aberration  of  Brenthis  selene,  a 
dark-banded  Ej-ihyra  linearia,  Rumicia  phlseas  v.  eleus,  R.  phlxas  v.  schmidtii,  a 
fine  series  of  varieties  of  Leptogramma  literana,  &c.  Mr.  R.  Adkin,  two  series  of 
aberrations  of  Abraxas  gross^dariata — (a)  from  wild  larvas,  (b)  from  inbreeding, 
a  Zonosoma  orbicnlaria  with  the  whole  of  the  wings  of  a  rich  red-brown,  &c. 
Mr.  Blenkarn,  varied  series  of  Amorpha  populi  and  Bupalus  piniaria,  and  a 
Brenthis  selene,  almost  devoid  of  transverse  markings.  Mr.  Newman,  a  series  of 
Mellinia  ocellaris,  including  the  forms  similar  to  M.  gilvago  and  Citria  tulvago, 
a  large  number  of  the  more  striking  varieties  from  the  "  Capper "  collection,  a 
lemon-tipped  ab.  of  Euchloc  carda^nines,  a  Brenthis  euphrosyne  with  black  hind- 
wings,  a  Pyrameis  cardui  with  apex  of  forewings  largely  black,  fine  abs.  of 
Agriades  coridon,  &c.  Mr.  A.  Quarrington,  Pyrameis  cardui,  with  conspicuous 
blue  spots,  a  yellow  Polygonia  c-album,  A.  coridon  with  large  confluent  spots, 
R.  phlseas  with  almost  obsolete  marginal  bands,  etc.  Mr.  Bright,  a  drawer  con- 
taining all  the  finest  extreme  varieties  from  the  collection  of  the  late  Mr.  J.  A. 
Clarke,  and  a  drawer  of  varieties  of  Amorpha  populi,  inclviding  a  magnificent 
gynandi-omorph.     Mr.  Tiu-ner,  a  series  of  Erebia  vethiops  from  Scotch  (v.  cale- 


1912.]  ]^7 

donia)  and  many  Continental  localities,  a  long  series  of  Lupcnna  nickerlii, 
including  a  fine  series  of  the  gueneei  race  from  Mr.  Baxter  (St.  Annes-on-Sea), 
a  set  of  the  E.  Pyrenean  race  graslini  from  M.  Oberthiir,  and  the  type  form  from 
Bohemia;  many  forms  of  L.  testacea  kindly  sent  him  by  the  same  gentleman 
from  France  and  Algeria,  together  with  a  number  of  L.  dumerilii  from  the  same 
localities.  Mr.  Main,  long  and  finc^  series  of  Boarmia  repandata,  bred  by  the 
late  Mr.  Harrison  and  himself,  the  results  of  crossing  the  dark  and  conversaria 
forms.  The  Rev.  F.  D.  Morice,  the  smallest  known  bee,  Ceratina  parvula,  and 
the  largest  bee,  Xylocopa  sp.  ?,  Gill)ert  White's  "Hoop-shaver  bee,"  Anthidium 
mankaliim,  the  famous  "  upholsterer  bee,"  Osmia papaveris,  and  a  Mediterranean 
snail-shell  inhabiting  bee,  OsrHia,/'ercw(/irtea,  together  with  micro-photogi'aphs  of 
the  "  saws "  of  the  saw-fly  genus  Dolarus.  The  Rev.  J.  E.  Tarbat,  Gnophos 
obscitrata  from  many  localities,  including  ochreous  and  almost  black  forms  from 
the  same  place,  Budleigh  Salterton.  Mr.  Barnett,  a  fine  varied  series  of 
Apamca  leucostigma  and  v.  fibrosa  from  the  Fen  District.  Mr.  Schooling,  a 
second  brood  of  Arctia  caja,  with  only  an  imperfect  narrow  fascia  and  a  few 
apical  and  costal  spots  of  cream  coloiir  on  the  fore-wings.  Mr.  Colthrup,  a  very 
long  series  of  this  year's  Colias  hyale  from  E.  Kent.  Mr.  H.  B.  Smith,  a  Mcla- 
nippe  montatiata,  almost  white;  Catocala  mipta,-w\th  smoky  brown  hind  wings; 
three  Agrius  convolmli  from  Warlingham,  with  specimens  of  Phryxus  livornica, 
Sierrha  sacriu-ia,  Laphygma  exigua,  I'lusia  )ii,  and  a  series  of  J'olia  xanthoinista, 
Rumicia  phleas,  including  a  partial  v.  schmidtii,  all  from  S.  Cornwall  in  Sep- 
tember last.  Mr.  Sich,  the  Gelechiid,  Argyritis  pictella,  which  used  to  occur  on 
Barnes  Connnon  ;  and  for  Mr.  Green,  Deprcssaria  putridella  from  its  N.  Kent 
habitat.  Mr.  W.  G.  Blair,  teratological  specimens,  Mimas  tilix,  asymmetrical 
Carahus  catenidatxis,  with  reflexed  margins  of  thorax  excised,  and  Pimclia 
fornicata,  right  antenna  doubly  branched,  and  for  Mr.  W.  N.  Blair,  examples  of 
the  Medicinal  Leech  from  the  New  Forest.  Mr.  Tonge,  stereoscopic  slides  of 
lepidopterous  ova  in  sitil,  wild,  laid  with  specimens  of  the  imagines,  genera 
Trochilium  and  Mgeria,  and  also  varied  bred  series  of  Cidaria  truncata  {russata) 
and  Lohophora  viretata.  Mr.  Pratt,  an  extreme  dark  margined  form  of  Ephyra 
pendularia.  Mr.  Baiunann,  Hydriomena  furcata  (sordidata)  bred,  from  Surrey, 
with  a  black  series  from  Manchester,  very  pale  Dianthcecia  carpophaga  from  the 
Sussex  Coast,  &g.  Mr.  Scorer,  aberrations  of  R.  phlxas  long-tailed,  spotless 
underside,  P.  machaon  heavily  banded,  Euchlo'c  cardamines  witli  white  streak 
tlirough  the  orange  patch,  f'orthcsia  similis  with  black-edged  costa,  Callimorpha 
dominuhi  with  rounded  wings,  /'.  napi  (J  heavily  spotted,  &c.  Mr.  St.  Aubyn, 
two  ab.  Jlava  of  A.  filipendulx  from  Coulsdon.  The  Rev.  F.  M.  B.  Carr,  a  collec- 
tion made  in  Mid- Wales  last  June,  including  Plusia  interrogationis,  a  fine  varied 
series,  Acidalia  fumata,  Agrotis  lucernea,  &.c.  Mr.  Andi'ews,  dwarf  Diptera, 
Bombylins  major,  Eristalis  pertinax,  and  Chrysochlamys  cuprea,  and  for  Mr. 
Barraud,  a  teratological  specimen  of  Spilogaster  xiliginosa  with  missing  4th 
longitudinal  vein.  Mr.  Stanley  Edwards,  Papilionidse :  P.  policenes,  and  allied 
P.  lurlinus  and  P.  nyassinus  from  Africji,  compared  with  P.  ajax  and  P.  mar- 
cellus,  American.  Mr  Piatt  Barrett,  ^  and  ?  comparisons  of  British  and 
Sicilian  butterflies,  G.  rhamni  and  G.  clenpatra,  Hipparchia  semele  and  v.  algirica, 
E.jurtina  v.  hispxUla,  and  v.fortunata,  a  long  series  of  Euchloe  damonc,  sets  of 

B 


18  [Januai-y, 

geographical  forms  of  Melananjia  fjalathea,  British,  Alpine,  Appeiinine,  Cala- 
brian,  Sicilian,  at  varioiis  elevations,  &c.  Mr.  Barnett,  for  Mr.  Cannot,  a 
Wheeleria  spilodactyla,  Freshwater,  with  no  cleft  in  fore-wings,  and  one  only  in 
hindwings.  Mr.  Pickett,  results  of  breeding  Angerona  prunaria  vmder  coloured 
muslins,  red,  pink,  orange,  yellow,  and  cream,  with  green  pattern,  and  abt-rra- 
tional  scries  of  M.  galathea,  Agriades  coridon  {semisyngrapha,  ohsoleta,  striata, 
minor),  &c.  Mr.  Sheldon,  European  Diurni,  taken  by  himself  in  the  Eiviera, 
S.  Spain,  Digne,  &c.,  inchiding  fine  series  of  Zegris  eupheme  v.  meridionalis, 
Thais  rumi^ia  v.  canteneri,  v.  medesicaste,  and  ab.  honoratii,  Araschnia  levana  v. 
prorsa,  and  v.  porima,  &c.  Mr.  Frisby,  nearly  all  the  species  of  British  bees  in 
the  genera  Andrena  and  Cilissa.  Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye,  a  drawer  of  species  of  Synto- 
midx  he  had  taken  at  flowers  in  S.  Brazil,  and  gave  notes  on  their  habits. — 
Ht.  J.  Turner,  Hon.  Secretary. 


Entomolocjical  Society  of  London  :  Wednesday,  November  IHth,  191 1. — The 
Rev.  F.   D.  MoRiCE,  M.A.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Rev.  Samiiel  Proudfoot,  6,  Lyme  Grove,   Altrincham,  Cheshire,  was 
elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Society. 

Commander  Walker  exhibited  thi-ee  specimens  of  Phsedrophilus  o'connori, 
Broun,  a  large  and  handsome  weevil  from  Mount  Quoin,  Kaitoke,  South  Island, 
New  Zealand.  The  specimens  were  taken  by  Mr.  G.  V.  Hudson,  F.E.S.,  of 
Wellington,  N.Z.,  at  an  elevation  of  3,900  feet,  in  December,  1910.  Commander 
Walker  also,  a  specimen  of  the  rare  Tortrix,  Phalonia  (Eupoecilia)  implicitana., 
Wocke,  taken  by  Mr.  H.  G.  Champion  at  Shorcham,  Sussex,  August,  1911. 
Mr.  W.  C.  Crawley,  a  9  and  a  $  of  Leptothorax  tuherum,  Fabr.,  subspecies 
coriicalis,  Schenk,  new  to  Britain,  found  with  two  larvae  in  an  empty  beech- 
nut at  Pangbourne,  Berks,  April  24,  1904.  Mr.  N.  S.  Sennett,  some  Coc- 
cinellids,  Chilocorus  hipustulatus,  L.,  as  found  on  Mimosa  trees  at  Mont  Estoril 
in  Portugal,  together  with  the  small  exudations  of  gum,  presenting  what  appeared 
to  be  a  remarkable,  though  hitherto  unrecorded,  case  of  Protective  Mimicry.  Mr. 
L.  W.  Newman  showed  a  long  series  of  Pyrameis  cardui,hred  from  ?  V  captured 
at  Folkestone  on  September  2nd  last.  Ova  were  laid  at  once  and  placed  in  a  hot- 
house kept  at  about  80  degrees ;  they  hatched  on  September  7th,  and  the  larvae 
fed  up  very  rapidly  on  stinging  nettle,  the  first  pupating  on  September  30th. 
Imagines  started  to  emerge  about  a  week  later,  and  all  were  out  by  October  16th. 
Mr.  H.  W.  Andrews  exhibited  two  rare  species  of  Diptcra  from  North  Kent,  viz., 
Syrjjhus  lincola,  Ztt.,  a  <?,  taken  at  Bexley  on  July  8th,  and  Sciomyza  simplex, 
Fin.,  both  sexes,  taken  in  the  Thames  Marshes  on  June  23rd  and  July  1st,  all 
in  the  present  year.  Mr.  J.  E.  Collin  remarked  that  he  had  only  taken  the  latter 
species  at  Ringwood  and  in  Suffolk.  Mr.  E.  A.  Cockayne,  a  Geometer  taken  at 
Tongue,  Sutherland,  July  oth,  190G,  closely  resembling  Cidaria  (Dysstroma) 
concinnata,  Stoph.,  specimens  of  which  were  placed  below  for  comparison.  Mr. 
J.  Piatt  Barrett,  a  drawer  of  Melanargia  f;a?ai/i.ea  containing  English  specimens, 
specimens  from  the  Alps,  from  the  Appennines,  from  Calabria,  and  from  Sicily, 
including  var.  procida  and  var.  ayracusana,  Zell.     Mr.  A.  E.  Tonge,  a  very  fine 


1012.]  19 

Mygale  from  Californiii.  Mr.  J.  K.  le  B.  Tonilin  sliowwd  ii  specimen  which  he 
said  was  not  strictly  an  entomological  exhil)it,  l)iit  from  its  curious  resomblance 
to  a  caterpillar  might  be  of  momentary  interest  to  Fellows.  It  was  in  reality  a 
species  of  West  Indian  oyster  (Ostrea  frons,  L.)  which  attaches  itself  to  twigs. 
Pi-ofessor  Poiilton  remarked  that  both  this  and  the  Coccinellid  exhibited  by  Mr. 
Sennett  were  probably  cases  of  accidental  resemblance.  Professor  E.  B.  Poulton 
exhibited  the  following  specimens  of  insects  captured  as  prey,  sent  to  him  by  ' 
Mr.  C.  F.  M.  Swynnerton,  from  the  outskirts  (3,800  feet)  of  Chirinda  Forest, 
Gazaland,  S.  E.  Rhodesia.  (1)  The  female  form  hippocoon  of  Papilio  dardanus 
cenen,  Stoll,  rescued,  September  8th,  1911,  by  one  of  his  native  collectors  from 
a  M'lanje  Bulbul  {Phyllostrephus  milanjensis).  The  head  was  wanting,  and 
there  were  symmetrical  injiu-ies  at  the  anal  angle  of  the  hind-wings  similar  to 
those  so  often  seen  in  living  butterflies.  (2)  Two  wings  of  Precis  archesia,  Cr., 
and  the  fragments  of  a  Blattid,  probably  of  the  genus  Deropeltis,  taken 
June  25th,  1911,  fi-om  a  spider's  web.  Professor  Poulton  also,  specimens  showing 
instances  of  mimiciy,  sent  by  Mr.  J.  C.  Moulton  from  Sarawak,  and  read  Mr. 
Moulton's  account  of  them,  wished  to  acknowledge  the  kind  help  he  had  received 
from  Mr.  C.  J.  Gahan,  who  had  compared  several  of  the  Coleoptem  with  the  types, 
and  liad  described  one  new  species  of  Daphisia.  Professor  Poixlton,  six  male  ex- 
amples of  a  remarkable  Lycfenid,  all  captured,  November  22nd,  1910,  in  the  Uhehe 
District  (3,000—3,500  feet)  of  German  East  Africa,  by  Mr.  S.  A.  Neave,  F.E.S. 
The  pattern  and  lirilliant  colours,  which  were  extraordinary  in  a  Lycssnid, 
strongly  suggested,  on  both  upper  and  under  surface,  the  appearance,  although 
on  a  smaller  scale,  of  an  Acrsea  of  the  type  of  A.  anemosa,  Hew.  Mr.  Stanley 
Edwards,  a  specimen  of  Oxynopterus  audouini,  a  beetle  from  Borneo,  with 
abnormal  antennae,  apparently  gynandromorphic,  and  explained  that  Mr.  Gahan 
had  dissected  it  and  found  the  genitalia  to  be  entirely  9  .  Mr.  H.  C.  Dollman, 
the  following  species  of  Coleoptera .- — Philonthus  intennedius,  Boisd.,  ab.  donis- 
thorpei,  tollman,  described  in  the  Ent.Rec,  December,  1910;  Stenusfonnicetoruin, 
Mann.,  introduced  as  British  in  the  Ent.  Rec,  April,  1911  ;  Bemb-ldium  quadri- 
pustulatum,  Dj.,  an  example  from  Ditchling,  Sussex,  August  17th,  1911 ;  Hypo- 
phloeus  linearis,  F.,  retaken  at  Oxshott,  in  July  of  this  year  ;  a  species  hitherto 
taken  in  (ireat  Britain  only  in  Surrey,  at  Oxshott  and  Woking  ;  Mycetoporiis 
forticornis,  Fauv.,  one  specimen  from  the  New  Forest,  with  M.  clavicornis, 
Steph.,  for  comparison;  Philonthus  corruscus,  Gr.,  taken  from  a  dead  rabbit  at 
Ditchling;  Stenus  morio,  Gr.,  from  Ditchling,  taken  in  October,  1910.  Mr.  H. 
Eltringham,  a  bred  series  of  Acrxa  orestia.  Hew.,  containing  the  typical  form, 
and  also  the  A.  humilis  of  Miss  E.  M.  Sharpe,  thus  demonstrating  the  truth  of  the 
conclusion  at  which  he  had  previously  arrived  as  to  the  specific  identity  of  these 
two  forms.  He  also  showed  three  <?  black  and  yellow  Acrasas,  one  of  which  was 
the  A.  ci reels  of  Drury  from  S.  Leone.  The  other  two,  while  differing  in  appear- 
ance from  A.  circeis,  were  themselves  exactly  alike,  but  for  the  fact  that  the  two 
tai-sal  claws  of  the  second  and  third  pairs  of  feet  were  equal  and  similar  in  one 
specimen  and  unequal  and  dissimilar  in  the  other.  A  long  and  interesting 
discussion  followed  on  the  question  of  the  importance  of  the  tarsal  claws  as  a 
means  of  specific  distinction,  and  on  the  possible  correlation  of  unev(;n  claws  in 
the  <J ,  and  the  abdominal  sac  in  the  ?  .     Mr.  Champion  called  attention  to  a 

B  3 


^0  fJiiiiuary, 

paper  by  M.  Eoger  Vority  in  tlif  "  Bulletin  de  la  Societo  Eutuniologique  de 
France,"  Seance  du  11  Octobre,  1911,  on  new  Scottish  races  of  Erehia  sethiops, 
Esp.  (race  Caledonia),  Satyrus  semele  (race  scota),  and  Parage  megsera  (race 
Caledonia). 

The  followinp^  papers  were  commtinicated  : — "Descriptions  of  South 
American  Micro-Lepidoptera,"  by  E.  Meyrick,  B.A.,  F.E.S.  "  Ncnv  Species  of 
Hawaiian  Hymenoptera,  with  notes  on  some  previously  described,"  by  R.  C.  L. 
Perkins,  D.Sc.,M.A.,  F.E.S.  "  Notes  on  Hawaiian  Hemiptera,  with  descriptions 
of  new  Species,"  by  E.  C.  L.  Perkins,  D.Sc,  M.A.,  F.E.S.  "Experiments  in  the 
Formation  of  Colonies  by  Lasius  fuliginosus,  ?  ?  /'  by  Horace  Donisthorpe, 
F.Z.S.,  and  W.  C.  Crawley,  F.E.S. — Geo.  Wheeler,  Hon.  Secretary. 


ANOTHER   HUNDEED   NEW   BRITISH   SPECIES   OF    DIPTERA. 

BY    THE    LATE    G.    H.    VEKRALL,    F.E.S. 

(Continued  from  Vol.  xlvii,  i)age  19). 

[These  Notes  were  practically  complete  at  the  time  the  late  Mr.  Verrall 
published  the  names  of  the  species  in  the  April  number  of  this  Magazine  for 
last  year,  and  were  only  held  back  by  him  for  the  piirpose  of  adding-  a  short 
description  of  Scatopse  coxendix  ;  of  this  description  he  left  the  rough  notes 
which  I  liave  written  up,  and  though  the  resulting  description  is  very  short,  it 
is  sufficient  to  distinguish  the  species. — J.   E.  Collin,  December  ISth,  1911.] 

1.  Sciara  longiventris,  Zett.  :  I  do  not  find  this  rather  conspicuous 
species  in  oiir  British  List,  hut  Mr.  R.  C.  Bradley  took  several  speci- 
mens at  Sutton  Park  in  May  to  June,  1895,  and  I  took  an  example  at 
Colwick  in  June,  1889.  It  is  rather  a  farce  to  add  single  species  of 
Sciara  to  our  Lists,  when  at  least  1 50  more  species  of  the  genus  should 
occur  in  England. 

2.  Leia^  terminalis,  Meig.  :  I  am  hound  to  consider  a  male  Leia 
taken  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  at  Stoke  Wood,  Herefordshire,  as  belonging 
to  this  species,  though  I  must  admit  that  I  should  like  to  see  the 
species  of  Leia  in  considerable  numbers  before  coming  to  a  certain 
conclusion  about  their  distinctness. 

3.  Boletina  hasalis,  Meig. :  among  several  unidentified  species  of 
Boletina,  I  think  this  one  can  be  named  with  practical  certainty.  I 
have  specimens  from  Ivybridge,  Frant,  Westhide,  Caswell  Bay,  and 
Bettws-y-Coed. 

4.  Platyura  nigricauda,  Strobl :  without  expressing  any  opinion 
as  to  the  value  of  the  specific  characters  used  at  present  in  this  genus, 
I  may,  without  much  doubt,  refer  two  males  (which  I  possess)  to  this 
species  ;  one  was  taken  at  Llangollan  on  July  17th,  1888,  and  the  other 
at  Bewdley  on  September  1st,  1892. 


1912].  21 

•^).  P.  iiKidfstd,  Winn.  :  this  species  is  not  in  our  British  Lists 
and  is  not,  in  my  opinion,  well  distinguished  ivoiwP.  fiava,  Macq.,  but 
I  refer  to  it  two  males  taken  at  Canford  Common,  in  Dorset,  on 
August  13th,  1904,  and  a  male  taken  by  Col.  Yerburv  at  Much  Marcle 
on  August  29th,  1902. 

P.  nujriceps,  Walk.,  was  probably  correctly  idontitied  by  Winnei-tz, 
as  I  possess  the  fragments  of  a  specimen  so  labelled  in  Walker's  own 
handwriting,  and  Col.  Yerbury  took  a  male  at  Goathorn,  in  Dorset,  on 
June  7th,  1907,  and  a  female  at  Studland  on  May  ;Jlst,  1907,  while  I 
caught  a  female  at  Lyndhurst  on  June  29th,  1885.  A  specimen  labelled 
Teignmouth  was  in  Eev.  T.  A.  Marshall's  collection  under  the  name  of 
Ditomyia  vlitafa,  and  may  represent  that  species  of  Walker. 

G.  P.  huineraUs,  Winn. :  I  have  but  little  doubt  in  referring  to 
this  species  a  male  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nairn  on  May  31st,  1905. 
I  also  possess  a  broken  specimen  of  apparently  the  same  species,  taken 
by  the  late  Rev.  T.  A.  Marshall  at  St.  Albans.  Many  of  the  speciesof 
this  genus  are  probably  widely  spread,  but  are  so  seldom  captured  and 
identified  that  very  little  is  known  about  them  at  present.  A  large 
black  species  has  often  been  taken  in  the  New  Forest  and  other  largely 
wooded  districts,  which  is  in  our  Lists  as  P.  semiriifa,  Meig. ;  it  may 
be  that  species,  or  P.  hrunnlpennls,  St«g.,  or  P.  vitripeiinis,  Meig.  (as 
identified  by  Zetterstedt) ,  and  is  almost  certainly  P.  concolor,  v.  d. 
Wulp ;  beyond  this,  it  is  probably  P.  mijcetophiloides,  Hardy,  in 
Walker's  Ins.  Brit.  Dipt.,  but  the  description  is  too  imperfect  for 
determination. 

7.  Scatopse  talpie,  n.  sp. :  this  species  has  been  included  in  both 
the  previous  editions  of  this  "  List,"  but  has  never  yet  been  described. 
It  is  closely  allied  to  S.  inermis  in  its  venation,  but  is  smaller  and  has 
the  first  costal  space  not  much  longer  than  the  second  (while  in  *S'. 
iuermiii  it  is  quite  twice  as  long)  ;  this  distinction  in  the  costal  spaces 
is  mainly  caused  by  a  more  even  curve  of  the  second  vein,  which  causes 
that  to  end  more  l>eyond  the  middle  of  the  costa  ;  the  veins  and  the 
pubescence  of  the  wings  are  blackish  (instead  of  yellowish) .  Antennse 
more  clavate.  Thorax  more  compressed,  and  hearing  much  less 
conspicuous  dark  grey  pubescence  (instead  of  yellowish  as  in  S.  inermis). 
Abdomen  almost  dull  black,  and  with  black  pubescence,  hardly  widene<l 
at  genitalia,  ending  in  a  sort  of  terminal  flap  caused  by  two  blac-k 
lamellae  touching  (instead  of  the  brightly  sliining  widened  end  of  S. 
inermis,  from  wliich  two  narrow  lamellrc  extend).  Hind  tibioe  thinner 
at  base,  and  therefore  more  clavate,  and  with  no  obvious  pubescence 


22  [January, 

(instead  of  with  conspicuous  pule  pubescence  of  *S^.  inennls)  ;  basal 
joint  of  hind  tarsi  thinner.  Base  of  wino-,  margin  of  squama;,  and 
halteres,  black. 

I  first  distinguished  this  species  from  specimens  I  found  at  Reigate 
(Surrey)  on  July  5th,  1872,  but  in  June,  1908,  my  nephew,  Mr.  J.  E. 
Collin,  found  it  in  some  numbers  about  the  trunk  of  a  small  willow 
tree  at  Snailwell  (Caml)s),  and  in  June,  1911,  under  similar  circumstances 
at  Barton  Mills  (Suffolk). 

8.  S.  coxendix,  n.  s}).  :  this  species  is  fairly  common,  and  was 
returned  to  me  many  years  ago  l)y  Loew  imder  the  above  name.  I 
believe  it  has  never  been  described,  and,  therefore  (in  order  to  retain  it 
in  the  "  List  "),  I  give  a  short  description. 

Like  8.  halterata,  but  the  first  costal  space  from  three  to  six  times 
longer  than  the  second  (instead  of  less  than  twice),  and  the  front  coxx 
and  sides  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment  conspicuously  orange.  The 
antennae  are  less  clavate,  the  legs  stouter,  and  the  forked  vein  longer. 
The  male  genitalia  end  in  two  narrow  curved  and  pointed  lamellre  and 
a  central  style. 

The  specimens  sent  to  Loew  were  taken  near  Lewes  (Sussex)  in 
June,  1870,  but  I  have  taken  it  since  at  Chippenham  (Cambs),  Orfoi'd 
and  Barton  Mills  (Suffolk),  and  Lyndhurst  (Hants)  in  June,  near 
Tarrington  (Hereford)  in  July,  and  Boyton  (Suffolk)  in  August. 

9.  Cricotopus  pulchripes,  n.  sp. :  in  order  to  retain  this  species  in 
the  "  List"  I  give  a  short  description. 

Very  near  C.  tremulus,  but  the  second  joint  only  of  the  front  tarsi 
is  white,  and  even  the  extreme  tip  of  that  is  black  in  the  male  and  dull 
in  the  female  ;  the  thoracic  black  stripes  are  well  separated,  and  the 
hind  margins  of  third  to  seventh  abdominal  segments  are  more  definitely 
luteous  ;  the  second  joint  of  the  front  tarsi  is  relatively  shorter  in  the 
male  as  compared  with  the  first  joint. 

I  caught  a  pair  on  Snowdon  on  June  8th,  1887. 

10.  Ceratojjogon  pallidus,  Winn.  :  a  male  was  taken  at  Handcross, 
in  Sussex,  on  April  12th,  1884,  but  the  species  may  prove  to  be  common 
when  the  genus  is  well  worked  out. 

11.  C  nvheculosus,  Meig. :  this  species  is  very  much  like  the 
common  C.  pvUcaris,  but  has  stronger  wing-markings  and  has  the 
thorax  peculiarly  dotted.  It  was  abundant  near  the  Worm's  Head 
on  September  13th,  1905,  and  at  Aldeburgh  on  September  9th,  1907, 
and  it  svibsequently  occiu-i-ed  in  millions  as  an  intolerable  pest  on 
Rempstone  Heath  and  at  Wareham,  in  Dorset. 


1912. 1  23 

12.  C.forci2)iit)is,  Winn. :  I  cannot  d()ul)t  three  males  taken  at 
Penzance  on  May  15th,  1890,  even  thoui^h  Winnertz  (who  only  knew 
it  from  one  male)  said  nothing  about  the  black  bristles  on  the  thorax. 

18.  C.  versicolor,  Winn.  :  A  rather  pretty  species  which  was 
abundant  in  my  garden  on  July  14th,  19U1,  and  on  various  subsequent 
dates. 

14.  C.  nohilis,  Winn. :  As  far  as  I  know  this  species  is  only 
known  from  a  single  female  described  by  Winnertz  ;  his  description 
is,  however,  so  good  that  I  cannot  doubt  the  name  applying  to  a  male 
taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Studland,  Dorset,  on  June  7tli,  1907. 

N.B. — C.fulvus  is  only  the  female  of  C.  sinnijjes,  Pauz. 

15.  Dixa  nigra,  Stseg. :  I  am  bound  to  consider  a  specimen 
taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nairn,  on  May  18th,  1905,  as  belonging  to 
this  species.  I  do  not  consider  De  Geer's  description  of  Tijmla 
anqjhibia  recognizable. 

16.  Limnohia  clecemmaculata,  Lw. :  This  pretty  little  species, 
which  was  described  from  Germany  in  1873,  has  been  bred  by  Dr. 
J.  H.  Wood  from  a  fungus  found  on  a  decaying  beech  in  Stoke 
Wood,  near  Tarrington,  on  September  3rd,  1906.  It  had  been  bred  in 
Germany  from  species  of  Bxdalea,     Dr.  Wood  took  it  again  in  1910. 

17.  Psiloconopa  imsilla,  Schin. :  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  fomid  this  new 
genus  and  species  to  Britain  in  numbers  in  the  Monuow  Valley,  South 
Herefordshire,  on  July  17th,  1907.  The  genus  is  allied  to  Trimicra, 
and  has  almost  identical  venation,  but  P.  |r«fcv7/a  is  a  small  but  veiy 
distinct  species,  in  which,  the  sharply  marked  black  tips  to  the  femora 
give  an  idea  of  Cheilotrichia  imhnta. 

17a.  Tipula  nodicornis,  Meig. :  Col.  Yerbury  has  given  me  a  pair 
of  this  species  which  he  took  at  Nairn  on  June  8th,  1905.  He  also 
took  a  male  at  Nethy  Bridge  on  June  17th,  1900.  I  have  an  impres- 
sion that  this  species  has  already  been  recorded  as  British,  but  I  have 
no  note  as  to  when  or  where.* 

18.  Bhaviphoinyia  culicina,  Fall.  :  Col.  Yerbury  has  taken  half- 
a-dozen  stray  specimens  of  this  distinct  species.  One  fine  male  at 
Nairn  on  August  1st,  1905,  three  at  Porthcawl  in  July,  1906,  and 
one  at  Wroxham  Broad  in  August,  1906,  besides  the  fragments  of  one 
at  Torcross  on  August  17th,  1903.  It  is  well  distinguished  from 
R.  variabilis  by  its  blacker  thorax  and  dark  brown  halteres  in  the 
male,  and  by  the  almost  total  absence  of  any  bristles  on  the  legs. 

»  Recorded  by  King  from  Scotland  in  Glivsgow  Nat.  I,  99  (19101,  »•.  Zoolog.  Uecord,  191(). 

(J.  E.  C). 


24  January,  1912.] 

18a.  B.  spissirosfrls,  Zett. :  must  at  present  be  removed  from 
our  Lists.  The  true  B.  sjylssirostris  is  a  little  known  species  of  which 
I  have  seen  the  types ;  our  species,  which  is  common  over  brackish 
water  on  the  Eastern  Coast,  and  which  may  extend  inland  (even  up  to 
my  own  <.^arden),  is  probal>ly  B.  (Ussimilis,  Zett.,  but  I  believe  it  has 
two  or  three  other  synonyms  such  as  perhaps  parachjxa,  Wahlgren,  or 
erberi,  Mik. 

19.  Pachymeria  erberi,  Now.  :  This  well  marked  species  was 
described  by  Nowicki  in  1864  (?)  from  Gralicia,  Austria,  and  subse- 
quently was  found  by  Bezzi  in  Italy.  It  occurred  in  numbers  in 
Butley  Decoy  Wood  in  Suffolk  on  July  11th,  1908,  where  the  males 
were  swinging  to  and  fro  in  a  sort  of  slow  dance,  and  each  one  was 
holding  a  large  Muscid  as  its  prey.  Unfortunately  its  distinctness 
from  P.  femorata  was  not  noticed,  and  I  only  took  three  specimens, 
one  of  which  held  Hijdrotma  irritans,  and  the  other  two  Polletiin  ves- 
pillo,  all  larger  species  than  itself.  I  believe  I  possess  specimens  from 
other  British  localities. 

20.  Hilar  a  arronetha,  Mik :  I  caught  a  number  of  this  line 
species  near  Leith  Hill  as  long  ago  as  June  25th,  1868,  and  suspected 
then  that  they  belonged  to  an  undescribed  species.  I  also  took  one 
male  at  Tunbridge  Wells  on  June  6th,  1886.  It  has  since  been 
described  from  Styria  and  Hungary.  I  have  paid  close  attention  to 
the  British  species  of  this  genus  during  the  last  three  or  four  years, 
but  I  find  them  exceedingly  difficult  to  name ;  I  can,  however,  intro- 
duce a  few  with  confidence,  of  which  this  is  one. 

21.  H.  Iwjubris,  Zett. :  Col.  Yerbury  caught  a  male  of  this  fine 
species  near  Stanford,  in  Norfolk,  on  May  21st,  1909. 

22.  H.  diver sipes,  Strobl :  I  am  obliged  to  refer  the  Braemar 
specimens,  upon  which  I  introduced  K.  nitidula  to  the  British  Lists, 
to  this  species,  but  the  true  H.  nitidula  (according  to  Strobl),  was 
taken  in  numbers  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nairn  at  the  end  of  May,  1905, 
and  l>y  nie  at  Chippenham  near  here  abovit  the  middle  of  May,  1908. 
I  cannot,  however,  accept  the  nomenclature  of  Strobl' s  paper  without 
considerable  doubt ;  the  species,  for  instance,  which  he  identities  as 
H.  matrona,  Hal.,  is  not  at  present  known  in  Britain,  but  the  true 
H.  matrona  is  one  of  his  forms  of  H.  spiniinana,  Zett. 

23.  if.  pubipes,  Lw. :  Easily  distinguished  by  the  dense  and 
fairly  long  bristly  pubescence  on  the  middle  tibia3  and  tarsi,  by  the 
yellow  halteres,  by  the  four  dark  sharply  detined  thoracic  stripes,  and 


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CONTENTS.  PA6E 

Description  of  a  new  species  of  Xantholinus  (sub-gen.  Vulda)  from  Turkey. — 

Malcolm  Cameron,  M.B.,  R.N.,  F.E.S 1 

Notes   on  the  British    species  of  Longitai'sus,  Latr.    (a  genus  of  Coleoplera) 

{continued).— J.  R.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  F.E.t>.  2 
Telmatoscopus    rothschildii,   a  new    species  of  Psychodid   Diptera  found  in 

London— liev.  A.  E.  Eaton,  M.A.,  F.E.S 7 

\^  Notes  on  two  introduced  species  of  Lathridiidse. —  O.  C.  Champion,  F.Z.S.  ...  10 

Oxypoda  soror,  Th.,  nnd  other  beetles  in  Cumberland. — F.  H.  Day,  F.E.S.  ...  11 

Molvtes  gennanus,  L.,  and  its  food-plant — K.  31.  Smith   11 

Additions  to  the  list  of  Coleoptera  of  the  Scilly  Islands— A'.  G.  Blair,  F.E.S.  11 

Note  on  Stenus  formicetorum,  ilann.  —  E.  A.  Neiobery 11 

Olophrum   nicholsoni,   Donisth.,  in    Scotland. — Norman  H.  Joy,  M.Ii.C.S., 

F.E.S 12 

Coleoplera  at  Ealing,  1911 — Heretvard  C.  Dollman,  F.E.S 12 

Osytelus  saulcyi,  Pand.,  at  Harrow. — Id 13 

Bledius  fracticoriiis,  Pk.,  near  London — Id 13 

A  Notodontid  attacked  by  a  wasp.~£'.  0.  Croft,  M.D.,  F.E.S 13 

Hemiptera  in  Dorset  and  Surrey. — H.  A.  Saunders,  B.A.,  F.E.S 13 

Athysanus  sejungendus,  Kb.,  and  its  food-plant — E.  A.  Butler,  B. A.,  B.Sc, 

F.E.S 13 

Orthoptera  in  Devon  and  Cornwall,  1911.— C.  W.  Bracken,  M. A.,  F.E.S.    ...  14 

Sympetrum  fonscolorabii,  Selys,  in  Scotland. —  William  Evans 14 

Obituary. — Frank  Wi-ay  Terry,  F.E.S 15 

Societies. — Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society   15 

South  London  Entomological  Society  16 

Entomological  Society  of  London     18 

Another  hundred  new  British  species  of  Diptera. — 

The  late  G.  H.  rerrall,  F.E.S.  20 

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Febniary,  1012.]  25 

by  the  comparatively  small  size.  Apparently  common  in  such  moun- 
tain districts  as  Dolgelly,  the  Lake  District,  and  the  Scotch  High- 
lands, but  I  have  also  taken  it  at  Brockenhurst. 

24.  H.  h'xkeri,  Strobl :  Another  large  species  of  the  H.  qnadri- 
ritiata  group,  distinguished  by  its  frons  being  wholly  grey  up  to  the 
front  ocelluM,  but  deep  black  above  that  and  on  the  occiput ;  thoracic 
stripes  blurred  together  laterally,  and  the  acrostichal  In-istles  4-wide 
on  at  least  the  front  part.  Taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Aviemore,  Nairn, 
and  Brodie,  from  July  18th  to  August  1st,  1905. 

25.  H.  carinthiaca,  Strobl :  A  rather  common  species  which  may 
})e  known  by  its  yellow  halteres,  and  a  peculiar  diamond- shaped  grey 
spot  on  the  deep  black  occiput.  Darenth,  Martham  Broad,  Coniston, 
Porthcawl,  Penzance,  Lyndhurst,  Studland,  Oxford,  Orford,  &c. 

26.  H.  hraueri,  Strobl :  I  am  obliged  to  introduce  this  species 
as  British,  because  I  possess  an  old  gummed  specimen  from  the  late 
W.  Wilson  Saunders'  collection,  though  I  do  not  know  its  locality. 
The  species  is  very  readily  known  by  the  pale  three  basal  joints  of  the 
hind  tarsi.  Only  three  specimens  (all  males)  have  been  previously 
recorded,  two  being  from  Lower  Austria,  and  one  from  Silesia.  It  is 
also  notable  that  H.  argyrosoma,  Strobl,  of  which  only  five  females 
were  known,  has  also  occui-red  in  England,  Mr.  J.  J.  F.  X.  King 
having  taken  one  at  Brockenhurst  on  July  6th,  1907,  and  this  confirms 
Strobl's  suggestion  that  the  two  are  only  the  sexes  of  one  species. 

27.  H.  cinereomicans,  Strobl :  I  believe  that  this  is  a  not  un- 
common species.  It  bears  some  resemblance  to  H.  inanicata  and 
H.  canescens,  but  the  male  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  three  long 
bristly  dorsal  hairs  on  the  long  moderately  dilated  basal  joint  of  the 
tarsi. 

28.  H.  heterogastra,  Now. :  A  male  of  this  large  species  was 
caught  at  Wormsley  on  July  12th,  1907,  and  answers  well  to  Strobl's 
description. 

29.  H.  cingulata,  Dahlb. :  I  believe  that  a  fairly  common  greyish 
species  allied  to  H.  Jiavipeff  (which  is  not  an  Oreogetou)  should  come 
vmder  this  name.  I  have  specimens  from  Ringwood,  Colwick,  Orford, 
and  Porthcawl.  The  undilated  basal  joint  of  the  front  tarsi  of  the 
male  will  distinguish  it  from  all  known  British  species  of  the  genus 
except  H.favipes. 

30.  (Edalea  apicalis,  Lw. :  Col.  Yerbury  took  two  females,  which 
answer  exactly  to  the  description  of  this  very  little  known  species,  at 


26  [February, 

Brockenhiirst  and  Lyudluirst  Road  on  May  27tli  and  28th,  1910. 
Even  if  it  should  turn  out  that  CE.  apicalis  is  only  a  variety  of 
(E.  cedalina,  it  will  still  be  new  to  Britain. 

31.  Trichina  opaca,  Lw.  :  I  am  obliged  to  refer  a  male  caught 
by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nairn  on  May  27th,  1905,  to  this  species.  I  had 
taken  a  similar  specimen  in  Wicken  Fen  on  May  13th,  1892.  Seven 
males  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Mildenhall  on  May  14.th,  1909,  are 
probably  the  same  species,  but  they  have  the  thorax  rather  less  dull. 

32.  LeptojM'za  g-phenoptera,  Lw.  :  Not  luicommon  at  Porthcawl 
and  Stokenchurch,  while  I  have  taken  it  at  Ivybridge  and  at  Exeter  as 
far  back  as  July,  1871. 

33.  Clinocera  wesmaelii,  Macq.  :  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  took  this  species 
at  "  Churchyard  Dingle "  on  July  6th,  1907  ;  it  is  very  much  like 
C.  fomtinalis,  bvit  has  an  extra  spot  on  the  end  portion  of  the  discal 
vein,  and  has  the  radial  vein  rather  undulated. 

34.  Ardoptera  oceUata,  Costa:  There  cannot  be  the  slightest 
doubt  that  a  gummed  specimen  given  me  in  1869  by  the  late  Mr.  J.  C. 
Dale,  and  labelled  "  Isle  of  Wight,"  belongs  to  this  species ;  Dale 
called  it  A.  guttata,  but  that  is  a  very  distinct  species  which  Dale, 
according  to  his  collection,  knew  as  A.  oblongoguttata,  n.  sp. 

35.  Tachista  ttiberculata,  Lw. :  An  expedition  to  the  Monnow 
Eiver  in  Herefordshire,  under  the  guidance  of  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood,  on 
July  10th,  1909,  enabled  me  to  add  three  females  of  this  species  to  my 
collection.  Dr.  Wood  writes  me  that  he  has  also  taken  it  (including 
one  male)  from  the  Monnow,  and  also  one  female  from  Howie  Hill  in 
the  extreme  south-east  corner  of  Herefordshire. 

36.  Psilopus  loewi,  Beck.  (P.flexus,  Lw.,  1869)  :  On  August  28th, 
1907, 1  caught  a  male  of  this  very  little  known  species  at  Scotland  Fen, 
Boyton,  Sviffolk,  and  in  July,  1908,  I  found  it  there  in  considerable 
numbers,  while  I  have  also  seen  it  from  the  New  Forest.  In  spite  of 
what  Strobl  has  said,  it  is  a  perfectly  distinct  species,  which  is  very 
much  like  P.  wiedemanni,  from  which  it  is  distinguished  by  the 
absence  of  any  lobe  on  the  front  tarsi  of  the  male,  and  by  the  only 
slightly  dilated  fifth  joint.  The  female  may  be  distinguished  from 
P.  wiedemanni  by  the  more  distinctly  banded  abdomen,  and  from 
P.  contristans  by  the  narrower  frons  and  by  the  hind  tibiae  having  only 
one  ant ero- dorsal  bristle. 

37.  Bolichopus  cilifemoratus,  Macq. :  A  little  known,  but  perfectly 
distinct  species,  very  closely  allied  to  D.  festivus;  the  three  middle 


1912.]  27 

joints  of  the  fi'ont  tarsi  of  the  male  are,  however,  shininsj  black,  much 
more  curved  and  ciliated,  and  with  a  rather  lont?  curved  apical  bristle 
on  the  under- side  of  each  of  them.  One  male  was  taken  by  Col. 
Yerbury  at  Porthcawl  on  July  9th,  1906. 

The  opportunity  may  be  taken  here  of  statin^  that  D.  strigipes, 
Verr.,  is  not  uncommon  on  the  marsliy  sides  of  the  Suffolk  rivers  near 
Woodbridge  and  Orford  in  Suffolk. 

38.  PiTecUohothrns  comitiaUs,  Kow. :  Many  years  ago  I  introduced 
P.  ducalis,  Lw.,  as  British  from  a  number  of  specimens  taken  l\y  me 
at  Seaford,  in  Sussex,  but  it  was  not  until  1907  that  I  recognised  the 
true  P.  ducaUs  in  a  long  series  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Walton-on- 
Naze,  in  August.  The  two  species  are  very  closely  allied,  but  P.  comi- 
tiaJis  has  the  antennre  on  the  underside  at  the  base  more  extensively 
orange,  and  the  wings  less  conspicuously  darkened  on  the  fore  part.. 
I  suspect  that  another  British  species  of  Peecilobothrus  occurs  at 
Walton-on-Naze,  and  possibly  still  another  at  Grravesend,  but  if  so, 
they  are  closely  allied,  and  I  want  to  see  more  specimens. 

(To  be  continued). 


A    NEW    AFRICAN    FLEA. 
BY    JAMES    WATERSTON,     B.D.,    B.  Sc. 

Ctenophthalmtjs  calceatus,  sp.  nov. 

Belonging  to  the  section  of  the  genus  characterised  by  having 
a  pronotal  comb  of  sixteen  teeth  and  three  genal  spines.  Closely 
related  to  Ct.  triodonhis,  Eothsch.  (Novit.  ZooL,  vol.  xiv,  March,  1907, 
pp.  330-331,  figs.  3  and  4),  from  which  it  differs  in  the  following 
details  : — 

Thorax. — The  met.  epim.  bears  7  hairs  (1.  3.  3.). 

Abdomen. — Besides  the  normal  two  rows  of  bristles  on  tergites  1-7,  there  is 
a  third  on  tergites  1  and  2,  and  traces  of  the  same  on  3,  4,  and  7 

Legs. — 3rd  segment  of  fore  tarsus,  and  4th  segment  of  hind  tarsus,  much 
longer  than  broad. 

Modified  segments    ?  . — 7th  st.   with   moderately  deep  sinus  dividing  the 

sternite  into  an  angulated  upper  and  a  rounded  lower  lobe.     Post  median  row 

of  5  long  bristles  and  an  anterior  parallel  row  of  shorter  ones.    8th  tergite  with 

4  bristles  above  stigma,  3  short  bristles  at  lower  ventral  angle,  and  one  or  two 

others  on  the  ventral  aspect  disposed  as  in  the  figui-e.     One  or  two  short  stout 

bristles  on  the  inner  surface  near  ventral  angle.      Apparently  the  tergite  has 

the  edge  naked  from  this  point  to  the  stigma,  but  the  specimen  is  not  perfect 

in  this  region. 

C  2 


28  [February, 


Tyjie. — A  ?  taken  in  July,  1911,  from  Arvicanthis  pumilio,  Pirie 
Mountains,  near  King  William's  Town,  South  Africa,  by  Miss  Fanny 
Ross,  and  forwarded  by  tlie  Rev.  Robt.  Grodfrey,  M.A. 

Mr.  Rothschild,  who  has  kindly  compared  this  example  with  his 
C  triodontus,  agrees  that  the  distinctiveness  of  the  species  will 
probably  be  intensified  by  the  discoveiy  of  the  male. 

The  Manse,  Ollaberry,  Shetland  .- 
December,  1911. 


DESCEIPTION  OF  A  NEW  SPECIES  OF  BLEDIUS  (SubGen.  BELIDUS) 

FEOM  THE  EED  SEA. 

BY    MALCOLM    CAMERON,    M.B.,    R.N.,    F.E.S. 

Bledius  bernhatjeri,  n.  sp. 

Size  and  build  of  JB.  arenarius,  Payk.,  but  very  different  otherwise.  Black, 
moderately  shining,  elytra  with  the  apical  third  yellow,  sharply  defined  from 
the  anterior  black  portion.     Antennae,  palpi  and  legs  testaceous. 

Head  with  eyes  as  broad  as  thorax,  black,  with  four  long  erect  bristles, 
two  on  the  forehead  and  one  above  each  eye  ;  rather  finely  shagreened,  not 
pvincturod ;  pubescence  yellowish,  scanty  and  rather  coai-se.  Eyes  prominent. 
Labrvmi  not  emarginate,  bearing  two  long  bristles  directed  forwards.  Man- 
dibles testaceous,  slightly  overlapping  at  the  extremities,  which  are  bifid,  each 
furnished  near  the  base  with  a  strong  tooth  directed  forwards  and  inwards 
towards  its  fellow.  Forehead  with  well  mai-ked  iirominences  at  bases  of 
antennse ;  the  latter  testaceous,  slightly  thickened  towards  the  apex,  1st  joint 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  1912.— Plate  I. 


rhoto  F.  N.  Claik. 


SITAEIS  MUEALIS. 

FIRST    STAGE    LARVA. 


I 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  1912.— Plate  II. 


\ 


r     j.\ 


^'1 


-     V     V   V)  \,^ 


y   J   )  ^ 


Photo  F.  N.  Clark. 


METCECUS   PARADOXUS. 

LAKVA    FROM    INSIDE    WASP-GRUB. 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  1912.— Plate  III* 


>;;^' 


\' 


\^^ 


r 


•rT*i..  ~        ■,  .V'.'  . 


(9     . 


-^^ 


?..v 


;^' 


Photo  F.  xV.  Clurk, 


METCECUS  PAEADOXUS. 

FIRST    STAGE    LEGS    AND    CAST    SKIN. 


1912.]  29 

long  and  slender,  gradually  thickened  towards  extremity,  about  as  long  as  the 
three  following  together,  7tli,  8th,  9th  and  10th  joints  transverse,  but  not 
fonning  a  chib.  Thorax  black,  transverse,  as  broad  as  elytra,  sides  not 
bordered,  parallel  for  anterior  two-thirds,  then  sloping  obliquely  towards  base ; 
posterior  angles  completely  effaced ;  disc  with  a  fine  impressed  line,  shagreened, 
puncturation  very  shallow  and  sparse  ;  each  side  with  two  long  bristles. 
Elytra  longer  than  the  thorax,  a  little  longer  than  broad,  moderately  shining, 
puncturation  rather  close,  shallow  and  large,  scarcely  shagreened  between  the 
punctures ;  apical  third  sharply  yellow,  forming  a  broad  transverse  band ; 
pubescence  scanty,  yellowish.  Abdomen  black  (sometimes  with  the  last  two 
segments  reddish),  moderately  shining,  alutaceous,  sparingly  punctiu-ed  and 
pubescent;  posterior  margin  of  8th  dorsal  segment  fiirnished  with  a  narrow 
white  membrane.     Sexual  differences  unkno^vn,     Length  3  m.m. 

Attracted   to  light  off   the  islaud  of   Dahlak   in  the  Red    Sea. 
Types  in  my  collection. 

January  12th,  1912. 


NOTES  ON  THE   FIRST   STAGES  OF  SITARIS  MURALIS,  Forst.,  AND 
METCECUS  PARADOXUS,  L. 

BY    T.    A.    CHAPMAN,    M.D.,    F.Z.S. 

Plates  I — III. 

SiTARIS    MURALIS,    Forst. 

Westwood,  in  the  "  Introduction,"  gives  a  short  account  and  figure 
of  the  first  stage  larva  of  Sifaris  miiralis,  deriving  hia  information  from 
Audouin,  who  appears  to  have  known  a  good  deal  of  the  life-history  of 
the  species  as  early  as  1835.  It  is,  however,  to  Fabre  that  we  owe  a 
fairly  complete  knowledge  of  the  habits  of  the  species  in  all  its  stages. 
As  this  was  published  no  less  than  55  years  ago,  there  may  be  no  hann 
in  reverting  to  the  subject,  which  Mr.  Hamm's  recent  discovery  of  the 
species  in  comparative  abundance,  at  Oxford,  has  opened  up  to  British 
observers.  My  contribution  of  new  matter  is  so  trifling  that  I  have 
hesitated  in  saying  anything  about  a  batch  of  first  stage  larvae  sent  me 
some  three  years  ago  by  Commander  Walker.  I  may  refer  also  to  an 
accoimt  of  the  life-history  of  Sitaris  coUetis  by  the  late  Prof.  Mayet 
(Annales  Ent.  Soc.  France,  1875,  pp.  65-94,  pi.  3). 

Fabre  figures  the  young  larva  and  describes  it,  in  many  respects, 
minutely  ;  the  structure  of  the  jaws  appears,  however,  to  have  escaped 
his  notice. 


30  [Februavy, 

He  describes  how  the  little  larva  travels,  by  holding  ou  the  bee 
most  firmly  by  aid  of  its  mandibles,  and  says  they  are  "  strong,  reddish, 
curved,  sharp,  meeting  without  crossing  when  at  rest."  When  com- 
pletely flexed,  the  jaws  do  overlap  very  much,  but  the  most  interesting 
item  is  that  the  inner  margin  of  each  jaw  seems  to  have  two  deep 
wide  clefts  or  notches,  and  a  third  shallower  one. 

The  photograph  of  the  hind  and  anterior  segments  shows  the 
serrated  jaw.  A  close  scrutiny  of  a  number  of  specimens  leaves  me 
with  the  belief  that  the  real  structure  is  not  simply  three  notches,  but 
that  there  is  one  deep  hollow  and  one  on  either  side  of  it  (or  both  on 
the  dorsal  side) ,  with  an  interval  between  them,  two  laj)pets,  apparently 
dividing  the  space  into  three  portions  ;  if  this  is  so,  it  probably,  in  some 
way,  gives  even  a  more  secure  hold  on  the  hairs  of  the  bee  than  the 
simple  notches  would  do. 

Pi-of .  Mayet's  figure  of  the  mandible  of  8.  cnlletis  (a  species  now 
placed  in  Stenoria,  Muls.)  shows  six  simple  notches.  He  also  figures 
the  tarsus  as  triunguline  ;  in  muralis  there  is  certainly  only  one  long 
simple  claw.  His  figures  of  the  antennae  and  palpi  would  serve  very 
well  also  for  muralis,  giving,  e.g.,  three  joints  to  the  antennae,  of  which 
Fabre  only  mentions  two  ;  for  the  other  mouth  parts  I  have  not 
succeeded  in  making  any  satisfactory  dissection. 

There  are  two  hairs  about  the  middle  of  each  thoracic  sternite,  and 
all  the  segments  seem  to  have  short  hairs  along  their  posterior  margins, 
both  dorsally  and  ventrally,  three  or  four  on  either  side  of  the  middle 
line. 

The  spiracles  are  not  described  by  Fabre  or  Mayet.  They  seem 
to  be  veiy  much  like  those  of  Meloe.  The  meso-thorax  carries  a  pair  of 
large  ones  on  its  anterior  border  and  in  the  lateral  membrane.  The 
first  abdominal  segment  has  a  pair  nearly  as  large,  situated  in  the 
lateral  plate.  The  following  abdominal  segments  show  points  that  are 
possibly  spiracles,  probably  obsolete  ones,  corresponding  to  the  series 
of  small  ones  existing  in  the  larva  of  Meloe. 

The  most  extraordinary  structure  that  these  little  larvae  present  is 
what  Mayet  terms  the  "  Appareil  fixafeur."  Mayet  describes  it  as 
originating  at  the  origin  of  the  eighth  abdominal  segment,  "  which  it 
almost  entirely  covers,"  and  Fabre  shows  its  two  corneous  points  as 
continuous  with  the  eighth  abdominal  tergite;  but  he  describes  the 
organ,  as  I  find  it  in  these  specimens,  as  between  the  eighth  and  ninth 
segments,  It  is  difiicult  to  believe  that  its  situation  is  not  the  same  in 
both  species.     Fabre  notes  thas  it  is  quite  retractile  beneath  the  eighth 


f 


1912.]  31 

tergite.  He  only  mentions  one  process  on  each  side,  iny  specimens  show 
two.  Mayet  describes  the  outer  one  as  an  anchor,  the  inner  as  a  spin- 
neret, and  says  these  reach  the  surface  of  progression  (hair  of  bee,  &c.) 
by  the  incurvini^  of  tlie  further  segments,  like  those  of  a  lobster. 
Fabre  notes  the  secretion  of  some  gummy  substance,  but  ascribes  its 
origin  to  the  anal  extremity. 

No  such  structure  appears  to  exist  in  Meloe  or  Metoecus.  The 
photographs  will  give  some  idea  of  its  appearance  and  position. 

It  is  the  tenth  abdominal  segment  that  carries  the  long  terminal 
bristles.     In  the  photograph,  the  seventh,  eighth,  and  ninth  segments 
show,   on   the   left   side,   what  are   possibly  the  spiracles,  of  which 
Newpoi-t.  says  there  is  one  on  the  ninth  segment  in  Meloe. 
Metcecus  paradoxus,  L. 

The  young  larva  of  Sitaris  revives  my  memories  of  the  early  stages 
of  Metoecus  paradoxus,  of  which  I  once  saw  a  first  stage  larva  at  large, 
without  at  the  time  knowing  what  it  was.*  It  is  very  like  that  of 
Sitaris,  but  only  about  half  the  size.  No  one  has  since  taken  the 
trouble  to  obtain  it.  There  should  be  no  difficulty  aboiit  this,  wasps' 
nests,  taken  at  the  right  season,  will  supply  sufficient  imagines  to  provide 
pairings  and  ovipositings  if  suitable  conditions  are  provided,  viz., 
flowers  and  simshine,  and  wood  well-cracked,  but  not  actually  rotten. 
The  photographs  reproduced  (from  specimens  some  40  years  old)  show 
the  first  stage  laiwse  when,  having  fed  in  the  interior  of  the  wasp-grub, 
they  have  grown  so  as  to  separate  their  dermal  plates.  Another  photo- 
graph shows  the  front  of  a  wasp-grub  after  the  Metoecus  larva  has 
become  external.  It  shows  the  dermal  plates  of  the  cast  skin,  irregu- 
larly piled  together,  where  it  blocks  the  hole  of  emergence  in  the  skin 
of  the  wasp  lai-va.  The  object  of  the  photograph  is,  however,  to  present 
a  record  of  the  place  of  emergence ;  to  do  this,  the  imaginal  legs  of  the 
pupa  are  displayed.  These  are  still  imder  the  larval  skin,  a  grub 
attacked  by  Metaicns  never  assuming  the  pupal  state,  though  the 
preparations  for  doing  so,  and  casting  the  larval  skin,  proceeds  so  far 
as  to  make  the  legs  shown  in  the  photograph  immistakeable.  To 
display  them  some  little  disturbance  has  taken  place,  but  it  can  be  seen 
that  the  cast  skin  is  medio-ventral  «)n  the  third  thoracic  segment. 

The  legs  are  of  interest  as  showing  the  three-jointed  tarsi,  with 
lateral  expansions,  possibly  in  relation  to  seeming  a  hold  on  the  smooth 
skin  of  a  wasp,  so  different  from  the  hairy  coating  of  a  bee  (though  a 
wasp  is  not  by  any  means  hairless),     They  contrast  with  the  simple 

"Annals  and  Mag.  Nat.  Hiat.,  September,  1S70,  pp.  101--J04. 


qo  [February, 

smooth  claw  of  Sitaris,  triple  but  not  three- jointed  in  S.  colletis  and  in 
Trmngulinns  (a  general  name  for  Meloe  larvae).  The  jaws  do  not 
seem  modified  for  holding  purposes,  but  have  an  extremely  acute  point, 
no  doubt  for  piercing  the  tough  skin  of  the  wasp-grub.  It  appears  to 
possess  suckers  for  holding  at  the  posterior  extremity  ;  they  belong  to 
the  tenth  abdominal  segment,  there  being  no  trace  of  the  curious  dorsal 
organ  of  Sitaris. 


EXPLANATION   OF   PLATES   I— III 


Plate  1. — 1st  stage  larva  Sitaris  nniralis,  x  45  dorsal  view. 
„       „         „        i  „  „  X  60  lateral  view. 

„      „         „  „  „         head  and  pro-and  mesothorax 

X   150. 
„      „         „  „  „         abdom.  segments  7,  8,  9,  10 

(and  11  ?),  dorsal  view,    x  300. 
In  the  latei'al  view  the  position  of  the  Appareil  fixateur  is  distinct 
biit  the  plate  leaves  obscure  the  organ  itself,  thongh 
plain  in  the  original  photograph, 

„       2. — Mctcecus  jyaradoxus. 

1st  stage  larva  full  grown,  removed  from  wasp  larva  and 
mounted  in  balsam,      x  25  and  x   30. 

„       3. — M.  paradoxus. 

Legs  X   300. 
Portion  of  wasp  imago  as  existing  within  larval  skin  at  date 
of  exit  of   the  M.  paradoxus  larva.      Skin  of   wasp 
larva  removed,  pupal  legs  of  wasp  spread  out 


ON   SOME   IMPOSSIBLE  SPECIFIC  NAMES  IN  MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 
BY    EDWARD    MEYRICK,    B.A.,    F.R.S. 

In  a  paper  published  in  the  Transactions  of  the  American  Ento- 
mological Society,  Vol.  xxxiii,  1907,  by  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott,  on  new 
species  of  Tortricina,  are  a  number  of  specific  names  which  are  openly 
and  obviovisly  based  on  a  barbarous  and  unmeaning  gibberish,  and  in 
my  opinion  must  be  rejected  as  null  and  void.  They  are  given  below, 
and  carry  their  condenmation  on  their  face.  If  a  name  is  without 
meaning  and  only  consists  of  a  chance  ai'rangement  of  letters,  memory, 
deprived  of  the  clue  afforded  by  sense,  is  unable  to  recall  the  name 
with  accru'acy,  since  the  letters  might  just  as  well  have  been  arranged 
otherwise  ;  hence  on  every  occasion  reference  would  have  to  be  made 


1912.]  33 

to  the  original  authority  for  verification,  an  intolerable  Inirden  and 
great  hindrance  to  scientific  work.  This  is  the  reason  why  those 
American  entomologists  who  accept  the  illiterate  orthography  of 
Chambers  (who,  as  instanced  ])y  Lord  Walsiugham,  spelt  one  of  his 
specific  names  in  eight  different  ways,  all  wrong)  are  imable  to 
remember  which  misspelling  is  the  original  one,  and  are  therefore 
continually  themselves  adding  fresh  misspellings  to  the  heap.  An 
educated  man  can,  however,  correct  these  names,  and  can  remember 
the  corrected  name,  but  a  gibberish-name  is  beyond  correction. 
Perhaps  the  clearest  argiiment  against  these  names  takes  the  form  of 
a  reductio  ad  absiirdum  ;  if  such  names  are  permissible,  then  every 
other  combination  of  letters,  whether  one  or  more,  constitutes  a  good 
name,  and  as  the  same  name  may  be  used  in  different  genera,  these 
may  recur  indefinitely  often  ;  therefore  the  names  haracana,  caracana, 
daracaim,  &c.,  may  turn  up  again  and  again,  or  may  appear  in  the 
varied  forms  of  horacana,  harocana,  baracona,  beracana,  &c.,  or  equally 
as  ba,  ca,  da,  &c.,  or  even  as  a,  b,  c,  &c.  Surely  no  practical  worker 
can  contemplate  such  a  tangle  of  absurdity.  A  line  must  be  diuwn 
somewhere,  and  for  my  part  I  propose  to  draw  it  here  and  now.  I 
refuse  to  accept  these  names,  and  shall  quote  them  as  synonyms  with 
the  syllable  (vmi.)  attached,  signifying  that  they  are  void.  I  take  the 
responsibility  of  re-naming  the  species  accordingly,  since  some  one 
must  do  it.  I  regret  any  apparent  discourtesy  to  Mr.  Kearfott,  from 
whom  as  a  correspondent  I  have  received  much  kind  help,  but  if  he 
were  my  own  brother,  I  could  not  act  otherwise.  I  do  not  attrilnite  to 
him  anything  worse  than  an  error  of  judgment,  in  failing  to  perceive 
that  in  order  to  save  himself  a  little  trouble,  he  was  causing  great 
inconvenience  to  future  workers. 

I  take  the  opportunity  to  express  the  opinion  that  those  who 
would  write  after  such  names  as  are  proposed  here  n.n.  instead  of 
n.  sj).  are  basing  an  affected  accuracy  on  a  logical  misapprehension ; 
n.sj).,  whenever  applied,  signifies  a  new  specific  name  only,  and  not  a 
new  species  ;  entomologists  do  not  profess  to  have  created  the  insect 
they  describe  ;  the  description  is  new,  but  so  is  any  re-description ; 
the  specific  name  is  then  the  only  really  new  thing  that  is  intended  by 
n.KiJ.,  and  this  applies  therefore  equally  well,  whether  the  insect  has 
received  another  earlier  name  or  not. 

Two  or  three  of  the  following  names  might  have  passed  for  real 
words,  but  the  context  shows  them  to  be  false.  I  have  changed  also 
two  names  formed  (as  the  text  shows)  from  ordinar\'  English  words 


34 


[February, 


(not   names)    treated    as   Latin.       Other    misspelt   names    (such   as 
jjyrusana,  properly  pyrana  ;  sandiego,  properly  sandiegana,  and  a  poor 


name  at  that)  can  be  corrected  in  Catalogue, 
references  without  prejudice,  reserving  my  own. 


I  quote  the  generic 


Phalonia  bana,             Kearfott 

.    p.    73 

= 

rhodites,  n.  sp. 

Enarmo 

nia  dana,               „         

•     „    65 



squorea,  n.  sp. 
cenochroa,  n.  sp. 

fana,                „          

.     „     64 

. 

l.n/n.n 

•     „     59 

chrysotypa,  n.  sp. 
thaliastis,  n.  sp. 
cirrhas,  n.  sp. 

•  „     14 

•  „    62 

= 

Enarmonia  tana.                ..         

vana,               „         

•  „     62 

•  »     60 

= 

eoleuca,  n.  sp. 
cupida,  n.  sp. 
xanthospora,  n.  sp. 
ratifera,  n.  sp. 
argyraida,  n.  sp. 
chloroleuca,  n.  sp. 
ceramitis,  n.  sp. 

wana,              „          

zana,                „          

•     „    61 

_ 

d.andana.         ..           

•     „    65 

Eucosma  fandana.             ..          

•     „     19 

_ 

qandana,            „         

■     „    20 

handana,            „         

•     „     20 

_ 

kandana,            „         

•     „    20 

_ 

argillacea,  n.  sp. 
isospora,  n.  sp. 
amanda,  n.  sp. 
cherssea,  n.  sp. 
sardiopa,  n.  sp. 
paraglypta,  n.  sp. 
griphodes,  n.  sp. 
trapezitis,  n.  sp. 
pholas,  n.  sp. 
eumaea,  n.  sp. 
atacta,  n.  sp. 
nothrodes,  n.  sp 
peristicta,  n.  sp 
oxyleuca,  n.  sp. 
famosa,  n.  sp. 
profana,  n.  sp. 
ultrix.  n.  sp. 
septicola,  n.  sp. 
resoluta,  n.  sp. 
tempestiva,  n.  sp 
navalis,  n.  sp. 
prmscripta,  n.  sp. 
prasinospila,  n.  sp 
fastidiosa,  n.  sp. 
austera,  n.  sp. 
procax,  n.  sp. 
signifera,  n.  sp. 
straminiodes    Grote 

landana,             „         

■     „     18 

mandana,           „         

■     „     17 

_ 

nandana,           „         

•     „     17 

pandana,            „         

•     „     17 

randana,            „         

•     „    21 

sandana,            „         

•     „     22 

tandana,            „         

•     »     23 

vandana,            „         

•     »     24 

_ 

wandana,           „         

•     „     24 

xandana,            „         

•     >,     24 

yandana,            „         

•     „     25 

zandana.              ..          

.     ,.     25 

Thiodia  baracana.              ..          

-     „     43 

caracana,             „         

•     „     43 

darnr.an.n.               ..           . 

•     „     44 

Proteopteryx  faracana,    „          

•     „    47 

Enarmonia  a aracana.        ..          

•     „    66 

Proteopi 

eryx  haracana,    „         

•     „    46 

Cetiopis 
Proteote 

karacana,             „         

■     „     68 

ryx  laracana,       „          

•     „     45 

maracana,     „         

•     „     46 

Proteote 

ras  naracana,       ,,         

•     „     50 

Thiodia 

raracana,              „          

•     „     44 

Cenopis 
Sparga') 

saracana,              „         

•     „     68 

,ot,his  taracana.     .. 

•     „     66 

Polychrosis  y aracana,       „         

•     »      5 

Phalonia  zaracana.            ..          

.     „     74 

= 

probably. 

1912.] 


35 


Eucosma  bohana, 

„        cocana,  ,. 

„       dodana,  , 

„       /of ana,  , 

Olethreutes  gogana,  , 

Eucosma  hohana,  , 

„      kokana,  , 

„       lolana,  , 

„       momana,  , 

„       nonana,  , 

„       popana,  , 

„       rorana, 
„       sosana, 
„       totana, 
„       vovana, 
Evetria  zozana, 
Eucosrna  boxcana, 
Phalonia  foxcana, 
toxcana, 
voxcana, 
zoxcana, 
biscana, 
discana, 
Thiodia  kiscana, 
Eucosma  miscana, 
Eulia  niscana, 
Phalonia  viscana, 
„         wiscana, 
„         ziscana, 
,,         bomo7iana, 
Carposina  comonana, 
Phalonia  fomionana, 
Eucosma  vomonana, 

„     ivonionana 

Olethreutes  islandana, 

("  at  Phimmer's  Island.") 

Phalonia  elderana, 
("  from  swamp  elder.") 


Kearfott p. 


26 

= 

antichroma,  n.  sp. 

26 

= 

rhodophxa,  n.  sp. 

27 

= 

spilophora,  n.  sp. 

28 

= 

annulata,  n.  sp. 

8 

= 

crepuscularis,  n.  sp. 

28 

= 

syrtodes,  n.  sp. 

29 

= 

chortsea,  n.  sp. 

29 

= 

leucomalla,  n.  sp. 

30 

= 

metaschista,  n.  sp. 

30 

= 

carphologa,  n.  sp. 

31 

= 

carcharias,  n.  sp. 

31 

= 

sceletopa,  n.  sp. 

32 

= 

pelina,  n.  sp. 

32 

= 

spodias,  n.  sp. 

33 

= 

typicodes,  n.  sp. 

2 

= 

matutina,  n.  sp. 

87 

= 

aspista,  n.  sp. 

84 

= 

liquida,  n.  sp. 

85 

= 

baryzela,  n.  sp. 

83 

— 

oniphacitis,  u.  sp. 

86 

= 

telifera,  n.  sp. 

75 

= 

ixeuta,  n.  sp. 

78 

= 

cricota,  n.  sp. 

92 

= 

speculigera,  n.  sp 

91 

= 

semalea,  n.  sp. 

94 

= 

camerata,  n.  sp. 

84 

= 

peganitis,  n.  sp. 

77 

= 

acropeda,  n.  sp. 

76 

= 

fabicola,  n.  sp. 

75 

= 

cyamitis,  n.  sp. 

87 

= 

curyleuca,  n.  sp. 

81 

= 

myrinitis,  n.  sp. 

90 

=- 

serangias,  n.  sp. 

88 

= 

senuiitis,  n.  sp. 

80 

= 

insulicola,  n.  sp. 

84     =^     hclonoma,  n.  sp. 


The    following,    forming    part    of    the    same   contingent,   were 
published  in  the  Canadian  Entomologist,  Vol.  xxxix,  1907  : — 


Hystcrosia  waracana,  Kearfott p.  122     := 

„  riscana, 

„  tiscana, 

Eucosma  domonana, 

„  gomonana, 
Hystcrosia  homonana, 


122 

123 

79 

78 
84 


dicax,  n.  sp. 
vincta,  n.  sp. 
vigila7is,  n.  sp. 
cjfficax,  n.  sp. 
discipxda,  n.  sp. 
rcfuga,  n.  sp. 


36  [Pebniary, 

Hysterosia  Icomonana,  Kearfott p.  121  =  fermentata,  n..  s^. 

Tortrix  lomona^ia,  „         „  62  =  veneratrix,  n.  sp. 

Phalonia  nomonana,  „         „  84  ==  voluntaria,n.  sTp. 

Proteopteryxmomonana,  „         „  125  ;=  sani/ica,  n.  sp. 

Phalonia  romonana,  „         „  83  =^  q^ciosa,  n.  sp. 

Eucosma  tomonana,  „         „  78  =  Zimigrena,  n.  sp. 

,,        zomonana,  ,,         „  80  =  explosa,  n.  s]). 

I  apprehend   the  three  following  names  of   Mr.  A.  Busek  are 

equally  bad  :— 

Li2}optycha  hana,       Biisck,  Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.  1906,  p.  182  =  planiloqua,  n.  sp, 
„  banana,        „  „       „       „         „  „     p.  182  ^  sordescens,  n.  sp. 

Phalonia  rana,  „       Joiirn.  N.  Y.  Ent.  Soc.  xv,  p.    22  =  ftmesta,  n.  s-p 

Thornhanger,  Marlborough : 
December  16th,  1911. 


ON   THE   EGGS   OF   TWO   BRITISH   SPECIES   OF    COBEID.E. 
BY   E.   A.    BUTLER,   B.A.,    B.Sc,    F.E.S. 

On  September  19th,  1910,  I  swept  a  ?  Myrmus  miriformis  Fall., 
amongst  Calluna,  at  Gom  shall,  Surrey.  Hoping  to  obtain  eggs,  I 
brought  it  home  and  enclosed  it  in  a  tube  with  a  twig  of  Galhma 
blossom.  During  the  next  fortnight,  about  a  dozen  eggs  were  laid  on 
the  plant ;  they  were  placed  either  singly,  or  two  side  by  side,  some  on 
the  leaves  and  some  on  the  flowers.  They  were  not  in  any  way  in- 
serted into  the  tissues  of  the  plant,  Init  merely  attached  by  a  gummy 
secretion  at  a  small  area  on  the  middle  of  the  long  axis.  They  re- 
mained in  this  condition  throughout  the  winter,  and  it  was  not  till 
the  end  of  the  following  May  that  they  hatched.  Unfortimately, 
just  at  that  time,  I  was  unable  to  examine  them  daily,  and  in  the 
interval  between  inspections  they  hatched  out,  and  the  young  larvae, 
finding  no  food,  died.  Since  then,  Mr.  Hugh  A.  Saunders  has  been 
kind  enough  to  send  me  some  more  eggs,  which  were  laid  in  July  last, 
and  which  I  hoped  might  hatch  in  the  autumn,  for  it  seemed  to  me 
that  an  oviposition  so  late  in  comparison  with  my  previous  experience 
might  indicate  a  second  brood.  However,  as  they  did  not  hatch,  I 
mxxst  wait  in  expectation  of  what  the  spring  may  produce. 

The  egg  (Fig.  la)  is  a  most  curious  and  interesting  object.  It  is 
about  1.2  mm.  long,  and  0.3  mm.  wide,  almost  white  when  first  laid, 
but  becoming  ultimately  of  a  shining  brown  colour,  and  either  oval  or 
subfusiform  in  outline,  according  to  the  aspect  in  which  it  is  viewed. 


1912.J  37 

On  that  side  which  is  outermost  as  the  e^g  is  attached  to  its  support, 
there  is  a  slight  iudentatiou  opposite  the  point  of  attachment,  and  on 
each  side  of  that  a  longitudinal  furrow  for  about  half  the  length  of 
the  egg.  But  the  most  remarkable  feature  is  a  pair  of  processes  at 
the  cephalic  end  (Fig.  lb),  each  shaped,  in  a  side  view,  very  much  like 
a  "  note  of  inten-ogation."  These  must,  I  think,  be  micropyles,  though 
why  they  should  be  of  such  a  bizarre  form  it  is  impossible  to  say. 
Wlien  the  egg  hatches,  an  operculum  is  separated  off  from  this  end, 
leaving  a  perfectly  even  edge,  and  showing  an  apertvire  which,  by 
reason  of  the  furrows  above-mentioned,  has  a  somewhat  pear-shaped 
outline.  The  suture  of  the  operculum  passes  between  the  two  terminal 
processes,  so  that  one  of  them  is  on  the  operculum  itself,  looking  like 
a  handle  to  a  lid,  and  the  other  is  on  the  main  shell.  The  surface  of 
the  operculum  is  roughened  by  a  number  of  flat  rounded  papilla), 
which  are  placed  more  or  less  regularly  in  rows  following  the  outline, 
and  arranged  concentrically  round  the  micropyle.  As  this  latter  is 
excentric  in  position,  the  papillae  become  smaller  and  more  closely 
packed,  and  in  fact  almost  obliterated  in  its  immediate  neighboiirhood. 
The  operculum  separates  from  the  body  of  the  egg  completely,  and 
after  the  issue  of  the  larva,  a  delicate  iridescent  conical  pellicle  is 
left  protruding  from  the  shell.  Very  similar  phenomena  have  been 
described  by  Mr.  Annandale  in  connection  with  an  exotic  Coreid  bug, 
Dalader  acuticosta,  A.  &  S.  (see  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1905,  p.  56). 

The  newly-hatched  larva  is  probably  at  least  1  mm.  long,  but  as  in 
my  specimens  the  soft  abdomen  was  qt;ite  shrivelled  up  when  I  found 
them,  it  is  impossible  to  say  exactly.  As  usual  in  the  Coreidiv.  the 
antennae  are  inordinately  long  and  stout.  The  whole  insect  is  covered 
with  long,  stout,  black  setae,  intermingled  with  fine  white  hairs,  both 
sets  of  which  are  truncately  clavate  at  the  apex.  The  head  is  large, 
pale  yellowish,  with  bright  red  eyes ;  the  thorax  is  more  or  less  red, 
and  the  legs  are  spotted  with  black.  The  rostrum  is  about  as  long  as 
the  body  and  has  a  stout  black  tip. 

Mr.  H.  A.  Saunders  has  most  kindly  sent  me  also  two  eggs  of 
Chorosoma  schillhuji,  Sclium.  (Fig.  II),  which  he  obtained  from  a  ? 
taken  at   Studland   in   September.     These   are  much   like   those  of 
Myrmn^,  differing  chiefly  in  their   slightly  stouter  form   and   in  the 
shape  of  the  terminal  appendages. 

The  egg  has  been  already  described  )jy  Capt.  Xamlieu  in  Ann. 
Soc.  Linn.  Lyon,  1904,  as  follows:  — 

"  (Euf.  Ions  1  mm.  cliam  0.3  mm.     Tres  allonge,  subfusiforme,  gris  terne. 


38 


[Febi-uary, 


cercle  de  blanchatre  aii  p61e  siiperieur,  leqiiel  est  surmonte  d'un  pt'doncle  gris 
couronne  d'un  bouton  en  forme  de  chapeaii  de  champignon  a  circuit  blanc  de 
lait ;  \ine  tig-e  semblable  snrmonte  le  pole :  de  plus,  an  milieu  de  I'ceuf,  est  une 
excroissance  noire  appuyee  sur  un  circuit  a  fond  phis  clair." 

The  "  iJ-ris  feme  "  in  this  description  expresses  the  colovir  of  the 
eggs  when  first  laid.  Later  on,  they  become  darker  and  of  a  brown 
colour.  The  phrase  "  cercle  de  blanchatre "  refers  to  the  suture 
between  the  operculum  and  the  body  of  the  egg,  which  is  much  more 
distinct  in  this  species  than  in  Myrmus,  and  which,  as  in  Myrmus, 
passes  between  the  two  appendages.  The  "chapeau  de  champignon" 
represents  the  front  view  of  the  appendages  ;  in  profile,  they  are  more 
like  those  of  Myrmus,  though  not  so  distinctly  suggestive  of  the 
question  mark.  I  do  not  find  in  my  specimens  any  trace  of  the 
'•  excroissance  noire,"  unless  it  refers  to  the  point  of  attachment  of  the 
egg  to  the  leaf,  but  there  is  a  pair  of  longitudinal  furrows,  which  are 
not  quite  so  long  or  so  deep  as  those  of  the  allied  species. 

It  will  be  seen  that,  notwithstanding  the  wide  difference  in  size 
between  the  imago  of  the  two  species,  of  which  Myrmns  measures 
7  to  9  mm.,  and  CJiorosoma  15  to  16  mm.,  the  dimensions  of  the  eggs 
are  almost  identical,  that  of  Chorosoma  being  merely  slightly  the 
stouter  in  build. 

The  eggs  are  attached  at  the  side  to  a  thin  stalk  of  Psamnia 
arenaria,  the  plant  on  which  the  imago  occiu's,  and  in  nature  they 
would,  therefore,  be  placed  in  a  more  or  less  vertical  position,  with  the 
cephalic  end  uppermost. 

For  the  drawings  which  accompany  this  paper,  I  am  indebted  to 
the  pencil  of  Miss  Bertha  Eeid. 


Fig.  I.     Egg  of  Mifnavx  niiri/m-iiiis,  Fall. 

(a)  Front  view  ;    (h)  Coiihalic  end  more 

highly  magnified. 

56,  Cecile  Park,  Crouch  End,  N  : 
December  ISth,  1911. 


Fig.  II. — Fi-ont  and  side  views  of  egg 
of  Chorosoiiiii  ichiUinyi,  Schum. 


Eiil.  Mo.  Mao.^  1912.     Philc  /I'. 


.^' 


I'liolo.  F.  Xo<ul  Clark. 


Male  Genitalia  of  Monopis,  Hb. 


.1  lid  re  Sf  Slciiili. 


1.     fcrruijinflhi,  Hb. 
3.     crocicapiti'lla,  Clms. 


2.     iniclla,  Hb. 

4.     moiKichella,  Hb 


1912.]  30 

STEAY   NOTES   ON   MONOPIS   CROCWAPITELLA,  Clms.,    AND 
M.    FERRUGINELLA,    Hb. 

BY    EUSTACE    R.    BANKES,    M.A.,    F.E.S. 

Plate  IV. 

In  Fn.  Hawaii.,  i,  728,  no.  437  (1907),  Lord  Walsingluuu  showed 
that  liyal'meMa,  Stgr.,  lombardica,  Hrng.,  heringt,  Rdsu.,  and  ferru- 
yinella,  Dyar  (nee  Hb.),  are  all  identical  with  the  Moiwpls  upon 
which  Clemens,  as  long  ago  as  1859,  bestowed  the  name  crocicapitella. 
Shortly  afterwai-ds,  in  Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  Lond.,  1907,  p.  1022,  tlie  same 
author  published  another  notice  of  the  species,  and  included  the  more 
important  synonyms  and  references. 

The  history  of  the  synonym  heringi  is  as  follows.  Coiuit  Grianf ranco 
Turati,  of  Milan,  having  met  with  the  insect  at  his  country  seat  at 
Alzate,  Brianza,  on  the  southern  side  of  the  Lago  di  Como,  in  the 
division  of  Lombardy,  intended  to  describe  it  under  the  name  heringi, 
in  honour  of  Major  E.  Hering,  of  Stettin,  but  subsequently,  at  the 
Count's  request,  the  Major  himself  brought  forward  the  species  as 
new  to  science  (Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.,  1889,  p.  295),  and  called  it  lombardica 
— modesty  not  allowing  him  to  perpetuate  the  former  name.  Unaware 
of  Major  Hering's  action,  Mr.  N.  M.  Richardson,  after  finding  in  the 
Stainton  Collection  some  continental  specimens,  forwarded  by  the 
Major  before  the  publication  of  his  paper  (I.e.),  standing  under  the 
MS.  name  heringi,  which  had  been  received  with  them,  adopted  this 
name  for  the  insect  in  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  Ser.  2,  iv.  14-15  (1893), 
and  tlius  created  the  fresh  synonym  heringi  (Turati  MS.),  Edsn. 
Mr.  Richardson  there  expressed  dovibts  as  to  whether  "heringi''''  was  a 
good  species,  or  only  a  well-marked  local  variety  of  ferruginella,  but, 
in  Proc.  Dorset.  N.H.  and  A.F.  Club,  xvii,  180  (1896),  having  in  the 
meantime  had  some  correspondence  with  Major  Hering,  who,  it  may 
be  mentioned,  confirmed  the  determination  of  the  Portland  insect  as 
lombardica,  Hrng.,  here  entered  it  under  this  name. 

M.  crocicapitella  has  not,  I  believe,  been  hitherto  chronicled  from 
any  British  localities,  with  the  exception  of  "Portland"  (Dorset),  and 
"Norfolk."  It  was  recorded  from  these,  by  Mr.  Richardson,  under 
the  synonym  "  Blabophanes  Heringi,'^  in  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  (I.e.),  but  in 
Mr.  Meyrick's  HB.  Brit.  Lep.,  published  upwards  of  two  and  a  half 
years  after  Mr.  Richardson's  paper,  it  is  not  referred  to  under  this  or 
any  other  name.  It  is,  however,  much  more  widely  distributed  with 
us  than  this  absence  of  records  would  suggest,  and  the  following 
summary  shows  the  localities,  so  far  as  they  are  Icnown  to  me,  in 


40  (February, 

wliicli  it  lias  occurred  in  the  British  Isles.  The  late  Mr.  C.  G-. 
Barrett's  series  of  "ferruginella,"  which  I  acquii-ecl  at  the  dispersal  of 
his  collection,  inchided  many  crocicapitella,  labelled,  as  was  usual  with 
him,  merely  with  locality  names — where  I  am  doubtful  whether  the 
specimens  were  taken  by  him,  or  feel  sure  that  he  was  not  the  captor, 
I  have  merely  entered  "Mas.  Banlces"  after  the  locality  name. 

England — Cornwall  (Penzance,  one,  E.  B.  Banlces)  ;  Devon 
(Dartmouth,  probably  common  in  summer,  IE.  B.  Banlces;  ?  Plymouth,* 
fairly  common,  G.  G.  BUjnell)  ;  Dorset  (I.  of  Portland,  locally  common, 
JV".  M.  Bichardson,  E.  B.  Banlces  ;  I.  of  Purbeck,  rather  common  locally, 
Bev.  C.  B.  D if/by)  ;  Gloucestershire  (Bristol,  M7is.  Banhes)  ;  Hamp- 
shire (Woody  Bay,  St.  Lawrence,  I.  of  Wight,  Lord  Walsiiufliam)  ; 
Norfolk  (King's  Lynn,  not  uncommon,  E.  A.  Atmore,  C.  G.  Barrett; 
Norwich,  one,  C.  G.  Barrett).  Ireland — Co.  Dublin  (Dublin,  Mus. 
Banlces)  ;  Co.  Sligo  (Sligo,  Mus.  Banlces).  Wales — Pembrokeshire 
(Pembroke,  C.  G.  Barrett). 

It  is  particularly  noticeable  that  all  the  abov«-mentioned  localities, 
except  Bristol  and  Norwich,  are  either  on,  or,  in  the  case  of  the  islands, 
just  off  the  coast,  and  it  is  obvioiis  that  any  insects  taken  on  the  coast 
near  Bristol  would  naturally  be  labelled  with  the  name  of  this  city. 
The  only  "  Norwich  "  specimen  that  I  have  seen  is  one  so  labelled  by  the 
late  Mr.  C.  G.  Barrett,  but  since  his  letters  prove  that  he  regarded 
crocicapitella  as  a  coast,  and  ferrvglnella  as  a  woodland  form,  this 
capture  may  be  considered  as  quite  exceptional.  Our  present  know- 
ledge of  the  distribution  of  crocicapitella  in  the  British  Isles  distinctly 
points  to  its  being  practically  confined  to  the  coast,  where,  however,  it 
seems  remarkably  local,  thovxgh,  as  Count  G.  Turati's  experience 
shows,  it  is  sometimes  found  inland  in  other  coxmtries.  On  the  other 
hand,  nearly  the  whole  of  my  long  British  series  of  ferruginella  has 
been  captured  inland,  in  lanes,  &c.,  though  a  few  of  the  specimens  have 
occured  either  on,  or  near,  the  coast. 

I  am  not  aware  that  the  larva  of  either  crocicapitella  or  ferruginella 
has  ever  been  described,  and  our  knowledge  of  their  feeding-habits 
is  probably  incomplete.  Sorhagen  [Kleinschmett.  M.  Brand.,  144 
(1886)]  gives  the  larvae  of  the  latter  as  feeding  "in  woollen  fabrics, 
fOtten  ^wood,  and,  according  to  Bignell,  in  the  seeds  of  Artemisia 
ahsynthium"  ;  Meyrick  [HB.  Br.  Lep.  784  (1895)]  says  that  it 
lives  "  in  a  case  on  seeds  of  Arteviisia  and  doubtless  other  plants," 

*  Mr.  Biguell  [Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  xv,  110  (1S7S)]  omits  to  moutiou  whence  the  larv;e  tliat  pro- 
duced his  reputed  "  Tiiuaftn-vijiailla,"  which  were  really  M.  (/■wv'ra/xd/^a,  were  obtained,  but 
presumably  they  were  collected  near  Plymouth,  where  he  was  then  residing. — E.  11.  Bankes. 


1912.]  41 

whilst  Heriiio-  (in  Jiff.  18.i.93)  expresses  the  opinion  that  seeds 
form  its  favourite,  if  not  its  only,  pabulum.  These  also  afford 
sustenance  to  its  ally  at  times,  for  Mr.  Richardson  ascertained,  some 
years  atfo,  that  the  insect  recorded  by  Mr.  Gr.  C.  Big-nell,  in  Ent.  Mo. 
Mag.,  XV,  110  (1878),*  under  the  name  "  Tiiiea  ferruginella,"  as 
bred  by  himself  from  seeds  of  Artemisia  absinthium,  was  really 
"lomhardica''  (i.e.  crocicajntflla).  Mr.  C.  Gr.  Barrett's  letters,  that 
are  before  me,  prove,  moreover,  that  he  reared  the  latter  from  seed- 
feeding-  larvae  received  from  Mr.  Greig,  but  unfortunately  neither  the 
food-plant,  nor  the  locality,  is  mentioned.  This  species,  nevertheless, 
does  not  always  feed  thus,  for,  in  his  house  at  Brianza,  Count  G. 
Turati  bred  it  in  some  numbers  from  debris  of  carpets,  papers,  &c., 
and  the  fact  that  it  thrives  upon  such  debris  accounts  for  the  par- 
tiality that  the  imago  sometimes  shows  for  buildings.  As  bearing  on 
this  point,  Mr.  E.  A.  Atmore's  experience  is  interesting:  he  informed 
Mr.  Eichardson  (in  lift,  l.ii.93)  that  of  his  series  of  sixteen  individuals 
—  all  taken  at  King's  Lynnf,  and  identified  by  Mr.  Eichardson  as 
"lombardica"  (i.e.  co-ocicapiteUa),  some  were  captured  in  his  house, 
and  others  in  doclc-warehovises  in  the  town.  My  own  experience, 
however,  contrasts  strongly  with  his,  for,  although  I  have  taken  many 
examples  of  crocicajnteUa,  not  one  of  these  has  been  met  with  either  in  or 
near  a  building.  A  similar  statement  nhoxit  ferrugi^iella  would  be  equally 
true,  and  Major  Hering  observed  that  he  did  not  find  it  in  houses,  at 
any  rate  in  the  larger  towns.  Writing  from  Stettin,  on  Jime  4th, 
1894,  he  informed  me  that  ferrngineUa,  which  in  Germany  never 
showed  any  connecting  links  with  "lomhnrdica,''  was  then  emerging  in 
plenty  from  some  flower-pots  on  the  balcony  of  a  friend,  and  he  was 
setting  a  long  series  of  it,  for  the  species,  in  spite  of  its  very  general 
distribution  in  that  country,  was,  as  a  rule,  by  no  means  a  common 
one  there.  He  added  "  Till  now  lombardica  has  not  been  foviud  in 
Germany,"  and  I  believe  that  his  remark  still  holds  good. 

In  Britain,  as  in  Germany,  ferruginella  is  singularly  constant  in 
facies,  as  regards  the  fore-wings,  -whilst  its  ally  is  noticeably  less  so. 
The  females  of  crocicapitella  have  the  fore-wangs  less  flecked  with 
ochreous,  on  the  whole,  than  the  males,  and  are  therefore  more 
uniformly  dark  in  appearance,  thus  approaching  ferrmjineUa  rather 
more  closely.  But  these  species  can  be  easily  separated  by  attention 
to  the  following  points  : 

*  This  iiotu  is  clearly  tlie  oiio  rfferrod  to  l)y  Sorhiigcii  (/.'■.),  and  I  )iavo  little  fluubt  that 
Meyrick's  statement  (/.<•.")  that  the  larva  uf  hr,iiiii,\itla  feeds  on  "  seeds  of  Arh  nn'.iin  "  was  Ijuaud 
upon  it.— E.  U.  B. 

t  Messrs.  Atmore  and  BaiTett  both  found  M.  /iriai/iiulla  rare  i^t  King's  I.ynn.— E.  K.  U. 

D 


42  [February, 

(1)  The  ground-colour  of  the  fore-wing  of  ferruginella  is  black, 
tinged  with  violet,  while  that  of  croc  i  cap  it  el  hi  is  blactish-fuscous,  and  is 
much  more  flecked  with  pale  ochreous  ; 

(2)  In  ferrnginena  the  dorsal  streak  is  rather  pale  ochreous, 
whereas,  in  crocica pitella  it  is  whitish-ochreous  ; 

(3)  The  silky  hind-wing  oi  ferrugineUa  is  purplish  fuscous  in  the 
male,  dark  purplish-,  or  violet- fuscous  in  the  female,  whereas  the  satiny 
hind- wing  of  crocicapiteUa  is  whitish  grey  in  the  male,  and  pale  grey 
in  the  female ; 

(4)  The  cilia  of  all  the  wings  are  very  much  darker  in  ferruginella 
than  in  crocicapitella. 

In  his  unpublished  notes,  prepared  in  1893-1894,  which  Mr. 
Richardson  has  most  kindly  lent  me — together  with  some  interesting 
letters  received  from  Hering  and  others  about  these  species — he 
remarks  that  "  loinbardica''  (i.e.  crocica  pit  eUa)  varies  in  size  far  more 
tha,u ferruginella,  and  gives  certain  details  bearing  out  his  statement: 
this  is  further  confirmed  by  the  measiu-ements  of  the  largest  and  the 
smallest  of  the  many  British  individuals  of  both  species  in  my  col- 
lection. Of  crocicapitella,  my  largest  specimen  (  $  ,  Bristol)  expands 
17' 5  mm.,  while  the  smallest  (rj.  King's  Lynn)  expands  9  mm., 
whereas,  oi  ferruginella,  the  exj).  at.  of  my  largest  exponent  (  ?  ,  Ware- 
ham)  is  15  mm.,  and  of  the  smallest  (  i^  .Wareham)  is  11  mm.  In  both 
insects  the  males  are  markedly  smaller  than  the  females.  Mr.  Richard- 
son ascertained,  by  a  series  of  careful  measurements,  that  there  is  a 
good  deal  of  variation  in  the  shape  of  the  wing  in  both  species,  but 
no  appreciable  difference  between  them  in  this  respect. 

In  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  {I.e.)  Mr.  Richardson  says  that  "heringV  (i.e. 
crocicapitella)  is  found  in  Portland  in  June  (end),  July,  and  August 
(part),  but  that  his  only  autumn  capture  was  made  on  October  7th, 
1887.  My  Portland  examples  were  secured  in  July  and  early  August, 
and  my  Cornish  one  towards  the  end  of  August,  but  in  S.  Devon  I 
have  taken  it  rarely  in  Augitst  and  September,  and  on  three  occasions 
in  October,  viz.,  lO/x/04,  lO/x/06,  and  I7/x/02,  and  it  is  particularly 
mentioned  in  my  diaries  that  these  three  October  individuals  were  in 
either  "fine"  or  "good"  condition.  Fern/j/me/k  has  been  recorded 
as  double-brooded  by  Stainton  and  other  authors,  and  the  autumn 
captures  of  crocicapitella  afford  evidence  that  it  has  also  a  second 
brood,  partial  if  not  complete,  in  some  of  its  haunts;  in  this  connection 
it  is  interesting  to  note  that  Major  Hering  (in  litt.  18/i/93)  informed 
Mr.  Richardson  that  on  the  Continent  "  lombardica"  (i.e.  crocicapitella) 


1912.]  43 

had  only  beeu  taken  from  August  to  Octobex\  The  imago,  in  both 
sexes,  flies  fi-eely  and  briskly  on  favourable  evenings,  especially  to- 
wards dusk,  and  on  October  10th,  1906,  I  netted  one,  on  the  wing  of 
its  own  accord,  as  early  as  4.40  p.m.  It  certainly  has  a  "  sweet  tooth," 
as  is  shown  by  the  fact  that  it  has  come  to  my  "sugar"  on  several 
occasions  in  the  months  of  August,  September,  and  October ;  it  is  also 
attracted  by  artificial  light,  which  yielded  Lord  Walsingham  seven 
specimens  on  the  Lido,  near  Venice,  during  May,  1910. 

It  has  often  beeu  questioned  whether  M.  crocicapitella,  Clms.,  is 
truly  distinct  from  ferniginella  HI).,  but  there  is  no  longer  any  room 
for  doubt  in  the  matter,  for  the  male  genitalia  furnish  proof  that  the 
former  is  not  conspecific  with  the  latter.  The  accompanying  Plate 
shows  these  appendages  in  the  two  species  under  notice,  and  also  in 
two  of  their  congeners.  The  preparations,  from  which  the  photo- 
graphs were  taken,  are  due  to  the  skill  of  Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman,  to 
whom  I  am  also  greatly  indebted  for  the  following  interesting  notes. 

Comparison  of  male  genitalia  of  Monopis  ferruginella,  Hb.,  imella, 
Hb.,  crocicapitella,  Clms.,  and  monachella,  Hb.  : — 

"All  these  differ  from  the  group  of  M.  rusticella,  Hb.,  loeaverella, 
Scott,  imd  Tinea  pallescentella,  Stt.,witli  theu*  oval  clasps  with  rounded 
ends,  in  having  comparatively  straight  ends  with  shai-p  angles,  most 
marked  in  crocicapitella  and  monachella.  In  the  two  latter,  in  fact,  the 
clasp  might  almost  be  descrilied  as  quadrangular  with  straight  parallel 
sides  and  a  straight  end  at  an  angle  to  the  sides  of  about  70°.  Imella  and 
ferruginella  are  a  little  more  rounded.  The  tedeagus  is  very  short  and 
broad  in  imella,  longer  and  narrower  in  monachella,  still  narj'ower  in 
ferruginella  and  crocicapitella.  (In  the  specimen  the  sedeagus  and 
saccus  have  both  been  accidentally  cut  across,  the  gap  is  due  to  the 
portions  being  separated,  not  to  any  portion  being  wanting) .  The 
saccus  is  short  in  imella,  very  slender  in  crocicapitella,  slender  and 
thickened  towards  the  end  in  monachella.  The  double  scaphium  has 
thick  curved  and  clubbed  ends  in  crocicapitella  and  imella,  straighter, 
slighter,  and  more  pointed  ones  mferruginella  and  monachella.  There 
are  minor  points  of  difference,  but  these  are  sufficient  to  illustrate  how 
different  specifically  the  four  forms  are." 

I  may  mention  in  conclusion,  that  the  genitalia  of  both  sexes  of 
Monopis  rusticella,  Hb.,  and  weaverella,  Scott,  were  shown  on  the  plate 
(PI.  V)  issued  with  the  October  (1910)   no.  of  this  magazine. 

Meyrick  [HB.  Br.  Lep.,  784-785  (1895)]  includes  five  British 
species  in  the  genus  Monopis.     One  of  these,  viz.,  fenestratella,  Heyd., 

D  2 


44l  1^  Febniary, 

has  not  been  obtainable,  but  we  have  now  been  able  to  give  the  result 
of  Dr.  Chapman's  examination  of  the  genitalia  of  the  otlier  four,  as 
well  as  of  weaverella  and  crocicapiteUa  which  are  omitted  from 
Meyrick's  work. 

EXPLANATION  OF    PLATE  IV. 

Fig.  1.  Genitalia  of  Jlfojiopis/errufifineHa,  Hb.  c?  (  **   35). 

„  2.  „  „         „        imclla,  (Hb.  (?   (  x   35). 

„  3.  „  „         „        crocicapiteUa,  Clms.   J  ( x  35). 

„  4.  „  „         „        monachella,  Hb.  ^  (  x  35). 

Norden,  Corfe  Castle : 

Novcmhcr  5th,  1910. 


Cryptoliypnus  sahulicola,  Boh.,  in  Cumberland. — It  will  be  of  interest  to 
record  the  capture  of  a  specimen  of  this  nncommon  and  local  insect  last  June, 
in  tlie  Eden  valley,  in  flood  refxise  deposited  on  the  extensive  gravel  bed,  where 
my  friend,Mr.  Britten  discovered  Thinobixis  pallidus,  Newb..  two  or  three  years 
ago.  C.  sahulicola  hitherto  has,  I  believe,  only  occvirred  in  the  British  Isles  in 
Scotland,  where  Dr.  Shax'p  and  Mr.  Lennon  met  with  it  in  Dumfries-shire.  I  am 
indebted  to  Mr.  Newbery  for  naming  the  specimen,  as  not  having  the  closely 
allied  C.  pxdchellus,  L.,  I  was  unable  to  satisfy  myself  as  to  which  species  to 
refer  my  capture. — P.  H.  Day,  26,  Curroch  Terrace,  Carlisle  :  January  8th,  1912. 

Blcdius  arc7iarius,  var.  fcrgussoni,  var.  nov. — Mr.  Fergusson  has  sent  me  for 
identification  some  specimens  of  Blcdius  which  at  first  sight  appeared  to  be  the 
recently  described  B.  seccrnendus  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  Vol.  xlvii,  p.  269,  printed  by 
mistake  as  seccrdendus) .  They,  however,  prove  to  be  a  dark  foi-m  of  B.  arenarius, 
easily  distinguislied  from  the  former  species  by  the  characters  given  in  the  above 
note,  the  most  obvious  of  which  are  the  much  finer  central  line  of  the  thorax 
and  the  less  strongly  punctured  head.  Some  of  Mr.  Fergussou's  specimens  are 
coloured  just  as  in  B.  seccrnendus,  others  have  the  elytra  almost  entirely  dark, 
with  only  the  extreme  apex  yellowish.  They  were  taken  at  Knoweside, 
Ayrshire,  on  the  sandy  banks  of  small  streams  on  the  shore,  jiist  above  high 
water  mark,  in  company  with  the  type  form  of  B.  arenarius  and  B.  terebrans. 
As  it  seems  necessary  to  give  this  form  a  name,  I  propose  to  call  it  v.  fcrgussoni. 
— NoBMAN  H.  Jot,  Bradfield,  Berks     January  1st,  1912. 

T^ote  on  Omalium  (Phyllodrci^a)  grandiloqua,  Luze,  a  Scottish  insect. — In  the 
"  Verhandlimgen  der  k.  k.  zoologisch-botanische  Gesellschaft  in  Wien,"  LX, 
pp.  394,  395  (October,  1910),  Herr  O.  Luze  has  described  a  new  species  of  Phyllo- 
drepa,  from  Scottish  examples  sent  him  by  Mr.  N.  H.  Joy,  under  the  name  of  P. 
grandiloqua.  As  no  reference  to  this  insect  has  hitherto  appeared  in  our 
literature  (except  in  the  Zoological  Record  for  1910),  it  is  necessary  to  call 
attention  to  Herr  Liize's  jjaper.  The  species  is  known  to  British  Goleopterists 
under  the  name  Omalium  brcvicorne,  Er. — G.  C.  Champion^  Horsell,  Woking : 
January,  1912, 


1912.]  45 

Notes  on  Lepidoptera  observed  hi  Surrey,  c^'c,  in  1911. — Among  the  captures 
and  observations  made  during  the  past  year  by  my  brother  and  myself,  the 
undermentioned  may  be  of  interest  to  Lejiidopterists.  For  the  sake  of  con- 
venience, two  records  made  previous  to  1911  are  included,  but  unless  stated 
otherwise,  all  dates  refer  to  1911. 

Khopaloceka  :  Colias  hyale,  seen  flying  near  the  E.  Wcy,  at  Eipley,  Aug.  7th. 

BoMBYCES:  Stauroinis  J'agi,  one  on  a  beech  trunk,  Haslemere,  June  10th.  Nola 
confusalis,  same  locality  and  date  as  last,  and  taken  in  the  same  way. 
Spilosoina  urticss*  taken  at  Kipley  on  Juno  5th,  1909.  This  species  seems 
to  be  spreading  in  the  south  of  England. 

NocTDJE :  Dcmas  coryli,  two  larviE  found  crawling  up  beech  triinks  on  the 
Albiiry  Downs,  Guildford,  evidently  having  been  blown  down  by  the 
wind ;  now  in  the  pupal  state.  Dasycannxi  ruhiginoa,  ? ,  taken  at  sallow, 
April  21st;  ova  were  laid  by  this  specimen  on  May  2nd  and  later,  from 
which  a  fair  nimiber  of  specimens  were  subseqviently  reared.  Xylina 
setnihrunnea,  iour  at  sugar,  Horsell ;  in  view  of  the  comparative  scarcity 
of  ash,  this  is,  perhaps,  a  little  unexpected.  Hypenodes  alhistrigalis,  flying 
in  company  with  H.  cost  sest  rig  alls  and  Tholomigcs  turfosalis,  on  damp 
heaths,  Horsell,  July  23rd. 

Geometry  :  Selenia  lunaria,  at  light,  Guildford.  Nemoria  viridata*  several 
'  Avalked  up '  out  of  heather  at  Chobham.  Further  specimens  were  reared 
from  ova  obtained  from  these  as  recorded  elsewhere  [Entom.,  December, 
1911,  p.  405].  Hyria  muricata*,  one  fine  specimen  taken  on  the  wing, 
having  been  distiu'bcd  from  amongst  the  bracken  at  the  edge  of  a  mixed 
Avood  near  Brook  wood,  July  1st.  Acidalia  straminata,  several  examples 
flying  over  the  heath,  in  the  evening,  June  21st,  and  later.  Lohophora 
viretatn,  sti-eet  lamps,  Guildford,  May  24th. 

Ptralides  :  Odontia  denlalis,  not  rare  from  September  3rd  onwards,  at 
Shoreham,  Sussex.  Ehulca  stachydalis*  not  uncommon,  early  in  July, 
in  one  very  restricted  locality  near  Woking.  A  number  of  imagines  wei'e 
netted  along  a  ditch  full  of  luxuriant  vegetation,  including  much  Stachys 
palustris.  The  larvae  were  found  by  searching  the  food-plant  in  August 
and  September.  Botys  asinalis,  singly,  near  Cowes,  I.  W.,  at  ragwort 
blossom,  August  8th,  1910. 

Pterophori  :  Oxyptilns  tettcrii,  locally  abundant  near  Guildford.  0.  parvi- 
dachjlus,  in  company  with  large  niunbers  of  Ennychia  nigrita  and  Ilifhyia 
semiruhella,  at  Horsley,  July  15th. 

Crambi  :  Crambus  dumetcllus,  on  heatlis,  witli  swarms  of  C.  uliginoscllus, 
June  21st,  "Woking.  C.  warringtonellus*  with  ten  other  species  of  the 
genus  (the  absence  of  C.  perlellus  amongst  which  is  to  be  noted),  occui-red  in 
the  same  district  early  in  August ;  C.  hamelluSy  C.  pinellus,  and  C.  latistrius 
were  usually  obtainable  by  dislodging  them  from  the  pine  boughs  on  which 
they  rest.      Alispa  angustella,*  larvie  frequent  in  fruits  of  Euonymus,  at 


46  [Febniary, 

Guildford  and  Oxford,  in  October.  Dioryctria  splendidello*  in  nvimbers, 
at  Woking,  by  jarring  pine  boughs  ;  also  a  single  example  at  rest  on  a 
telegraph  pole,  near  Shoreham,  Sussex,  August  21st.  Phycis  hetulse,  among 
birch,  at  the  end  of  June,  Horsell. 

ToRTRiCES  :  This  is  the  first  year  we  have  paid  any  attention  to  the  gi'oup,  and 
it  may  be  of  interest  to  note  that  125  si^ecies,  in  all,  have  been  taken. 
They  include  :  Tortrix  piceana,  Woking,  June  21st.  T.  diversayia,  Woking, 
June  27th,  on  oak.  Hedya  servillana,  Woking,  June  2nd.  Phoxopteryx 
siculana,  Woking,  with  P.  unguicella  and  P.  uncana,  June  2nd  and 
August  12th.  Psedisca  ruhiginosana,  on  heaths,  Woking,  June  2nd.  Coccyx 
cosmophorana*  a  single  example  of  this  usually  Scottish  species  taken 
amongst  pines,  Woking,  June  2nd,  C  pygmaeana*  flying  in  the  sunshine 
around,  or  beaten  out  of,  spruce  at  Tilford,  Surrey,  April  24th.  Heusimene 
fimhriana,  on  oak,  Woking,  April  14th.  Eupcecilia  implicitana,  several  at 
Shoreham,  Sussex,  August.  Argyrolepia  zephyrana,  Guildford,  May  23rd. 
A.  xneana,  imagines  among  ragwort  on  chalk,  at  Guildford ;  larva)  in  the 
roots  of  the  same  plant  in  December.  Conchylis  straminca,  Guildford, 
June  13th. 

The  species  marked  with  an  asterisk,  have  not,  so  far  as  I  know,  been  pre- 
viously recorded  from  Surrey. — H    G.  Champion,  Horsell,  Woking:  Dec,  1911. 

Limnophilus  suhcentralis,  Braucr,  near  Nethy  Bridge. — Five  years  ago  I 
came  across  Limnophilus  suhcentralis,  Brauer,  in  considerable  niimbers,  but 
only  females ;  towards  the  end  of  last  summer  I  worked  for  the  species 
in  JiUy  and  Augvist  with  the  hope  of  getting  a  sxapply  of  males.  About 
the  middle  of  Aiigust  I  saw  a  few  females,  and  visited  the  locality  several 
times  for  the  sake  of  the  males  ;  they  did  not  appear  until  the  last  day  or  two 
of  the  nionth,  and,  strange  to  say,  the  males  were  all  more  or  less  chipped  at 
the  tips  of  the  wings,  although  the  females  were  in  perfect  condition.  My 
original  specimens  were  taken  in  the  middle  of  July,  1878,  at  Aviemore  ;  in 
1882  I  took  it  at  Kinardochie  Loch,  Perthshire,  in  the  middle  of  August ;  and 
in  1886  it  occvirred  at  Loch  Awe  during  July. — James  J.  F.  X.  King,  1,  Athol 
Gardens  Terrace,  Kelvinside,  Glasgow  :  January  Ibth,  1912. 

The  "  Verrall  "  supper.— The  evening  before  the  Annual  General  Meeting  of 
the  Entomological  Society  of  London  has  been,  for  more  than  20  years,  a  date 
looked  forward  to  by  many  Entomologists  with  pleastu-able  anticipation  as  one 
when  a  pleasant  social  evening  would  be  spent  in  the  company  of  other  fellow 
students  of  nature,  by  invitation  of  the  late  Mr.  Verrall  in  his  capacity  as  a 
member  of  the  Entomological  Club.  The  founders  of  this  very  old  Club  no 
doubt  did  not  fail  to  realize  tlie  advantages  accruing  to  Entomological  Science 
from  social  intercourse,  but  Mr.  Verrall,  by  not  limiting  the  number  of  his 
invitations,  made  his  Annual  Supper  at  the  Holborn  Restaurant  an  "  Event," 
which  many  felt  ought  not  to  be  allowed  to  cease  at  his  death ;  the  idea  of 
continuing  it,  on  as  nearly  as  possible  the  same  lines,  in  memory  of  its  founder, 
was    therefore    decided   upon.      Consequently    on     January   16th,     some    94 


1012J  47 

Entomologists  met  in  the  Caledonian  Salon  of  the  Holhorn  Restaurant,  by 
invitation  of  "The  President  of  the  Entomoloo-ical  Society  and  other 
Entomologists,"  and  subsequently  sat  down  to  the  usual  sujiper  The  Rev.  F.  D. 
Morice,  as  Chairman,  in  explaining  the  '  raison  d'etre '  of  the  gathering,  expressed 
the  hope  that  it  might  be  put  upon  a  permanent  basis  under  the  name  of  the 
"  Verrall  Supper,"  and  asked  those  assembled  to  raise  their  glasses,  standing, 
and  in  silence,  to  the  memory  of  the  late  holder  of  that  name.  The  Rev.  E.  N. 
Bloomfield,  the  oldest  Entomologist  present  in  so  far  at  least  as  years  go, 
proposed  the  toast  of  the  Hosts  of  the  Evening,  which  was  seconded  by 
Mr.  W.  E.  Sharp,  and  responded  to  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Collin,  who  had  acted  as  Hon.  Sec. 
and  Treasurer.  The  toast  of  the  Chairman  having  been  duly  lionoiu'ed,  the  rest 
of  the  evening  was  devoted  to  friendly  discussions  on,  and  mutual  assistance  in, 
the  varied  subjects  in  which  those  assembled  happened  to  be  interested. 


Societies. 

Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society  .-  The  Annual  Meeting 
was  held  in  the  Royal  Institution,  Colquit  Street,  Liverpool,  on  December  ISth, 
1911.— Mr.  Wm.  Webster  in  the  Chair. 

As  Mr.  W.  J.  Lucas,  the  retiring  Vice-President,  was  unable  to  be  present 
to  read  his  address  "  On  the  present  state  of  our  knowledge  of  the  pre-imaginal 
stages  of  the  British  Dragon-flies,"  this  was  done  by  the  Secretary.  Mr.  Lucas 
dealt  lucidly  and  in  detail  with  the  various  methods  of  oviposition  obtaining 
in  the  Odonata,  drawing  pai-ticular  attention  to  the  habit  Ischnura  elegans 
possesses  of  descending  beneath  the  surface  of  the  water  for  this  purpose,  and 
to  the  two  types  of  dragon-fly  eggs :  the  elongate,  cylindrical  type  such  as  is 
met  with  in  Mschna,  and  the  more  or  less  oval  or  pear-shaped  type  found  in 
Sympetrum  and  Libellula.  The  development  of  the  nymphs,  their  form,  habits, 
and  food  ;  the  duration  of  tlie  nymphal  existence  and  other  features  of  di-agon- 
fly  kinomics  were  then  dealt  with  in  an  eqvially  interesting  and  exhaiistive 
manner,  the  fact  being  emphasized  that  although  of  recent  years  a  considerable 
amount  of  work  had  been  done,  and  our  knowledge  of  the  life  history  of  these 
beautifvd  creatures  had  been  gi-eatly  increased,  there  yet  remained  a  vast 
amount  to  be  done  in  the  future.  The  latter  part  of  the  address  consisted  of  a 
review  of  the  progress  of  our  knowledge  of  the  earlier  stages  of  di-agon-fly 
existence,  commencing  with  Thomas  Mouffet's  "  Theatrum  Insectorum,"  and 
bringing  the  subject  down  to  the  present  day.  The  addi-ess  and  the  excellent 
lantern  slides  with  which  it  was  illustrated  were  greatly  appreciated  by  all 
who  were  present.  Mr.  C.  B.  Williams  exhibited  a  box  of  Lepidoptera  collected 
during  the  past  season  in  various  localities  and  including  the  following: — 
Tseniocampa  munda,  Xylina  socia,  X.  ornithopus,  Xylocampa  areola  and  Oporina 
croceago,  from  the  Conway  Valley  ;  Argytmis  selene,  Carterocephalus  palxmon 
and  Nemeobius  lucina  from  Northamptonsliii-e ;  Boarmia  roburaria,  Gnophria 
rubricollis,  Nemeophila  russula,  Macroglossa/uciformis,  Lycsena  xgon  and  Argynnis 
euphrosyne  from  the  New  Forest. — Wm.  Mansbridge,  Hon.  Secretary. 


48  [February,  191 '2. 

The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  : 
Thursday,  December  Uth,  1911.— Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye,  F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Special  Meetino-. — It  was  agreed  unanimously,  at  an  unusually  large  Meeting, 
to  increase  the  annual  subscription  to  ten  shillings  and  the  life  composition  to 
six  guineas. 

Ordinary  Meeting.— Mr.  E.  G.  Todd,  of  Barnett;  Mr.  G  E.  H.  Peskett,  of 
Ilford;  Mr.  A.  Quarrington,  of  Norwood;  and  Mr.  K.  A.  Stowell,  B.A.,  of 
Kingston,  were  elected  Members. 

There  was  a  special  exhibition  of  Rumicia  plilseas  and  its  allies.  Mr.  Tonga, 
series  from  the  S.E.  counties  and  bred  continental  specimens ;  Mr.  Newman,  on 
behalf  of  Mr.  Quarrington,  ab.  schmidtii  and  striated  forms  ;  the  Eev.  G.  Wheeler, 
series  from  England,  S.  Prance,  and  S.  Switzerland,  including  suffused  examples, 
ab.  cseruleopunctata,  ab.  hipunctata,  ab.  unipunctata,  &c. ;  Mr.  K.  Adkin,  repre- 
sentative series  from  Eastbourne  taken  this  year,  and  analysed  the  variation 
occurring  there ;  Mr.  A.  E.  Gibbs,  series  from  England,  N.  E.  France,  E.  Pyrenees, 
Corsica,  Algeria,  Turkistan,  and  Japan,  together  with  many  closely  allied  species 
from  the  Palrearctic  and  Nearctic  Regions  ;  Mr.  Turner,  series,  including  his  ab. 
alba,  from  Brasted  ;  Mr.  E.  South,  a  selection  illustrating  the  ordinary  variation, 
including  ab.  schmidtii,  and  pointed  out  that  the  American  representative 
of  our  species,  R.  hypophlxas  had  almost  parallel  variation ;  Mr.  Cowham,  ab. 
schmidtii  from  Oxshott ;  Mr.  Frohawk,  a  long  bred  series  of  C.  dispar  v.  rutilus 
from  Continental  ova ;  Mr.  C.  P.  Pickett,  long  and  varied  series  of  four  broods 
in  1911,  and  many  aberrations  taken  duiing  the  past  ten  years  ;  Mr.  Edwards, 
closely  allied  Central  and  E.  Asian  forms  ;  Mr.  Kaye,  bred  specimens.  In  the 
subsequent  remarks  it  was  noted  that  the  species  had  appeared  in  great 
abtmdance  even  in  gardens  and  streets,  that  there  were  extremely  few  striking 
aberrations,  tliat  the  later  broods  were  generally  darker,  that  the  larva 
hibernated  in  any  instar,  and  that  the  species  was  by  no  means  common  in 
Switzerland.  Mr.  West  (Greenwich)  exhibited  a  drawer  of  the  Society's  cabinet, 
in  which  he  had  arranged  the  British  Hymenoptera  recently  presented  to  the 
Society.  Mr.  Ashdown,  a  collection  of  Lcpidoptera,  taken  by  him  in  Switzerland 
and  near  Chamonix  in  Jime  and  July  last.  Mr.  Newman,  a  number  of  well- 
marked  abei-rations  of  Lepidopterairovatha  collection  of  Mr.  Hills,  of  Folkestone. 
Mr.  Quarrington,  a  fine  blue  9  of  Polyommatus  icarus.  Mr.  Buckstone,  a  series 
of  variations  of  Ematurga  atomaria.  Mr.  South,  a  long  series  of  three  generations 
of  Acidalia  virgularia,  reared  in  1911  from  a  ?  taken  at  Bishop  Auckland  in 
1910.  Mr.  Joy,  two  autumn  bred  specimens  of  Apatura  iris,  the  rest  of  the  brood 
going  over  as  larvse  as  ustial.  Mr.  Blenkarn,  light  and  dark  examples  of  Lithosia 
deplana,  and  a  specimen  of  the  cockroach  Peripianeta  aiistralasim,  taken  from  a 
case  of  oranges  from  Jamaica.  Mr.  Edwards,  th^^  remarkably  sexually  dimorphic 
species  Euripus  halitherses,  of  which  the  ?  mimics  a  Euploea.  Mr.  Pickett,  a 
very  richly  marked  aberration  of  Hipparchia  semele.  Mr.  Step,  a  further  portion 
of  the  "  Tugwell "  Herbarium,  which  he  had  been  renovating  for  the  Society, 
and  to  contain  which  Mr.  E.  Adkin  had  most  kindly  given  a  handsome  cabinet. 
— Henry  J,  Titrner,  Hon.  Secretary. 


CHANGE   OF  ADDRESS. 
Dr.  E.  Bekgeoth,  io  Turtola,  Finland. 


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CONTENTS. 


PAOB 


Another   hundred   new   British  species   of    Diptora    {continued).  —  The   late 

a.  R.  rerrall,  F.E.S 25 

Anew  African  Flea. — Sev.  James  Waterston,  B.D.,  B.Sc 27 

Description  of  a  new  species  of  Bledius  (subgen.  Belidus)  from  the  Eed  Sea. — 

Malcolm  Cameron,  M.B.,  R.N.,  F.E.S 28 

\  ^,^  Notes  on  the  first  stage  of  Sitaris  muralis,  Forst.,  and  of  Meloecus  paradoxus, 

V^  L.  {with  three  Tlates).— T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D.,  F.Z.S 29 

.  Op^ome  impossible  specific  names  in  Micro-Lepidoptera. — E.  Meyrick,  B.A., 

^•^"^  F.S.S 32 

On  the  eggs  of  two  British  species  of  Coreidse — E.  A.  Butler,  B.A.,  B.Sc,  F.E.S.     36 

Stray  notes  on  Monopis  crocicapitella,  Chns.,  and  M.  ferruginella,  Hb.  (with  a 

Flate).— Eustace  R.  Bankes,  M.A.,  F.E.S 39 

Cryptohypnus  sabulicola.  Boh.,  in  Cumberland.  —  F.  S.  Day,  F.E.S 44 

Bledius arenarius,  var.  fergussoni,  var.  nov. — Norman  H.  Joy,  M.R.C.S.,  F.E.S.       44 

Note    on    Omalium    (Phyliodrepa)    grandiloqua,   Luze,  a   Scottish   insect. — 

a.  C.  Champion,  F.Z.S 44 

Notes  on  Lepidoptera  observed  in  Surrey,  &c.,  in  1911. — H.  G.  Champion 45 

Limnophilus  subcentralis,  Brauer,  near  Nethy  Bridge — J.  J.  F.  X.  King,  F.E.S.  46 

The  "  Verrall  "  Supper   46 

Societies. — Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society    47 

South  London  Entomological  Society 48 

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G.  C.  CHAMPION,  F.Z.S.         J.  E.  COLLIN,  F.E.S. 

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E.  W.  LLOYD,  F.E.S.         G.  T.  POEEITT,  F.L.S. 

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SECOND    SERIES-VOL.   XXIII. 

[  VOL.    XLVIII.] 


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March,  1912.]  49 

DESCRIPTION  OF  A  NEW  SPECIES  OF  VESPERUS  FROM  PORTUGAL. 
BY    MALCOLM    CAMERON,    M.B.,    R.N.,    F.E.S. 

Vesperus  reitteri,  11.  sp. 

(? .  Very  similar  to  V.  holivari,  Rttr.,  from  which  it  differs  by  its  rather 
larger  head,  the  coarser  and  more  riig-iilose  piinctiiration  of  the  thorax  and 
elytra,  the  latter  less  strongly  narrowed  at  the  apices,  and  by  the  darker  legs 
and  antennae.  Head  black,  rather  shining,  coarsely,  rngosely  punctured,  its 
width  including  the  eyes  as  broad  as  the  thoi'ax  at  base,  its  length  greater  than 
that  of  the  thorax,  narrowly  impressed  in  the  middle  ;  temples  large,  the  sides 
parallel,  the  posterior  angles  roiinded ;  clothed  with  moderately  long  whitish 
pubescence.  Antemite  pitchy  brown,  reaching  the  apex  of  elytra.  Thorax  black, 
rather  shining,  broader  than  long,  strongly  narrowed  in  front ;  anterior  and  pos- 
terior mai'gins  raised,  the  former  rather  broadly  emarginate  in  middle ;  coarsely, 
rugosely  punctured,  with  a  short  longitudinal  impression  before  sciitelhun, 
clothed  with  rather  long  whitish  pubescence.  Scutellum  black,  punctured  and 
pubescent.  Elytra  chestnut  brown,  rather  shining,  much  broader  than  thorax 
at  the  base,  gradiially  and  distinctly  narrowed  from  base  to  apex,  2^  times  as 
long  as  the  breadth  at  base,  and  completely  covering  the  abdomen  ;  puncturation 
coarse  and  rugulose,  with  traces  of  two  elevated  lines  on  each  elytron  near  base  ; 
pubescence  scanty  and  short.  Underside  of  the  fore-parts  covered  with  long 
whitish  pubescence.  Legs  slender,  pitchy  black,  tarsi  ferruginous.  Length 
19-20  mm.      ?  unknown. 

Taken  near  Lagos,  Portugal,  in  September,  1901,  flying  at  dusk. 
Types  in  my  Collection.  I  am  much  indebted  to  Herr  E.  Reitter  for 
the  loan  of  a  specimen  of  V.  bolivari,  and  to  him  I  dedicate  the  species. 

February  1st,  1912. 


DESCRIPTION  OF  A  NEW  SPECIES  OF  TROGOPHLCEUS  (Sub-gen. 
TJENOSOMA)  FROM  MALTA. 

BY    MALCOLM    CAMERON,    M.B.,    R.N.,    F.E.S. 

Trogophl(eus  championi,  n.  sp. 

Near  T.  halophilus,  Kies.,  but  smaller,  with  notably  smaller  head  and 
narrower  thorax,  which  is  more  strongly  rounded  in  front,  more  narrowed  behind, 
and  more  finely  shagreened ;  the  elytra  considerably  longer ;  and  the  antennaa 
and  legs  lighter  in  colour.  Distinct  from  T.  rufipeniiis,  Epp.,  by  the  structure 
of  the  eyes  and  temples.  Head  black,  rather  diill,  more  finely  shagreened  than 
in  T.  halophilus,  almost  as  broad  as  thorax,  with  slight  pubescence.  Antenna 
with  first  five  joints  testaceous,  the  rest  infuscate  ;  first  two  joints  rather  long 
and  stout,  second  a  little  shorter  than  first,  third  a  little  longer  than  broad, 
fourth  quadrate,  fifth  to  tenth  transverse,  gradually  increasing  in  breadth  ; 
fifth  larger  than  fourth  and  sixth.  Thorax  pitchy-brown,  slightly  broader  than 
long,  sides  strongly  rounded  in  front  and  contracted  behind,  narrower  and  more 


50  [March, 

finely  shagreened  than  in  T.  halo2yhilus,  with  traces  of  four  faint  impressions  on 
the  disc,  sparingly  pubescent  and  rather  dull.  Elytra  pitchy-l>ro\\ai,  i-ather 
shining,  quite  half  as  long  again  as  thorax,  puncturation  shallow  and  moderately 
close,  finer  than  in  T.  halophilus,  Abdomen  black,  rather  shining,  finely  aliitaceoiis 
and  pubescent.     Legs  reddish-testaceous.     Length  1  '2  mm. 

One  specimen  taken  in  November,  1901,  on  the  shores  of  a  marsh  at 
Melleha,  Malta,  witli  T.  troglodytes,  Er.     Type  in  my  Collection. 

I  add  a  Table  which  may  serve"  to  discriminate  the  small  (length 
not  exceeding  1'7  mm.)  species  of  this  genus  which  are  not  furnished 
with  four  distinct  impressions  on  the  disc  of  the  thorax. 

1.  Sides  of  thorax  only  slightly  rounded  in  front  and  only  slightly  contracted 

behind.     Species  narrow  and  elongate 2 

—  Sides  of  thorax  more  strongly  rounded  in  front  and  more  strongly  contracted 

behind 4 

2.  The  whole  l^pper  surface  densely  clothed  with  thick  grey  pubescence ;  deep 

black,  dull,  legs  (except  knees  and  tarsi)  black      Length  1'2  mm.    . 

schneideri,  Ganglb. 

—  The  whole  iipper  svu'face  not  densely  pubescent :  legs  testaceous  3 

3.  Antennae  entirely  testaceous  ;  head  and  thorax  more  finely  shagreened ; 

abdominal  pubescence  more  dense  ;  insect  more  slender  ...     suhtilis,  Er. 

—  Antennae  inf  uscate  towards  apex ;  head  and  thorax  more  coarsely  shagreened ; 

abdominal  pubescence  less  dense  ;  insect  more  robust        gracilis,  Mann. 

4.  Head  and  thorax  very  finely  shagreened,  more  shining,  not  punctured  ...  5 

—  Head  and  thorax  more  coarsely  shagreened,  less  shining,  not  pi^nctured   7 

5.  Elytra  coarsely  and  not  very  thickly  punctured    punctipennis,  Kies. 

—  Elytra  more  finely  and  thickly  punctured      6 

6.  Thorax  aboiit  as  long  as  broad,  elytra  considerably  longer  than  thorax 

exiquus,  Er. 

—  Thorax  broader  than  long,  elytra  but  little  longer  than  thorax 

despectus,  Baudi 

7.  Eyes  large,  temples  shorter  than  diameter  of  eyes  viewed  from  above  . .     8 

—  Eyes  small,  temples  as  long  as  the  diameter  of  eyes  viewed  from  above ; 

elytra  reddish rujipennis,  Epp. 

8.  Abdomen  densely  alutaceous  and  pubescent alutaceus,  Fvl. 

—  Abdomen  much  less  densely  alutaceoiis  and  pubescent   9 

9.  Head  larger ;  size  larger.     Head  and  thorax  more  coarsely  shagreened,  sides 

of  latter  less  strongly  roiinded  in  front  and  less  strongly  contracted 
behind ;  elytra  shorter,  punctviration  coarser  10 

—  Head  smaller  ;  size  smaller.     Head  and  thorax  more  finely  shagTeened,  the 

latter  with  sides  more  rounded  in  front  and  contracted  behind ;  elytra 
longer,  puncturation  finer  championi,  n.  sp. 

10.  Colour  dark  ;  thorax  (usually)  with  small  transverse  impression  at  base ; 

antenna;  and  legs  (usvially )  dark  halophilus,  Kies. 

—  Colour  of  thorax  and  elytra  reddish  ;  thorax  at  base  without  impression  ; 

antennsB  and  legs  reddish-testaceous  v.  simpUcicollis,  WoU. 

January  l^th,  1912, 


1912.]  51 

OCCUEEENCE   IN   ENGLAND   OF    COLEOPHORA    TRIGEMINELLA, 

FucHS,   A   SPECIES   NEW   TO   THE   BEITISH   LIST,   WITH 
NOTES  ON  C.  KRONEELLA,  Fuchs,  AND  C.  BADIIPENNELLA,  Dup. 

BY    EUSTACE    R.    BANKES,    M.A.,    F.E.S.** 

Ill  1907,  my  friend,  Mr.  Alfred  Sich,  forwarded  for  identification 
two  out  of  five  examples  of  a  Coleophora  which  he  had  bred,  in  June 
1906,  from  larvae  found  on  hawthorn,  during  the  preceding  month,  at 
Brentford,  Middlesex,*  and  Putney,  Surrey,  and  had  failed  to  reconcile 
with  any  British  or  Continental  species.  He  remarked  that  the  imago 
was  "  smaller  and  greyer "  than  the  elm-eating  Coleophora  known  to 
him  as  badiijjennella,  and  that  the  lan^al  case,  of  which  two  specimens 
accompanied  the  moths,  had  "  three  keels  at  the  posterior  end  and 
consequently  three  valves,"  whereas  the  short  dark  case  of  badii- 
pennella  only  possessed  two  valves.  The  insect  in  question  was  clearly 
not  identical  with  any  in  the  British  List,  and  was  unknown  to 
me,  but,  on  my  referring  to  Fuchs'  notice  in  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.,  1881, 
pp.  462-463,  it  seemed  evident  that  it  was  trigeminella,  Fuchs.  This 
determination  was  confirmed  by  a  comparison  with  the  solitary  ex- 
ponent, accompanied  by  the  larval  case,  of  trigeminella  in  the  Frey 
Collection — this  is  labelled  in  Frey's  handwriting,  "  C.  trigeminella, 
Fuchs.  Bornich."  The  locality  specified  leaves  little  doubt  that 
the  specimen  was  received  from  Fuchs  himself,  for  his  paper  contain- 
ing the  notes  on  trigeminella  is  headed  "  Microlepidopteren  des 
Eheingaues  von  Pfarrer  A.  Fuchs  in  Bornich."  In  the  course  of  his 
lengthy  notice  (I.e.)  of  "  Coleophora  trigeminella,  n.  sp.,"  Fuchs  stated 
that  he  was  acquainted  with  the  true  hadiipennella  upon  sloe,  but  had 
only  met  with  trigeminella  on  two  young  cherry  trees  in  the  Eheiugau, 
though  it  occurred  in  abundance  on  them — the  moths  emerged  in 
June  and  July  from  larvae  collected  off  the  stems  and  branches  of 
these  two  young  cherry  trees  in  late  May  and  early  June,  but  the 
older  trees  were  searched  in  vain.  No  cases  were  discovered  on  the 
young  foliage,  and  the  larvae  were  never  found  feeding,  though 
presumably  they  had  fed  upon  cherry.  Fuchs  added  that  a  descrip- 
tion of  the  imago  was  needless,  for  it  precisely  resembled  hadiipennella, 
Dup.,  but  that,  whereas  the  case  of  the  latter  is  two-valved,  the  more 
slim  and  cylindrical  case  of  trigeminella,  which  is  yellowish  brown  or 
reddish  brown  in  colour,  is  three- valved,  and  is  also  longer,  measuring 
2j  Paris  lines  [=  5-06  mm.  E.R.B.].  C  trigeminella,  which  is  appar- 
ently scarce  with  us,  has  long  remained  unrecognised  in  this  country, 

*  A  second  Middlesex  locality  for  the  insect  is  Chiswick,  where  Mr.  Sich  found  two  casea  last 
Spring.— E.R.B.,  ix,  1910. 

**  Mr.  Uurrant  has  kindly  edited  tliis  and  the  previous  paper  {ante  pp.  39—44).— 

G.  B.,  15.11.1912. 


52  [March, 

where  the  imago,  while  closely  resemhling  the  dai'lcer  specimens  of  our 
elm-eatiug  species  known  as  hadlipennella,  is  still  darker  (i.e.  greyer) 
in  colour.  This  difference  enabled  me  to  detect  two  examples  of  it 
among  the  individuals  which  formerly  made  up  the  lengthy  series  of 
reputed  hadiipenneUa  in  the  Stainton  British  Collection,  now  in 
the  National  British  Collection.  One  of  these,  which  has  the 
//wee-valved  larval  case  beside  it,  was  bred  by  Stainton  in  1851 
from  a  larva  found  on  ash  at  Lewisham,  while  the  other  was 
captured  while  sitting  on  hawthorn*  at  Lewisham,  by  Stainton,  on 
June  29th,  1878.  Kent,  therefore,  shares  with  Middlesex  and  Surrey 
the  distinction  of  having  produced  this  interesting  Coleophora .  The 
National  British  Collection  also  includes,  in  the  series  of  hadiipenneUa , 
four  specimens  from  J.  F.  Stephens'  Collection,  labelled  as  having 
been  so  named  by  him** ;  these  are,  in  my  opinion,  referable  to 
trigemineUa,  Fuchs.  The  fact  that  Stainton,  after  breeding  the  latter 
from  ash,  identified  it  as  hadiipennella,  suggests  the  thought  that 
some,  at  least,  of  the  reputed  hadiipenncUa  that  have  been  recorded  as 
bi*ed  from,  or  captured  amongst,  ash,  may  have  been  trigemineUa. 

Fuchs  himself  confused  these  insects  at  first,  and  in  Stett.  Ent. 
Zeit.,  1880,  applied  the  name  badiipennella  to  the  C oleophor awhich,  in 
the  following  year,  he  described  (Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.,  1881,  pp.  462-463) 
as  trigemineUa,  n.  sp. 

IJntil  Fuchs,  in  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.,  1899,  p.  183,  brought  forward 
Coleopliora  hroneeUa,  as  new  to  science,  this  species  (=  trigemineUa, 
Ebl.,  Z.-B.  v.,  1889,  p.  322 — nee  Fuchs)  and  trigemineUa,  Fuchs, 
had  for  some  years  been  confused  together  imder  the  latter  name,  and 
the  specimens  hitherto  standing  as  "  trigemineUa  "  in  both  the  Ottmar 
Hofmann  and  Stainton  Collections  are  really  hroneeUa,  and  are  now 
so  named.  Hofmann's  individuals  have  with  them  the  larval  cases, 
labelled  as  from  wild  pear,  and  as  received  from  Professor  Krone,  who 
first  discovered  the  insect  at  Vienna,  while  Stainton's  two  specimens, 
also  accompanied  by  the  cases,  are  labelled  by  Staudinger,  from  whom 
they  were  received  in  1891,  as  "Coleophora  trigemineUa,  Austria." 
Fuchs,  in  his  original  notice  of  hroneeUa  (I.e.)  says  that  it  is  separable, 
at  the  first  glance,  from  trigemineUa  by  its  colouring,  which  is  quite 
different  and  of  a  much  cleaner  grey,  and  that  the  fore-wing  of  the 
former  measures  5  mm.,  whereas  that  of   trigemineUa   is  only  4-4' 5 

*  It  is  upon  hawtlioni  that  Mr.  Sifh  has  found  the  larva  of  C.  tri(/(iiiii><llii.—E.R.B. 

■■'  These  modern  laliels  should  not  he  too  much  relied  upon,  for  1  have  been  told,  on  good 
authority,  that  the  Stephens  Collection  was  rearranged  by  Stainton  after  Stejihens'  death. 
Stainton  would  naturally  have  corrected  any  of  Stephens'  determinations  which  he  believed  to 
be  erroneous,  but  there  is  no  record  of  alteratiou-s  in  nomenclature  thus  made.— E.R.B. 


1912.]  53 

mm.  in  length.  He  also  tells  us  that  the  case  of  kroneella  is  5-5  mm. 
long,  and  has,  at  the  end,  three  valves,  which,  however,  are  poorly 
developed.  I  may  add  that,  in  hr<>neeUa,  the  fore-wing  is  broader,  and 
the  costa  is  noticeably  less  straight,  than  in  its  ally.  Fuchs  recorded 
wild  pear  as  a  proven  food  of  Jcroneella,  and  he  believed  that  some 
cases  found  upon  Sorhus  aria  were  also  referable  to  this  species — 
these,  however,  yielded  no  imagines.  When  introducing  hroneella  as 
new  to  science,  Fuchs  stated  that  the  only  two  certain  localities  for 
the  true  trigeminella  were  Bornich  and  Kissingen,  but  the  Walsingham 
Collection  contains  four  examples  from  Rachlau,  in  Saxony — these, 
which  were  bred  in  June,  1901,  from  Sorhus  aucuparia,  were  fon\^arded 
by  Prince  Aristides  de  Caradja  who  had  received  them  from  Schiitze. 

My  reasons  for  not  having  added  G.  trigeminella.  to  the  British 
List  until  now  are  as  follows.  In  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.,  1881,  p.  462, 
Fuchs  stated  that  the  imago  was  so  precisely  similar  to  that  of 
hadiipennella  that  a  description  of  it  was  needless,  and  as  I  had 
for  many  years  past,  suspected  that  three  species  were  confused 
together  under  the  name  "  hadiipennella,  Dup.,"  it  was  obviously 
desirable  that  this  supposed  confusion  should  be  cleared  up  when 
dealing  with  trigeminella.  Owing  to  the  recent  arrival  at  the  British 
Museum  (Nat.  Hist.)  of  the  Walsingham,  Zeller,  and  O.  Hofmann 
Collections,  and  Duponchel's  original  drawings  of  Lepidoptera,  it 
has  now  been  possible  to  attempt  to  investigate  the  matter. 

The  three  supposed  species  wliich  seemed  to  require  separation 
were : — 

(1)  BadiipenneUa,  Dup. 

Duponchel's  original  drawing  shows  an  ochreous  Coleoplwra  with 
noticeable  suggestions  of  some  faint  paler  longitudinal  lines  on  the 
fore- wings.  The  piiblished  figm-e  (Sup.  iv,  PL  78,  fig.  14),  as  is  often 
the  case,  agrees  very  badly  with  the  original  drawing,  and  shows  the 
fore-wings  unicolourous  deep  ochreous,  evenly  speckled  all  over  with 
minute  black  dots.  I  made  an  independent  note  nine  years  ago  that 
the  figure,  except  for  the  black  dots,  looks  much  like  hitipennella. 
Duponchel  (Sup.  iv,  p.  346)  says  that  he  received  the  insect  from 
"M.  Parreyss"  {=  Mann,  ieste  Zeller),  under  the  name  hadiipennella, 
which  his  correspondent  attributed  to  Fischer  von  Eoslerstamm. 
Its  foodplant  was  maple,  upon  which  Mann  found  it  commonly  at 
Vienna,  and  rarely  at  Leghorn,  as  we  leam  from  Zeller  in  Lin.  Ent., 
iv,  p.  402. 

(2)  BadiipenneUa,  Zell.,  Lin.   Ent,,  iv,  401-403  (1849)  ,    H.-S.,  680 
(1853),  V,  p.  236  (1856) ;  Frey,  Tin.  Pter.  Schweiz,  225  (1856). 


54  [March., 

In  this  species  the  costa  of  the  strongly  ochreous  fore-wing  is 
white  to  about  two-thirds,  and  the  short  basal  joint  of  the  antennae 
is  much  thickened.  Neither  of  these  peculiarities  is  mentioned  in 
Dupouchel's  description,  nor  showai  in  the  original  drawing  or  pub- 
lished figure.  This  form  is  illustrated  by  nearly  all  the  Zeller  series 
(part  of  which  was  received  from  Breslau,  from  Wocke),  and  by  the 
Frey  and  O.  Hofmann  series ;  and  sloe  (Prumis  sjnnosa)  is  mentioned 
as  its  foodplant  on  the  label  of  one  of  the  Zeller  and  more  than  one 
of  the  Hofmann  specimens — in  the  case  of  the  others  the  foodplant  is 
not  stated.  Some  of  Frey's  five  specimens,  which  are  all  conspecific,  were 
identified  as  hadiipennella  by  Herrich-Schaffer.  Zeller  himself  (J.c.') 
and  Frey  (J.c.)  clearly  indicate  that  they  were  doubtful  whether  their 
hadiifennella  was  identical  with  hadiipenneUa,  Dup.,  and  the  former 
says  that  Duponchel's  published  figure  reminds  one  of  luti'pennella. 
This  form  is  much  like  milvi^pennis,  Z.,  but  not  so  strongly  ochreous, 
and  its  case  is  altogether  different. 
(3)  BadUpenneUa,  Stn.,  I.  B.  Lep.  Tin.,  224  (1854),  etc.,  Auct.  Angl. 

This  form  only  differs  from  the  last  in  being  decidedly  darker  in 
its  groimd-colour,  which,  although  somewhat  variable,  may  be  described 
as  usually  ochreous-brown.  Stainton  [Man.  ii,  384  (1859)]  gives  ash 
and  elm  as  its  foodplants,  and,  although  decidedly  local,  it  has  often 
been  bred  in  Britain  from  the  latter  tree.  It  is  noteworthy  that 
the  only  continental  specimens  that  I  have  seen,  precisely  identical 
with  our  British  ones,  are  ten,  standing  in  the  Stainton  Con- 
tinental series  of  hadiipennella,  and  labelled  as  bred  in  1870  from 
"  Elm,  Paris,  Ragonot." 

From  the  other  point  of  view,  the  following  notes  were  made  in 
favour  of  Nos.  1  and  2  being  identical.  Duponchel  states  on  Mann's* 
authority,  that  Fischer  von  Roslerstamm  first  bestowed  the  MS.  name 
hadiipennella  on  the  insect,  and  seeing  that  Mann  communicated  the 
species  to  Duponchel,  Duponchel's  hadiipennella  should  be  identical  with 
Fischer's.  Now,  in  the  Zeller  series,  there  is  a  specimen  bearing  a 
written  label,  "  Badiipennella,  Tosc.  FR.  661,"  which  shows  that  the 
moth  came  from  Tuscany,  through  Fischer  von  Roslerstamm— it  is  very 
noticeable  that  it  has  a  conspicuous  white  costal  stripe  from  the  base  to 
beyond  the  middle,  thus  agreeing  with  hadiipennella,  Z.  Again, 
Herrich-Schaffer,  in  Syst.  Bear.  Schmet.  Eiu-.,  v,  p.  235,  no.  670 
(1856),  states  that  he  possesses  eight  specimens  of  hadiipennella  from 
Fischer  von  Roslerstamm' s  collection,  and  since  his  figure  (fig.  680) 

*    ZcUer,   in   Lin.   Ent.,    vii,   348  (1S.V2),   .states   that   Duponchel    always    used    the    name 
"Parreyss"  instead  of  "  Jlauii." — E.R.B. 


1912.]  55 

shows  the  costa  distinctly  white  to  beyoiid  the  middle,  one  cannot 
doubt  that  this  characteristic  was  present  in  the  eight  individuals  in 
question.  We  learn,  therefore,  that  hadiipemieUa,  F.E.  (MS.)  is 
identical  with  hadiipenneUa,  Zell.,  H.-S.,  which  makes  it  all  the 
more  difficult  to  understand  why  Duponchel's  description  and  figure 
apparently  represent  a  distinct  species. ' 

Again,  it  became  evident  that,  if  nos.  2  and  3  were  to  be  satisfac- 
torily separated,  long  series  of  the  former,  labelled  with  the  foodplants 
from  which  they  were  bred,  would  be  necessary  for  comparison,  for 
although  no.  3  appeared,  on  the  whole,  decidedly  darker,  it  seemed  im- 
possible to  say  to  which  form  some  of  the  imagines  (probably  caiight) 
belonged. 

At  my  request,  Mons.  I'Abbe  J.  de  Joannis  has  kindly  searched 
in  the  Paris  Museum,  and  has  found  a  single  specimen  which  may  well 
be  regarded  as  Duponchel's  original  type  of  hadiipenneUa.  Of  its  four 
labels,  one  shows  that  it  stood  in  Duponchel's  collection,  whilst 
another  reads  "  hadiipenneUa,  f  .E.,"  and  was  almost  certainly  written 
by  Duponchel  himself,  from  the  attribution  of  the  name  to 
Fischer  von  Eoslerstamm  who  never  rendered  it  valid.  My  corres- 
pondent informs  me  that  the  specimen  is  rubbed,  and  has  the 
base  of  the  fore-wing  up  to  beyond  the  middle  partially  denuded 
of  scales ;  the  rest  of  this  portion,  together  with  the  posterior 
half  of  the  wing  and  the  inner  margin,  are  of  a  reddish  ochreous 
colour,  which  corresponds  very  well  with  Duponchel's  published 
figure.  Mons.  de  Joannis  adds  that  the  costa  is  distinctly  yellowish 
wliite  as  far  as  the  middle,  and  suggests,  as  the  probable  ex- 
planation of  the  omission  of  this  characteristic  from  Duponchel's 
description,  original  drawing,  and  published  figure,  that  Duponchel, 
noticing  that  the  insect  was  somewhat  worn,  erroneously  assumed  that 
the  whitish  costal  stripe  was  due  to  discoloration,  and  that  the  imago, 
when  fresh,  was  unicolorous  reddish  ochreous.  He  fui'ther  suggests 
that,  as  regards  the  indications  of  paler  lines  on  the  fore- wings  in  the 
original  drawing,  the  artist  may  have  laid  rather  too  much  stress  on  the 
appearance  of  the  rubbed  portions.  Mons.  1' Abbe's  valuable  informa- 
tion leads  us  to  the  conclusion  that  Duponchel's  description  and 
drawing  are  faulty,  and  that  in  spite  of  all  appearances  to  the  contrary, 
both  Duponchel  and  Zeller  used  the  name  hadiipenneUa  for  the  same 
species  of  Coleophora. 

As  regards  the  further  question  whether  hadiipenneUa,  Auct. 
Angl.,  is  identical  with  hadiipenneUa,  Dup.,  Zell., — Mons.  I'Abbe  de 


56  LMarcli, 

Joannis,  after  examining  the  collection  formed  jointly  by  liis  brother 

and  himself,  and  that  of  Eagonot,  finds  nothing  to  support  the  idea 

that   they  are   distinct.     Eagonot's  six  specimens,  like  those  which 

Stainton  received  from  him,  were  bred  from  elm,  some  of  them  in 

1875,  and  are  rather  light  reddish  brown.     Those  in  the  de  Joannis 

Collection  were  bred  by  Mons.  I'Abbe  L.  de  Joannis  from  larvne  found  in 

the  departement  du  Morbihan  on  Primus  spmosa,  which  is  the  only 

foodplant  upon  which  he  has  found  the  insect.     The  general  colour  of 

the  wings  is  brown,  usually  rather  dark— one  of  the  bred  specimens 

was  identified  by  Lord  Walsingham  as  Coleoplwra  hadiipennella. 

My  object  in  treating  of  hadiipennella  so  fully  is,  if  possible,  to 

prevent  others,  who  may  be  confronted  with  the  difiiculties  of  the 

question,  from  being  led  to  form  erroneous  conclusions,  which  may 

appear  justified  at  first,  but  which  will  not  stand  the  test  of  a  fuller 

investigation. 

Norden,  Corfe  Castle  : 
September,  1910. 


ANOTHEE   HUNDEED   NEW   BEITISH   SPECIES   OF   DIPTERA. 
BY    THE    LATE    G.    H.    VERRALL,    F.E.S. 

(Continued  from  Vol.  xlviii,  page  27). 

39.  Hercostomus  subsimplicipes,  n.  sp.  H.  nigriplanti  siniillima, 
sed  tarsorum  intermediorum  articulo  ultimo  valde  simpliciore. 

Col.  Yerbury  took  a  long  series  of  this  species  at  Porthcawl 
in  July,  1906,  and  their  examination  has  compelled  me  to  consider 
them  distinct  from  H.  nigriplantis,  though  the  only  clear  distinction  I 
can  find  lies  in  the  almost  simple  last  joint  of  the  middle  tarsi  in  the 
male.  if.  sahlbergi  is  another  very  closely  allied  species,  but  has 
spines  beneath  the  basal  joint  of  the  middle  tarsi.  Some  slight 
distinctions  from  H.  nigriflantis  may  exist  in  the  less  darkened 
anterior  part  of  the  wings,  while  the  wings  have  a  blackish  rather 
than  a  brownish  hue,  though  this  is  discounted  by  the  fact  that  many 
Diptera  such  as  Beris  genicidata,  Sargus  iridatus,  &c.,  taken  at  Porth- 
cawl in  1906,  have  an  unusually  blackish  hue  on  the  wings  ;  there 
may  also  be  a  more  greenish  (instead  of  slightly  dusted  bronze)  hue 
on  the  thorax,  and  the  genital  lamellae  may  have  a  slightly  shorter 
fringe.  The  end  joint  of  the  middle  tarsi  in  if.  srdjsimplicipes  is  not 
absolutely  simple,  but  the  dilation  is  so  slight  as  to  be  very  incon- 
spicuous ;  the  thin  spine  at  the  end  of  the  front  tibia;  is  longer  in 
if.  siibsimplicipes  and  the  hind  tibite  less  blackened  at  the  tip,  while  I 
think  the  face  is  narrower. 


1912.]  S7 

Col.  Yerbury  again  found  it  in  large  numbers  at  Bridgend  and 
at  Port  Talbot  in  Glamorganshire,  on  July  29th,  1908,  on  the  black 
mud  of  the  estuary  up  to  August  11th,  sitting  on  pebbles  in  the  middle 
of  the  river. 

40.  Gymnopternus  breviconiis,  Staeg. :  A  male  was  taken  by 
Col.  Yerbury  at  Nethy  Bridge  on  June  19th,  1905.  It  is  very  closely 
allied  to  G.  ater,  but  has  dark  lamellte  to  the  male  hypopygium. 

41.  G.  angustifrons,  Staeg.:  I  introduced  this  little  species  as 
British  in  1875  upon  the  strength  of  a  specimen  so  named  by  Loew  ; 
subsequent  examination  of  the  specimen  convinced  me  (as  I  stated  in 
1881)  that  it  was  only  a  small  female  G.  cvpreus.  I  am  now  however 
convinced  that  a  male  taken  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  at  Moccas  Pool  on 
September  24th,  1910,  belongs  to  true  G.  angmtlfrom,  and  I  have 
compared  it  with  Continental  specimens  named  by  Kowarz. 

42.  Chrysottcs  svuvis,  Lw. :  Col.  Yerbury  again  took  C.  palustris 
at  Porthcawl  in  1906,  and  at  Port  Talbot,  Pyle,  and  Bridgend  in 
August,  1908,  l)ut  he  also  took  two  males  of  the  closely  allied  C.  suavis 
at  Porthcawl  on  June  11th,  1906,  one  male  at  Bridgend  on  July  29th, 
1908,  and  a  pair  on  August  16th.  C.  suavis  has  the  face  narrower 
than  in  G.  palustris,  the  anterior  tibiae  paler,  and  the  minute  bristly 
hairs  on  the  abdomen  pale. 

43.  C.  melampodius,  Lw. :  While  dealing  with  this  genus  I  may 
as  well  record  this  and  the  following  species  as  being  probably  British. 
The  distinctive  chai-acters  are  very  difficult  to  follow,  but  I  believe 
I  have  several  specimens  of  C.  melampodius  from  Brockenhurst, 
Dolgelly,  Hever,  Porthcawl,  &c. 

44.  C.  varians,  Kow.  :  The  distinctive  characters  between 
C.  gramineus,  angulicornis,  microcerus,  and  varians  as  given  by 
Kowarz  are  very  difficult  to  follow,  but  I  have  so  much  faith  in 
Kowarz's  critical  eye  that  I  believe  they  must  be  distinct  species.  At 
one  time  I  doubted  his  new  species  of  Medeterus  allied  to  M.  trun- 
corum,  btit  I  am  now  convinced  that  Kowarz  was  right.  Under  these 
circumstances  I  may  say  that  I  think  I  have  taken  C.  varia7is  at  such 
widely  divergent  localities  as  Lyndhurst,  Piu-ley,  Stokenchurch,  and 
Eannoch. 

45.  Argyra  grata,  Lw. :  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  took  a  male  of  this 
well-marked  species  at  Pentebro',  in  Herefordshire,  on  August  3rd, 
1909,  and  he  also  took  three  females  at  Moccas  on  August  10th. 
A.  confinis  and  A.  atriceps  appear  to  be  fairly  common  in  Herefordshire. 


58  [March, 

46.  Porpliyrops  frada,  Lw. :  I  feel  compelled  to  refer  to  this 
species  a  pair  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nethy  Bridge  on  June  18th » 

1905,  and  a  female  from  Brodie  on  June  9th.  The  male  answers  in 
every  detail  to  Loew's  description  and  also  to  two  specimens  in 
Kowarz's  collection,  except  that  the  remarkable  bend  or  fracture  of 
the  cubital  vein  (whence  the  name  "frada'''')  is  practically  absent. 

47.  Syntormoti  spicatus,  Lw. :  This  little  species  is  very  much 
like  the  common  S.  jjallipes,  but  has  shorter  antennse  in  the  male  and 
a  ciliated  (instead  of  bifid)  thorn  beneath  the  basal  joint  of  the  hind 
tarsi.  It  was  taken  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  at  Middle  Park  Wood,  and 
Stoke  Wood,  near  Tarringtou,  in  the  summers  of  1906  and  1907. 

48.  S.  filiger,  nov.  nom.  {rufipes,  Zett.)  :  This  exceedingly  rare 
little  species  was  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Walton-on-Naze  on 
August  23rd,  and  near  Woodbridge  on  August  24th,  1907,  while  1 
took  a  female  at  Aldeburgh  on  September  19th.  In  1908  Col. 
Yerbury  took  several  specimens  at  Christchurch  on  May  21st.  Its 
greyish  green  colour  and  the  peculiar  hanging  thread-like  liristly  hair 
beneath  the  second  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  are  very  distinctive.  There 
can  be  no  doubt  about  this  species  being  the  8.  rtifipes  of  Staeger, 
Zetterstedt,  and  Mik,  as  I  have  seen  the  original  Danish  specimen  and 
Mik's  figures  are  immistakable,  biit  to  identify  it  with  Meigen's 
Bhaphium  rufipes  seems  to  me  a  wild  stretch  of  imagination. 

49.  Achalcus  melanotridms,  Mik. — A  few  specimens  of  this 
species  were  bred  from  the  rotten  debris  obtained  from  a  hollow  in 
a  living  horse-chestnut  tree  at  Snailwell  in  Cambridgeshire  in  June, 

1906,  and  two  more  from  similar  debris  in  an  elm  at  Lakenheath  in 
June,  1907.  Mik  described  it  in  1878  from  specimens  fovmd  on 
ulcei'ous  trunks  of  horse-chestnut  trees  in  Vienna.  It  is  easily 
distinguished  from  A.  cineretis  l3y  its  black  bristles,  but  there  are 
numerous  distinctions  in  the  male.  The  specimen  which  I  previously 
recorded  with  doubt  under  A.  cinereus  from  Thetford  belonged  to 
this  species. 

50.  Thrypticus  divisus,  Strobl.  :  The  genus  Thrypticiis  is  still 
very  imperfectly  known,  and  only  two  species  are  included  in  Kertesz's 
"  Katalog,"  and  those  two  are  Iraown  from  japparently  less  than  a 
dozen  specimens.  I  have  this  year  l)een  examining  considerably  over 
a  hundred  British  specimens  and  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  we 
possess  six  or  seven  species.  The  first  one,  T.  divisus,  Strobl.,  is  one 
of  the  most  distinct,  even  though  it  was  subsequently  sunk  by  its  own 
author  as  a  synonym  or  variety  of  T.  belius.     I  take  its  identification 


1912.]  59 

from  some  specimens  which  were  in  Kowarz's  coUectiou.  It  is  larger 
than  any  other  species  known  to  me,  and  has  the  arista  conspicuously 
thick  and  ending  bluntly  with  its  pubescence  becoming  more  dense 
towards  the  tip.  This  is  the  species  referred  to  by  me  in  this  Maga- 
zine in  May,  1905,  page  108,  as  having  been  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at 
Nairn.  On  July  5th,  1909,  a  large  number  of  Thryptici  occurred  near 
Weybridge,  and  amongst  them  were  three  males  of  this  species. 

51.  T.  Isetns,  u.  sp. :  Bright  green.  Smaller  than  T.  divisus,  but 
larger  than  T.  hellns,  and  distinguished  from  all  other  species  by  the 
greater  curvature  of  the  radial  vein  ;  the  radial  vein  is  so  much  curved 
that  the  radial  and  cubital  veins  slightly  diverge  at  their  ends; 
discal  cross-vein  about  three  times  its  own  length  from  the  wing- 
margin.  Arista  long,  blunt  at  the  tip,  almost  equally  thick,  and  not 
pubescent,  with  its  basal  joint  enlarged  ;  third  anteunal  joint  fairly 
large.  Face  broad  on  the  upper  part,  and  binght  green.  Bristles  on 
the  vertex  and  postvertex  blackish,  and  even  those  on  the  disc  of  the 
thorax  darker  than  usual  in  this  genus ;  acrostichal  bristles  numerous 
(9-12)  and  small.  Legs  black ;  all  knees  obviously  orange,  tro- 
chanters obscurely  orange,  middle  tibise  obscurely  brownish  orange, 
or  even  brownish  yellow,  and  sometimes  the  hind  tibiae  obscurely 
brownish  orange,  while  occasionally  tlie  front  tibise  are  brown.  Genital 
lamellae  blackish  brown.  The  female  may  be  known  by  its  size,  its 
bkmt  arista,  and  by  the  curved  discal  vein. 

This  species  was  in  abundance  about  the  margin  of  a  shallow 
pond  at  St.  George's  Hill,  Weybridge,  on  July  5tli,  1909,  and  I  have 
also  I'eceived  specimens  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Porthcawl  which 
were  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  in  August,  1908.  Altogether  I  have 
examined  19  males  and  8  females  of  this  species.  All  the  species  of 
Thryjdicus  mentioned  in  this  paper  have  distinct  male  hypopygia, 
but  elaborate  microscopical  drawings   would   be   necessary   to   show 

the  details. 

(To  be  continued). 


ON  THE  HYBOS  GR0S8IPES,  L.,  OF  THE  BRITISH  LIST. 
BY    A.    Ef.    J.    CARTER. 

Referring  to  my  note  on  "  Hybos  culiciformis,  Fab.,  in  Scotland" 
(E.  M.  M.,  1911,  p.  161),  I  ought,  perhaps,  to  point  out  that 
culiciformis,  as  there  recorded,  is  the  species  standing  in  our  List  as 
grossipes,  L.,  and  that  the  insect  I  recorded  as  grossipes  is  an  addition 
to  our  List.     I  thought  at  the  time  that  this  might  be  so,  as  according 


60  [March, 

to  my  records,  culiciformis  appeared  to  be  a  common  and  widely 
distributed  species,  and  grossipes  a  rare  and  local  one ;  in  fact,  I  had  it 
from  only  three  localities — all  in  Perthshire.  My  supposition  has  since 
been  confirmed. 

When  my  note  appeared,  the  late  Mr.  Verrall  expressed  a  wish, 
through  Mr.  Collin,  to  see  the  insect  I  called  (jrossipes,  as  he  did  not 
appear  to  possess  it,  all  his  so-called  grossipes  being,  according  to 
Lundbeclc,  culiciformis,  Fab.  After  examination  of  both  sexes 
Mr.  Verrall  stated  that  my  specimens  represented  a  distinct  species, 
and  one  that  was  quite  new  to  him.  As  already  stated,  I  follow 
Lundbeck  (Diptera  Danica,  1910)  in  regard  to  nomenclature,  as  his 
discussion  of  the  synonymy  seems  convincing. 

It  may  be  useful  to  point  out  in  tabular  form  the  characteristic 
differences  between  the  three  species  of  this  genus,  so  that  collectors 
who  come  across  grossipes  may  easily  identify  it.  Records  of  its 
occurrence  outside  Perthshire  would  be  of  interest.* 

(1)  (2).     Thorax  brightly  shining,  with  a  distinct  median  stripe  of  short  yellow 

pubescence ;   the  margins  also  with  such  pubescence.     Anterior 
tibiffi  and  tarsi  reddish,  in  <?  with  long  hairs     . .  .femoratus,  Miill. 

(2)  (1).     Thorax  only  slightly  shining  ;  no  median  stripe.     Legs  dark. 

(3)  (-i).     Notopleural  and  postalar  bristles  yellow ;  also  marginal  bristles  on 

scutellum.      J  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  withovit  long  hairs,  and 

genitalia  very  large     culiciformis,  Fab. 

(4))   (3).     The  above  mentioned  bristles  black.     Hind  femora  very  thick.      <J 

anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  long  hairs,  and  genitalia  small  . . 

grossipes,  L. 
Blairgowrie,  Perthshire : 

January  12th,  1912. 


PSALLVS  VITELLINUS,  Scholtz: 

AN  ADDITION  TO  THE  LIST  OF  BKITISH  HEMIPTEEA. 

BY   E.   A.    BUTLER,   B.A.,   B.Sc,   F.E.S. 

The  discovery  of  this  little  Capsid  in  Britain  is  due  to 
Mr.  Jas.  Edwards,  who  took  six  specimens  in  a  plantation  at  Colesborne, 
Cheltenham,  on  the  26th  July,  last  year. 

PSALLUS    VITELLINUS.  Scholtz. 

Uniformly  flavo-  or  rufo-testaceous,  and  covered   with   a  pale   yellowish 

pubescence  which  is  easily  abraded.     Membrane  slightly  diisky,  with  a  minute 

pale  spot  just  below  the  apex  of  the  cuneus ;  cell-nerves  concolorous  with  the 

hemelytra,  the  colour  spreading  from  them  as  an  irregiilar  border.     Legs  and 

antennie    concolorous  with   the  hemelytra,   the  antennae    with    indications  of 

*  Col.  J.  W.   Yerbnry  caught  ff.  ffrosKiprx,  L.,  last  year  in  Sutherland  (Lochiiivcr,  in  June) 
and  Invemess-shire  (Nethy  Bridge  and  Spey  Bridge,  in  July  and  August).— J.  E.  C. 


19120  61 

two  blackish  rings  on  the  basal  joint,  and  sometimes  with  the  base  of  the 
second  joint  black.  Femora  with  a  few  blackish-brown  spots.  Tibise  with  black 
spines  springing-  from  black  spots,  and  with  the  extreme  base  black. 
Length  2|  mm. 

In  its  uniform  coloration,  and  the  markings  on  the  antennae  and 
tibise,  this  little  insect  resembles  a  Plagiognathus,  but  from  that  genus 
it  differs  in  the  absence  of  strong  black  hairs  on  the  hemelytra,  and  in 
the  greater  length  of  the  terminal  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi,  which  is 
much  longer  than  the  second ;  the  eyes  also  are  granulate  instead  of 
smooth.  From  our  other  British  Psalli  it  may  be  easily  distinguished  by 
its  uniform  colour  and  its  small  size,  and  by  being  the  only  species  which 
has  the  base  of  the  tibise  black.  On  the  Continent  it  is  associated  with 
coniferous  trees,  and  has  been  taken  in  France,  Grermany,  Switzerland, 
the  Tyrol,  and  Grreece.  Mr.  Edwards  took  his  examples  by  sweeping, 
and  he  thus  writes  of  them  : — "  If  the  species  really  lives  exclusively  on 
conifers,  it  must  have  been  introduced  to  the  Colesborne  station  with 
young  trees,  and  equally  certainly,  must  have  lived  in  this  country  for 
at  least  ten  years.  I  could  not  decide  whether  my  specimens  came  from 
young  conifers,  young  hard- woods,  or  the  rough  herbage  round." 

I  have  to  thank  Mr.  Edwards  for  very  kindly  presenting  me  with 
most  of  his  specimens. 

56,  Cecile  Park,  Croiich  End,  N.  : 
February  13th,  1912. 


TWO   ECTOPARASITES    (MALLOPHAGA)    FEOM   THE   SNIPE 

(GALLINAGO    CMLESTI8,  Frenzel)  ; 

FROM   NORTHMAVINE,    SHETLAND. 

BY    JAMES   WATERSTON,   B.D.,  B.Sc. 

During  the  first  week  of  September,  1911,  there  were  secured  from 
snipe,  shot  in  Northmavine  by  my  friend,  Mr.  R.  H.  MacNair,  I.C.S., 
a  number  of  Mallophaga,  amongst  which  two  species  of  some  interest 
occurred.  One  of  these,  Nirmus  truncattis,^  N.,  is  represented  by  a  good 
series ;  the  other,  Docophoms  fiirmoides,^  P.  var.,  by  three  examples 
only. 

Nirmus  truncatiis,  N.  (=  scolopacis,  D.),  is  easily  recognised. 
The  breadth  of  the  clypeus,  the  normally  straight  or  slightly  concave 
anterior  edge,  the  dark  signature,  the  length  of  the  trabeculse,  the 
peculiar  contraction  of  the  metathorax  laterally  towards  the  prothorax, 


62  [March, 

the  parallel- sided  first  abdominal  segment,  the  narrow  median  '  furrow  ' 
reaching  to  the  middle  of  the  sixth  segment,  are  together  characteristic 
features.3 

Denny's  specimens  were  "  communicated  by  Mr.  Wallace  from 
Douglas,  Isle  of  Man,  who  found  it  upon  the  Common  Snipe  (ScoIojmx 
gallinago)  .^  Piaget  obtained  examples  from  the  same  host,  and  also  from 
Phalaropus  hyperhorciis,  '  en  grande  nombre. ' "  In  the  New  World,  the 
representative  form  is  the  var.  marginocepliahis,^  Carriker,  which 
has  been  taken  from  Gallbmgo  clelicata  and  Lams  franklini  (straggler). 

Constant  generic  criteria  are  often  difiicult  to  find  amongst 
Mallophaga.  Thus,  while  the  specific  identity  of  an  example  may  not 
be  in  doubt,  its  systematic  position  may  be  uncertain.  Docophorus 
nirmoides,  P.,  falls  in  the  debatable  ground  between  Docophortis  and 
Nirmus.  Piaget  found  his  types  "  sur  un  Numenius*arqnata  (Jardin 
Zool.  de  Rotterdam)."  There  is,  in  my  collection,  a  single  Nirmoid 
Docophorus  from  this  host  (Shetland),  but  it  does  not  appear  to  be 
Piaget's  nirmoides,  though  the  pi^esent  three  specimens  are  referable  to 
that  species.  They  differ  hardly  at  all  from  the  original  description  as 
regards  markings  and  chsetotaxy,  but  considerably  in  measurements. 
As  Piaget  has  demonstrated  the  taxonomic  value  of  such  differences, 
it  has  seemed  advisable  to  make  a  new  variety.  "  Les  Pediculines  "  is 
a  somewhat  inaccessible  work,  and  the  following  description  may  be 
given. 

Docophorus  nirmoides  var.  major. 

Head  elongate,  produced  with  almost  parallel  sides  in  front  of  the  trabeculse, 
which  are  moderate,  movable,  and  somewhat  acute.  First  antennal  joint 
set  rather  deeply  in  head,  clypeus  broadly  truncate ;  forehead,  with  seven  hairs 
on  each  side,  two  anteriorly,  one  at  edge,  and  another  a  short  distance  from  edge, 
two  close  set  at  the  suture,  and  two  behind  suture,  and  one,  very  tiny,  just  before 
the  trabecula.  In  the  S  there  is  a  short  fine  hair  rising  with  the  anterior  pair, 
but  from  the  underside  of  the  clypeus.  This  may  be  the  eighth  of  which  Piaget 
speaks.  Signature  broad,  with  straight  edge,  and  much  produced  posteriorly, 
ending  before  the  mandibles,  not  reaching  them  as  in  the  type.  One  moderate 
hair  at  tlie  eye,  and  two  longer  at  the  rounded  temples;  occiput  slightly 
re-entrant.  Occipital  bands  broad,  dividing  the  posterior  region  of  the  head  into 
three  equal  areas.  Between  their  bases  the  marginal  band  of  the  occiput  is 
broadly  defined. 

Prothorax,  dorsal  spot  entire,  margins  thickened  and  darker,  one  postero- 
lateral hair. 

MetatJwrax  pointed  over  the  abdomen,  dorsal  mark  divided,  posterior  row  of 
long  hairs  on  clear  spots  ("pustules  incolorees"  of  Piaget). 

Abdomen.     First  segment  with  parallel  sides ;  owing  to  the  shape  of  this 


1912.]  63 

segment,  the  metathorax  seems  to  project  far  on  either  side — a  breadth  sufficient 
for  the  implanting  of  three  hairs.  Dorsal  mark  interrupted,  segs.  1 — 7  (?)  or 
1 — 5  (  J  ),  by  a  clear  furrow.  Stigmatic  spaces  clear,  but  more  sharply  defined 
than  in  the  type.  Eighth  seg.  ?  entirely  coloui-ed ;  ninth,  with  two  spots  and 
two  small  terminal  spines.  In  the  <?  (seg.  6),  the  two  spots  into  which  the 
dorsal  band  is  divided  are  broader  at  the  sides  than  towards  the  middle.  On  7, 
the  markings  are  reduced  to  a  continuous  band,  much  narrower  in  the  middle ; 
on  8,  the  band  is  indistinct  save  at  sides.  The  ninth  shows  two  spots,  confluent 
medianly.  In  both  sexes,  the  eighth  and  ninth  segs.  are  well  developed.  There 
is  an  incomplete  transverse  posterior  rov/^  of  long  hairs  on  each  of  abdominal 
segs.  1 — 7,  one  hair  near  edge  behind  stigma,  and  one  or  two  on  each  side  of 
the  median  fiirrow.     These  arise  from  clear  spots. 

The  above  description  from  the  Shetland  specimens  shows  differ- 
ences which  may  be  summarised  thus  : — signature  not  to  mandibles  ; 
a  more  prolonged  uncoloured  'furrow,'  which  reaches  the  prothorax ; 
clear  space  at  stigma  reduced,  and  spots  on  seg.  7  (^)  narrowed 
medianly.  These  would  hardly  justify  any  separation  but  for  the  greater 
size.     We  may  compare  the  two  thus  (10  =  1  mm.)  : — 

Docophorus  nirmoides (?  ,  13 ?  j  16. 

„  „         major <?,15 ? ,  19. 

As  the  following  details  show,  the  difference  is  most  marked  in 
head  and  abdomen. 

c?  ¥ 

Length.     Breadth.  Length.     Breadth. 

Head  051     ...     040  053     ...     042 

Prothorax  010     ...     024  Oil     ...     025 

Metathorax   017     ...     035  017     ...     037 

Abdomen    076     ...     052  (on  seg.  4)     109     ...     060  (on  seg.  4) 

For  comparative  figures,  see  Piaget,  p.  105. 

The  legs  and  genitalia  seem  to  offer  no  distinguishing  feature. 
The  single  ^  of  major  has  a  short  apparatus,  with  lateral  appendix 
curved. 

References. 

1.  In  Giebel  Ins.  Epiz.,  p.  168  (1874). 

2.  Les  Pediculines,  pp.  104—105,  pi.  9.  f.  2.  (1880) 

3.  Les  Pediculines,  pp.  178—179,  pi.  15.  f.  2.  (1880). 

4.  Mon.  Anopl.  Brit.,  p.  150.  (1842). 

5.  Journ.  New  York  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  10,  p.  218,  pi.  20,  f.  4.  (1902). 

The  Manse, 

OUaberry,  Shetland  : 

December,  1911. 


64  [March, 

Varieties  of  two  British  Coleoptera. — Aphodius  punctato-sulcatus,  Stiuin,  v. 
obscurelhis,  Schilsky. — On  May  24th,  1908, 1  took  at  Deal  a  well-marked  melanic 
form  of  our  abundant  dung-beetle,  Aphodius  pu7ictato-sulcatus,  in  which  the 
usual  fuscous  blotch  on  the  elytra  is  much  darkened,  and  so  expanded  as  to  leave 
only  a  narrow  stripe  near  the  suture,  and  a  narrow  space  at  base,  sides,  and 
apex  yellowish  ;  the  sides  of  the  thorax  also  are  only  very  narrowly  pale.  This 
is  the  var.  olscurellus  of  Schilsky  (Deutsche  Ent.  Zeitschrift,  1888,  p.  315). 
Mr.  F.  Bouskell  some  years  ago  recorded  in  the  transactions  of  the  Leicester 
Literary,  &c.  Society  a  specimen  of  A.  punctato-sulcatus  from  the  same  locality, 
which  appeared  to  him  to  be  this  variety. 

Bryaxis  longicornis,  Leach  (=  Rybaxis  sanguinea,  auct.). — I  took  in  April, 
1910,  near  Eoydon,  W.  Essex,  a  specimen  of  this  common  species  in  which  the 
elytra  are  entirely  black.  Although  such  a  form  might  be  expected  to  occur, 
having  regard  to  the  variability  in  the  shade  of  the  red  coloration  of  the  elytra 
in  tlie  ordinary  form,  I  cannot  find  that  a  British  specimen  of  it  has  been  recorded 
previously.  It  is,  however,  known  on  the  Continent,  as  Ganglbauer,  in  the  course 
of  his  description  of  the  speciesinhiswell-known  work  on  the  CoZeopiera  of  Central 
Europe,  says  that  the  elytra  are  "  very  rarely  black." — F.  B.  Jennings,  152, 
Silver  Street,  Upper  Edmonton,  N. :  February  8th,  1912. 

Bledius  arenarius,  Payk.,  var.  fergussoni,  Joy. — Whatever  opinion  may 
ultimately  prevail  as  to  the  specific  value  of  Bledius  secernendus,  Joy,  there  can, 
I  think,  be  no  doubt  that  the  insect  described  by  Dr.  Joy  as  B.  arenarius,  var. 
fergussoni,  is  the  same  as  Key's  B.  arenarius,  var.  a.,  for  which  he  proposes  the 
name  of  Bledius  minor  (vide  Oxyporiens — Oxyteliens,  p.  192).— E.  A.  Newbery, 
13,  Oppidans  Eoad,  N.W. :  Febrtiary  15th,  1912. 

Apatura  iris  and  Vanessa  antiopa,  dtfc,  near  Hastings,  in  1911. — It  may  be 
well  to  put  on  record  that  Apatura  iris,  a  very  rare  species  in  this  district,  was 
seen  by  the  Rev.  A.  G.  Gregor  at  Brede  on  July  13th.  It  was  sitting  with  wings 
expanded  on  the  public  road.  Vanessa  antiopa  was  taken  by  Mrs.  Davison  of 
Guestling  in  her  own  house  on  October  6th.  It  is  a  beautiful  specimen  with 
cream-coloiu'ed  bordei*,  and  had  probably  flown  indoors  for  hibernation.  Sphinx 
convolvuli  has  not  been  uncommon  this  autumn  near  Hastings.  Zeuzera 
xsculi  was  brought  to  me  by  one  of  the  school  childi-en,  and  Cemiostoma 
spartifoliella  swarmed  about  a  bush  of  broom  in  my  garden. — E.  N.  Bloomfield, 
Guestling  Rectory,  near  Hastings  :  February,  1912. 

Hmmatopinus  vituli,  L.  (=  tenuirosti-is,  Burm.),  inN.  Mavine,  Shetland. — This 
peculiar  louse  occiirred  in  extraordinary  numbers  during  October  last  on  a  white 
calf  belonging  to  a  crofter  in  this  neighbourhood.  The  animal  suffered  extreme 
discomfort  for  ten  days  and  lost  rapidly  in  condition,  being  latterly  unable  to 
sleep  or  rest.  Small  sores  also  formed,  partly  throiigh  the  sucking  of  the 
parasite,  and  partly  through  the  beast's  rubbing  against  every  hard  object  in 
his  way.  The  crofter's  treatment  of  the  attack,  a  liberal  application  of  "  flowers 
of  sulphur,"  was  quite  effective.     By  the  second  day,  the  lower  parts  of  the 


1912.]  65 

fore-limbs,  which  had  received  less  attention,  were  black  with  dead  or  dying 
lice,  and  within  a  week,  I  believe,  the  animal  was  clean. — James  Watebston, 
Manse,  OUaberry,  Shetland  :  January,  1912. 

Stridulation  in  British  Beduviida; .—It  has  long  been  known  that  two  of  our 
British  Rcduviidie  have  the  power  of  stridulation,  viz.,  Beduviws  personatus,  L., 
and  Coranus  subapterus,  De  Gr.     The  earliest  notice  of  the  former  dates  200  years 
back,  and  is  to  be  found  inEay's  "  Historia  Insectorimi"  (1710),  while  the  latter 
was  mentioned  by  De  Geer  in  1771.     But  the  apparatus  by  which  the  sound  is 
produced  does  not  seem  to  have  been  figured  till  comparatively  recently.     In 
the  "  Annalen  "  of  the  Vienna  Natural  History  Museum  for  1900,  Prof.  Handlirsch 
describes  and  figures  the  stridulating  organs  in  each  of  these  species.     On  the 
prosternmn,  between  the   anterior  coxse,  there  is  a  furrow  containing  a  large 
number  of  fine  transverse  striaj,  and  the  rugose  tip  of  the  short  rostrum  is  moved 
along  this  furrow,  crossing  the  striae  at  right  angles,  and  thus  causing  the  chirping 
sound.     The  autlior  further  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  a  similar  furrow  is 
to  be  found  in  almost  all  sections  of  the  Reduviidse  and  allied  families  the  world 
over,  except  the  Henicocephalidx  and  the  Nahidse,  and  he  enumerates  ninety 
genera  in  which  he  has  observed  it ;  but  whether  in  all  these  cases  the  furrow 
is  transversely  striate  and,  therefore,  presumably  a  stridulating  apparatus,  he 
does  not  state.     Our  British  species  included  in  the  groups  in  question  range 
themselves  under  four  genera,  three  of  which  are  represented  by  a  single  species, 
while  the  fourth  contains  only  three.     Of  these,  putting  on  one  side  Fygolampis 
bidentata,  Goeze,  of  which  there  is  only  a   unique   British  record,  Reduvius 
personaUis    and   Coranus   suhapterus,   as    already   mentioned,    are    recognised 
stridulators,  but  I  do  not  know  that  any  one  has  observed  a  similar  habit  in 
either  of  our  three  species  of  Ploiariola  ;  and  yet  the  apparatus  exists  in  this 
genus.     In  P.  vagahunda,  L.,  there  is,  as  Handlirsch  states,  the  usual  furrow  in 
the  presternum,  along  which  the  tip  of  the  rostrum  travels.     I  find  that  this 
furrow  is  very  deep,  and  is  crossed  by  four  strong  slightly  curved  ridges  placed 
at  nearly  equal  intervals,  and  the  whole  area,  including  the  ridges,  is  covered 
with  fine  parallel  transverse  strise.     A  very  similar  arrangement  is  foimd  in  P. 
culiciformis,    De  G.,  but  it  is  more  difficult    to    see.     Oiir   third    species,  P. 
baerensprungi,  Dohrn,  I  have  not  been  able  to  examine.     It  can  scarcely  be 
doubted  that  this  structure,  identical  in  principle  Avith  the  first-named  examples, 
has  stridulation  for  its  function,  and  I  call  attention  to  it  in  the  hope  that 
collectors    who  meet   with   these  insects  may  be  on  the   look-out  for  direct 
evidence  of  their  sound-producing  power. — E.  A.  Butlek,  56,  Cecile  Park,  Crouch 
End,  N. :  February  2nd,  1912. 

Psylla  albipes,  Flor,  in  Surrey. — I  am  indebted  to  my  friend  Mr.  Wm.  West 
for  the  opportunity  of  i-ecording  this  intei-esting  addition  to  the  British  fauna. 
Psylla  albipes  may  be  distinguished  from  all  our  British  species  by  the  markings 
on  the  elytra ;  the  latter  are  hyaline,  with  brownish-yellow  veins,  and  have  a 
blackish  streak  on  the  dorsvim  just  before  the  apex  of  the  clavus,  as  well  as  a 
subtriangular  blackish  spot  on  vein  2,  of  which  it  occupies  about  lialf  the  length, 
and  by  which  it  is  unequally  divided.     The  species  was  described  by  Flor  from 

F 


6G  [March, 

a  single  male  taken  near  Marseilles.  Franz  Low  found  it,  apparently  freely,  on 
Austrian  pine,  Scots  pine,  and  common  spruce  in  March,  April,  and  July,  in 
Lower  Austria,  but  it  does  not  appear  that  he  bred  it;  Mr.  West's  single 
example  was  taken  on  ash  at  Box  Hill,  but  he  tells  me  that  there  are  conifers  in 
the  neighbourhood. — James  Edwards,  Colesborne,  Cheltenham  :  Jan.  6th,  1912. 

Agrion  hastulatum,  Charp.,  at  Avieniore. — Since  the  time  when  Colonel 
Yerbury  took  a  specimen  of  Agrion  hastulatum,  I  have  visited  the  locality  at 
frequent  intervals,  but  have  only  taken  odd  specimens  of  the  species.  During 
last  July  I  visited  the  same  locality  several  times,  but  without  any  success.  I 
then  moved  further  afield,  with  the  result  that  I  came  itpon  a  locality  where  I 
managed  to  captiu-e  a  fairly  good  series  of  the  J ,  having  a  fe^v  for  friends.  The 
?  was  very  scarce,  or,  at  least,  not  easily  captured.  The  few  which  I  took  were 
in  company  with  ^s.  I  did  not  see  the  species  after  the  middle  of  August. 
It  is  a  pleasure  to  know  that  another  Dragon-fly  is  well  established  in  Scotland, 
as  I  have  little  doubt  that  this  fly  will  be  easily  obtained  by  anyone  visiting  the 
locality  during  future  years. — James  J.  F.  X.  King,  1,  Athol  Gardens  Terrace, 
Kelvinside,  Glasgow  .-  January  15th,  1912. 

Bonihus  terrestris,  L.,  and  B.  rudcratiis,  Fab.{=^  suhterraneus.  Smith),  in 
New  Zealand. — Mr.  F.  W.  Hilgendorf  has  recently  sent  me  specimens  of  the 
queens  of  these  two  species  from  Lincoln,  New  Zealand,  the  descendants  of 
queens  imported  from  England  in  1885,  twenty-seven  years  ago.  In  size, 
colouring  and  structure,  they  do  not  differ  materially  from  ordinary  English 
specimens.  In  coloviring,  for  instance,  the  ruderatus  show  every  grade  of 
variation  from  entirely  black  to  black  with  a  yellow  band  on  the  front  of  the 
thorax,  another  on  the  scvitelhim,  a  transverse  yellow  spot  on  either  side  of  the 
first  segment  of  the  abdomen,  and  the  fourth  segment  dingy  white,  this  tint 
extending  on  to  the  sides  of  the  third  and  the  fifth  segments  ;  but  the  white 
spreads  rather  further  on  to  the  third  segment,  and  the  hairs  on  the  clypeus 
are  more  red,  less  black,  than  in  average  British  specimens.  Also,  the  coat  on 
the  upper  siu'face  of  the  thorax,  especially  on  the  scutelltun,  appears  to  be 
slightly  shorter,  and  on  the  abdomen  slightly  longer,  in  the  ruderatus  queens 
than  in  the  British  queens  of  this  species  in  my  collection.  One  of  the  ruderatus 
from  New  Zealand  has  the  hairs  of  the  cox'bicula  red,  a  colouring  which  is  rare 
in  England,  where  these  hairs  are  usually  entirely  black.  It  will  be  interesting 
to  see  if  these  slight  deviations  from  the  ancestral  type  become  accentuated  as 
time  goes  on,  and  therefore  it  has  seemed  to  me  worth  while  to  record  them. — 
F.  W.  L.  Sladen,  Eipple,  Dover:  February  5th,  1912. 

Macquartia  chalconota,  Mg.,  a  Dipterous  parasite  of  Chrysomela  varians, 
Schall. — In  June,  1911,  I  collected  a  number  of  Chrysomela  variants  larvae  on  a 
species  of  Hypericum,  one  lot  being  from  Kiddington,  near  Woodstock,  Oxon, 
and  another  from  Wytham,  Berks.  I  kept  each  lot  separate,  and  besides  breeding 
a  series  of  the  beetle,  I  also  bred  a  nice  series  of  a  Tachinid  fly  from  both  sets  of 
larvae.  Specimens  of  the  flies  were  submitted  to  Mr.  J.  E.  Collin,  who  very 
kindly  named  them  for  me  as  Macquartia  chalconota,  Mg.  (=  M.  nitida,  Zett). 
He  also  supplied  the  interesting  information  that  it  is  recorded  as  bred  from  the 
same  host  by  Eupertsberger  (Verb.  z.-b.  Ges.  Wien,  1870,  p.  842). — J.  Collins, 
University  Museiun,  Oxford :  January,  1912. 


1912.]  67 

Syntemna  (?)  alpicola,  Strohl,  in  Morayshire.— On  September  23rcl,  1910, 
sweeping  bracken  on  a  steep  bank  facing  Logie  House  on  the  Findhorn  above 
Forres,  I  took  a  fungus-gnat,  which  I  entered  at  the  time  as  "  apparently  a  new 
genus  near  Glaphyroptera."  On  coming  home  I  found  that  Strobl  had  described 
what  seems  to  be  the  same  insect  under  the  above  name  in  "  Die  Dipteren  von 
Steiermark,"  Theil  3,  pp.  25,  26  (=  Mitth.  des  naturw.  Vereines  fur  Steiermark, 
1894,  p.  145).  Mine  is  a  female,  and  I  failed  last  autumn  to  come  across  any  more 
specimens.  I  have  not  been  able  so  far  to  see  S.  morosa,  Winn.,  on  which  the 
genus  Syntemna  is  founded,  but  the  wings  of  the  two  species  as  shown  in  Genera 
Insect or%im,  pi.  5,  figs.  28,  29,  are  very  different ;  and,  in  fact,  Winnertz's 
characterisation  of  the  genus  has  to  be  altered  in  this  respect.  There  are  some 
points  in  which  my  insect  does  not  agree  with  Strobl's  description,  e.g.,  the  spiu-s 
on  the  hind  legs  are  not  nearly  as  long  as  the  metatarsi.  This  may  be  a  sexual 
character.  The  body  is  very  long  and  tapering,  and  the  long  lamellae  are 
conspicuously  two-jointed.  This  species  is  an  addition  to  the  British  "  List." — 
F.  Jenkinson,  Cambridge :  January  19th,  1912. 

Capture  in  the  Netv  Forest  of  a  MycetophUid,  supposed  to  he  Syntemna 
morosa,  Winn. — As  far  back  as  November,  1910,  I  sent  a  few  Mycetophilidse  to 
Mr.  A.  E.  J.  Carter  for  inspection,  and  he  rettirned  one  of  them,  taken  27/9/09 
in  my  garden  at  Lyndhurst,  as  a  Syntemna,  a  genus  not  yet  recorded  as  British, 
and  he  thought  the  species  came  near  "morosa,  Winn."  He  did  not  like,  how- 
ever, to  speak  positively,  but  hoped  I  would  get  some  one  to  confirm  it  with  a 
view  to  recording.  This  I  was  unable  to  do,  and  having  only  one  specimen  I 
did  not  like  risking  it  again  by  post.  The  matter  therefore  remained  in  abey- 
ance until  recently,  when  in  correspondence  with  Mr.  Jenkinson  he  wrote :  "  If 
your  Syntemna  agrees  with  Winnertz's  figure  you  may  call  it  morosa,  unless 
you  find  some  reason  against,  as  there  is  no  other  species  like  it."  Then  in  a 
later  letter  he  asks  (referring  to  another  species  of  his  own)  :  "  Can  we  record 
them  both  in  the  February  number  of  the  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.?"  As  regards 
venation  of  the  wing,  I  consider  my  specimen  does  agree  with  Winnertz's 
figure,  and  have  therefore  decided  to  send  this  note  for  what  it  is  worth. — 
Frbdk.  C.  Adams,  50,  Ashley  Gardens,  S.W. :  Jamiary  Qth,  1912. 

A  new  British  Flea. — The  Eev.  James  Waterston  recently  sulimitted  to  me 
three  specimens  of  Palaeopsylla  kohauti,  Dampf,  taken  by  a  Mr.  Mcintosh  from 
a  mole  on  the  15th  March,  1911,  at  Ballindalloch,  a  species  not  previously 
recorded  from  Great  Britain.  This  flea  has  so  far  been  regarded  as  an  eastern 
insect,  the  most  western  point  at  which  it  had  been  previously  secm-ed  being 
Wels  in  Lower  Austria. — N.  Charles  Rothschild,  Arundel  House,  London,  W., 
March,  1912. 

A  note  on   Ceratophyllus  vagabundus,   Boheman. — Dr.  Alfons  Dampf*  has 

recently    given    some    extensive    notes    and     illustrations    of     Ceratophyllus 

vagahundus,  Boheman  (=  C.  digitalis,  Wfihlgren).     There  seems  no  doubt  that 

the  species  we  described  as  C.  insularisf  is  really  identical  with  C.  vagahundus : 

and  the  name  insularis  must  therefore  be  rejected.— N.  Charles  Rothschild, 

Arundel  House,  London,  W. :  March,  1912.  

*  Avifauna  Spitzbergensis,  p.  276—279. 

t  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  Vol.  XLII,  p.  69,  pi.  II  (1006).  F  2 


68  [March, 

Samuel  James  Capper — Fox-  the  past  forty  or  more  years,  probably  no  North 
of  England  Entomologist  has  been  better  known,  or  more  highly  esteemed,  than 
Mr.  Samuel  James  Capper,  whose  death,  at  the  advanced  age  of  86,  took  place 
at  Huyton,  near  Liverpool,  on  January  21st,  last.  Born  at  Highbvu'y  Place, 
London,  on  April  28th,  182.5,  he  was,  at  the  age  of  12  years,  sent  to  a  Friends' 
School  at  Epping,  where  the  boys  were  encouraged  in  the  pursuit  of  Natural 
History,  and  where  he  made  the  acquaintance  of  the  brothers  Edward  and 
Henry  Dovibleday,  who  helped  him  mxich  in  the  study  of  Lepidoptera,  which  he 
had  commenced.  After  leaving  school  he  had  little  time  for  natural  history 
work  until  he  removed  to  Liverpool  about  the  year  1846 ;  but  soon  after  this 
he  made  the  acquaintance  of  the  brothers  Nicholas  and  Benjamin  Cooke, 
C.  S.  Gregson,  Noah  Greening,  and  other  well  known  Lepidopterists  of  the  time  ; 
and  with  whom,  in  the  intervals  af  a  very  biisy  life,  he  made  frequent  ex- 
cvu-sions  in  pursuit  of  Lepidoptera  to  various  noted  localities,  the  favourite  one 
being  Delamere  Forest.  Later  he  became  very  fond  of  the  New  Forest ;  and 
still  later,  of  North  Wales,  usixally  making  the  pretty  little  village  of  Llanfair- 
fechan  his  headquarters.  It  was  on  one  of  his  visits  to  this  last-mentioned 
locality  that  he  re-discovered  Acidalia  contiguaria,  for  although  the  species 
had  been  fii'st  taken  as  British  by  Mr.  Weaver,  in  18.55,  and  a  casual  specimen 
near  Conway  by  Mr.  G.  H.  Kenrick,  of  Birmingham,  a  little  later,  little  was 
known  of  it  until  Mr.  Capper  found  it  to  be  fairly  common  on  the  mountains 
at  PenmaenmawT.  He  had  the  species  to  himself  for  very  many  years,  breeding 
it  in  large  nmubers,  and  it  proved  a  veritable  "gold  mine"  to  him  for  exchange 
purposes,  for  through  it  he  was  enabled  to  add  to  his  collection  many  of  the 
then  greatest  rarities.  It  was,  however,  on  one  of  his  expeditions  to  these 
Welsh  mountains  that  he  unfortvmately  slipped,  and  so  injured  one  of  his  knees 
that  he  was  slightly  lame  for  the  rest  of  his  life,  and  which  probably  stopped 
his  outdoor  collecting  much  earlier  than  would  otherwise  have  been  the  case. 

He  was  intensely  interested  in  the  Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological 
Society,  and  at  the  preliminary  meeting  held  at  the  residence  of  Mr.  Nicholas 
Cooke,  when  that  Society  was  founded,  he  was  elected  President,  an  honour 
which  he  retained  continuously  from  February  24th,  1877,  imtil  the  time  of  his 
death,  a  period  of  nearly  forty-five  years — surely  a  record  of  its  kind. 

He  was  never  so  happy  as  when  he  had  a  number  of  Entomologists  around 
him  at  his  house,  looking  over  his  fine  collection  and  "talking  Entomology  ";  and 
those  of  us  who  joined  in  the  delightful  garden  parties  which  he  used  to  give 
to  Entomologists  at  Huyton  Park  thirty  or  more  years  ago,  well  remember 
what  an  enthusiastic  and  charming  host  he  made.  One  of  the  Entomologists 
he  met  at  this  time  was  Mr.  F.  N.  Pierce,  with  whom  so  close  a  friendship 
sprang  up,  that  for  the  past  twenty-five  years,  Mr.  Pierce  has  spent  one  evening 
almost  every  week  with  Mr.  Capper,  arranging  and  re-arranging  the  insects  in 
his  large  collection,  and  in  other  mixtually  interesting  work.  The  collection 
itself,  as  is  well-known,  was  recently  disposed  of  intact  to  some  South  of 
England  Lepidopterists. 

For  some  years  Mr.  Capper  was  a  Fellow  of  the  Linnean  Society  ;  and  had 
been  a  Fellow  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  London  since  1890.     In  bxisiness 


ini2.]  g9 

he  was  a  partner  in  the  well  kno^vn  Liverpool  firm  of  Homeopathic  Chemists, 
Messrs.  Thompson  and  Capper.  He  was  indeed  one  of  the  first  promoters  of 
Homeopathy  in  Liverpool,  and  it  was  greatly  owing  to  his  efforts  that  the 
Hahnemann  Hospital  was  built,  and  of  which  he  was  Honorary  Secretary  for 
fifty-seven  years.  He  left  several  sons  and  daxighters,  one  of  the  latter  of 
whom,  herself  an  enthusiastic  natiiralist,  is  the  wife  of  Dr.  H.  H.  Corbett,  the 
well-known  Doncaster  Entomologist.^G.T.P. 


Societies. 


Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomolooical  Society  :  The  Fourth  Meeting 
of  the  Session  was  held  in  the  Eoyal  Institution,  Colquit  Street,  Liverpool,  on 
January  13th,  1912. 

A  large  niunber  of  interesting  lantern  slides  were  exhibited  by  Dr.  Cotton, 
Dr.  Linne,  and  Mr.  O.  Whittaker.  Dr.  Linne's  slides  included  many  beautiful 
coloured  examples  taken  by  the  Lumiere  and  other  colour  processes. 
Mr.  Mansbridge  exhibited  a  series  of  Folia  chi,  showing  the  usvial  range  of 
melanic  variation,  from  the  Huddersfield  district;  and  also,  on  behalf  of 
Mr.  A.  W.  Boyd,  a  case  of  Micro-lepidoptera  from  various  localities  in  Cheshire, 
among  them  being  Mixodia  schulziana,  Sciaphila  hyhridana,  Sophronia 
parenthesella,  Chelaria  hubnerella,  Argyresthia  pygmaeella,  Peronea  comariana,  etc. 
— Oscar  Whittaker  and  Wm.  Mansbridge,  Hon.  Sees. 

The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  : 
Thursday,  January  11th,  1912. — Mr.  A.  Sich,  F.E.S.,  Vice-President,  in  the  Chair. 

Messrs.  C.  G.  Gahan,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  of  the  British  Musevun  (N.H.),  and 
Mr.  N.  S.  Sennett,  F.E.S.,  of  S.  Kensington,  were  elected  Members. 

Mr.  A.  W.  Buckstone  exhibited  series  of  Hyhernia  defoliaria  from  several 
localities,  and  stated  that  variation  had  considerably  increased  in  the  last  30 
years,  and  that  around  London  the  type  form  was  much  less  frequent. 
Mr.  H.  Moore,  a  huge  Tree-cricket,  Eimiegalodon  blanchardi,  from  Borneo,  whose 
tegmina  resemble  leaves.  Mr.  E.  Adkin  gave  additional  notes  on  the 
"  Lepidoptera  of  a  London  Garden,"  exhibiting  Plusia  moneta,  Monopis  rusticella, 
Gracilaria  syringella,  Argyresthia  goedartella,  and  Gelechia  malvella. 
Mr  A.  E.  Gibbs,  an  aberration  of  Pyrameis  atalanta  bred  from  Vizzavona, 
Corsica,  in  which  the  diagonal  red  bands  of  the  fore-wings  and  the  marginal 
band  of  the  hind- wings  are  more  or  less  pink,  and  some  areas  very  much  paler 
than  usual.  Mr.  Blenkarn,  five  specimens  of  Anthrocera  trifolii,  v.  conflueiis, 
from  Withycombe  and  Horsley,  and  various  species  of  Coleoptera,  including 
Bledius  secernendus,  recently  announced  as  new  to  Britain  by  Dr.  Joy. 
Mr.  H.  Main,  larvae  of  the  Glow-worm  reai'ed  from  eggs,  and  also  a  larva  of 
Ocypus  olens.  The  Reports  of  the  Society's  Field  Meetings  during  the  past  year 
were  communicated  by  Messrs.  Edwards,  Gibbs,  Kaye,  Priske,  Tonge,  and  Turner. 
— Hy.  J.  Turner,  Hon.  Secretary. 


70  [March, 

Entomological  Society  of  London:  Wednesday,  Deeemher  6th, 1911. — The 
Eev.  F.  D.  MoRiCE,  M.A.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Tlie  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Fellows  of  the  Society  :  Dr.  Beckwith 
Whitehonse,  52,  Newhall  Street,  Birmingham  ;  Messrs.  F.  W.  Edwards, 
Kingswear,  Cornwall  Road,  Harrow  ;  Douglas  Pearson,  Chilwell  House,  Chilwell, 
Notts;  B.  H.  Smith,  B.A.,  Edgehill,  Warlingham,  Surrey  ;  C.  F.  M.  Swynnerton, 
Mt.  Chirinda,  Melsetter,  S.  Rhodesia. 

Mr.  C.  J.  Gahan  exhibited  an  insect  recently  brought  to  the  British  Musemn, 
and  recognized  by  him  as  belonging  to  Priso;pus,  a  i-emarkable  and  specially 
interesting  genus  of  Phasmidae  ;  he  proposed  to  name  it  Prisopus  fisheri  in 
honour  of  its  discoverer.  Mr.  South,  a  drawer  of  Leucanid  moths  captured  and 
reared  by  the  Rev.  W.  P.  Waller  in  the  Woodbridge  district  of  Suffolk.  The 
female  parent  of  the  first  series  was  apparently  referable  to  L.  pallens,  but  of 
her  offspring  twenty-three  specimens  were  of  the  typical  favicolor  form,  and  the 
other  seven  were  examples  of  the  yellow  form  oifavicolor — ab.  lutea,  Tutt.  The 
next  series  of  twenty-four  specimens  showed  the  progeny  of  a  female  favicolor, 
the  majority  of  which  were  not  separable  from  jiallens,  nine  were  typical 
favicolor,  and  the  others  intergrades,  but  favoured  pallens  more  than  favicolor. 
Mr.  Sou.th  said  he  understood  tha,t  favicolor  cannot  be  sepai'ated  from  pallens  by 
any  difference  in  the  genitalia,  and  was  informed  that  cross-piirings  of  pallens 
a,nd  favicolor  are  not  uncommon  in  the  habitat  of  the  latter.  He  was,  therefore, 
inclined  to  suppose  that  favicolor  is  a  salt-marsh  development  of  pallens. 
Mr.  Donisthorpe,  a  specimen  of  Eryx  fairmairei,  Reiche,  a  species  of  Coleoptera 
new  to  Britain,  one  of  several  taken  by  him  in  Sherwood  Forest  on  July  11,  1908. 
Mr.  W.  G.  Sheldon  showed  a  collection  of  Rhopaloccra  made  by  him  in  Jemtland 
and  Swedish  Lapland  in  Jime  and  July,  1911.  The  species  included  were.- 
Hesperia  centaurese,  H.  andromedse,  Chrysophanus  (Loweia)  arnphidamas,  var. 
ohscura,  C  (Rumicia)  phlseas,  var.  hypophlseas,  Vacciniina  optilete,  Polyommatus 
icarus,  Plebeius  argyrognomon,  var.  segidion,  Pieris  napi,  var.  hryonise,  Colias 
nastes,  var.  werdandi,  Aglais  urticae,  and  ab.  polaris,  Brenthis  freya,  B.  frigga, 
B,  aphirape,  var.  ossianus,  B.  thore,  var,  borealis,  B.  euphrosyne,  (Eneis  noma, 
0.  jutta,  0.  bore,  Erebia  lappona,  E.  emhla,  E.  ligea  var.  adyte.  He  also  exhibited 
the  following  Heterocera  taken  during  the  same  expedition  :  Anthrocera  exulans, 
var.  vanadis,  Anarta  melaleuca,  A.  cordigera,  A.  melanopa,  Plusia  hochenwarthi, 
and  others.  Mr.  Henry  J.  Turner,  a  large  nvunber  of  specimens  of  Luperina 
nickerlii,  of  which  the  British  form  or  race  has  been  hitherto  known  as  Luperina 
gueneei,  together  with  series  of  other  races  from  the  Continent.  He  called 
attention  to  the  interesting  specimens  of  L.  testacea  from  various  continental 
localities  and  from  Algeria,  and  of  L.  dumerilii  from  Rennes  and  Algeria,  which 
he  had  received  from  M.  Oberthiir.  Mr.  Turner  also,  a  long  series  of  Erebia 
lethiops  from  many  continental  localities  and  also  from  Aviemore,  Scotland. 
The  Scotch  (Galashiels)  race  of  this  species  was  lately  named  var.  Caledonia  by 
Mr.  Roger  Verity.  Mr.  Turner  at  the  same  time  called  attention  to  the  growing 
tendency  to  name  aberrations,  a  course  which  often  resulted  in  multiple  names 
being  bestowed  on  some  one  form.  Dr.  Chapman  remarked  that  local  races 
required  special  names  if  any  forms  did  so,  and  that  he  had  already  remarked 


1913.1  71 

upon  the  Scotch  form  of  E.  xthiops,  though  without  naming  it.  A  long  and 
important  discussion  took  place  on  the  subject  of  varietal,  and  especially 
aberrational,  names.  Prof.  Poulton,  a  series  of  specimens  bearing  upon  the  view 
that  changes  of  coloui-  and  pattern  in  allied  forms  are  due  to  climate,  and 
especially  to  moistiu-e,  which  tended  to  show  that  the  operation  of  climatic 
influence  is  extremely  improbable.  Prof.  Poulton  also,  a  set  of  the  mimetic 
Pseudacrseas  and  their  models  collected  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Wiggins  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Entebbe,  which  contrasted  remarkably  with  a  set  of  17  Pseudacraeas 
collected  by  Dr.  G.  D.  H.  Carpenter  on  Damba  Island,  on  the  Equator,  in  the 
Victoria  Nyanza,  about  20  miles  S.E.  of  Entebbe  ;  also  the  cocoon  of  Norasuma 
kolga,  Druce,  together  with  the  moth  which  had  emerged  from  it.  The  compact 
cocoon  itself  was  reddish,  with  an  outer  imperfect  covering  of  yellow  silk,  which 
much  resembled  the  cocoons  of  Braconid  parasites.  Prof  .Poulton  said  that  he  had 
been  shown  by  Mr.  J.  H.  Durrant  the  spherical  bodies  scattered  over  the  cocoon 
of  the  Tineid  moth  Marmara  salictella,  Clemens,  and  had  no  doubt  that  they 
were  secreted  by  the  larva  and  passed  by  the  anus  as  in  Deilcmcra.  Also  material 
to  illustrate  several  letters  on  subjects  of  entomological  interest  from 
Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn  from  West  Africa.  Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye,  a  drawer  full  of 
Syntoviidm  that  had  been  collected  by  himself  in  S.  Brazil  in  the  early  part  of 
1910. 

The  following  papers  were  read : — "  On  the  Nictitans  Group  of  the  genus 
Hydroecia,  Gn.,"  )iy  the  Eev.  C.  E.  N.  Burrows.  "  On  the  Dates  of  the  Publications 
of  the  Entomological  Society,"  by  the  Eev.  G.  Wheeler,  M.A.,  P.Z.S. 

Mr.  Wheeler  mentioned  the  great  amount  of  gratuitous  help  which  had  been 
o-iven  to  him  in  the  matter  of  these  dates  by  Messrs.  Taylor  &  Francis, 
Mr.  C.  F.  Eoworth,  Messrs.  West,  Newman  &  Co.,  and  above  all  by 
Messrs.  Longmans.  Green  &  Co.,  who  had  given  him  the  dates  on  which  they 
had  received  every  part  of  every  volume  from  1884  to  1911.  He  proposed  a  vote 
of  thanks  to  each  of  these  firms,  which  was  seconded  by  Mr.  J.  H.  Durrant,  and 
carried  unanimotisly. 

The  President  said  he  had  received  a  letter  from  Mr.  T.  H.  L.  Grosvenor, 
stating  that  CoUey  Hill,  Eeigate,  a  famous  entomological  and  botanical  locality, 
wovild  come  into  the  hands  of  the  specidative  builder  in  February  next  unless  it 
were  previously  pvirchased  by  the  "  National  Trust,"  in  order  to  preserve  it,  and 
asking  for  subscriptions  from  one  shilling  upwards.  He  added  that  the 
Treasurer  would  willingly  receive  any  subscriptions  that  the  Fellows  present 
liked  to  give,  and  would  hand  them  over  to  the  proper  quarter. 

The  President  fiu-ther  reminded  the  Society  of  the  Second  International 
Congress  which  is  to  take  place  at  Oxford  this  year  from  August  5th  to  10th. 
He  hoped  that  the  Society  woiUd  be  strongly  represented.— G.  Wheelee, 
Hon.  Secretary. 


72 


[March,  1912. 


NOTES  ON  THE  BEITISH  SPECIES  OF  L0NGITAR8U8,  Latb. 

fA   GENUS   OK   COLEOPTERA) 

BY  J.  R.  LE  B.  TOMLIN,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  AND  W.  E.  SHARP,  F.E.8. 

(^Continued  from  "p.  7  antea) 

Sect.  IV. — Species  testaceous,  with  sutiiral  line  black,  broad,  and  distinct,  and 
elytral  punctuation  distinct,  but  not  coarse,  more  or  less  dense  and 
confused. 

I.  Thoracic  punctuation  fine,  often  scarcely  visible. 

A.  Shape  short  ovate,  very  convex  L.  suhirellus,  Duf t. 

B.  Shape  oblong',  rather  depressed    L.  senecionis,  Bris. 

II.  Thoracic  punctuation  distinct,  more  or  less  strong. 

A.  Thorax  with  aeneous  reflection  more  or  less  pronoiinced. 

a.  Thorax  testaceous  red  or  pitchy,  with  plain  metallic 

reflection,  pvmctuation  of  thorax  strong,  and  of  elytra 
entirely  confused  L.  atricillus,Jj. 

b.  Thorax    black    or    nearly    black,    with    faint    brassy 

reflection,    punctuation   of    thorax   weak,   of    elytra 

distinctly  stronger,  and  sub-seriate  at  base. 

<V.  Elytral  punctuation   more   remote  and  stronger. 

Size  larger  L.  suturalis,  Marsh. 

p.  Elytral    punctuation    closer    and    weaker.      Size 

smaller L.  nasturtii,  F. 

B.  Thorax  without  any  aeneous  reflection. 

a.  First  joint  of  posterior  tarsi  clothed  beneath  with  long 

thick  pubescence ;  posterior  tibial  spurs  shorter  and 
thicker  L.  melanocephalus,  de  G. 

b.  First  joint  of  posterior  tarsi  clothed  beneath  with  short 

thin  pubescence ;  posterior  tibial  spixrs  longer   and 
thinner L.  nu/rofasciatus,  Goeze. 

L.  suTURELLus,  Duft.  [Fauii.  Austr.  Ill,  p.  262]  ;  Weise  [Nat.  Iiis. 
Deutsclil.  VI,  p.  969]. 

Syns.     melanocephalus,  Foudr.  [Mon.  p.  163]. 

freminvillei,  Guilleb.  [L'Abeille,  1895,  p.  o89],  teste  Bedel. 
thoracicus,  All.  [Mon.  p.  107]. 

{Tlioracicvs,  Stepli.,  is  usually  given  as  a  synonym  of  this  insect, 
but  the  specimens  so  named  in  the  Stephensian  coll.  are  of  a  different 
species,  and  the  "  thoracica  "  of  the  "  Manual  "  does  not  quite  corres- 
pond with  suturellus  ;  it  is  therefore  perhaps  better  to  drop  the  name 
thoracicus,  Steph.,  as  a  synonym  of  this  or  any  other  species). 

Short  oval,  very  convex.     Head  always  black.     Antenna) :  black  with  first 
three  joints  testaceous  red  or  brown.     Thorax :  varying  in  colour  from  black  to 


CHAXGE   OF   ADDRESS. 
J.  R.  LE  B.  ToMLiN,  on   and   after  March   26th  to   "  Lakefoot,"    Hamilton 
Road,  Reading. 

Dr.  M.  Cameeon,  to  H.  M.  S.  "  Dartmouth,"  Atlantic  Fleet. 

EXCHANGE. 

Duplicates  -.  Calathus  cisteloides,  Harpalus  teneus,  Bembidium  littorale,  Amara 
aulica,  Bradyeellus  verbasci,  Haliplus  ruficollis,  Noterus  sparsus,  Anchomenus 
dorsalis  and  albipes,  Hyphydrus  ovatus,  Hydroporus  gyllenhali,  Agabus  bipustula- 
tus,  Colymbetes  fuscus,    Aphodius  rufipes,    Quedius  tristis,   Niptus  hololeucus. 

Desiderata  :  many  common  British  Coleoptera.— S.  A.  Blenkarn,  "  Norham," 
Cromwell  Road,  Beckenham,  Kent. 

rPHE  THREE  COLOUEED  PLATES  illustrating  the  articles  on 
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CONTENTS.  PAOE 

Description  of  a  new  species  of  Vesperus  from  Portugal. — M.  Cameron,  M.B., 

S.N.,F.E.S 49 

Description  of  a  new  species  of  Trogophloeus  (sub-gen.  Tsenosoma)  from  Malta. 

—Id 49 

Occurrence  in  England  of  Coleophora  trigeminella,  Fuchs,  a  species  new  to  the 

British  List,  with  notes  on  C.  kroneella,  Fuchs,  and  C  badiipennella,  Dup. 

—Eustace  R.  Bankes,  M.A.,  F.E.S 51 

Another   hundred   new   British  species   of    Diptera    [continued).  —  The   late 

Q.  E.  rerrall,  F.E.S 56 

On  the  Hybos  grossipes,  L.,  of  the  British  List. — A.  E.  J.  Carter  59 

Psallus  Titellinus,  Scholtz ;  an  addition  to  the  list  of  British  Hemiptera. — 

A.  E.  Butler,  B.A.,  B.Sc,  F.E.S 60 

Two  Ectoparasites  (Mallophaga)  from  the  snipe  (Gallinago  cselestis,  Frentel), 

from  North  Marine,  Shetland. — Rec.  James  Waterston,  B.I).,  B.Sc 61 

Varieties  of  two  British  Coleoptera. — F.  B.  Jennings,  F E.S 64- 

Bledius  arenarius,  Payk.,  var.  fergussoni,  Joy. — E.  A.  Newbert/   64 

Apatura     iris    and    Vanessa    antiopa,     &c.,     near     Hastings,    in      1911.  — 

Rev.  E.  N.  Bloomfield,  M.A.,  F.E.S 64 

Hsematopinus  vituli,  L.  (=  tenuirostris,  Burm.),  in  N.  Mavine,  Shetland. — 

Rev.  J.  Waterston,  B.D.,  B.Sc 64 

Stridulation  in  British  Eeduviidffi.— i^.  A.  Butler,  B.A.,  B.Sc  ,  F.E.S 65 

Psylla  albipes,  Flor,  in  Surrey. — James  Edtoards,  F.E.S 65 

Agrion  hastulatum,  Charp.,  at  Aviemore. — J.  J.  F.  X.  King,  F.E.S 66 

Bombus  terrestris,  L.,  and  B.ruderatus,  Fab.  (=  subterraneus,  Smith),  in  New 

Zes.\ainA.—F.W.  L.  Sladen,  F.E.S dQ 

Macquartia   chalconota,    Mg.,  a   Dipterous   parasite    of  Chrysomela  varians, 

SchalL— .7.  Collins  66 

Syntemna  ?  alpicola,  Strobl,  in  Morayshire. — F.  Jenkinson,  F.Z.S 67 

Capture  in  the  New  Forest  of  a  Mycetophilid,  supposed  to  be  Syntemna 

morosa,  Winn. — Fredk.  C.  Adams 67 

A  new  British  Flea.— £on.  N.  Charles  Rothschild,  M.A.,  F.L.S 67 

A  note  on  Ceratophyllus  vagabundus,  Boheman. — Id 67 

Obituaey. —  Samuel  James  Capper,  F.E.S 68 

Societies. — Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society    69 

South  London  Entomological  Society  69 

Entomological  Society  of  London 70 

Notes   on  the  British  species  of  Longitarsus,  Latr.  (a  genus  of  Coleoptera) 

{continued).— J.  R.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  F.E.S.       12, 

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April,  1<»12.]  73 

pitchy  red,  without  any  metallic  reflection,  transverse,  bordei-ed,  distinctly  biit 
very  finely  ahitaceous,  with  piinctuation  fine  and  remote,  often  scarcely  visible. 
Elytra :  livid  testaceous,  with  suture  variable  in  colour,  black  or  pitchy,  generally 
broad  and  suifused,  punctiiation  only  moderately  strong,  apices  separately, 
bhintly  angled,  almost  rounded.  Legs:  generally  pitchy  testaceous  with 
posterior  femora  always  black;  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  in  <?  rather  more 
enlarged  than  in  ?  .  Posterior  tibial  spurs  rather  long.  Underside  black. 
Usually  winged,  but  semi-apterous  specimens  occur.     Length  If — 2  mm. 

In  the  diflBcult  ^roup  to  which  this  species  belongs,  it  may  usually 
be  recognised  by  its  generally  darker  colour  and  shorter  form,  and 
more  certainly  by  the  very  fine  or  obsolete  punctuation  of  the  thorax. 
The  variation  in  colour  of  the  elytra  and  the  strength  of  the  sutural 
band  is  considerable,  specimens  occurring  in  which  the  elytra  are 
almost  entirely  testaceous,  and  we  have  seen  an  example  taken  by 
Mr.  G.  Brown  at  Coatbridge,  near  Glasgow,  almost  completely  blatck. 

Pood  plants.— Fowler  and  Bedel  give  Senecio,  and  it  has  on  the 
Sussex  Downs  been  definitely  traced  to  Senecio  jacohxa  by  Mr.  H.  C. 
Dollman. 

Distribution  general  throughout  the  kingdom. 

Y Sir. —fuscicoUis,  Steph.,  the  form  with  the  thorax  light  pitchy, 
almost  red,  and  in  a  more  or  less  pronounced  degree,  is  almost  as 
common  as  the  type. 

\g,r.—2)aludosus,  Weise  [p.  970].  This  is  what  Weise  calls  "  the 
form  of  the  plains";  he  describes  it  as  winged,  with  more  slender 
antennse,  head  and  thorax  black,  elytra  brownish  yellow,  without  any 
reddish  tinge,  suture  broadly  black. 

Var. — macer,  Weise  [l.c.'\.  According  to  this  authority,  the 
universal  form  in  the  South  of  Europe,  smaller,  narrower,  with  the 
suture  narrowly  black,  and  possessing  wings. 

We  must  confess  our  inability  to  separate  any  of  these  as 
distinct  varietal  or  local  forms  among  British  examples  of  the  species, 
although  specimens  occur  promiscuously  which  might  be  comparable 
with  either  of  them. 

L.  sENECioNis,  Bris.  [Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1873,  p.  ccxviii]  ;  Bedel 
[Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V,  p.  192]. 

Syn.    liiciceps,  Brit.  Colls. 

In  his  note  on  this  species  (I.e.,  supra),  Ch.  Brisout  says  that  he 
is  re-naming  the  L.  atricillus  of  Foudras,  "  comme  il  y  a  deja  un 
L.  atricillus,  Gjll."  ;  but  atricillus,  Foudr.,  in  the  opinion  of  most 


74  f^P'^^' 

Continental  authorities  =  meJanocejihalus,  de  Gr.  (see  synonymic  note 
on  that  species).  L.  piciceps,  Steph.,  is  also  undoubtedly  L.  melanoce- 
phalus,  de  Gr.,  so  that  in  any  case  L.  senecionis  holds  good  for  the 
species  we  are  now  considering,  although,  Rye's  note  (Ent.  Ann.,  1872, 
p.  91)  having  been  forgotten  or  ignored,  it  stands  over  the  name  of 
L.  piciceps,  Steph.,  in  most  British  collections  at  the  present  moment. 

In  shape  oblong-ovate,  and  depressed.  Head  black.  Antennae  :  fuscous, 
not  black,  with  the  first  five  or  six  joints  testaceous.  Thorax :  transverse, 
bordered,  faintly  alvitaceous  and  obsoletely  punctured  (the  species  in  this  respect 
resembles  L.  sutiirellus,  from  which,  however,  its  general  shape  and  colour 
abundantly  distinguish  it),  in  colour  clear  ferruginous,  without  any  trace  of 
metallic  reflection.  Elytra :  oblong,  straw  coloured,  somewhat  translucent, 
confusedly  and  closely,  but  not  very  deeply  punctured,  the  punctviation  being 
very  obviously  closer  than  in  L.  melanocephalus  or  L.  suturalis ;  the  sutural 
marking  varies  considerably,  it  is  always  dark  and  distinct  with  suffused  edges, 
usually  thin  and  even,  biit  often  abbreviated  at  base  and  widened  out  posteriorly, 
and  very  occasionally  almost  obsolete.  Legs  :  testaceous,  with  posterior  femora 
usually  brown  testaceous  or  pitchy,  sometimes  quite  black  above  and  rufescent 
beneath  ;  first  anterior  tarsal  joints  not  dilated  at  all  in  ?  and  only  very 
slightly  in  (?,  a  feature  in  which  L.  senecionis  differs  from  every  other  member 
of  the  section  ;  posterior  tibial  spvirs  very  short.  Undex'side  pitchy,  coxae  rufescent. 
Bedel  says  that  the  last  ventral  segment  of  the  S  bears  a  strong  transverse 
impression  at  base,  but  we  are  not  satisfied  that  this  character  is  necessarily 
specific.  Wings  present  in  every  specimen  we  have  been  able  to  examine. 
Length  If— 2  mm. 

The  oblong  depressed  form,  the  generally  paler  colour,  and  the 
undilated  first  anterior  tarsal  joint  will,  without  much  difiiculty,  dis- 
tinguish the  present  species  from  others  in  this  section.  It  is,  however, 
much  more  easily  confused  with  the  form  of  L.  gracilis  with  a  dark 
sutural  line  (var.  poweri) ,  especially  as  both  occur  on  the  same  plant. 
Superficially  these  two  insects  are  very  similar ;  under  the  microscope, 
however,  its  much  denser  and  stronger  elytral  punctuation  will  readily 
distinguish  L.  senecionis,  and  the  posterior  femora  are  nearly  always 
darker  than  in  any  form  of  L.  gracilis. 

Food  plants. — Appears  to  be  attached  to  various  species  of 
Senecio,  and  is  generally  to  be  beaten  from  S.  jacohsea.  It  is  generally, 
if  not  very  commonly,  distributed  over  the  kingdom,  and  we  have 
taken  it  as  far  north  as  Forres  in  Scotland. 

L.  ATRiciLLUs,  L.  [Fn.  Suec.  p.  531]  (D ;  Steph.  [Man.  p.  296]  ;  All. 
[Mon.  p.  108]. 

(1)  Bedel  doubts  whether  the  "  Chvysomda  atncilla  "  of  liinnreiis  lie  really  this  insect,  but  all 
other  authors  accept  the  Ijiunean  diagnosis. 


1912.]  75 

Syn.    fmcicollis,  Bed.  [Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V,  p.  310.]  (i) 

Ovate,  more  elongate  and  less  convex  than  L.  suturellus.  Head  black. 
Antennae :  black  or  dark  fuscovis,  with  the  first  three  or  four  joints  feiTuginous. 
Thorax  :  transverse,  bordered,  varying  in  coloiir  from  a  light  ferruginous  to 
pitchy  red,  but  never  qvxite  black,  with  a  more  or  less  pronounced  aeneous 
reflection  always  present,  sometimes  almost  iridescent,  alutaceous,  very  distinctly 
and  evenly  punctured.  Elytra  :  dvdl  testaceous,  with  the  suture  variably  but 
always  distinctly  marked  in  black,  generally  narrow  and  abrupt,  but  sometimes 
suffused  and  indeterminate ;  there  are  often  other  dark  linear  markings  on  the 
elytra  parallel  with  the  sutiu-e ;  the  surface  is  alutaceous,  with  distinct  confused 
punctuation,  generally  rather  stronger  than  that  of  thorax,  but  weaker  at  apex  ; 
apices  slightly  separately  rounded.  Legs :  testaceous,  posterior  femora  black 
above,  pitchy  or  testaceous  beneath ;  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  in  <?  slightly 
enlarged  ;  posterior  tibial  spurs  short.  Underside  varying  from  pitchy  to  black. 
Wings  sometimes  present,  but  more  often  rudimentary.     Length  2 — 2\  mm. 

This  species  may  be  distinguished  from  L.  suhirellus  by  its 
rather  longer  oval  form,  the  distinct  punctuation  of  the  thorax,  and 
the  generally  more  reddish  or  testaceous  coloration  ;  from  L.  suturalis 
by  its  form  and  the  more  confused  elytral  punctuation,  and  generally 
from  all  its  congeners  by  the  metallic  reflection  of  its  thorax. 

Food  plants. — Medicago  (lucerne)  (Allard,  Fowler),  Onohrychis 
sativa  (H.  C.  DoUman) .  It  thus  appears  to  be  attached  to  Leguminosse 
and  probably  like  other  members  of  the  genus  feeds  on  more  than  one 
species.  L.  atricillus  ranges  throughout  the  United  Kingdom  and  is 
generally  common. 

Vars. — declivis,  Weise :  appears  to  be  merely  the  apterous  form  ; 
similis,  Weise :  a  dark  form  with  head  and  thorax  brassy  black,  and 
lateral  border  of  elytra  black,  which  can  be  found  in  any  large  series 
of  the  species. 

L.  STTTURALis,  Marsh.  [Ent.  Brit.  p.  201]  ;  Steph.  [Man.  p.  296]  ; 
All.  [Mon.  p.  114] ;  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI,  p.  966]  ;  Bedel 
[Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V,  p.  191]. 

Syns.     7iigricollis,  Foudr.  [Mon.  p.  161.] 
asneicollis,  Fald. 

Form  oblong  ovate,  similar  to  L.  atricillus,  but  rather  more  parallel-sided. 
Head  black.  Antennae  :  black  with  first  four  or  five  joints  testaceous.  Thorax : 
transverse,  bordered,  black  with  a  slight  but  distinct  bronze  reflection, 
alutaceous,  rather  weakly  but  quite  distinctly  punctured,  the  punctuation  being 
much  less  strong  than  in  L.  atricillus.     Elytra :  dull  testaceous,  with  black  well- 

(1)  Bedel  refers  to  this  species  in  the  first  part  of  his  work  as  7'.  atncilla,  L.,  but  in  the 
catalogTie  says:  "Substituez  le  nom  de  fuscicollis,  Steph.,  k  celui  d'atricilla,  L. ,  qui  reste 
6nigmatique,"  but  the  Stephensian  futcicollis  is  undoubtedly  the  form  of  X,  suturellus  with 
red  thorax. 

G  2 


76  [April, 

defined  suture  as  in  L.  atricillus,  distinctly  alutaceous,  with  bold  and  regular 
piinctvires,  which  are  more  remote  tlian  in  the  allied  species  and  are  to  some 
extent,  especially  at  base  and  near  suture,  seriate.  Legs :  testaceous,  with 
last  joint  of  all  tarsi  black  ;  posterior  femora  black  above,  testaceous  beneath  ; 
first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  in  S  distinctly  dilated  ;  posterior  tibial  spurs  short . 
Underside  black.     Winged.     Length  15 — 2  mm. 

This  is  a  species  wliicli  appears  to  be  rare  in  Britain,  and  about 
which  much  confusion  prevails.  It  is  often  represented  in  British 
collections  by  either  L.  atricillus  or  L.  sntnreUvs.  From  the  former, 
the  quite  black  thorax,  the  marked  difference  in  strength  of  punctua- 
tion of  the  thorax  and  elytra,  and  the  more  regular,  remote,  and 
subseriate  character  of  the  ptmctuation  of  the  elytra,  together  with 
the  presence  of  wings,  will  distinguish  it.  L.  snturalis  perhaps  more 
closely  resembles  L.  suturellus,  but  from  this  species  its  more  parallel 
shape,  the  distinct,  if  weak,  thoracic,  and  the  much  stronger  elytral 
punctuation,  will  separate  it. 

(To  he  continued). 


NEW    CETONIID^  FEOM   BOENEO. 
BY    OLIVER    E.    JANSON,    F.E.S. 

PSEUDOCHALCOTHEA    SHELFORDI,    n.  Sp. 

P.  auripedi  ■nmilis.  Capite  pedihusque  viridis,  antennis  viridi-piceis. 
J.  Tihiis  posticis  pone  medium  di/atatia,  intus  ad  basin  loho  longo,  tibire 
longiore,  sat  lata,  curvuto,  apice  abrupte  recurvato,  acuta.  ?  .  Tihiis  antiris 
lateribus  nigra piceis.  Long..  35 — 37  vim. 

Very  similar  to  P.  auripes,  Westw.,  but  a  little  larger,  the  legs  entirely 
green,  and  the  antennae  piceous,  tinged  with  green.  The  male  differs  in  having 
the  appendage  of  the  hind  tibia?  free  almost  from  the  base,  mvich  longer, 
broader,  and  more  abruptly  bent  near  its  apex,  and  the  tibia  itself  dilated  below 
the  middle.  In  the  female  the  outer  side  of  the  front  tibiae,  including  the  teeth, 
is  black.  In  P.  virens,  Bits.,  to  which  it  is  also  closely  allied,  the  appendage  of 
the  hind  tibiae,  in  the  male,  arises  from  the  middle  .and  is  of  a  diiferent  form, 
and  the  female  has  the  sixth  abdominal  segment  broadly  emarginate  and  more 
prominent  at  the  sides. 

Mt.  Penrissan,  Sarawak. 

Both  sexes  received  from  Mr.  R.  Shelf ord,  and  also  in  the  Sarawak 
Museum. 

PsEUDOCHALCOTHEA    COMPACTA,    n.  Sp. 

?  .  Saturate  viridis,  corpore  sitbtus  femoribusque  anescentihus,  clypeo 
apice  cupreu,   antennis.   tihiis   tarsisque  casianeis.      Capite  passim  punctata. 


1912.]  77 

clypeo  Ron  dilato,  apice  ciimrginato ;  prothorace  disco  spansim  punctulato, 
lateribus  grosse  punctatin,  marginatis ;  elytris  juxta  suturam  et  postice 
irreguJariter  punrtafo-xtriaiif.  laterihus  apireque  strigulosis  ;  pygidio  con- 
vexo.  profiinde  sinuuto-aciculato,  apice  leviter  sulcato  et  sparsim  hirsute; 
corpore  suhtns  fere  laevi,  processu  mesosternali  trianpulariter  producto,  apice 
suh-acuto.  Long.,  25  mm. 

Size  of  P.  hasselti,  Rits.,  but  of  a  broader,  more  robust  and  compact  form, 
and  more  olive  green  coloiir  above.  The  head  is  smaller  and  much  more  strongly 
punctured,  the  clypevis  not  widened  in  front  and  with  a  smaller  apical  notch, 
the  prothorax  altogether  broader,  more  deeply  sulcate  behind,  and  more 
narrowly  margined  at  the  sides,  the  elytra  more  strongly  punctured  and  less 
deeply  emarginate  at  the  apex,  the  pygidium  very  much  broader,  and  Avith  a 
deep  and  strongly  sinuous  aciculation,  which  gives  a  scale-like  appearance, 
especially  towards  the  apex ;  the  mesosternal  process  is  longer  and  almost  acute 
at  its  apex,  the  aciculation  on  the  apical  abdominal  segment  is  stronger  and 
more  sinuous,  and  the  anterior  tibiae  are  broader  and  with  the  teeth  larger. 

Mt.  Kina-balu. 

1  have  two  female  examples  only,  from  the  northern  spurs  of 
Mount  Kina-balu. 

PSEUDOCHALCOTHEA  MACROPHYLLA,  n.  Sp. 

Pallide  Jlavo-viridis,  corpore  .^uhtus  pedihusque  laete  prasino,  antennis 
tarsisque  piceis,  clypeo  margine  antico  cupreo,  elytris  callo  hunierali  rufo- 
castaneo.  Capiie  obsolete  et  remote  punctata,  antics  parum  dilatato,  clypeo 
marginihus  elevatis,  apice  rotundato,  vix  siyiuato  ;  prothorace  lateribus  leviter 
sinuatis,  marginatis  ;  dytris  lateribus  postice  acicul alls  ;  processu  mesoster- 
nali  longe  producto,  apice  incurvato,  sub-acuto.  $.  Antennarum  flabello 
longissimo  (4|  mm.)  ;  pygidio  transversim  aclculato,  apice  sulcato  ;  abdomine 
canaliculato,  segmento  ultimo  transversivi  sulcato,  leviter  emarginato ;  tihiis 
anticis  inermis,  posticis  apice  jiavo-fasciculato.  ?  .  Pygidio  brevi,  leviter 
asperato ;  abdomine  segmento  ultimo  aclculato;  tlblls  anticis  lateribus  bi- 
dentatis.  Long.,  23 — 24  mm. 

The  upper  surface  is  smooth,  but  under  a  lens  an  extremely  fine  and 
remote  punctuation  is  discernible  on  the  head  and  thorax,  and  there  are 
scattered  coarse  punctures  on  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  apical  pai't 
of  the  elytra;  the  surface  of  the  latter  is  also  a  little  uneven  behind  the 
middle  and  at  the  sides.  In  the  male  there  are  widely  scattered  punctiires  on 
the  sides  of  the  metasternum,  and  in  the  female  these  are  more  numerous  and 
somewhat  strigiform.  In  form  and  size  P.  macrophylla  is  nearest  to  the  pre- 
ceding species,  but  in  the  form  of  its  clypeus  and  its  unarmed  hind  tibice,  with 
a  simple  apical  spine,  it  does  not  come  within  the  definition  of  this  genus, 
and  approaches  Glyptothea. 

Mt.  Kina-balu.     Both  sexes  received  from  Mr.  A.  Everett. 


78  [April, 

GrLYPTOTHEA    MOULTONI,    n.  Sp. 

G.  whiteheadi  similis.  J .  Olivaceo-viridis ;  capite,  cor'pore  suhlus 
femorihusqiie  viridi-auratus,  tibiis  caxfaneo-viridis,  tarsis  nigro-cyaneis. 
Clypeu  antice  scnsim  diJatato,  apice  rotundalo,  anguste  reflexo,  medio  paullo 
emarginato  ;  elytria  paste  medium  anguste  bicostatis,  Jaterihus  uni-custatis, 
iiifer.stitiis  apiceque  sinuato-aciculatis ;  pygidio  apice  leviter  hi-noduso. 
?  .  Cyaneo-viridis,  clypeo  apice  leviter  rtflexo,  pygidio  apice  obsolete  sulcato, 
tibiis  anticis  latioribus,  acute  dentatis.  Long.,  18 — 21  min. 

Besides  the  coloration,  the  male  differs  from  this  sex  of  G.  whiteheadi, 
Bates,  in  having  the  clypevis  more  dilated,  its  apex  much  more  narrowly  re- 
flexed  and  distinctly  emarginate,  the  prothorax  broader  in  front,  the  discal 
carinse  of  the  elytra  narrower,  and  the  aciculate  sculpture  of  the  interstices, 
sides  and  apex  of  a  more  vermiculate  form,  and  the  pygidium  more  coarsely 
strigose,  and  with  two  small,  closely  approximate,  nodules  at  its  apex.  In  the 
female  the  sculpture  of  the  elytra  is  very  much  coarser  and  consists  of  elongate 
impressions,  uniting  and  forming  chain-like  rows. 

Mt.  Penrissen,  Sarawak,  4200^500  ft. 

I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  R.  Slielford  and  Mr.  J.  C.  Moulton  for 
specimens  of  both  sexes  of  this  interesting  species ;  it  is  also  in  the 
collection  of  the  Sarawak  Museum. 

Glyptothea  bxcavata,  n.  sp. 

(J.  Olivaceo-viridis, prothorace  elytrisque  lateribusjlavesceutibus,  capite, 
corpore  subtus  pygidioque  aureo-viridis,  antennis,  tibiis  et  tarsis  rufo-piceis, 
cyaneo-tinctis.  Capite  dense  punctata,  clypeo  margine  antico  reflexs,  paulo 
sinuato  ;  elytris  obsolete  costatis,  postice  spatio  juxta  suturam  grosse  et  pro- 
funde  hiseriatim  punctatis.  Long.,  18  mm. 

Broader  and  of  a  more  ovate  form  than  G.  whiteheadi,  the  head  much  more 
closely  ptmctured,  the  clypeus  narrower,  rounded  and  more  narrowly  reflexed 
at  its  apex,  the  prothorax  shorter,  broader,  more  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
less  angulated  at  the  sides,  and  feebly  margined  to  the  apical  angles ;  the 
elytra  more  broadly  sulcate  at  the  suture  and  very  feebly  bi-costate  behind, 
the  sutural  depression  with  three  irregular  rows  of  punctures,  which  become 
smaller  and  obsolete  towards  the  base,  but  miich  larger,  and  assiuning  the  form 
of  a  double  series  of  very  large  transverse  aciculated  pits,  as  they  approach  the 
apex ;  the  sides  are  punctured,  rugose,  and  with  a  feeble  submarginal  carina ; 
the  pygidium  convex,  coarsely  strigose,  and  with  a  very  slight  impression  at 
the  apex ;  the  underside  sparsely  pubescent ;  the  metasternum  closely  punctured 
at  the  sides ;  the  mesosternal  process  short,  broad,  and  rounded  at  its  apex. 

Mt.  Kina-balu.  A  single  female  example  from  the  van  de  Poll 
collection. 

95,  Claremont  Road,  Highgate,  N.  .- 
March,  1912. 


1912.]  79 

DESCEIPTION   OF  A   VARIETY   OF    T0M0GL08SA  LUTEICORNIS,  Er. 

BY    MALCOLM    CAMERON,    M.B.,    E.N.,    F.E.S. 

TOMOGLOSSA    LUTEICORNIS,    V.    EPPELSHEIMI,    n. 

Entirely  reddish-testaceous,  except  the  anterior  half  or  two-thirds  of  the 

elytra,  which  are  more  or  less  infiiscate,  and  a  distinct  dark   patch   on  the 

middle  of  the  sixth  dorsal  segment,   not   sharply  circumscribed,  but  fading 

gradually  into  the  ground  colour.     The  fifth  dorsal  segment  is  sometimes  also 

a  little  infuscate. 

This  variety  was  referred  to  by  Eppelslieim,  in  litt.,  as  var.  lasta, 
but  no  description  having  appeared,  and  the  insect  being  very  distinct 
from  the  type-form,  I  have  thought  it  well  to  bring  it  forward  and 
dedicate  it  to  the  late  Dr.  Eppelslieim. 

Occurs  not  uncommonly  in  the  Island  of  Kamaran  in  the  Red 
Sea,  also,  according  to  Eppelslieim,  in  the  Caucasus. 

February  22nd,  1912. 


ON  SOME  UNINTENTIONAL  EVIDENCE  IN  SUPPORT  OF  THE 
MIMICRY  THEORIES,  SUPPLIED  BY  A  SMALL  COLLECTION 
OF   BORNEAN   BUTTERFLIES. 

BY  J.  C.  MOULTOX,  F.L.S.,  F.E.S.,  Curator  of  the  Sarawak  Museum. 

A  collection  of  butterflies  was  recently  brought  to  me  for 
examination  by  a  friend  who  had  caught  them  all  in  a  fortnight's 
visit  to  a  Sarawak  out-station  (Simunjon,  December,  1911)  ;  and  as 
it  demonstrates  so  beautifully  some  of  the  chief  characteristics  of  an 
Eastern  butterfly  fauna,  I  have  thought  that  perhaps  a  few  notes  may 
be  of  some  interest.  '  Museum  collections  give  a  general  idea  of  the 
resources  of  a  country  in  any  particular  faunistic  branch,  and  entomo- 
logical literatui'e  can  tell  us  something  about  the  habits  and  rarity 
(or  otherwise)  of  each  species,  but  a  far  clearer  side-light  on  the 
subject  is  gained  by  examining  a  small  collection  of  this  sort,  formed, 
I  should  add,  by  a  non-entomological  visitor,  who  was  content  to  take 
the  easy  course  of  collecting  all  those  individuals  which  for  the  most 
part  seemed  almost  to  court  capture  by  their  gentle  flight  and  brilliant 
colouring.  An  entomologist,  recognizing  the  common  species,  would 
probably  have  passed  them  by,  and  devoted  his  attention  to  the 
rarities.  This  collection,  however,  was  made  by  a  rto?i-entomologist 
to  whom  all  Sarawak  butterflies  were  new  and  desirable,  and  hence, 
although  there  are  no  rarities  which  call  for  remark,  the  relative 
numbers  of  each  species  are  both  instioictive  and  interesting. 


NyniphalidiB. 

Lonioniidfe. 

Lyc?enidi«. 

Species 

known 

from 

Borneo  ...  240 

...      17 

...      300 

Species 
in  col- 
lection ...     40 

1 

7 

Speci- 
mens in 
collec- 
tion      197 

1 

9 

80  f^P"^' 

Lastly  I  should  add  that  my  friend,  in  maldng  the  collection  and 
in  offering  them  to  me  for  examination,  had  no  idea  that  they  were  to 
be  utilised  for  these  notes. 

The  collection  comprises  274  examples,  representing  68  different 
species,  no  less  than  108  specimens  being  divided  among  5  species  of 
Banainse.  The  number  of  different  species  of  butterflies  at  present 
known  from  Borneo  is  approximately  791.  The  following  table  shows 
the  number  of  species  Icnown  of  each  family  together  with  the  number 
of  species  and  individuals  obtained  in  this  collection. 

Picridfe.     Papilionidse.     Hesperiidte.      Total. 


41       ...      42       ...       151       ...      791 


9*    ...        9      ...  2      ...        68 


25      ...      40      ...  2      ...      274 

The  first  point  to  notice  is  the  relatively  large  number  of 
Nymphalidx  obtained— no  less  than  one- sixth  of  the  total  number 
known  from  Borneo — while  over  71  per  cent,  of  the  specimens  in  the 
collection  belong  to  this  family. 

If,  furthermore,  we  analyse  the  Nymphalidfe  so  as  to  show  the 
relative  numbers  of  each  group  or  sub-family,  we  obtain  some 
significant  figures. 

Danainse 
Danaini.       Buploeini.  Satyrinas.     Blymniinpe.  Amathusiinse.  Nymphalinw.       Total. 
Species 
known 
from 
Borneo  ...     16      ...       16       ...      33      ...       10      ...      26      ...      139       ...        240 

Species 
in  collec- 
tion          5       ...        8      ...        8      ...        2      ...         1       ...         16       ...  40 

Speci- 
mens in 
coUgC" 
tion   49       ...      77      ...      15      ...        7      ...        2      ...        47       ...        197 

The  very  large  proportion  of  Danainas  (Danaini  and  Ewplceini) 
provides  excellent  evidence  in  support  of  the  Miillerian  theory  of 
mimicry,  which  postulates  associations  or  combinations  of  distasteful 

*  Not  including  one  specimen  as  yet  unidentified. 


1»12.]  8] 

butterflies  characterised  by  a  common  conspicuous  warnine^  pattern, 
which  is  further  displayed  and  emphasized  by  large  numbers  of  indi- 
viduals and  by  a  fearless,  slow  method  of  flight,  so  that  they  fall  an 
easy  prey  to  the  net.  In  the  Neotropical  region  the  dominant 
Miillerian  associations  are  formed  by  the  Ithoniivnee  and  Heliconimx — 
butterflies  characterized  by  a  black  and  yellow  striped,  tiger-like, 
pattern.  In  the  Oriental  region  these  are  replaced  by  two  distasteful 
associations,  each  with  its  own  particular  mimics,  (i)  the  black-and- 
white-lined  Banaini  and  (ii)  the  black  or  iridescent  purple-black 
Euploeini.  This  has  been  demonstrated  often  enough  by  writers  who 
have  studied  European  collections,  but  the  involuntary  evidence 
supplied  by  the  above  figures  is  to  my  mind  even  more  eloquent. 

The  Banaini  collected  are  chiefly  confined  to  two  species,  B.  eryx, 
Fab.  (29  specimens),  and  B.  vulgaris,  Butl.  (14  specimens).  The 
other  three  species  represented  are  B.  septentrionis,  Butl.,  3  ;  B.  lotis, 
Cram.,  2  ;  B.  astasia,  Fab.,  1.  Total  49  specimens.  Of  these  only 
two  females  were  noticed,  both  of  B.  eryx. 

The  Euploeini  chiefly  belong  to  three  species,  E.  claudius  mulciber, 
Cram.,  27  ;  E.  crameri,  Luc,  18  ;  and  E.  diocletianus  lowei,  Moore,  20. 
The  remaining  species  are  E.  scudderi,  Moore,  2  ;  E.  bremeri,  Feld.,  4 ; 
E.  uniforinis,  Moore,  4  ;  E.  zonata,  Druce,  1  ;  E.  corns  hutleri,  Moore,  1. 
Total  77.  Of  all  these  only  one  female  was  noticed  (-E".  claudius 
midciber) . 

The  remaining  species  of  Nymphalidas  call  for  little  comment. 
They  are: — 

Elymniin^,  E.  nigrescens,  Butl.,  6  ;  E.  panthera,  Fab.,  1. 

Amathtjsiin.^,  a.  phidippuSjTiinn.,  2. 

Sattein^,  Mycalesis  medus,  W.  M.  et  de  Nic,  2  ;  M.  anapita, 
Moore,  3  ;  M.  mineus,  Linn.,  1  ;  Ypthima  pandocus,  Moore,  1 ;  Y.fas- 
ciata.  Hew.,  3  ;  Lethe  europa,  Fab.,  1 ;  Bagadia  crisia,  Hiibn.,  3  ;  Erites 
elegans,  Butl.,  1.  Only  one  Lemoniid  was  captured,  viz.,  Abisara 
hausambi,  Feld.,  1. 

Nymphalin^,  Neptis  nata,  Moore,  1 ;  N.  leiicothoe  matuta,  Hiibn.,  5 ; 
N.peraha, Butl.,  1 ;  Junonia  atlites, Linn., 2 ;  Cethosia  hypsea, D. and  H.,  3 ; 
Cynthia  erota,  Fab.,  15;  Oupha  erymanthis  lotis,  Sulz.,  6;  Limenitis pro- 
cris  agnata,  Fruhst.,  1  ;  Athyma  kresna,  Moore,  3  ;  Adolias  canescens, 
Butl.,  1 ;  Euthalia  ambalika,  Moore,  1  ;  E.  dunya,  D.  and  H.,  1 ;  Eulepis 
delphis,  Doubl.,  1  ;  Parthenos  sylvia.  Cram.,  5  ;  Cyrestis  nivea  nivalis, 
Feld.,  1 ;  C.  theresse,  de  Nic,  1.  Among  the  15  Cynthia  erota  there 
was  only  a  single  female. 


82  [April, 

The  Lycamidas  were  conspicuously  ill-represented — not  a  single 
example  of  the  Gerydinse  or  of  the  large  sub-family  of  Arlwpalinss  (of 
which  some  60  species  are  known  from  Borneo).  The  9  specimens 
captured  are  Nacadnba  ?  atrata,  Horsf .,  2  ;  N.  ardates,  Moore,  1 ;  Lam- 
pides  cornscans,  Moore,  1;  L.?  zebra,  Druce,  2 ;  Curetis  thetys,  Drury,  1 ; 
Bidvxinda  thesmia,  Hew.,  1  ;  Dacalana  vidura,  Horsf.,  1. 

The  Pieridae  captured  are  CatojjJiaga  panlina,  Cram.,  1  ;  Catopsilia 
crocale,  Cram.,  5  ;  C.  jjyranthe,  Linn.,  3  ;  Terias  sari,  Horsf.,  3  ;  T. 
hecabe,  Linn.,  2 ;  T.  tilaha,  Horsf.,  2  ;  Leptosia  xiphia,  Fab.,  5  ; 
Prioneris  vollenhovei,  Wall.,  1  ;  Hupliina  hespera,  Bi;tl.,  3. 

The  Papilionidx  are  P.  helenus  palawanicus,  Stand.,  3  ;  P.  nephelns 
saturnus, Guer.,  3 ;  P.  memnon, Linn.,  6 ;  P.  sarpedon,  Linn., 4 ;  P.  evemon, 
Boisd.,  13 ;  P.  eurypilus  axion,  Feld.,  4 ;  P.  bathycles  bathycloides, 
Honr.,  3  ;  P.  agametmion,  Linn.,  3,  and  the  Euplceine  mimic,  P.  catmus 
mendax,  Rothsch.,  1. 

There  is  a  noticeable  absence  of  the  high-flying  conspicuous 
Ornithoptera  and  Troides. 

The  swift-flying  Hesperiidse  are  represented  by  two  specimens 
only,  Taractrocera  ardonia,  Hew.,  l,and  one  ?  sp.  very  worn. 

The  collection  brings  out  the  following  points  :■ — • 

(i)  Euploeini  and  Danaini  are  the  most  abimdant,  most  easy  to 
capture,  and  most  conspicuous  butterflies  of  the  Oriental  region,  and 
therefore  fulfil  the  requirements  or  answer  to  the  definition  of  principal 
models  in  a  Miillerian  mimetic  combination. 

(ii)  The  Papilionine,  P.  cawius  mendax,  which  so  beautifully 
mimics  the  distasteful  E%ploea  diocletianus  loivei,  being  taken  together 
with  that  species,  affords  yet  further  corroboration  of  the  statement 
that  models  and  mimics  are  undoubtedly  found  together  in  the  same 
place  and  at  the  same  time. 

(iii)  In  accordance  with  the  theory  of  mimicry  the  distastefvd 
models  are  numerically  superior  to  their  mimics.  The  collection 
shows  20  individuals  of  the  model,  Euploea  diocletianus  lowei,  to  1  of 
the  mimic,  Papilio  caunus  mendax,  and  none  of  the  other  two  Bornean 
mimics,  Euripus  halitherses  $  form  isa,  Moore  (the  Nymphaline),  or 
Mivieuplaia  rhadamantha,  Butl.  (Chalcosid  moth) , 

(iv)  The  absence  of  Lycienidse  and  Hesperiidie  in  this  collection 
demonstrates  their  capabilities  for  taking  care  of  themselves,  the 
former  principally  by  protective  colouring,  and  the  latter  by  their 
swift  flight,  in  addition  to  sombre  colours.* 

*  It  is  also  probable  that  moie  attention  was  devoted  to  the  larger  butterflies.— B.  B.  Poulton. 


1912.]  83 

(v)  The  conspicuous  absence  of  females  supports  another  con- 
clusion which  follows  from  the  mimicry  theories,  namely  that  females 
are  more  important  than  males  for  the  continuation  of  the  species,  and 
that  natural  selection  has  evolved  for  them  better  means  of  protection, 
viz.  (i)  more  sluggish  habits,  e.g.,  females  do  not  fly  so  much  or  appear 
in  the  open  like  the  brightly  coloured  males  which  seem  almost  to 
coiu't  capture  or  the  experimental  tasting  of  young  and  inexperienced 
enemies  ;  (ii)  more  perfect  mimicry  of  some  distasteful  pattern  or  a 
closer  resemblance  to  their  surroundings. 

Critics  of  the  mimicry  theories  have  often  pointed  out  that  it 
is  easy  enough  to  illustrate  these  theories  with  beautiful  examples 
picked  out  from  the  collections  of  any  large  and  important  Museum, 
but  they  urge  that  it  is  quite  a  diiferent  thing  to  find  such  complete 
examples  in  real  life.  It  is  indeed  true  enough  that  one  would  have 
to  sit  in  the  jungle  for  many  a  long  year  before  one  managed  to  find 
in  one  spot  and  at  one  time  a  complete  illustration  of  any  one  mimetic 
association,  i.e.,  like  some  of  the  remarkable  series  exhibited  before  the 
Entomological  Society  in  recent  years— series  which  show,  e.g.,  100 
examples  of  species  A  the  dominant  model,  together  with  50  each  of 
the  subsidiary  distasteful  models  B  and  C,  10  each  of  the  Miillerian 
mimics  D  and  E,  and  one  example  each  of  the  rare  Batesian  mimics 
F  and  G.  I  repeat  that  if  one  expects  to  see  all  the  membei's  of  a 
combination  like  that  alive  in  the  tropics,  the  minute  one  finds  a  likely 
spot  in  the  jungle,  then  disappointment  awaits  the  visitor.  But  it  is 
equally  true  that  a  supporter  of  the  mimicry  theory,  if  he  diligently 
applied  himself  to  it,  could  collect  in  one  locality  in  a  month  or  two,  a 
very  similar  series  to  the  picked  exhibit  which  he  had  seen  in  London 
a  few  months  before.  And  it  is  also  true  that  a  collector,  with  a  bias 
against  the  mimicry  theories,  could  make  a  numerous  collection  of 
common  butterflies  in  this  country,  in  which  the  Euploeine-Danaine 
element  was  not  obviously  dominant,  and  from  which  their  rarer 
mimics  might  well  be  absent  altogether. 

I  desire  therefore  to  call  attention  once  more  to  the  value  of  a 
collection  such  as  the  one  now  described,  since  it  was  formed  by  one 
blissfully  free  of  all  views  in  support  of,  or  antagonistic  to,  these 
theories.  It  is  more  instructive  than  any  formed  by  a  professional 
collector,  who  would  have  been  at  great  pains  to  search  out  rarities 
and  at  the  same  time  would  have  passed  by  the  common  species  ;  it  is 
also  more  valuable  than  the  average  collection  fonned  by  the  amateur- 
visitor,  because  such  collections  usually  contain  too  few  specimens,  or, 
if  of  larger  size,  have  probably  been  augmented  from  the  duplicate 
boxes  of  friends. 


84  f^prii' 

Professor  Poultou  lias  recorded  instances  of  model  and  mimic 
being  taken  in  one  sweep  of  the  net,  and  has  even  found  model  and 
mimic  sent  to  him  in  one  set  of  papers  by  a  collector  who,  having 
taken  the  two  in  the  same  place  and  day,  had  not  noticed  that  they 
were  different  species.  I  suggest  that  these  scraps  of  independent 
and  unintentional  evidence  in  direct  support  of  these  theories  are 
worthy  of  the  serious  consideration  of  those  who  regard  mimicry  as  a 
museum-manufactured  phantom,  but  non-existent  as  a  real  phenomenon 
in  tropical  life. 


The  following  experiment  made  by  Mr.  Moulton,  January  2nd, 
1912,  forms  an  interesting  supplement  to  his  paper: — 

"  I  caught  a  male  Danais  (the  specific  name  is  illegible,  but 
is  probably  intended  for  eryx)  in  my  dining-room  and  gave  it 
alive  to  a  '  pig-tailed  Macacus.'  The  monkey  first  held  the  butterfly 
by  the  folded  wings,  then  opened  the  wings  and  pulled  off  the 
abdomen,  which  he  smelt,  pulled  to  pieces,  smelt  again,  tasted, 
and  threw  down  in  evident  and  unmistakeable  disgust.  At  the 
same  time  he  liberated  the  butterfly  which  he  had  been  holding  with 
the  other  hand.  The  Danaine  immediately  flew  away  apparently 
uninjured,  except  for  the  trifling  loss  of  its  abdomen !  I  watched  it 
for  quite  a  minute  as  it  mounted  high  up  into  the  air,  and,  after 
hovering  and  gliding  for  some  little  time,  flew  easily  away  out  of 
sight  into  a  patch  of  jungle  near  by.  The  experiment  showed  not 
only  the  extreme  distastefulness  of  the  Danaine,  but  that  the  un- 
pleasant quality  resides  in  the  body  and  has  nothing  to  do  with  the 
pigment  or  the  wings,  as  has  been  sometimes  suggested.  It  also 
proved  the  extraordinary  tenacity  of  life  which  is  associated  with  the 
special  means  of  protection." 

The  Sarawak  Museum,  Kuching : 
December,  1911. 


TBIOGMA    TRISULCATA,   Schum.,    A   FLY   NEW   TO   BRITAIN. 
BY    A.    E.    J.    CARTER. 

While  looking  over  recently  some  specimens  of  Limnohidee  and 
Tipulidm,  given  to  me  by  the  Eev.  E.  N.  Bloomfield,  I  found  a  fly 
with  a  wing  venation  such  as  I  had  not  seen  before — no  small  cross 
vein  being  present.     Examination  showed  that  I  had  an  example  of 


1012.]  85 

the  Cylindrotominpe.  before  me,  and  working  with  Schiuer,  I  quickly 
ran  it  down  to  Triogma  trisulcata,  Schum.  This  species  is  characterised 
by  the  antennal  joints  being  hardly  longer  than  wide,  by  the  thorax 
having  three  longitudinal  grooves,  the  outer  two,  as  well  as  the  sides 
of  the  dorsum,  being  punctured;  and  by  the  peculiar  venation:  the 
3rd  long  vein  arising  from  the  2nd  before  the  discal  cell,  and  after 
forming  for  a  short  distance  part  of  the  upper  boundary  thereof, 
branching  off  and  going  to  the  apex  of  the  wing.     Zetterstedt  (Dipt. 

Scand.,  X,  p.  3879)  says :  "  abdomine testaceo,  vitta  dorsali 

fusca."  Schiner  has  no  mention  of  a  dorsal  stripe,  and  it  does  not 
show  in  the  present  specimen. 

It  appears  that  the  specimen  under  discussion  was  received  by 
Mr.  Bloomfield,  many  years  ago,  from  Mr.  R.  C.  Bradley,  of  Sutton 
Coldfield,  as  Phalacrocera  replicata,  L.,  a  species  to  which  it  bears  a 
superficial  resemblance.  Mr.  Bradley  recoi'ded  P.  replicata  in  Ent. 
Mo.  Mag.,  1894,  p.  17.  I  do  not  suggest  that  this  record  was 
erroneous.  It  is  more  probable  that  the  Triogma,  being  subsequently 
taken  in  the  same  locality,  was  overlooked. 

The  specimen  is  a  (J ,  and  bears  a  label  in  Mr.  Bradley's  hand- 
writing, "  Sutton,  16,  6,  99,"  so  that  this  interesting  (generic  as  well 
as  specific)  addition  to  our  List  was  captured  nearly  thirteen  years 
ago ! 

According  to  Osten  Sacken  ("  Studies  in  Tipulidee  ")  there  is  but 
one  European  species  of  Triogma.  It  appears  to  be  rare,  and  is 
recorded  by  Zetterstedt  from  Sweden  and  Denmark,  and  by  Schiner 
from  Germany  and  Austria. 

Blairgowrie : 

March  9th,  1912. 


A   NEW   FOEM   OF   BED-BUG:    CACODMUS   IGN0TU8,   sv.  nov. 
BT    THE    HON.    N.    CHARLES    ROTHSCHILD,    M.A.,    P.E.S. 

Closely  allied  to  Cacodm^is  villosus,  Stal. 

Head,  thorax,  elytra,  abdomen,  and  legs  densely  covered  with  rather  long 
hairs  inserted  in  pits ;  coloiu-  madder  brown.  Head  without  labrum  about  half 
the  length  of  the  pronotum  and  very  deeply  placed,  the  pronotum  reaching  well 
to  the  eye.     Relative  lengths  of  antennse  as  follows .- — 18,  54,  37,  39. 

Pronotum  at  the  apex  truncate,  far  wider  than  it  is  long.  The  sides  are 
rounded,  but  are  less  so  than  in  C.  villosus,  Stal.  Anterior  angles  of  the  pronotum 
slightly  produced  and  reaching  to  the  centre  of  the  eye.     Posterior  edge  of 


86  [April, 

pronotum  sinuate,  and  longer  than  in  C.  villostis.  Explanate  margin  narrow  and 
of  the  same  width  all  round,  except  at  the  apical  angle  where  it  is  slightly- 
widened.  Marginal  hairs  of  pronotiun  of  equal  length,  except  at  posterior  angles 
where  they  are  slightly  shorter.  These  hairs  are  long  and  stovit  and  two  and  a 
half  times  the  width  of  the  eye  in  length. 

Scutellum  transverse  and  triangular  in  shape.  The  anterior  edge  is  convex, 
the  posterior  edge  concave  towai'ds  the  sides.  The  posterior  edge  forms  a  minute 
point  fitting  into  the  elytra  in  the  centre  where  the  scutelltun  is  widest  and 
generally  narrows  towards  the  pleura.  The  metasternum  resembles  that  of 
villosus  by  being  bottle-shaped,  but  whereas  the  posterior  margin  is  sinuate  in 
villosus,  it  is  roiinded  in  ignotus. 

Elytra  transverse,  shortest  towards  the  suture  and  widest  towards  the  sides. 
The  relative  increase  in  breadth  at  the  sides  is  more  accentuated  in  the  present 
species  than  in  villosus,  the  lengths  at  the  suture  and  at  the  sides  being  20,29  in 
ignotus  and  20,25  in  villosus. 

The  two  elytra  are  adjacent  anteriorly  but  separated  at  the  posterior  end. 

The  anterior  sutural  angle  of  the  elytra  (i.e.,  the  angle  near  the  scvitellum) 
is  less  strongly  rounded  than  the  posterior  angle  in  ignotus  ;  while  in  villosus 
these  two  angles  are  identical,  the  posterior  being  less  rounded  in  villosus 
than  ignotus.  There  are  some  very  long  hairs  situated  on  each  elytra  on  the 
lateral  explanate  edges. 

Abdominal  tergites. — The  hairs  of  the  abdominal  tergites  one  to  six  are 
very  long  and  fine,  and  are  evenly  and  very  densely  distributed  over  the  whole 
surface  of  the  tergite.  In  the  posterior  row  of  haiis  of  each  of  the  tergites  one 
to  six  are  a  number  of  spine-like  bristles  as  well,  which  lie  very  flat.  The  bristles 
at  the  sides  of  the  tergites  are  very  long  and  stout  and  project  well  over  the 
sides. 

'The  notch  on  the  4th  sternite  of  the  ?  is  present.  Femora  stout  and 
clothed  with  long  hairs.  Apical  tuft  of  hair  very  distinct  in  all  the  tibiae. 
Relative  lengths  of  tibijE  and  tarsi  (including  claw)  of  hind  leg  as  follows : — 
105,  39.     In  C.  villosus  they  are  :^92,  46. 

Total  length  12  mm,,  and  of  a  uniform  width  of  6  mm. 
The   type  and   only   known    example   of    this   fine   species   was 
discovered  by  Mr.  Oldfield  Thomas  on  a  bat  in  the  spirit  collection  of 
the  Natural  History  Museum,  but  no  other  details  were  recorded. 

Closely  allied  to  Cacodmus  villosus,  Stal,  of  which  we  have  been 
able  to  examine  but  three  examples,  two  in  the  British  Museum,  and 
one  in  the  Cambridge  Museum,  all  in  imperfect  condition.  The  present 
species  is  certainly  longer  than  C.  villosus,  it  is  also  covered  with  finer 
hairs.  The  chief  distinction  however  is  found  in  the  antennae.  In  the 
present  species,  as  mentioned  above,  the  relative  lengths  of  the  joints 
are  18,  54,  37,  39 ;  while  in  C.  villosus  they  are  24,  48,  39,  35. 


1913.1  87 

A  NEW  INDIAN  BED-BUG:  CLINOCORIS  PERI8TERM,  sv.  nov. 
BY    THE    HON.    N.    CHARLES    ROTHSCHILD,    M.A.,    F.L.S. 

Closely  allied  to  C.  lecfnlarms  and  C.  coluinharins,  but  abundantly 
distinct  from  both. 

The  relative  leno-ths  of  the  joints  of  the  antennse  are  as  follows : —  ^  12,  35, 
37,  28 ;  ?  13,  36,  39,  29.  The  present  species  thvxs  resembles  C.  lectularius  in 
the  third  joint  being  longer  than  the  second,  and  0.  columbarius  in  the  third 
joint  being  a  third  longer  than  the  fourth. 

The  eyes  of  C.  peristerse  are  longer  and  wider  than  those  of  C.  columharius, 
measuring  '18  ram.  in  length  and  -12  mm  in  width,  those  of  C.  columbarius  being 
•165  mm.  long  and  "09  mm.  wide.  Explanate  margins  of  the  prothorax  dis- 
tinctly wider  at  the  apex  than  obtains  in  C.  columharius,  being  '24  mm.  wide 
instead  of  -18  mm.  The  scntellum  resembles  that  of  columbaritis,  but  the 
hairs  on  it  are  twice  as  long  as  those  of  that  species,  measuring  -06  mm.  in 
length. 

The  relative  lengths  of  the  femora,  tibiae  and  tarsi  (incliiding  claw)  of  the 
hind  leg  are  as  follows: — 90,  105,  40;  while  in  columbarius  they  are  85,  90,  35. 
Length  2'65  mm. 

The  colour  of  this  species  is  brownish  orange,  and  if  not  due  to  incomplete 
chitinization  is  very  characteristic  of  the  species. 

All  the  examples  of  this  interesting  insect,  some  eighty  in  number, 
were  received  from  Mr.  P.  T.  L.  Dodsworth,  taken  from  a  pigeon-house 
on  the  12th  of  September,  1911,  at  Simla,  N.  W.  Himalayas,  India. 

Arundel  House, 

Kensington  Palace  Gardens, 
London :  March,  1912. 


COERECTION    OF    IMPOSSIBLE    NAMES. 
BY    THE    RT.    HON.    LORD    WALSINGHAM,    M.A.,    LL.D.,    F.R.S. 

Mr.  Meyrick  (ante  pp.  32-6)  has  taken  a  bold  course  in  re- 
naming a  number  of  species  of  Microlepidoptera  described  by 
Mr.  Kearfott  under  names  which  had  no  pretence  to  classical  correct- 
ness and  which  could  not  in  any  way  be  interpreted.  A  zoological 
name  should  surely  be  invalid  unless  it  means,  or  is  at  least  intended 
to  mean  something,  and  can  therefore  be  translated,  understood,  and 
possibly  remembered  in  connection  with  the  object  described.  What- 
ever may  be  the  finally  accepted  opinion  as  to  the  validity  of  his 
substituted  names  according  to  inteniational  rules  of  nomenclature,  no 
entomologist,  however  strong   an  adherent   he   may  be  to  the  hard 


88  [April, 

iiud  fast  law  of  priority,  will  blame  tlie  author  for  his  righteous  en- 
deavour to  call  attention  to  the  absurdity  of  any  merely  alphabetical 
system,  aud  to  provide  a  remedy  for  the  confusion  which  would  result 
from  its  adoption  and  repetition.  At  the  same  time  I  cannot  agree 
with  him  in  regarding  the  last  three  names,  at  the  end  of  the  list,  as 
coming  within  the  same  category  as  those  above  them.  Mr.  Busck  is 
certainly  not  guilty  of  having  formed  these  three  names  on  any  similar 
principle,  or,  may  we  say,  want  of  principle  ?  They  are  not  merely 
alphabetical  constructions  without  meaning :  "  banana "  certainly 
means  something,  a  fruit,  and  there  are  precedents  for  the  use  of  such 
well-known  words  as  special  names.  The  practice  is  none  the  less 
objectionable,  and  ought  to  be,  if  it  has  not  already  been,  ruled  out : 
"rana"  also  has  a  meaning,  a  frog,  and  may  have  been  suggested  by 
colour  or  appearance,  such  a  name  is  distinctly  allowable  ;  "  kana  " 
may  be  a  misprint  for  "  cana,"  and  the  correction  required,  if  any, 
to  bring  it  within  the  rules  of  classical  nomenclature,  is  very  slight 
and  involves  no  necessity  for  a  new  and  different  designation.  It 
seems  regrettable  that  Mr.  Meyrick  should  have  included  the  work 
of  a  careful  and  conscientious  author  in  his  otherwise  well-applied 
criticisms. 

Mr.  Meyrick  further  expresses  the  opinion  that  "those  who  would 
"  write  after  such  names  as  are  proposed  n.7i.  instead  of  71.  sp.  are  basing 
"an  affected  accuracy  on  a  logical  misapprehension;  71.  sj).  whenever 
"  applied,  signifies  a  new  specific  name  only,  and  not  a  new  species ; 
"  Entomologists  do  not  profess  to  have  created  the  insect  they  describe  ; 
"  the  description  is  new,  but  so  is  any  re- description ;  the  specific  name 
"  is  then  the  only  really  new  thing  that  is  intended  by  ?i.  sp.  and  this 
"  applies  therefore  equally  well,  whether  the  insect  has  received  another 
"earlier  name  or  not."  Surely  he  is  here  proposing  to  entirely  alter 
the  accepted  meaning  of  n.  sp.  If  this  means  anything,  it  means  that 
the  author  regards  the  species  as  previously  undescribed,  and  there- 
fore proposes  a  name  for  it.  There  is  no  question  of  creating  the 
insect  or  object  described,  which  as  he  admits  no  one  professes  to  do, 
it  is  a  question  solely  of  a  differentiation  which  has  to  be  recorded. 
In  this  case  Mr.  Meyrick' s  names  are  not  given  to  any  record  of  fresh 
observation  or  differentiation  ;  they  are  mere  corrections,  and  should  be 
designated  in  the  same  way  that  a  name  misspelt,  or  misprinted,  and 
afterwards  corrected  should  be  indicated  as  such.  "  /i.w."  has  been 
used  I  think  occasionally  to  signify  "  nomen  nudum  "  which  means  a 
mere  name,  invalid  because  imaccompanied  by  description,  or  ixn- 
connected  with  an  illustration,  and  cannot  be  here  applied  in  this 


ifli2.]  89 

sense — n.  nov.  (nomen  novum)  would  be  preferable,  but  in  any  case  I 
contend  that  "  n.  s2j."  is  not  applicable  to  such  names.  It  might 
perhaps  be  convenient  to  quote  them  as  "  Kearfott  cor.  Meyrick  "  duly 
abbreviated.  It  is  greatly  to  be  hoped  that  at  any  future  International 
Congress  some  fair  and  clearly  defined  rule  may  be  laid  down  by 
which  necessary  corrections  may  be  permitted  without  depriving  the 
original  author  of  whatever  value  or  credit  may  attach  to  the  record  of 
his  observations.  If  this  is  not  done  zoological  nomenclature  runs  no 
small  risk  of  losing  all  semblance  of  classical  construction,  and  of 
being  finally  overwhelmed  witli  ridicule. 

Villa  Sans  Souci,  Monte  Carlo : 
February  23rd,  1912. 


Chsetocnema  conducta,  Motsch.,  as  a  British  insect. — In  the  March  number 
of  the  "Naturalist,"  pp.  82,  83,  this  quite  unexpected  addition  to  our  list  is 
recorded  by  Mr.  E.  C.  Horrell,  on  the  authority  of  two  specimens  captured 
by  himself  last  May  in  Forge  Valley,  near  Scarborough.  The  straw -yellow 
elytra,  with  dark  suture,  margin,  and  shoiilder  spot,  distinguish  it  at  once 
from  our  other  British  species.  C.  depressa,  Boield.  {chrysicollis,  Foudr.),  is 
an  allied  continental  form,  narrower  in  shape,  with  a  uniformly  punctured 
head  (C  conducta  having  an  impunctate  space  down  the  middle)  and  the  dark 
shoulder  spot  wanting.  C.  conducta  has  an  extraordinarily  wide  distribution, 
extending  to  Morocco,  Algeria,  &c.  I  met  with  it  last  June  at  Azazga,  in 
Kabylia,  by  sweeping  Juncus  and  other  plants  in  a  nearly  dried-up  marsh, 
and  have  specimens  of  it  from  Tangier,  Salonica,  Leghorn,  and  Perpignan. 
It  is  apparently  not  foimd  in  the  basin  of  the  Seine,  where  it  is  represented  by 
the  allied  C.  depressa.  Mr.  Horrell's  drawing  of  the  insect  shows  ten-jointed 
antennae,  which  is  of  course  incorrect. — G.  C.  Champion,  Horsell,  Woking: 
March  7th,  1912. 

Note  on  Carabus  hookeri,  Nodier,  a  Scottish  insect. — In  the  "  Bulletin  de  la 
Societe  Entomologique  de  France,"  1912,  No.  3,  pp.  80,  81,  M.  P.  Lesne  calls 
attention  to  this  species,  described  by  Ch.  Nodier,  in  a  paper  entitled  "  Promenade 
de  Dieppe  aux  Montagues  d'Ecosse,"  Paris,  1821.  M.  Nodier  visited  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Ben  Lomond  in  1820,  and  collected  insects  there.  The  diagnosis  is 
as  follows :  "  Carabus  hookeri.  Affinis  certe  C.  auronitenti,  sed  duplo  minor. 
Apterus,  elytris  sulcatis  viridibus,  lineis  elevatis  externis  apice  tricrenatis.  N." 
As  M.  Lesne  says,  the  insect  is  undoubtedly  C.  nitens,  Linn.  (1758).  Carabus 
hookeri,  Nodier,  seems  to  have  completely  escaped  the  notice  of  entomologists, 
who  will  now  have  the  pleasure  of  adding  yet  another  synonym  to  a  species  of 
this  genus ! — G.  C.  Champion  .-  March,  1912. 

Note  on  Bledius  terebrans,  Schiodte. — This  insect,  recently  introdiiced  into  the 
British  List,  and  for  a  specimen  of  which  I  am  indebted  to  Dr.  Joy,  is  identical 

H 


90  [April, 

with  B.  camjn,  Bondroit,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.,  LI,  1907,  p.  24,  from  Belghim  and 
Holland.  Bondroit's  name  will  therefore  fall  as  a  synonym  of  Schiodte's  species. 
— M.  Cameron,  H.M.S.  "  Dartmouth,"  Atlantic  Fleet :  March,  1912. 

Coleoptera  in  a  hag  of  Chenvell  flood-refuse. — The  following  more  or  less 
notewoi'thy  Coleoptera  were  foiind  in  a  bag  of  flood-refiise  brovight  home  from 
the  Eiver  Cheiwell  at  Water  Eaton,  Oxon,  in  January,  several  of  them  being 
additions  to  the  Oxford  local  list — Agahus  uliginosus,  one  <?  specimen  of  this 
very  local  northern  insect,  kindly  confirmed  for  me  (with  other  species  in  this 
note)  by  Mr.  Gr.  C.  Champion ;  Enochrus  bicolor,  Ochthehius  rufimarginatus  and 
margipallens,  Calodera  riparia,  Ilyobates  forticornis  (2),  Myrrnedonia  limhata, 
Homalota  languida  (sparingly),  insecta,  pavens,  debilis  (common),  and  inter- 
media (1),  Philonthus  lucens  (1),*  Gabrius  bishopi.  Sharp  (both  sexes  of  this 
well-marked  form),  Stenus  canaliculatus  and  carbonarius,  Platystethus  capita 
(rare),  and  nitens  (common),  Hister  neglectus  (1),  Heterocerus  marginatus,  and 
several  9  examples  of  Phyllotreta  eseclamationis,  with  the  elytral  spots  confluent, 
forming  a  longitudinal  indented  yellow  marking  cvariously  like  the  pattern  of 
P.  sinuata. — J.  Collins,  74,  Tslip  Eoad,  Summei'town,  Oxford  :  March  16th,  1912. 

Silvanus  bidentatx(,s,  Fab.,  in  New  Zealand  :  synonymical  note. — In  June, 
1902,  I  took  at  Waitakerei,  near  Aiickland,  N.Z.,  two  or  three  specimens  of 
a  small  Cucujid  imder  the  bark  of  felled  trvinks  of  the  introduced  Californian 
Pinus  insignis.  These  I  noted  at  the  time  in  my  journal  as  "  a  Silvanus,"  but 
afterwards  found  them  to  agree  in  all  respects  with  the  description  of  Crypta- 
morpha  lateritia,  Brovin  (Man.  N.Z.  Coleoptera,  p.  222,  No.  390),  and  they  have 
hitherto  stood  under  that  name  in  my  series  of  New  Zealand  Coleoptera.  On 
examining  the  beetle  a  few  days  ago  with  Mr.  G.  C.  Champion,  we  found  it  to 
be  identical  with  the  well-known  Eviropean  (and  British)  Silvanus  bidentatus. 
Fab.  Bearing  in  mind  the  wide  distribution  by  commerce  of  several  species  of 
Silvanus,  it  is  not  unlikely  that  S.  bidentatus  has  been  brought  to  New  Zealand 
in  that  way ;  though  my  specimens  were  found  with  other  certainly  indi- 
genous wood-feeding  beetles  {Xenocnema  spinipes,  "WoU.,  Mitrastethus  bitubercu- 
latus.  Fab.,  &c.)  many  miles  from  the  coast,  in  a  wild  and  solitary  spot  at  the 
edge  of  one  of  the  few  remaining  patches  of  Kavu'i  forest  in  the  Avickland 
district.-:- James  J.  Walker,  Oxford:  March  I6th,  1912. 

Hylotrupes  bajulus,  L.,  and  other  beetles  at  Wellington  College. — On  Jvily  29th 
last  I  found  two  specimens  of  Hylotrupes  bajulus  on  some  timber  which  was 
being  vised  for  repairs  at  Wellington  College,  Berks.  I  also  captured  Leptura 
fulva  and  Tetropium  fuscum  near  the  College  in  July,  1909 ;  and  have  also 
to  record  a  specimen  of  Odontmus  mobilicornis,  found  dead  in  a  garden  at 
Twyford,  near  Winchester,  in  August,  1908. — Benjamin  G.  White,  Hardinge, 
Wellington  College :  March  4th,  1912. 

Hybernia  aurantiaria  var.  fusca. — By  this  name  I  propose  to  designate 
a  very  distinct  form  of  Hybernia,  aurantiaria  which  seems  to  have  become 
*I  found  P.  Ivctntt  \xi  fair  iimnbers  in  flood-refuse  near  Wolvercotc,  Oxon,  Dec.  23rd,  1911.— J.J. W. 


1912.]  91 

thoroughly  established  in  south-west  Yorkshire.  It  differs  from  the  type  in 
having  all  the  wings  uniformly  fuscous-brown,  though  the  hind  wings  are 
slightly  paler  than  the  fore-wings ;  and  in  that  there  is  no  trace  of  the  usual 
markings,  except  that  the  marginal  black  spots  on  the  hind  wings  can  be  traced 
in  the  dark  ground  colour.  It  is  in  fact  exactly  a  parallel  form  to  the  variety 
fuscata  of  Hijbernia  marginaria.  The  first  recorded  specimen  was  taken  by 
Mr.  W.  Mansbridge  at  Horsfoi'th,  near  Leeds,  so  long  ago  as  1890 ;  in  1896  I 
bred  it  from  a  larva  taken  near  Crosland  Hall,  Huddersfield ;  and  last  year 
(1911)  Mr.  B.  Morley  took  a  niunber  of  specimens  at  Skelmanthorpe,  near 
Huddersfield. — Geo.  T.  Porritt,  Dalton,  Huddersfield :  March  12th,  1912. 

Ichneumon  lugens,  Grav.,  hybernating.— In  "  British  Ichneumons,"  Vol.  i, 
p.  112,  Mr.  Morley  states  of  this  species.-  "The  females  are  said  to  pass  the 
winter  in  the  perfect  state."  I  have  much  pleasure  in  confirming  this  state- 
ment. My  friend  Mr.  H.  L.  Orr,  of  Belfast,  sent  me  a  female  which  he  took  on 
February  24th,  1912,  under  the  loose  bark  of  a  birch  tree  in  Carr's  Glen,  which 
lies  at  the  foot  of  Cave  Hill,  about  three  or  four  miles  northward  from  Belfast, 
on  the  County  Antrim  side. — W.  F.  Johnson,  Acton  Glebe,  Poyntzpass: 
March  8th,  1912. 

Prosopis  genalis  in  Surrey. — It  will  be  of  interest  to  record  the  re-occurrence, 
after  more  than  30  years,  of  this  bee,  which  is,  as  far  as  I  am  aware,  only  known 
as  British  by  three  specimens  taken  on  bramble  flowers  near  Hastings  in  1879. 
The  first  insect  was  taken  on  "  deadly  nightshade  "  about  the  middle  of  Jiine 
last,  and  four  ^  S  and  eight  ?  ?  some  three  weeks  later,  all  on  bramble  flowers, 
in  this  neighbourhood.  As  pointed  out  by  the  late  Ed.  Saunders,  the  ^  is  fairly 
easily  identifled.  The  characteristics  which  he  gave  of  the  ?  are  slight  and 
comparative  only ;  I  have  looked  in  vain  for  anything  more  deflnite.  The 
peculiarities  mentioned,  however,  such  as  they  are,  seem,  judging  from  my  own 
series,  to  be  quite  appreciable  and  equally  constant.  The  Kev.  F.  D.  Morice  has 
been  good  enough  to  confirm  my  identification. — C.  H.  Mortimer,  Royton  Chase, 
Byfleet,  Sui-rey  :  March  3rcl,  1912. 


The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  : 
Thursday,  January  25th,  1912,  Annual  General  Meeting. — Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye, 
F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Reports  of  the  Council  and  Officers  for  the  past  year  were  received  and 
adopted.  The  following  is  the  list  of  Council  and  OfHcers  elected  for  the  ensuing 
yea,Y:— President :  A.  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S. ;  Vice-Presidents:  W.  J.  Kaye,  F.E.S., 
and  B.  H.  Smith,  B.A.,  F.E.S. ;  Treasurer:  T.  W.  Hall,  F.E.S. ;  Librarian: 
A.  W.  Dods ;  Curator .-  W.  West  (Greenwich) ;  Hon.  Secretaries :  Stanley 
Edwards,    F.L.S.,     F.Z.S.,     F.E.S.,     and     H.    J.    Turner,    F.E.S. ;     Council  ; 

H  2 


92  [April. 

C.  W.  Colthrup,  T.  W.  Cowham,  'A.  E.  Gibbs,  F.L.S.,  F.E.S.,  R.  A.  R.  Priske, 
F.E.S.,  A.  Eussell,  F.E.S.,  A.  Sich,  F.E.S.,  and  E.  Step,  F.L.S.  Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye 
read  the  Annual  Addi-ess.  Votes  of  Thanks  were  passed  to  the  Treasurer, 
Secretaries,  and  other  officers. 

Ordinary  Meeting. — Mr.  A.  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S.,  President,  took  the  Chair. 

Messrs.  A.  C.  Mon-is,  of  Upper  Norwood,  and  Mr.  F.  W.  Frohawk,  of 
Walling^n,  were  elected  Members. 

Mr.  Edwards  exhibited  the  so-called  "  silver  fish "  Lepisma  saccharina. 
Mr.  Main,  a  narcissus  bidb,  sent  him  by  Mr.  Winkworth,  which  had  been  attacked 
by  the  larva  of  the  Dipteron,  Merodon  equestris,  which  was  often  extremely 
injurious  in  nurseries.  Mr.  Adkin,  a  Tinea  pallescentella  taken  on  Christmas 
Day,  apparently  just  emerged.  Mr.  Moore,  a  number  of  butterflies  from  the 
interior  of  Borneo,  including  Papilio  evemon,  var.  P.  itamputi,  Terias  gradiens, 
Hestia  logani,  var.  virgo,  Danisepa  lowii,  and  Terias  tilaha.  They  were  sent 
home  to  him  packed  in  fragments  of  the  flannel  shirt  of  his  friend  who  collected 
them,  a  successfvil  method  of  combating  the  excessive  superabundance  of 
moisture  in  the  atmosphere  of  the  locality. 

Thursday,  February  8th,  1912. — Mr.  A,  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S.,  President,  in  the 
Chair. 

Mr.  R.  Adkin  exhibited  an  aberration  of  Pyrameis  atalanta  with  a  flesh- 
coloured  band  on  the  forewing.  Mr.  Newman,  a  series  of  Ephyra  annulata,  var. 
obsoleta,  in  which  the  discoidal  rings  on  the  forewings  of  the  type  are  absent. 
Messrs.  Mitford,  Edwards,  Coxhead,  and  West  (Ashtead)  exhibited  slides  under 
the  microscope. 

February  22nd. — The  President  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Andrews  exhibited  a  number  of  species  of  the  Trypetidse  family  of  the 
Dipfera,  all  from  near  Milford  Haven.  Mr.  Turner,  a  dwarf  example  of  Colias  edxisa 
from  Villeneuve,  measiu'ing  32  mm.  in  expanse.  Mr.  Sheldon,  the  Brenthids  he 
took  last  year  in  Lapland,  B.frigga,  B.freija,  B.  polaris,  &c.,  and  gave  full  notes  on 
their  characteristics  and  habits.  Lantern  slides  were  exhibited  by  Messrs.  West 
(Ashtead),  Dennis,  Tonge,  and  Main. — Hy.  J.  Turner,  Hon.  Secretary. 

Entomological  Society  of  London  :  Wednesday,  January  17th,  1912. — 
Annual  Meeting.     The  Rev.  F.  D.  Mobice,  M.A.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  R.  Wylie  Lloyd,  one  of  the  Auditors,  read  the  Treasurer's  Balance 
Sheet,  showing  a  balance  in  favour  of  the  Society  of  ^32  10s.  lid.  On  the 
proposal  of  Mr.  O.  E.  Janson,  seconded  by  Mr.  W.  J.  Lucas,  it  was  adopted 
unanimously. 

The  Report  of  the  Council  was  then  read  by  the  Rev.  Greorge  Wheeler,  one 
of  the  Secretaries,  and  on  the  proposal  of  Mr.  Claud  Morley,  seconded  by 
Mr.  Stanley  Edwards,  was  adopted  unanimously. 

No  other  nominations  having  been  received  by  the  Secretaries,  the  President 
declared  the  following  to  be  duly  elected: — President,  the  Rev.  F.  D.  Morice, 
M.A. ;  Treasurer,  Albei-t  Hugh  Jones ;  Secretaries,  Commander  J.  J.  Walker, 
M.A.,  E.N.,  F.L.S.,  and  the  Rev.  George  Wheeler,  M.A.,  F.Z.S. ;  Librarian, 
George   Charles   Champion,   A.L.S.,   F.Z.S. ;    other  members  of  the  Council : 


1912.]  93 

Eobert  Adkin,  Georg-e  T.  Bothime-Baker,  F.L.S.,  F.Z.S.,  Malcolm  Burr,  D.Sc, 
P.L.S.,  F.Z.S.,  Horace  St.  J.  K.  Donisthorpe,  F.Z.S.,  John  Hartley  Durrant, 
Stanley' Edwards,  F.L.S.,  F.Z.S.,  A.  E.  Gibbs,  F.L.S.,  F.E.H.S.,  W.  E.  Sharp, 
Alfred  Sich,  J.  E.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.  A.,  Henry  Jerome  Turner,  Colbran  J.  Waimvright. 

The  Eev.  F.  D.  Morice,  the  President,  then  delivered  an  Address  on  "  The 
Saws  (so-called)  of  the  Saw-flies,"  at  the  close  of  which  Dr.  F.  A.  Dixey  pro- 
posed, and  Prof.  W.  Bateson  seconded  a  vote,  authorizing  the  publication  of 
the  Address,  and  thanking  the  President  for  the  same,  and  for  the  series  of 
seven  plates  which  he  had  presented  to  illustrate  it,  and  also  for  his  services 
during  the  past  session.  This  was  carried  unanimously,  and  the  President 
replied  with  a  few  words  of  thanks. 

A  vote  of  thanks  to  the  Officers  for  their  services  during  the  past  year 
was  then  proposed  by  Mr.  C.  O.  Waterhouse,  in  reply  to  which  Mr.  A.  H.  Jones 
and  the  Eev.  G.  Wheeler,  the  only  two  Officers  then  present,  returned  thanks. 

Wednesday,  February  1th,  1912. — The  President  in  the  Chair. 

The  Pi-esident  announced  that  he  had  nominated  as  Vice-Presidents  for  the 
present  session  Mr.  A.  H.  Jones,  Dr.  Malcolm  Burr,  and  Mr.  J.  H.  Diirrant. 

Mr.  W.  E.  Sharp  exhibited  specimens  of  Carpophilus  d-pxtstulatus,  F.,  and 
C.  obsoleUis,  Er.,  taken  under  bark  of  beech  trees  near  Doncaster  in  October,  1911 ; 
the  former  having  been  recorded  from  the  same  locality  only  on  a  few  occasions 
diu'ing  recent  years,  and  the  latter  never  having  been  known  to  occiu-  under 
natural  conditions  in  England  previously.  Mr.  Champion  called  attention  to  a 
paper  by  Mr.  H.  C.  Bryant,  recently  published  in  an  ornithological  periodical, 
the  "Condoi-,"  for  November,  1911,  entitled  "  The  relation  of  birds  to  an  insect 
outbreak  in  northern  California  dtiring  the  spring  and  summer  of  1911."  The 
data  collected  showed  of  what  value  birds  may  be  in  the  checking  of  an  insect 
outbreak  rather  than  their  value  in  the  prevention  of  such  an  outbreak. 
Prof.  Poulton  exhibited  a  large  but  not  quite  complete  series  of  the  members  of 
the  important  combination  of  the  Geometrid  moths  of  the  genus  Aletis,  and 
their  mimics  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Entebbe,  collected,  between  May  23, 
1909,  and  September  14,  1910,  by  Mr.  C.  A.  Wiggins,  D.P.M.O.  of  the  Uganda 
Protectorate.  Also  part  of  an  all-anthedon  family  recently  bred  by  Mr.  Lamborn 
at  Oni  Camp,  seventy  miles  east  of  Lagos,  from  an  anthedon  female  parent,  and 
part  of  an  all-duhius  family  also  bred  from  an  anthedon  female.  The  facts 
indicate  that  in  the  fii-st  family  a  recessive  female  had  paired  with  a  recessive 
male,  in  the  second  that  a  recessive  female  had  paired  with  a  dominant  male. 
There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  pattern  of  anthedon  conforms  more  closely  to 
that  of  the  genus  than  the  pattern  of  dubius,  and  that  the  dominant  form  is 
therefore  the  more  recent  development.  Prof.  Poulton  read  a  note  from  Oni 
Camp,  Lagos,  showing  that  butterflies  may  be  a  natviral-  food  of  monkeys.  He 
also  di-ew  attention  to  the  following  observation  i-ecently  made  by  Mr.  Lamborn 
at  Oni:— "On  December  27  I  saw  a  male  Ghdophrissa  saba  courting  a  female. 
She  was  resting  on  a  leaf  with  wings  expanded.  Her  abdomen  was  raised  to  an 
angle  of  rather  more  than  45°  to  the  thorax,  and  two  little  tufts  very  similar  to 
those    possessed    by    male    Danainse    protruded   from    the    anal    extremity." 


94  [April, 

Dr.  Malcolm  Cameron  exhibited  a  new  species  of  Vesperus  from  Lagos,  Portugal, 
a  description  of  which  appears  in  the  March  number  of  the  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  as 
V.  reitteri,  and  for  comparison  a  specimen  of  V.  bolivari,  Rttr.  Mr.  E.  A.  Cockayne, 
the  following  specimens  of  the  genvis  Oporabia :  0.  christyi  from  Ireland  and 
Scotland,  hybrid  0.  chrishji  cJ  x  0.  dilutata  ? ,  and  0.  dilutata  ^  x  0.  christyi 
?  ;  O.  dilutata  from  Scotland  and  Epping  Forest,  hybrid  0.  dilutata  ^  ^  0. 
autumnaria  ? ,  and  larva ;  0.  autmnnaria,  hybrid  0.  aiutumnaria  ^  x  0. 
filigrammaria  ^  ,  ii,nd  O.filigrammaria  $  x  0.  autumnaria  ?  ;  O.Jiligrammaria 
from  Yorkshire  and  Scotland. 

The  following  papers  were  read  : — "  On  some  hitherto  imperfectly  known 
South  African  Lepidoptera,"  by  Roland  Trimen,  M.A.,  F.E.S.  "On  the 
Comparative  Anatomy  of  the  Genital  tube  in  (?  Coleoptera,"  by  D.  Sharp,  M.A., 
F.E.S. ,  and  F.  Muir,  F.E.S.  "  Descriptions  of  New  Species  of  Lepidoptera- 
Heterocera  from  South-east  Brazil,"  by  F.  Dukinfield  Jones,  F.Z.S.,  F.E.S.  "  The 
Effect  of  Oil  of  Citronella  on  two  species  of  Dacus,"  by  F.  M.  Hewlett,  B.A., 
F.E.S.  "On  the  Genera  Liothrips  and  Hoodia,"  by  Dr.  H.  Karny,  of  Elbogen, 
Austria;  translated  byE.  A.  Elliott, F.E.S., and  communicated  byR.  S.  Bagnall, 
F.L.S.  "  On  the  Early  Stages  of  AlbuUna  pheretes,  a  myrmecophilous  Plebeiid 
butterfly,"  by  T.  A.  Chapman,  F.Z.S.  "  The  food-plant  of  Callophrys  avis,"  by 
T.  A.  Chapman,  F.Z.S.  "  An  experiment  on  the  development  of  the  male 
appendages  in  Lepidoptera,"  by  T.  A.  Chapman,  F.Z.S.  "  The  Study  of  Mimicry 
(Batesian  and  Miillerian)  by  Temperature  Experiments  on  two  Tropical 
Butterflies,"  by  Lieut.-Col.  N.  Manders,  R.A.M.C,  F.Z.S.,  F.E.S.  A  long  and 
important  discussion  arose  on  many  points  in  connection  with  the  last  paper,  in 
which  several  Fellows  took  part. — G.  Wheeler,  Hon.  Secretary. 


NOTES   ON  BRITISH  PHORA   (Corrections  and  Additions), 

BY    JOHN    H.    WOOD,    M.B. 

(Continued  from  Vol.  xlvi,  p.  249). 

(Plate  V). 

GrROUP    I    OF    BbCKEE. 

Since  Becker  wrote,  his  Group  I  has  been  conveniently  divided 
into  two  genera,  based  mainly  on  the  condition  of  the  second  thick  vein, 
the  tenn  Phora  being  restricted  to  the  species  in  which  the  vein  is 
forked,  and  that  of  Hypocera,  Lioy,  given  to  those  in  which  it  is 
unforked. 

Phora  gracilis.  This  was  described  from  the  female  only.  Since 
then  I  have  on  several  occasions  found  the  male  on  the  trunks  of 
beech  trees,  paired  with  the  female.  It  is  markedly  smaller  than  its 
partner  and  barely  exceeds  1  nun.  in  measurement,  but  needs  no 
separate  description.  The  hypopygium  is  very  similar  to  that  of 
rmisjnnosa,  and  consists  of  a  very  long  and  narrow  flap  on  each  side 
and  a  small  papilla-like  anal  organ. 


iflia.]  95 

P.  bergenstammi,  Mil\,  and  domedica,  Wood.  lu  tlie  January  num- 
ber of  "The  Annals  of  Scottish  Natural  History"  for  1910,  Mr.  Malloch 
has  shown  that  these  two  insects  are  the  sexes  of  one  and  the  same 
species,  on  the  strength  of  a  mated  pair  talcen  by  Mr.  Jenkinson  at 
Cambridge.  Of  this  pair  the  female  has  four  dorso-central  bristles  and 
the  male  only  two,  which  was  the  character  that  led  me  to  treat 
them  as  distinct  species.  All  the  so-called  domestica  I  have  taken 
have  been  males,  and  have  had  but  one  pair  of  these  bristles,  whilst 
my  only  bergenstammi  is  a  female  and  has  two  pairs.  This  female 
was  swept  at  Stoke  Wood  ;  the  males,  some  20  in  number,  have  in- 
variably been  boxed  off  the  window  of  the  house  ;  and,  strange  to  say, 
frequent  sweeping  outside  in  the  garden  has  been  an  utter  failure, 
neither  male  nor  female  having  come  to  hand  by  this  means. 

Perhaps  one  ovight  not  to  be  greatly  surprised  at  this  difference  in 
the  chaetotaxy  of  the  sexes.  A  very  similar  condition  of  things  occurs 
in  more  than  one  of  the  species  with  four  Ijristles  to  the  scutellum  in 
the  genus  Apliiocheeta,  Brues  (the  G-roup  II  of  Becker).  For  whilst  in 
the  female  all  four  bristles  are  strong  and  well  developed,  in  the  male 
the  anterior  pair  are  weak,  and  may  even  be  little  better  than  mere 
hairs ;  the  stronger  annature  being  here  as  in  the  other  case  in  favour 
of  the  female. 

Hypncera  irregidaris,  sp.  n.  Closely  allied  to  femorata,  Mg.,  but 
differing  in  several  important  particulars.  Described  from  a  single 
specimen  :  — 

S  ■  A  deep  black  insect  with  nearly  colourless  wings :  Thorax  somewhat 
shining;  frons  black  with  a  moderate  gloss,  nearly  i  broader  than  long,  the 
bristles  strong  (the  middle  row  straight,  the  lower  slightly  curved  forwards)  ; 
palpi  black  and  of  ordinary  form  and  armature  ;  wings  (fig.  1)  faintly  tinged 

with  yellowish  brown,  costa  to 
middle  of  wing,  fringe  short,  2nd 
thick  vein  forked,  f virnished  as  far 
as  the  fork  with  niunerous  small 
and  delicate  bristles  or  hairs  as  in 
femorata  and  beyond  that  gradu- 
Fig.  1.    Hypocera  irregularis,  <J  X  18.  ally  dilated,  inner  branch  of  fork 

extremely  slender,  threadlike  and  finer  even  than  one  of  the  thin  veins,  1  equal 
to  2  +  3,  1st  thin  vein  deeply  curved  at  its  original  point  from  the  fork ;  legs 
stout  and  black,  tarsi  and  forelegs  more  yellowish,  fore  tarsi  stout,  tibial  spines 
strong,  one  on  the  front  tibiae,  two  close  together  in  upper  third  of  middle  pair, 
and  two  on  the  outer  or  anterior  side  of  the  hind  pair,  namely,  one  at  about  the 
basal  third  and  the  other  close  to  the  apex ;  abdomen  quite  dull,  2nd  segment 
nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  3rd,  the  6th  barely  longer  tlian  the  5th,  hypopy- 
gium  much  as  in  femorata,  and  the  anal  organ  not  prolonged  externally  as  in 
that  species.     2  J  mm. 


96  [April,  1912. 

The  single  example  was  swept  from  under  a  group  of  spruce  firs 
in  Stoke  Wood,  on  the  3rd  of  October,  1910.  The  chief  points 
differentiating  it  from  femorata  are  the  absence  of  the  apical  spine  on 
the  middle  tibife  and  also  of  a  tiny  apical  one  on  the  front  tibiae,  present 
in  femorata  ;  the  dull  abdomen  (in  femorata  it  is  distinctly  shining, 
especially  behind)  ;  the  broader  frons ;  shorter  1st  costal  division  and 
the  forking  of  the  2nd  thick  vein.  This  inner  branch,  however,  is  so 
fine  and  threadlike  that  it  may  only  be  an  individual  variation,  but 
whether  it  be  so  or  not,  it  is  at  any  rate  hard  on  the  way  to  extinction, 
and  its  presence  in  this  emasculated  condition  need  not,  I  think,  pre- 
clude our  placing  the  insect  in  Hypocera  rather  than  PJiora.  Moreover, 
not  only  does  its  general  appearance  remind  one  of  femorata,  biit  what 
is  also  of  even  greater  importance,  the  type  of  hypopygium  is  the 
same  in  both  species.  I  have  recently  been  looking  more  critically 
into  the  external  characters  of  the  male  genitalia  in  PJiora  and  Hypocera 
and  have  found  so  much  that  is  interesting,  that  I  have  added  at  the 
end  of  these  notes  a  few  remarks  on  the  subject,  illustrated  by  some 
excellent  figures,  for  which  I  amjindebted  to  my  good  friend  Mr.  Collin, 
who  has  done  so  mixch  in  many  ways  to  help  me. 

H.  femorata.  Among  my  five  representatives  of  this  species  (all 
males)  is  one  specimen  that  differs  from  the  others  in  being  distinctly 
larger,  and  in  having  a  2nd  large  preapical  bristle  on  the  hind  tibise, 
placed  at  the  end  of  the  seam,  besides  several  smaller  bristles,  in 
addition  to  the  usual  spurs,  on  the  inner  or  posterior  aspect  of  the 
joint.  Mr.  Collin  tells  me  that  he  took  a  female  of  this  variety,  if 
variety  it  be,  at  Barton  Mills  (Suffolk),  and  that  there  are  two  males 
of  it  in  Kowarz's  collection. 

GrRoup  II  OF  Becker. 
This  is  now  known  as  AphiochMa,  Brues.  It  still  remains  a  huge 
and  unwieldy  mass,  which,  after  putting  on  one  side  Verrall's  formi- 
carum,  does  not  seem  to  lend  itself  to  any  natural  subdivision.  The 
four  species,  picta,  meigeni,  giraudi,  and  fasciata,  with  two  rows  of 
bristles  on  the  tibiae  and  other  characters  in  common,  such  as  the 
narrow  or  very  narrow  frons,  and  the  position  of  the  bristles  in  the 
lower  frontal  row,  &c.,  might  well  be  placed  in  a  separate  genus,  but 
this  does  little  to  relieve  the  situation. 

Section  B  (scutellum  with  four  bristles). 
By  some  oversight  the  general  notes  on  the  eight  species  from 
rtifa  to  rata  were  never  printed  and  the  omission  was  not  discovered  at 
the  time. 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  1912.— Plate  V. 


FIGURES  OF  THE  HTPOPYGIUM  IN  THE   GENUS  PHORA. 


Just  Published.      With  16  Plates  (7  Coloured)  and  19  other  Illustrations. 
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BUTTERFLY-HUNTING  IN  MANY  LANDS. 

NOTES    OF    A    FIELD    NATURALIST. 
By   GEORGE    B.    LONGSTAFF,   M.A.,  M.D.  (Oxon.), 

Late  Vice-President  Entomological  Society,  London. 

To  which  are  added  Translations  of  Papers  by  Feitz  Mullee  on  the 
Scent-Orsans  of  Butterflies  and  Moths. 


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Coleoptera  in  a  bag  of  Cherwell  flood-refuse. — J.  Collins  90 

Silvanus  bidentatus,  Fab.,  in  New  Zealand  :  synonymical  note. — J.  J.  Walker, 

M.A.,  R.N.,  F.L.S    90 

Hylotrupes  bajulus,  L.,  and  other  beetles  at  Wellington  College. — B.  O.  White  90 

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Ichneumon  lugens,  Grav.,  hybernating — Rev.  F.  W.  Johnson,  M.A.,  F.E.S.  ...  91 

Prosopis  genalis  in  Surrey. — C.  S.  Mortimer,  F.E.S 91 

Societies. — South  London  Entomological  Society    91 

Entomological  Society  of  London  92 

Notes  on  British    Phora  (corrections  and  additions)   (with  Plate). — John  S. 

Wood,  M.B 94 

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May,  1912.]  97 

Rufa.  This  is  a  scarce,  species.  It  was  described  from  three 
females  taken  in  my  home  district,  in  May  and  June  of  different 
years.  Mr.  Malloch  has  also  sent  it  me  from  Scotland,  but  he  too  had 
only  taken  the  female,  and  the  male  still  remains  to  be  discovered. 

Projecfa,  Beck.  A  widely  distributed  and  fairly  common  species. 
On  one  occasion  recently  Mr.  Collin  sent  me  a  male  Aphiochxta,  which 
seemed  in  no  way  to  differ  from  a  pale  projeda,  except  that  it  had  the 
palpi  of  a  female  instead  of  the  peculiar  ones  which  give  the  insect  its 
name.  I  was  inclined  to  look  upon  it  as  an  aberrant  male,  with  the 
palpi  of  the  female.  The  subsequent  capture  by  myself  of  three  or 
four  others  exactly  similar  made  such  an  explanation  most  improbable, 
and  led  to  the  search  for  some  other  character  that  would  confirm  it 
as  a  good  species.  This  was  found  in  the  position  of  the  supra- 
antennal  bristles,  apparently  a  small  and  almost  trivial  character  in 
itself,  yet  one,  I  feel  sure,  of  great  importance,  on  account  of  it  being 
uninfluenced  by  sex  and  subject,  in  my  experience,  to  little  or  no 
variation.  In  the  new  species,  for  which  I  propose  the  name  simulans, 
the  upper  pair  of  bristles  are  in  exact  alignment  with  the  inner  bristles 
of  the  middle  frontal  row,  and  have  the  inner  pair,  of  good  size, 
directly  underneath  them,  whilst  in  projecfa  these  same  bristles  are 
closely  approximated,  that  is,  well  inside  that  alignment,  and  the 
under  ones  are  relatively  smaller.  Armed  with  this  knowledge,  I 
revised  my  series  of  projeda,  picking  out  the  females  with  widely 
separated  bristles.  This  done,  I  found  that  all  the  selected  females 
(three  in  number)  agreed  in  having  a  yellow  thorax  and  a  brown  or 
reddish-brown  abdomen  (simnlans) ,  whereas  in  those  left  behind  (true 
projeda)  the  thorax  was  dark  with  only  a  tinge  of  red,  and  the 
abdomen  black.  It  seems,  therefore,  very  questionable  whether  the 
female  projeda^  ever  has  a  yellow  variety  as  ascribed  to  it  in  the  text. 


Fig.  2.     A.  projects,  <S  x  40.  'Pig.  3.     A.  simulans,  S  X  40. 

Simnlans,  n.  sp.,  ^  ?  .  Closely  allied  to  projeda,  but  differing  in 
the  following  points : — 

Thorax  red  {$),  yellow  (  ?  )  ;  abdomen  brown,  more  yellowish  behind  {$), 
brown  or  reddish  brown  (  ?  )  ;  antennae  brown  ( <?  ),  red  (  ?  ) ;  the  clear  yellow 


98  [May, 

palpi  alike  in  both  sexes,  rather  large  and  armed  with  nmuerous  bitt  not  very 
long  bristles  ;  upper  supra-antennal  bristles  in  alignment  with  inner  bristles  of 
middle  frontral  row,  under  ones  of  about  half  the  size  directly  below  them ; 
anal  organ  and  hypopygium  very  similar  in  both  species,  but  the  latter  in 
simulans  produced  behind  into  a  sort  of  prow  (fig.  3)  as  is  well  shown  in 
Mr.  Collin's  drawings. 

DuMtalis.  A  very  scarce  species  which  was  described  from  a 
single  specimen,  a  male,  taken  in  Stoke  Wood  on  the  2nd  of  June, 
1904.  On  the  8th  of  June,  1910,  I  again  took  another  male,  this  time 
at  Longtown,  under  the  Black  Mountains.  1  have  also  seen  a  female 
which  was  captured  by  Mr.  Collin  at  Stokenchurch  (Bucks)  on  the 
6th  of  July,  1909,  which  agreed  in  all  points  with  the  males,  except 
that  the  halteres  were  dusky  yellow  instead  of  yellow.  On  looking, 
however,  carefully  at  the  males,  a  dusky  tint  can  be  seen  round  these 
organs. 

Cuhitalis,  Beck.  As  has  already  been  shown,  the  earlier  name, 
humeralis,  Zett.,  must  take  the  place  of  cuhitalis,  Beck.,  for  Zetterstedt, 
as  shown  in  his  Dipt.  Scand.,  XIV,  p.  6474,  was  acquainted  with  both 
sexes  and  had  correctly  recognised  their  relationship.  I  described  it 
from  Scotch  specimens,  given  me  by  Mr.  Malloch,  who  met  with  it  at 
Bonhill  in  some  numbers,  settled,  if  I  remember  right,  on  the  leaves  of 
aspen. 

Bnficornis.  A  widely  distributed,  but  probably  not  common 
species,  the  females  of  errata,  sp.  n.  =  cilijyes.  Wood,  as  will  be  shown 
later  on,  often  passing  for  it  in  our  collections. 

Emarginata.  Another  scarce  species,  represented  in  my  collection 
by  three  males  and  one  female.  The  localities  and  dates  for  the  males 
are:  Stoke  Wood,  18/8/06;  Mainswood,  20/5/10,  25/5/10;  for  the 
female,  Stoke  Wood,  13/9/07.  The  measurement  of  Ij  mm.  in  the 
text  is  full  large,  1  mm.  would  be  nearer  the  mark,  and  it  shares  with 
paludosa  the  distinction  of  being  considerably  the  smallest  species  in 
Section  B. 

Albicans  and  rata.  They  are  closely  allied  but  undoubtedly 
distinct,  and  readily  to  be  distinguished  by  the  characters  given. 
Albicans  is  a  spring  species  and  never,  I  think,  to  be  taken  later  than 
May.  It  is  moderately  common  here,  but  I  have  not  seen  it  from  else- 
where. Bata,  on  the  other  hand,  begins  to  make  its  appearance  as  the 
other  is  going  over,  and  thence  onward  to  the  end  of  the  autumn,  is 
one  of  the  commonest  and  most  widely  distributed  of  the  species  with 
four  scutellar  bristles. 


1912.] 

99 

Breviseta,  n.  sp. 

S.     Thorax  and  abdomen  black;  frons  broad,  nearly  f  as  wide  again  as 
long,  dnll  and   black  ;  supra-antennal  bristles   small    and   approximated    the 
under  pan-  half  the  size  of  the  upper,-  antennae  large,  as  in  alHcans ;  arista 
short  and  only  a  little  longer  than  the  length  of  the  frons  measured  up  the 
middle;  palpi  yellow  and  with  the  ordinary  ciliation;  wings  clear,  costa  not 
quite  reaching  wing  middle,  fringe  only  moderately  long,  1  equal  to  2  +  3 
angle  at  fork  rather  large  ;  legs  brownish  black,  hind  femora  with  moderately 
long  hairs  beneath,  hind  tibiae  stout,  well  arched  and  with  strong  bristles  •  hypo- 
pygium  small  and  unarmed  ;  anal  organ  small  and  yellowish.     Length  If  mm. 
By   the  table   it   runs  down   to   the  neighbourhood  of  albicans 
and  rata,  having  bare  pleura,  yellow  halteres,  and  bristly  hind  tibis. 
From  both  it  may  be  known  by  the  complete  absence 'of  any   pale 
dustmg    on    thorax  or  abdomen;    by  the  large   and   equal  scutellar 
bnstles  (m  the  other  two  the  anterior  bristle  in  the  male  is  never  more 
than  half  the  size  of  the  posterior  one,  and  often  considerably  less)  • 
by  the  angle  made  by  the  forking  of  the  2nd  thick  vein  being  fairly 
large  instead  of  acute  ;  by  the  dark,  almost  black,  legs  ;  and  kstly  by 
the  short,  arista  (in  rata  the  arista  is  full  long,  but  in  albicans,  with  its 
large  antennae,  it  is  only  moderately  long,  yet  distinctly  longer  than  in 
breviseta. 

From  emarginata,  which  also  has  a  short  arista,  the  form  of  the 
anal  organ  is  alone  sufficient  to  distinguish  it.  In  breviseta  the  organ 
IS  of  the  usual  cyHndrical  form,  but  in  emarginata  it  is  remarkably 
flattened,  lateraUy,  so  that  it  is  very  narrow  from  side  to  side  and 
very  deep  from  above  downwards.  So  unique  is  the  shape  that  it 
might  weU  be  supposed  due  to  some  extraneous  cause,  were  it  not  that 
there  are  three  specimens  before  me,  all  with  the  part  precisely  similar. 
Further,  the  legs  are  much  darker  (black)  in  breviseta,  and  the  tibial 
ciha  stronger;  the  arista  also  is  longer,  being  somewhat  longer  than 
the  frons,  whereas  in  emarginata  it  is  only  as  long  as  the  frons,  besides 
some  other  small  differences. 

A  single  male  taken  at  Mainswood,  29/6/11. 

Paludosa.  At  the  time  of  describing  this  species  I  had  to  confess 
that  I  did  not  know  the  female.  This  was  the  more  remarkable,  as  I 
could  at  any  time  sweep  up  the  male  in  suitable  places,  and  I  must 
have  examined  scores  only  to  find  them  invariably  males.  EventuaUy 
my  perseverance  was  rewarded,  and  on  the  3rd  of  September,  1910, 
I  did  at  lengt,h  sweep  up  a  female  at  Devereux  Pool.  It  agrees  so' 
weU  with  the  male  that  no  special  remarks  are  needed. 

{To  he  continued.) 


I  2 


101)  '  FMay, 

CLAVIGER   LONGICORNIS,   Mull.,   A   BEITISH   INSECT. 

BY    JAMES    J.    WALKER,    M.A.,    R.N.,    F.L.S. 

It  is  with  much  pleasure  that  I  am  able  to  annoimce  the  addition 
to  our  list  of  indio-enous  Gohoptera  of  this  highly  interesting  species, 
which  has  been  the  object  of  assiduous  search  by  those  Entomologists 
especially  interested  in  our  Myrniecophilovis  beetles,  ever  since  the  late 
Mr.  E.  W.  Janson  (Eut.  Ann.,  1857,  p.  94)  suggested  the  probability 
of  its  occurrence  in  this  country. 

On  May  31st,  1906,  I  accompanied  the  Entomological  section  of 
the  Ashmolean  Natural  History  Society  on  a  field-meeting  at  Bletch- 
ingdon  Station,  Oxon,  some  seven  or  eight  miles  north  of  Oxford,  and 
we  spent  the  afternoon  in  rambling  about  and  collecting  in  the  old 
quarries  on  both  sides  of  the  river  Cherwell.  Among  the  insects  met 
with  were  five  examples  of  a  Claviger,  in  nests  of  a  small  black  ant, 
which  is  noted  in  the  Society's  report  for  1906  (p.  45)  as  Lasius  niger, 
L.,  but  which  I  have  every  reason  to  believe  was  really  Formica fusca,  L. 
These  nests  were  all  under  fiat  pieces  of  oolitic  limestone  of  moderate 
size,  none  of  them  exceeding,  as  far  as  my  memory  serves  me,  a  foot 
square  and  seven  or  eight  pounds  in  weight. 

The  subsequent  history  of  these  specimens  is  somewhat  curious. 
They  were  duly  mounted  and  put  away  in  a  store-box  "  until  wanted," 
and  I  most  imaccountably  overlooked  their  obvious  distinctions  from 
C.  testaceus,  PreyssL,  which  is  widely,  though  sparingly,  distributed  in 
the  Oxford  district.  A  few  weeks  ago,  when  I  was  "  assembling"  my 
Pselaphid  material  for  re-arrangement,  these  specimens  came  to  light, 
when  I  at  once  saw  how  different  they  were  from  oui*  well-known  form 
of  the  genus ;  and  with  the  aid  of  Mr.  CI.  C.  Champion  and  Mr.  E.  A. 
Waterhouse  at  the  Natural  History  Museum,  had  no  difficulty  in 
identifying  them  as  the  long-sought  C.  loiigicornis,  Miill. 

The  original  diagnosis  of  the  species  by  P.  W.  J.  Miiller  (Germar, 
Magazin  der  Entomologie,  Band  3,  p.  85,  Tab.  II,  &.  16,  16a)  (1818) 
is  as  follows  : — 

"  Claviger  longicornis  mihi :  cinnamomeus,  antennis  clavatis : 
articulis  intermediis  elongatis,  sub-cylindricis,  abdomine  ovato-subro- 
tundo,  basi  brevissime  bisulcato,  segmentis  dorsalibus  obsoletis  (Fig. 
16)  long.  1-1 J  lin.  In  den  Nestern  der  Formica  fiava  FL,  um 
Odenbach  selten." 

Superficially  G.  longicornis  differs  from  G.  testacens  in  its  decidedly 
larger  size  and  broader  build,  especially  behind,  and  markedly  in  the 


1912.  101 

miicli  uarrower  head  and  more  elongate  antenna?,  these  organs  being 
relatively  long  and  slender,  with  the  terminal  joint  forming  an  abrupt 
club. 

Mr.  Donisthorpe  kindly  informs  me  that  the  usual  host  of  C. 
longicornis  on  the  Continent  is  Lasius  iimbrahis,  Nyl.,  and  that  teste 
Schmitz  (Zeitschr.  fur  wissenschaft-Iusektenbiologie,  1908,  Heft  III, 
pp.  84-87)  it  is  found  most  freely  in  April  in  nests  of  this  ant  imder 
large  and  deeply  embedded  stones.  I  may  add  that  a  recent  visit  to 
the  place  of  capture  of  the  insect,  under  not  very  favourable  conditions, 
failed  to  produce  further  specimens. 

It  is  a  singular  coincidence  that  both  our  species  of  Claviger  have 
been  first  found  quite  close  to  Oxford,  as  the  original  British  specimen 
of  C.  testaceus,  now  in  the  Oxford  University  Museum,  was  taken  by 
the  late  Professor  J.  0.  Westwood  in  Wychwood  Forest,  Oxon,  on 
August  30th,  1838  (c/.  Shipp.  Ent  Mo.  Mag.,  Vol.  XXIX,  p.  144). 

Aorangi,  Lonsdale  Road, 

Siunmertown,  Oxford: 
April  13th,  1912. 


THE    NAMES    USED    FOR    OUR    BRITISH    CEBAMBYCID^    IN    THE 

"  COLEOPTERORUM   CATALOGUS." 

BY    PROF.   T.    HUDSON   BEARE,   B.Sc,   F.R.S.E.,  P.E.S. 

The  39th  part  of  this  catalogue,  just  issued,  is  a  bulky  volume 
extending  to  574  pages ;  it  deals  with  the  family  Gerambycidse,  sub- 
family Cerambycirice,  and  is  the  work  of  Dr.  Chas.  Aurivillius.  As 
many  important  changes  are  made  in  synonymy,  and  as  almost  all  of 
these  changes  had  already  been  adopted  in  the  last  European  Cata- 
logue of  Heyden,  Eeitter  and  Weise  (1906),  it  seems  desirable  to 
call  the  attention  of  British  Coleopterists  to  these  alterations. 

M.  Aurivillius  divides  the  sub-family  into  94  tribes,  of  which  10 
are  represented  in  our  fauna  ;  the  following  is  a  summary  of  the 
changes  made  in  generic  or  specific  names  : 

(1).  Criocephalus  polonicus,  Mots.,  is  called  C.  ferus,  Muls. :  this  is  in 
disagreement  from  the  Eiu-opean  Catalogue. 

(2).     The  two  reputed  British  species  of  Ceramhyx  become  now  : 

C.  cerdo,  L.  =  heros,  Scop. 

C.  scopolii,  Fiissl.  =  cerdo,  Scop. 
(3).     Two  of  our  three  species  of  Rhagium  change  names: 

R.  niordax,  de  G.  =  our  inquisitor. 

R.  inquisitor,  L.  ^=  oiu'  indagator. 


302  [May, 

(4).  Oiu'  well  known  Toxotns  meridianus  becomes  Stenocorus  (F.)  meridi- 
anus,  L. 

(5).     The   genus   Pachyta   disappears   from   our   Catalogue;    one    species, 
collaris,  becomes  Acmmops  (Lee.)  coUaris,  L.,  the  other  two  become : 
Judolia  (Mills.)  cerambyciformis,  Schrank. 
„  „         sexmaculata,  L. 

(6).  In  the  genus  Grammoptera  the  following  changes  are  made: 
praeusta,  F.,  becomes  ustulata,  SchalL,  and  analis  becomes  variegata.  Germ. ; 
while  the  species  tabacicolor,  de  G.,  is  placed  in  the  genus  Alosterna,  Muls. 

(7).  The  geniis  Anoplodei-a  is  merged  in  Leptura,  L.,  as  a  sub-genus, 
and  the  species  livida,  F.,  of  the  geniis  Leptura  is  placed  in  a  sub-geniis 
Vadonia,  Muls. 

(8).  In  the  genus  Strangalia,  revestita,  L.,  is  placed  in  a  sub-genus 
Sphenalia,  Daniel ;  the  species  armata,  Preyssl.,  becomes  maculata,  Poda ;  and 
lastly,  attennata,  L.,  is  placed  in  a  sub-genus  Strangalina,  Auriv. 

(9).  The  genus  Callidium  retains  now  only  one  of  our  species,  violaceum, 
L. ;  the  other  three  species,  alni,  L.,  lividum,  Rossi,  and  testaceum,  'L.=^variahile 
of  our  catalogues,  are  placed  in  the  genus  Phymatodes,  L. 

(10).  The  three  species  now  known  to  us  as  Clytus,  are  placed  under  three 
distinct  genera,  namely : 

Clytus  (Laich.)  arietis,  L. 
Plagionotus  (Muls.)  arcuaius,  L. 
Anaglyptus  (Muls.)  mysticus,  L. 

Most  of  these  new  genera  were  referred  to  by  Canon  Fowler  in 
Vol.  IV.  of  his  "  British  Coleoptera,"  but  at  that  time  they  were  usually 
treated  as  sub-genera  only.  They  are  now  considered  by  most  authori- 
ties to  be  distinct  genera,  and  it  seems  desirable  that  we  should  in 
this  country  come  into  line  with  our  continental  brethren. 

Edinburgh  .- 

April  6th,  1912. 


DESCRIPTION   OF   A   NEW   SPECIES   OF   SCOP^US  FROM 
THE   RED   SEA. 

BY    MALCOLM    CAMERON,    M.B.,    R.N.,    F.E.S. 

Soop^us  SHAKPi,  n.  sp. 

Size  and  build  of  8.  debilis,  Hochh.,  but  distinct  by  the  much  coarser  punc- 
tui'ation  of  the  head  and  thorax,  and  by  the  J  characters.  Entirely  reddish- 
testaceous,  rather  shining,  elytra  sometimes  a  little  infuscate.  Head  shaped  as 
in  8.  debilis,  rather  narrow,  longer  than  broad,  not  widened  behind,  as  broad  as 
the  elytra;  posterior  angles  broadly  rounded;  coloixr  reddish,  punctiiration 
tine   and   close,   much   as   in   8.   cognatus,   Rey ;     pubescence   fine   and   close. 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  May,  1912.— Plate  VI. 


NOTAETHEINUS    BOULTI. 


1912.1  103 

Antennifi  testaceous ;  1st  joint  about  as  long  as  2nd  and  3rd  together,  these 
latter  longer  than  broad  and  of  equal  length  ;  4th  slightly  shorter  than  3rd, 
a  little  longer  than  broad  ;  5tli  to  10th  quadrate ;  11th  a  little  longer  than 
10th,  abruptly  acuminate  Thorax  testaceous,  mxich  narrower  than  head  and 
elytra,  gradually  narrowed  behind ;  anterior  angles  effaced ;  posterior  angles 
roimded ;  disc  with  two  impressions  at  the  base,  separated  by  a  smooth 
median  space,  which  extends  to  anterior  margin ;  punctiu'ation  coarser  and 
much  less  close  than  that  of  the  head ;  asperate,  surface  between  the  punctures 
smooth   and   shining ;    piibescence   slight.      Elytra   slightly    longer   than   the 

thorax,   testaceous,   sometimes   a  little 
inf uscate ;    punctiiration    much    as    in 
S.    gracilis,  Sperk,  evanescent  towards 
^  J  apex  and  posterior  angles ;    finely  but 

not  densely  pubescent.    Abdomen  testa- 
DoBSAL  Plate-    ceous,  very  finely  and  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent,  distinctly  widened  be- 
hind.    Legs  testaceous.     Length  2^-3 
Rough  sketch  of  tcrniinal  ventral  segment  of     n^^      j;^  ^j^g  <?  the  posterior  margin  of 

the  6th  ventral  segment  presents  a  large, 
deep,  semi-circular  incision  on  either  side.  This  emargination  commences  on 
each  side  near  the  outer  angle,  and  is  of  such  size  that  it  is  only  separated  from 
its  fellow  by  a  narrow  median  lamina,  which  is  produced  beyond  the  level  of 
the  external  angles,  and  dilated  into  a  spear-shaped  termination. 

Taken  near  Massowah. 

Types  in   my   collection.      I   liave   pleasure   in   dedicating   this 
species  to  Dr.  David  Sharp. 

March  30</i,  1912. 


NOTARTHBINUS   BOULTI :    A   NEW   LYCiENOPSID   BUTTERFLY 
FROM   BORNEO. 

BY     T.     A.     CHAPMAN,     M.D. 

PLATE    VI. 

This  butterfly  is  sent  by  Mr.  J.  C.  Moulton  from  Sarawak.  The 
specimens  were  taken  on  Mount  Klingkang,  and  are  to  be  placed  in 
the  British  Museum  collection  at  South  Kensington. 

JSTOTARTHRINUS    BOULTI,    n.  sp. 

(?  .  Upperside  black,  with  white  cilia  and  a  patch  of  iridescent  blue  occupy- 
ing about  a  fourth  of  fore  wing ;  the  lower  basal  portion  invades  lower  margin 
of  cell,  but  hardly  occupies  lower  half  of  it ;  it  extends  a  little  beyond  cell,  and 
below  vein  4  a  little  fiu-ther  still ;  its  outer  margin  below  this  parallel  with 
hind  margin  at  rather  more  than  two-thirds  of  wing  from  base ;  the  blue  on 
hind  wing  is  more  suffused,  rather  as  a  light  wash  over  the  black  than  as  a 


104  [May, 

patch  of  colour  as  on  tlie  fore  Aving ;  it  reaches  within  two-thirds  of  length 
of  wing  from  base,  gi-adually  fading  out.  The  underside  markings  show 
thi'ough  hind  wings,  not  apparently  due  to  wasting  of  specimen.  Underside 
white,  with  the  usual  Lycsenopsid  markings ;  a  fine  black  marginal  line,  inside 
white  cilia  (with  dark  points  at  end  of  veins) ;  another  line  not  so  dark,  and 
curved  a  little  between  veins,  more  so  on  hind  wings,  runs  parallel  with  outer 
line  about  1  mm.  from  it  on  fore  wing ;  rather  more  on  hind  wing.  Between 
these  two  lines  a  spot  in  each  space,  elongated  on  fore  wing,  more  rounded  and 
darker,  almost  black,  on  hind  wings.  A  discal  line  on  each  wing.  The  spots 
in  the  usual  post  discal  line  are  6  on  fore  wing,  elongated,  1st  (from  costa),  5th, 
and  6th  in  line ;  2,  3,  and  4  a  little  further  out,  and  in  echelon.  The  hind 
wing  has  4  basal  spots :  1,  3,  4  in  line,  2  further  out.  Of  the  post  discal  line, 
2  is  imder  1 ;  3,  4,  and  5  nearer  margin,  and  4  oblique ;  6  further  in  ;  7  in  line 
with  3,  4,  5,  dark  and  elongated ;  8  (or  8  and  9)  smaller  nearer  base,  in  line 
with  6. 

?  .  Larger  than  ^ ,  hind  margin  a  little  more  rounded  ;  blue  patch  on  fore 
wing  has  its  hind  margin  sloping  basally,  so  as  to  meet  hind  margin  at  middle 
instead  of  two-thirds  as  in  <?  .  Underside  has  post  discal  row  of  spots  beneath 
fore  wing  nearly  in  line,  and  the  antemarginal  line  is  more  regularly  arched  in 
each  space.  One  J  specimen  is  in  this  respect  mvich  more  like  the  ?  than  the 
other.  The  head  and  body  are  dark  above  and  white  below,  like  wings  ; 
antennse  black  (?)  narrowly  ringed-white  at  joints. 

Exp.  c?  26  mm.  (and  21  mm.)  ;    ?  27  mm. 

2  cJ  Mount  Klingkang,  2,500  ft.,  Oct.,  1911.  1  ?  Pmiulmear, 
Limbang,  5.6.1911,  Sarawak — Moulton.      Specimens  now  in  B.M. 

I  have  named  them  after  Mr.  F.  F.  Boult,  resident  of  the  district 
where  the  insect  is  found. 

The  male  appendages  approach  nearest  to  those|  of  (Lyaenopsis) 
Notarthrinus  vardhana,  and  diifer  from  those  of  Lyceenopsis  in  possess- 
ing highly-developed  hook  (or  spines)  on  the  dorsal  armature.  I  place 
these  specimens,  therefore,  provisionally  in  the  genus  Notarthrinus,  but 
believe  they  will  probably,  when  more  is  knovni  of  them,  be  found  to  be 
entitled  to  a  separate  genus.  They  deviate  from  Lyceenopsis  also  in 
the  very  triangular  and  pointed  fore  wings,  a  feature,  however,  in 
which  they  are  approached  by  Bornean  species_of  Lycxnopsis,  differing 
therein  from  more  typical  Indian  forms. 

They  are  accompanied  by  both  sexes  of  Lycsenopsis  plauta  and 
L.  shelfordi  from  the  same  localities  and  the  close  resemblance  of  the 
underside  markings  of  the  three  species  is  notable,  unrelated  (com- 
paratively) as  they  are,  and  the  sexual  dimorphism  is  also  closely 
parallel. 

The  figures  will  make  these  descriptions  more  intelligible.  The 
photographs  of  the  imagines,  after  the  manner  of  photographs,  un- 


1912.1 


105 


mercifully  expose  all  the  defects  of  the  specimens.  The  two  sides  of 
what  must  probably  be  called  the  uncus  are  separated  by  an  unusually 
long  narrow  bridge. 

EXPLANATION   OF   PLATE    VI. 

Fig.  1.      Notarthrinus  boulti  $  type,  upper  and  undersides  x    li 

2.  „  „  (?  smaller  specimen-         -     x    +  li 

3.  »  »         ? li 

4.  „  „         Appendages  of  Fig.  1  specimen  x  45 

5.  „  „  „  „        2         „  45 
Figs.  1,  2,  3,  photo  by  A.  E.  Tonge  :  4  and  5,  by  F.  N.  Clark. 


A   NEW    SPECIES    OF    ARIXENIA    (DEBMAPTERA). 

BY    MALCOLM    BURR,    D.SC,    F.L.S.,    &c. 

Dr.  Jordan,  in  the  Novitates  Zoologicas,  Vol.  XVI,  December, 
1909,  gave  an  account  of  an  anomalous  earwig  apparently  parasitic  on 
a  flying-fox,  for  which  he  erected  a  new  genus  Arixenia,  with  a  special 
family,  the  Arixeniidse,  with  a  single  species,  A.  esau. 

I  have  recently  received  a  considerable  number  of  a  similar 
creature  from  Mr.  Edward  Jacobson,  of  the  Hague,  who  found  them 
in  a  cavern  in  Java. 

This  species  differs  in  important  particulars  from  A.  esau,  Jordan, 
and  it  is  necessary  to  describe  it  as  new. 

Akixenia  Jacobsoni,  sp.  n. 

Colour  yellow  brown :  agrees  in 
extei-nal  structiu-e  generally  with 
A.  esau,  but  differs  in  the  strongly 
transverse  pronotum,  the  anterior 
and  posterior  margins  of  which  are 
parallel :  the  mesonotum  is  truncate 
posteriorly,  and  not  convex  as  in 
A.  esau,  and  the  metanotum  more 
concave.  Forceps  slender,  tapering, 
and  remote,  strongly  bowed  in  the 
J  ,  nearly  straight  in  the   '^  . 

<?  ? 

Length  of  body  -  18.5  mm.  23.5  mm. 
„       of  forceps     3.5  mm.     4     mm. 

Java  :  Banjoumas  Residency, 
Gouwa  Lawa  cave  near  the  sea- 
shore at  Babakan.  (Numerous 
specimens :   Edw.  Jacobson.) 

The  Nomotype  is  in  my  col- 
lection. 


106  [May, 

A  more  detailed  account  of  this  curious  creatvu-e  is  being  prepared 
by  Dr.  Jordan  and  myself,  which  will  eventually  be  published,  with  a 
more  detailed  description  and  account  of  its  anatomy  and  morphology, 
and  a  discussion  of  its  relations  to  the  true  earwigs. 

I  may  add  that  Dr.  Jordan  informs  me  that  the  mandibles  are 
provided  with  a  tooth  beyond  the  centre  of  the  inner  edge,  differing 
from  A.  esau,  and  the  upper  lip  is  much  longer. 

It  is  especially  noteworthy  that  in  the  abdomen  of  the  female  we 
find  ten  tergites  fully  developed,  as  in  the  male ;  this  is  a  striking 
difference  from  the  true  earwigs,  in  the  females  of  which,  as  is  well 
known,  the  seventh  and  eighth  segments  are  vestigial. 

Castle  Hill  Hoiise,  Dover  : 
March  25th,  1912. 


THREE  NEW  SPECIES  OF  THE  "  ALBIMANA  "   GROUP  OF  THE 

GENUS  HETEBONEURA  (dipteba) 

BY    J.    B.    COLLIN,    F.E.S. 

When  Czerny  revised  the  family  Heteroiieuridse  in  1903,*  the 
only  species  possessing  a  strong  pair  of  dorso-central  bristles  in  front 
of  the  thoracic  suture  recognised  by  him  was  albimana,  Meig. ;  there 
are,  however,  other  xmdoubtedly  distinct  species  belonging  to  this 
group,  and  having  been  fortunate  enough  to  capture  two  of  these 
species  during  the  last  few  years  in  sufficient  numbers  to  prove  that 
the  male  genital  characters  upon  which  all  the  species  are  mainly 
founded  are  reliable  specific  distinctions,  I  venture  now  to  piiblish 
the  descriptions. 

Heteroneura  caledonica,  n.  sp.    J  V  • 

Resembling   H.  alhiviana,  Mg.,  but  with  only  two  pairs  of  orbital  bristles  ; 
vibrissBB  much  shorter ;  male  hypopygium  miich  larger,  the  lamellae  long  and 

recurved  at  the  tip  (Fig.  1). 

The  face,  palpi,  and  antennae  are  in  no  way 
darkened  except  the  last  named  about  the 
base  of  the  arista,  the  arista  somewhat  shorter 
than  in  albimana,  hind  orbital  bristle  twice 
as  long  as  the  front  one  and  about  midway 
between  it  and  the  inner  vertical  bristle,  de- 
cussate bristles  midway  between  the  upper 
and  lower  orbital  bristles.  The  four  posterior 
Fig.  1.    //.  rahihnica,  s  X  40.         jggg  almost  entirely  pale,  more  extensively  so 

*  Wien.  But.  Zeit,  xxii,  pp.  01-100,  pis.  I-III. 


1912.]  107 

than  in  albimana.  Thorax  of  the  female  as  extensively  darkened  as  in  the 
male  or  more  so.  The  cloud  at  end  of  wing  more  extended  than  in  albimana, 
reaching  back  half-way  from  tip  of  wing  to  end  of  subcostal  vein. 

I  have  seen  specimens  from  Scotland  only,  and  have  examined 
nine  males  (two  in  the  late  Mr.  Verrall's  Collection,  four  in  the  British 
Museum,  two  in  the  Hope  Museum,  Oxford,  and  one  in  the  Zoological 
Museum,  Cambridge),  and  twenty-two  females  (four  in  the  late 
Mr.  Verrall's  Collection,  nine  in  the  British  Museum,  two  at  Oxford, 
and  seven  at  Cambridge) .  They  were  captured  by  Col.  Yerbiuy  and 
Mr.  C.  G.  Lamb  at  Nethy  Bridge  (Inverness)  in  June,  July,  and 
August,  and  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Golspie  (Sutherland),  in  August. 

Heteroneura  gentilis,  n.  sp.     S  ?  • 

Eesembling  calcdonica  in  possessing  only  two  pairs  of  orbital  bristles,  and 
in  colour  of  palpi  and  antennae,  in  shortness  of  vibrissse,  and  in  thorax  of  female 
being  as  extensively  darkened  as  in  the  male,  but  resembling  albimana  in  the 
generally  somewhat  darkened  face  and  more 
extensively  darkened  four  postei-ior  legs, 
differing  from  both  in  the  male  hypopygium 
(Fig.  2),  which,  though  somewhat  resem- 
bling that  of  caledonica  in  size  has  lamella! 
of  different  sliape,  they  are  shorter,  broader, 
and  more  flattened  at  the  end,  and  not 
recurved  at  the  tip.  It  requires  consider- 
able care  to  separate  the  females  of  this 

^  .  Fig.  2.     H.  itrntillt,  o   X  40. 

species  and  caledonica,  but  the  wing  cloud 

appears  to  be  more  restricted  and  the  decussate  bristles  on  f  rons  placed  nearer 
the  hind  orbital  bristles  than  in  caledonica. 

I  first  recognised  this  species  from  specimens  taken  by  the  late 
Mr.  Verrall  in  June,  1885,  at  Lyndluu-st  (Hampshire),  but  it  was  not 
until  May,  1909,  that  I  found  it  in  numbers  at  Barton  Mills  (Suffolk), 
and  in  June,  1910,  I  could  have  taken  any  number  in  a  wood  near 
Chillesford  (Suffolk).  In  addition  to  the  above  I  have  examined  speci- 
mens from  Devonshire,  Hampshire,  Herefordshire,  and  Glamorgan, 
taken  by  Col.  Yerbury,  and  from  Hertfordshire  taken  by  the  late 
Mr.  A.  Piffard. 

Heteroneura  verticalis.  n.  sp.     c?  ?  • 

Remarkable  for  the  absence  of  the  postvertical  bristles  and  the  shape  of 
the  male  genital  lamellse,  otherwise  much  resembling  the  last  two  species,  but 
the  thorax  of  the  female  is  not  so  extensively  darkened,  resembling  in  this 
respect  the  thorax  of  albimana  ?  .  The  normal  number  of  orbital  bristles  is  two 
pairs,  but  I  have  seen  specimens  possessing   a  third  pair.      The  male   genital 


1^'^  [May, 

lamella3  fFii?.  3)  are  long  and  much 
flattened,  broad  at  the  base  then  rapidly 
narrowing  and  again  gradiially  broad- 
ening out  to  the  rounded  tip,  where  on 
the  lower  inner  side  they  bear  a  clus- 
ter of  black  spines  ;  the  hind  or  lower 
margin  is  ciliate  with  long  hairs. 

I    first    doubtfully    separated 
Fig.  3.    H.  ,-i;iicaiu,  6  xio.  tliis  species  from  its  allies  upon  a 

female  taken  by  the  late  Mr.  Verrall  at  Dolgelly  (Merioneth)  in  July, 
1888,  but  further  specimens  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nairn  in  1904, 
Mumbles  and  Bridgend  (Grlaniorgan),in  1908,  and  Studland  (Dorset), 
in  1909,  removed  my  doubts.  I  have  taken  it  myself  at  Stoke  Wood 
(Herefordshire),  and  in  some  numbers  in  a  wood  near  Chillesford 
(Suffolk),  in  1910.  There  is  a  specimen  in  the  British  Museum  taken 
by  the  late  Mr.  Piffard  near  Boxmoor  (Herts)  in  1893. 

With  regard  to  albimana,  Meig.  (which  has  a  much  smaller  male 
hypopygiiun  than  any  of  the  above,  with  very  short  rounded  lamellae), 
my  own  experience  is  that  Loew's  var.  obscurior  is  rather  more  com- 
mon than  his  var.  paUidior  or  type  form  ;  these  can  hardly  be  seasonal 
forms  for  they  occur  together,  and  though  there  appears  to  be  no  ex- 
ternal structural  character  in  the  genitalia  by  which  they  may  be 
separated,  there  still  remains  the  possibility  that  dissection  may  prove 
the  so-called  varietal  characters  to  be  of  specific  value. 

Sixssex  Lodge,  Newmarket : 

March  21st,  1912. 


HEMIPTEBA     IN     CAEMARTHENSHIRE. 
BY   B.    A.    BUTLER,    B.A.,   B.Sc,    F.E.S. 

Very  little  seems  to  be  known  about  the  Hemipterous  fauna  of 
Wales.  There  are  a  few  scattered  notices  from  some  of  the  northern 
counties,  such  as  Merioneth  and  Carnarvonshire,  and  also  from  Breck- 
nockshire in  the  centre ;  but  all  these  are  most  fragmentary.  The 
south  has  fared  rather  better,  through  the  efforts  of  the  Eev.  T.  A. 
Marshall,  in  Pembrokeshire,  and  Mr.  T.  E.  Billups  and  others,  in 
Grlamorganshire.  During  the  last  six  years  I  have  had  several  oppor- 
tunities of  collecting  in  Cannarthenshire,  which  lies  between  these 
two  counties,  and  which,  I  believe,  had  previously  been  practically 
unworked  by  Hemipterists.  The  following  list  contains  all  the 
Cannarthenshire  species  I  have  in  my  collection,  and  if  it  is  taken  in 


1912]  109 

conjunction  with  the  records  from  Pembrokeshire  and  Grlamorgan- 
shire,  we  get  for  the  south  coast  of  Wales  a  total  of  200  Heteroptera 
and  80  Homopfem,  which  is  probably  a  fair  proportion  of  the  species 
that  actually  occiu'  there. 

The  whole  of  the  coast  of  Carmarthenshire  consists  of  sandhills, 
which  extend  from  Llanelly  in  the  east  to  Ferryside,  where  they  are 
interrupted  by  the  estuary  of  the  Towy ;  they  are  continued  on  the 
other  side  of  the  estuary,  and  run  on  uninterruptedly  to  Pendine,  near 
the  western  boundary  of  the  county,  where  cliffs  form  the  coast  line 
and  so  terminate  them.  This  western  division  gives  an  unbroken 
stretch  of  sandhills  for  al)out  six  miles.  Unfortunately,  however,  it 
is  somewhat  difficult  of  access,  the  nearest  railway  station  being  some 
eight  or  nine  miles  from  Pendine.  My  collecting  was  done  chiefly  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  the  town  of  Carmarthen,  and  on  the  Burrows  of 
Kidwelly,  Ferryside,  and  Pendine.  There  is  an  interesting  piece  of 
bogland  near  Sarnan,  on  the  Carmarthen  side  of  the  village,  which 
yielded  a  few  good  species  ;  but  it  is  ground  that  needs  wary  working, 
as  it  is  infested  with  adders,  of  which  I  saw,  on  one  occasion,  five 
sunning  themselves  together  on  one  small  hillock.  Almost  all  the 
water-bugs  were  taken  at  Pondside,  Carmarthen.  This  is  really  a 
tributary  of  the  Towy,  but  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  town  its  course 
has  been  banked  up,  so  that  it  now  runs  many  feet  above  the  level  of 
the  river.  This  was  for  the  purpose  of  supplying  water  power  to  some 
tin-plate  works  which  are  now  derelict.  This  part  of  the  stream  runs 
east  and  west,  and  therefore  in  its  raised  position  it  is  exposed  to  the 
direct  rays  of  the  sun  all  day  long.  Possibly  for  this,  or  for  some 
other  reason,  it  is  prolific  in  certain  species  of  aquatic  Hemiptera.  My 
collecting  was  done  almost  entirely  in  the  month  of  August  and  the 
first  week  in  September. 

The  species  marked  (*)  ai-e  recorded  also  from  Glamorganshire, 

and  those  marked  (t)  from  Pembrokeshire.     Besides  these,  52  other 

species  of  Heteroptera  have  been  recorded  from  Grlamorganshire,  and 

14  Heteroptera  and  3  Homoptera  from  Pembrokeshire,  which  are  not 

in  my  list. 

HETEROPTERA. 

Pentatomid^. 

Thyreocoris  scarabmoides,  L.* :  fairly  common  in  1906  amongst  Ononis, 
which  thickly  covers  a  large  part  of  the  Pendine  Burrows.  Dolycoris  bac- 
carum,  L. :  Ferryside ;  larva  in  August  amongst  Ononis.  This  larva  may  be 
easily  distinguished  by  its  pilose  sitrface.  Fiezodorus  lituratus,  F. :  common 
on  furze  bushes  in  March  and  August.  Zicrona  ccerulea,  L.*:  one  specimen 
amongst  long  grass  in  the  boggy  grotmd  near  Sarnan. 


110  t^^^y- 

COREID^. 

Pse^idophloeus  falleni,  Schill.*t :  coiiimon  on  the  sandhills  at  Kidwelly 
and  Pendine,  chiefly  iinder  Erodium.  The  eg-gs  of  this  species  evidently  hatch 
at  intervals  during  the  summer,  for  in  August  I  have  fovmd  recently  disclosed 
imagines,  together  with  larva;  in  all  stages  of  development.  They  are  difficult 
to  see  amongst  the  sand,  on  which  they  often  lie  inactive,  and  the  younger 
examples  are  very  prettily  and  daintily  coloured,  often  with  various  shades  of 
pink  upon  an  ochreoiis  ground.  Stenocephalus  agilis,  Scop.*t :  I  found  a  large 
number  of  larvae  under  a  tall  species  of  Euphorbia  (apparently  E.  paraiias)  that 
grows  abundantly  where  the  sandhills  shade  off  into  shingle  at  St.  Ishmael's, 
near  Perryside.  They  ran  about  amongst  the  boulders,  and  were  not  on  the 
plant ;  it  is  evidently  the  habit  of  the  youngest  to  keep  very  close  to  the  plant, 
but  as  they  grow  older  they  wander  further  afield.  There  was  one  adult  with 
them,  but  whether  this  was  her  brood,  and  whether  she  was  in  any  sense 
"  looking  after  them,"  I  could  not  determine.  Therapha  hyoscyami,  L.f : 
abundant  at  Pendine,  under  Erodium,  and  on  the  flowers  of  Senecio  at  the 
beginning  of  September,  1907.  I  also  found  a  few  specimens  on  Ononis  at 
Llanstephan  and  Ferryside,  together  with  a  nymph  at  the  latter  place.  This 
may  easily  be  recognised  by  its  brownish  coloiu"  and  its  hairy  surface.  The 
only  i-epresentative  of  the  brilliant  red  which  makes  the  adult  such  a  hand- 
some insect,  is  a  number  of  small  scattered  pinkish  spots  which  are  hardly 
noticeable  except  under  a  lens.  Corizus  parumpunctatus,  Schill. :  I  have  not 
found  the  typical  form  in  the  county,  biit  on  the  sandhills  at  both  Kidwelly 
and  Pendine,  a  ciu'ious  variety  is  abixndant.  It  is  less  brightly  colotired  than 
the  type  and  has  a  greyish  tinge ;  the  connexivum  is  generally  more  or  less 
spotted,  and  there  are  certain  small  structural  diffeiences.  It  is  found  chiefly 
under  Erodium  and  readily  takes  wing.  Chorosoma  schillingi,  Schml.f :  on 
Psamma  arenaria,  at  Ferryside. 

Berytid.*;. 

Neides  tipularius,  L.f :  this  insect,  usually  of  merely  casual  occurrence,  I 
found  commonly  at  Pendine  amongst  Ononis.  The  larvae,  which  are  green, 
were  present  as  well  as  the  imagines  in  August.  The  imago  is  very  particular 
about  the  condition  of  the  thickened  terminal  joint  of  the  antennae,  frequently 
cleansing  it  by  passing  it  between  the  front  tarsi.  This  may  perhaps  be 
necessitated  by  the  viscidity  of  the  Ononis  amongst  which  it  lives.  Berytus 
signoreti,  Fieb.:  Carmarthen.  Metacanthus  elegmiSfCwrt.*^  -.  abtandant  amongst 
Ononis  at  Kidwelly,  Ferryside,  and  Pendine. 

Nysius  thymi,  Wolff  :  Sandhills  at  Ferryside ;  also  Careg  Cenen  Castle. 
Cymus  claviculus,  Fall.*  :  Conwill.  Heterogaster  urticse,  F.* :  on  the  sandhills, 
Kidwelly.  I  foimd  one  in  a  tuft  of  Iris  in  March,  1910.  Bhyparochromus 
praetextatus,  H.S. :  Sandhills.  R.  chiragra,F. :  in  moss  on  the  sandhills,  Ferryside, 
in  March.  Stygnocoris  rusticus.  Fall. :  Llanstephan.  8.  pedestris,  Fall. :  generally 
distributed.  S.  fuligineus  :  Sandhills,  Ferryside,  March  and  August.  Trapezo- 
notus  arenarius,  L. .-  on  heathy  ground  near  Sanian.  Drymus  sylvaticus,  F. : 
generally  distributed.  D.  brunneus.  Sahib. :  Ferryside,  in  March.  Notochilus 
contractus,  U.S.:  Ferryside.  Scolopostethiisaffinis,  Schill:  Kidwelly.  S.thomsoni, 
Reut. :  generally  distributed.     S.  decoratus,  Hahn. :  under  Calluna,  Conwill. 


1912.!  Ill 

TlNGITID^. 

Piesma  capitata,  Wolfff .-  Cai-marthen.  Serenthia  lieta.  Fall.* :  Pendine. 
Acalypta  parvula,  Fall. :  in  moss  on  Pendine  sandhills.  Dictyonota  tricornis, 
Schr. :  Carmai-then.  D.strichnocera,Fieh.:  on  furze,  Carmarthen.  Derephysia 
foliacea.  Fall. :  Carmarthen  ;  one  specimen  is  miich  smaller  than  nsm\l,  and  has 
the  hairs  of  the  antennte  and  thoracic  keels  miich  shorter,  and  the  second 
row  of  meshes  of  the  raised  sides  of  the  elytra  is  almost  iinrepresented  on  one 
side,  and  reduced  in  size  on  the  other.  Monanthia  cardui,  L  :  Carmarthen  ;  not 
common. 

CtERBIDID^. 

Hydrometra  stagnorum,  L. :  Carmarthen,  March  and  Auj^nst.  Telia  currens, 
F. :  common  on  rimning  water.  During  the  two  summers  in  which  I  was  at 
Carmarthen,  I  found  a  large  nixmber  of  the  winged  forms  in  August  at  Pond- 
side.  The  peciiliar  conditions  of  this  piece  of  water  may  perhaps  have  some 
influence  in  bringing  about  this  abnormally  large  percentage  of  developed 
specimens.    Gerris  najas,  De  G.  -.  exceedingly  abiindant  at  Pondside,  Carmarthen. 

G.  lacustris,  L. :  common. 

Eeduviid^. 

Coranus  subapterus,De  G.f:  Ferryside  and  Pendine.    Nahis  lativentris,  Boh., 

N.  major,  C\xrt.,  N.  flavomarginatus,  Scholtz,*  N.  limhatus,  Dahlb. :  all  common. 

N.  lineatus,  Dahlb. :  on  a  boggy  heath,  near  Sarnan.     N.  ferus,  L. :  abundant 

under  Ononis  at  Pendine  sandhills.     N.  rugosus,  L. :  common.      N.  ericetorum, 

Scholtz  :  on  heathy  ground  at  Sarnan. 

(To  he  continued). 


COERECTION     OF     IMPOSSIBLE     NAMES. 
BY    EDWARD    MEYEICK,    B.A.,    F.E.S. 

I  am  glad  to  see  that  Lord  Walsingliam  approves  of  my  correc- 
tions in  general,  but  should  like  to  add  a  few  words  on  the  two  points 
to  which  he  takes  exception. 

(1)  If  my  friend  and  esteemed  correspondent,  Mr.  A.  Busck, 
testifying  on  his  own  behalf,  can  affirm  that  he  intended  to  call  one 
of  his  species  "  frog "  and  another  "  banana "  (never  having  used 
substantival  names  of  this  sort  in  any  other  instance),  and  a  third 
"  white,"  when  it  was  really  dark  fuscous,  I  should  of  course  accept 
his  statements,  but  coming  from  any  other  source  I  can  only  regard 
these  explanations  as  highly  improbable  conjectures,  and  of  no  value  as 
evidence.  When,  therefore,  on  such  scanty  grounds  Lord  Walsingham 
pronounces  Mr.  Busck  "  certainly  not  guilty,"  the  verdict  would  seem 
to  be  due  to  an  amiable  prejudice  on  his  part ;  but  Mr.  Kearfott 
would  have  had  just  cause  of  complaint  against  me,  if  I  had  not 
measiu-ed  his  work  and  Mr.  Busck's  by  the  same  rule.  I  am  con- 
strained to  point  out  that  Mr.  Busck's  names  fit  into  Mr.  Kearfott's 
series,  and  even  seem  to  be  the  original  source  of  contagion. 


112  [May, 

(2)  I  am  certainly  not  proposing  "  to  entirely  alter  the  accepted 
meaning  of  n.  sp.''  but  only  to  make  the  accepted  meaning  clear.  An 
author  proposes  a  new  name  in  every  case  noi  (as  Lord  Walsingham 
assumes,  thereby  begging  the  question)  because  the  species  is  previously 
imdescribed,  but  because  it  is  unnamed.  If  I  announced  in  this  maga- 
zine that  I  had  captured  a  fine  new  species  of  Adela,  blue  with  a  red 
spot  on  each  forewing,  which  would  be  named  by  my  friend  Lord 
Walsingham  in  the  next  issue,  would  he  then  write  anything  but  n.  sp. 
after  it  ?  Yet  I  should  have  already  sufficiently  differentiated  the 
species  from  all  known.  I  maintain  then  that  my  view  is  logical  and 
correct,  and  it  is  only  because  as  a  matter  of  fact  new  specific  names 
are  in  practice  usually  applied  only  to  species  supposed  to  be  un- 
described,  that  the  misconception  has  arisen. 

(3)  Lastly,  I  should  like  to  protest  against  another  popular  mis- 
conception which  Lord  Walsingham  appears  to  favoiir,  viz.,  the  view 
that  any  intrinsic  credit  or  honour  attaches  to  the  namer  of  a  new 
species.  If  a  name  is  grammatical,  short,  sensible,  appropriate,  and 
euphonious,  and  if  a  description  is  clear, -concise,  and  accurate,  these 
qualities  deserve  credit  to  the  extent  of  their  realization  ;  but  if  a 
reasonable  standard  is  not  reached,  discredit  is  the  result.  Let  any- 
one who  doubts  this,  look  up  the  obituary  notice  of  Francis  "Walker 
in  this  Magazine  (Vol.  XI,  p.  140)  ;  it  is  a  fearful  warning.  The 
author's  name  attached  in  books  and  catalogues  to  a  species  is  not  for 
his  honour,  but  for  use  as  the  briefest  bibliographical  record.  As  such 
it  must  express  a  fact,  and  Lord  Walsingham's  suggestion  that  my 
substituted  names  might  be  attributed  to  "  Kearfott  corr.  Meyrick," 
apart  from  its  cimibrousness,  is  based  on  inaccuracy  ;  the  names  were 
given  by  me,  and  not  given  by  Kearfott  and  corrected  by  me.  Kearfott's 
names  would  of  course  always  be  on  record  as  synonyms. 

Thornhanger,  Marlborough : 
April  6th,  1912. 


Notes  on  the  British  species  of  the  Coleopterous  genus  Philonthus. — On  carefully 
examining  the  species  of  this  genus  I  was  struck  by  the  great  variation  in  the 
sculpture  of  the  thorax,  the  cross-striation  and  punctuation,  apart  from  the 
larger  punctiires  by  Avhich  they  are  divided  into  groups.  It  seemed,  therefore, 
worth  while  examining  them  with  a  view  to  tabulating  the  characters  of  each 
species.  Although  these  differences  are  constant  they  are  not  put  forward  as  a 
direct  means  of  identification,  yet  in  many  cases  they  are  of  great  use  to  the 
student  in  verifying  the  species.  In  most  cases  the  striation  takes  the  form  of 
waved  lines,  vaiying  in  fineness,  distance  apart,  and  in  sinuation.  In  others 
these  lines  are  broken,  taking  the  form  of  short  dashes,  or  the  thorax  is  finely 


1912.] 


113 


punctured  or  entirely  smooth.  The  microscope  with  a  power  of  about  f  in. 
is  required  for  the  pvirpose,  and  it  is  sometimes  necessary  to  clean  the  thorax 
with  a  little  benzine.  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  E.  A.  Newbery  and  Mr.  J.  H.  Keys 
for  their  kind  assistance.     The  particulars  are  as  follows  : — 


P.  splendens,  F.,  finely  punctured,  striate 

at  sides. 
P.  interynedius,  Boisd.,  finely  punctured, 

striate  at  sides. 
P.  laminatus,  Creutz,  finely  punctured, 

striate  at  sides. 
P.  seneus,  Rossi,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  proximus,  Kr.,  striate,  often  obsoletely 

so  on  disc. 
P.  addendus.   Sharp,   striate,   the   lines 

normal. 
P.  carbonarius,  Gyll.,  striate,  the  lines 

normal. 
P.  airaius,  Grav.,  smooth  and  impunctate, 

faintly  striate  on  margins. 
P.  scutatus,  Er.,  finely  punctured. 
P.  decorus,  Grrav.,  striate,  the  markings 

rather  coarse,  almost  shagreened. 
P.  politus,  F.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  lucens,  Mann.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  x^arius,  Gyll.  (including  var.  bimacu- 

latus),  entirely  smooth  and  impunc- 
tate. 
P.  viarginatus,  F.,  striate,  the  lines  rather 

fine. 
P.  lepidus,  Grrav.,  quite  smooth. 
P.  albipes,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  umbratilis,  Grav.,  striate,   the  lines 

normal. 
P.  cephalotes,  Grav.,   striate,  the    lines 

normal 
P.  nigriventris,  Thoms.,  striate,  the  lines 

normal. 
P.  fimetarius,   Grav.,    striate,   the  lines 

being  broken  in  the  form  of  short 

dashes. 
P.  sordidus,  Grav.,  smooth  on  disc,  striate 

at  sides. 
P.fuscus,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.    concinnus,    Grav.,   smooth    on   disc, 

striate  at  sides. 


P.    corruscus,    Grav.,    smooth    on    disc, 

striate  at  sides. 
P.  ebeninus,  Grav.  (I  have  not  had  the 

opportunity     of      examining     this 

species) . 

P.  corvimis,  Er.,  striate,  the  lines  very 

fine  and  close. 
P.fiimigatus,^r.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  debilis,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  faint, 

wide  apart,  and  sinuate. 
P.  sanguinolentus,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines 

somewhat  broken  on  disc. 
P.  cruentatiis,  Gmel.,  striate,  the  lines 

normal, 
P.  longicornis,  Steph.,  striate,  the  lines 

fine  and  straight. 
P.  varians,  Payk.  (including  the  var.  with 

black  elytra),  striate,  the  lines  rather 

fine. 
P.  agilis,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  vernalis,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  fine 

and  close. 
P.  ventralis,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  wide 

apart  and  siniiate. 
P.   discoideus,   Grav.,    striate,  the  lines 

wide  apart  and  sinuate. 
P.  quisquiliarius,  Gyll.  (and  var.  dimidi- 

atus),  striate,  the  lines  finer  than  in 

any  other  species  and  slightly  broken 

on  disc. 
P.  splendidulus,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines 

faint  and  very  sinuate. 
P.  thermarum,  Aube,  striate,  the  lines 

faint  and  very  sinuate. 
P.  nigrita,  Nord.,  striate,  the  lines  normal. 
P.  fumarius,   Grav.,   striate,   the   lines 

normal. 
P.  niicans,  Grav.,  striate,  the  lines  rather 

fine. 
P.  astutus,  Er.,  striate,  the  lines  rather 

faint  and  sinuate. 

G 


114  [May, 

P.  nigritulus,  (Irav.  (including  most  of  p.^.^^^ius.  Grav.,  striate,  the  linesrather 

the     species     recently     added     by  straio-ht 

Dr.  Sharp),  striate,  the  lines  rather 

wide  apart  and  sinuate.  P-    ^^*^"«'    Nordm.,    striate,    the   lines 

P.  fulvipes,  F.,  striate,  the  lines  normal.  ^'^"oken  in  the  form  of  short  dashes. 

Walter  Bevins,  Algarkirk,  near  Boston,  Lines. :  February  10th,  1912. 

Carpophilus  sexpustiilatus,  F.,  as  a  British  sp)ecies. — The  history  of  this 
beetle  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Doncaster  and  its  status  as  a  British  species 
have  lately  been  rendered  more  interesting  than  ever  by  the  discovery  by 
W.  E.  Sharp  of  a  specimen  of  C.  ohsoletns  among  a  short  series  of  Carpophili, 
taken  by  him  in  Edlington  "Wood. 

Up  to  the  present  year  the  captiu'es  of  C.  6-pnst^datiis  near  here  were,  so 
far  as  I  know,  as  follows : 

1  Taken  at  Edlington  Wood  by  E.  G.  Bayford,  in  1894.| 

1  Taken  under  bark  of  a  felled  elm  in  Sandal  Beat  by  H.  H.  Corbett,  in 
April,  1904. 

8  Beaten  out  of  dead  crows  on  a  "  Keeper's  Tree  "  by  H.  H.  and  H.  V.  Corbett 
and  E.  G.  Bayford,  in  Wheatley  Wood,  on  February  28th,  190". 

1  Taken  iinder  bark  of  a  felled  elm  at  Cusworth  by  H.  H.  Corbett,  April, 
1907. 

A  considerable  nrmiber  taken  under  bark  of  felled  beeches  in  Edlington 
Wood  by  H.  H.  Corbett  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  in  October,  1911. 

These  localities  are  respectively — 

Edlington  Wood,  3^  miles  S.  of  Doncaster,  on  Permian  Limestone. 

Cusworth,  2  miles  W.  of  Doncastei",  on  Permian  Limestone. 

Sandal  Beat  and  Wheatley  Wood,  2  miles  E.  of  Doncaster,  on  Bixnter  Sand. 

The  specimens  found  tmder  bark  were  associated  with  common  bark- 
frequenting  spp.,  e.g.,  Dromius  4!-maculatus,  Homalium  vile,  Bhizophagus  dispar, 
and  Bhinosimus  planirostris.  The  only  species  at  all  suggesting  importation 
with  foreign  grain  or  fruit  being  Lasmophlosus  ferrugineus,  which  was  found 
with  C.  ^-pustulatus  at  Edlington.  The  associated  species  on  the  crows  in 
Wheatley  Wood  were  Homalium  rivulare,  Omosita  colon,  Nitidula  hipustulata, 
and  Dermestes  lardarius.  With  regard  to  the  theories  that  C.  6-pustulatus  is  a 
foreign  species,  imported  either  with  dried  fruits  or  with  pheasant  food,  the 
dried  fruit  idea  may  be  dismissed  at  once.  All  the  places  where  the  insect  has 
been  found  ai-e  far  from  warehouses  or  shops,  and  there  is  nothing  in  the  way 
of  rubbish  heaps  or  "  free  tips  "  near  them.  And  again,  the  insect  has  not  been 
found  as  an  imported  produce  frequenter,  as  is  the  case  with  many  other 
beetles,  e.g.  Silvanus  surinamensis.  With  regard  to  the  pheasant  food  theory, 
Edlington  Wood,  where  C.  6-pustulatus  was  first  taken  in  1894,  by  E.G.B.,  and 
where  it  was  taken  again  this  year  by  W.E.S.  and  H.H.C.,  has  not  been  a 
pheasant  preserve  for  certainly  60  years.  In  the  other  localities.  Sandal  Beat, 
Wheatley  Wood,  and  Cusworth,  there  has  from  time  to  time  been  some 
pheasant  rearing,  but  although  at  these  places,  and  many  others  in  the  neigh- 
boiu'hood,  I  have  often  hunted  for  beetles  at  the  pheasant  feeding  grounds,  I 


1912.]  115 

have  never  met  with  C.  6-pitstulatus,  except  under  bark  or  those  found  on 
dead  crows,  and  never  near  the  actvial  feeding  places.  Furthermore,  the  beetles 
that  I  have  found  among  the  pheasant  food  have  been  the  ordinary  species  one 
expects  among  haystack  rubbish ;  not  a  single  foreigner  has  been  found. 
Lsemophlceus  ferrugincus,  a  species  occurring  with  C  6-pustulatus  in  the  Edling- 
ton  locality,  also  has  been  found  at  Askern,  in  fungus  on  birch,  along  with 
Homalium  putictipenne,  and  several  species  of  Cis  and  Bhizophagus.  Near  the 
place  where  it  was  taken  was  a  pheasant  feeding  ground,  where  among  the 
barley  straw  were  Philonthus  fimetarius,  Typhxa  fumata,  &c.,  but  not  a  sign  of 
C.  6-pustulatus  or  any  other  doubtfully  native  species.  I  have  also  found 
L.  ferrugineus  swarming  in  a  malt  kiln  in  Doncaster,  but  here,  although  it  was 
associated  Avith  insects  of  such  dotxbtfid  claims  to  be  called  indigenous  as 
8.  surinameyisis,  Niptus  crenatus,  Tribolium  ferrugineum,  and  T.  confusum,  no 
species  of  the  genus  Carpophilus  Avas  seen.  In  short,  were  it  not  for  the  dis- 
covery of  C.  nhsoletus  at  EdlingtoUj  I  should  feel  satisfied  that  C.  6-pustulatus 
Avas  either  a  true  native  or  a  well  established  denizen.  This  belief  has  been 
Aveakened  but  not  destroyed.  There  are  niunerous  cases  of  closely  allied  species 
associating  together,  not  only  among  the  Coleoptera,  but  among  quite  different 
groups  of  animals.  It  is  quite  possible  that  the  attractive  "something," 
probably  some  particiilar  qiiality  of  food,  in  the  form  of  either  subcortical  larvas 
or  fungi,  that  brings  C.  6-pustulatus  together  under  the  bark  of  felled  trees,  may 
be  equally  attractive  to  closely  allied  species  ;  and  if  by  remote  chance  an 
example  of  C.  obsolctus  did  get  into  Edlington  Wood  it  is  not  siu-prising  that  it 
foregathered  Avith  its  relatives. 

In  reference  to  the  specimens  of  C.  6-pustulatus  that  were  beaten  ovit  of 
dead  croAvs  in  Wheatley  Wood,  I  think  the  probability  is  that  they  Avere 
hibernating  in  the  birds  and  not  feeding  upon  them.  I  have  often  beaten  out 
of  carrion,  in  Avinter,  species  that  are  not  really  carrion  beetles,  e.g.,  Pterostichus 
versicolor,  &c.* — H.  H.  Corbett,  9,  Priory  Place,  Doncaster:  May  12th,  1912. 

A  note  on  Anaspis  ruficollis,  Brit.  Colls. — Capt.  Deville  pointed  out  to  me 
long  ago  that  the  Anaspis  with  a  red  thorax,  which  stands  under  the  name  of 
A.  ruficollis,  F.,  in  our  collections,  is  wrongly  named.  It  should  be  A.  regimharti, 
Schilsky.  The  latter  species  is  distinguished  by  having  the  pubescence  at  the 
sides  of  the  elytra  yellow,  long,  and  conspicu.ous,  whex-eas  around  the  suture  and 
at  the  apex  it  is  black,  short,  and  hardly  visible.  This  arrangement  of  the 
pubescence  makes  the  elytra  appear  fulvous,  with  a  triangular  black  patch  in 
the  centre,  the  apex  of  the  triangle  being  at  the  scutellum.  I  have  two  speci- 
mens of  this  species,  taken  at  Bradfield,  Berks,  which  have  the  thorax  very  dark 
pitchy,  and  the  legs  pitchy-red  Avith  the  tarsi  black,  for  Avhich  I  propose  the 
name  var.  fraudulenta. — Norman  H.  Joy,  Bradfield,  Berks:  April   13th,  1912. 

Microglossa  marginalis  v.  obscura,  var.  nov. — Microglossa  margirialis,  Gyll., 
generally  has  the  elytra  more  brightly  colotu-ed  than  in  other  members  of  the 

*  Since  writing  tlie  above  I  have  taken  several  specimens  of  C.  ()-pustv.lalvx  under  beech 
bark  at  Sandal  Beat.  With  them  were  Lltanjus  bqnistvMtus,  S'dvnnu,^  unuhiitatun,  a.nA  Epuraa 
obsolcta.—a.  H.  C.  „ 

K  2 


116  ^^i*y- 

genus.  In  1909,  I  took  two  specimens  at  Strathfieldsaye,  Hants,  with  the  elytra 
as  dark  as  in  M.  pulla,  and  with  the  posterior  angles  of  the  thorax  only 
obscurely  reddish.  They  occurred  in  a  starling's  nest  in  company  with  the 
ordinary  form.  This  variety  is  of  course  easily  distinguished  from  M.  pulla  and 
M.  nidicola  by  the  much  finer  punctuation  of  the  thorax,  and  from  small 
specimens  of  M.  gentilis,  which  it  more  closely  resembles,  by  the  thorax  being 
alutaceous  between  the  punctures. — Norman  H.  Joy  :  April,  1912. 

Haematopinus  {Hsemodipsus,  Enderlein)  ventricosus,  Denny,  in  N.  Mavine, 
Shetland,  with  note  on  an  easy  method  of  its  detection. — In  the  seasons  1910  and 
1911  this  interesting  parasite  of  the  rabbit  {Lepus  cuniculus)  has  occurred 
frequently  here  both  on  the  mainland  and  on  the  islands  in  Yell  Sound, 
-fir.  ventricosus  is  a  very  torpid  creature — almost  invariably  to  be  found 
anchored  to  the  skin  of  its  host.  Nevertheless,  its  small  size  renders  it 
inconspicuovis  when  sought  for  by  turning  back  the  fui-.  It  may,  however,  be 
readily  obtained  by  skinning  the  rabbit  and  examining  the  inner  surface  of  the 
skin  for  the  darker  area  surrounding  the  puncture  made  by  the  proboscis  of 
the  louse.  If  the  finger  is  placed  over  the  spot  and  the  skin  reversed  the 
parasite  will  be  seen  at  once. 

As  regards  the  parts  of  the  body  affected,  the  flanks,  the  neighbourhood 
of  the  mammae,  and  generally,  one  might  say,  regions  where  the  fur  is  thinner, 
seem  most  liable  to  attack. — J.  Watebston,  The  Manse,  Ollaberry,  Shetland : 
March  12th,  1912. 

Note  on  Prosopis  genalis.  Thorns. — I  was  greatly  pleased  to  see  noted  by 
Mr.  C.  H.  Mortimer  in  this  Magazine  (ante,  p.  91),  the  occurrence  of  Prosopis 
genalis,  Thoms.,  in  Surrey,  and  have  thought  it  advisable  to  add  that  I  had  re- 
corded this  species  from  Berkshire  in  the  "  Victoria  History  "  of  that  county.  It 
would,  perhaps,  have  been  better  had  I  done  so  in  this  Magazine  as  well  as  in 
that  rather  inaccessible  publication.  The  specimens  in  my  collection  bear  the 
following  data :  "  July  8,  1900,  <J  and  ?  near  Wokingham ;  August  8,  1900, 
1  V  .  Wellington  College  ;  August,  1901,  1  ?  ,  Padworth,  near  Aldermaston  ; 
August  18,  1904,  1  ? ,  Wellington  College.  The  late  Mr.  Edward  Saunders 
kindly  confirmed  the  identification  and  at  the  same  time  said  they  were  the 
first  specimens  he  had  seen  since  those  captured  near  Hastings,  in  1879. — A.  H. 
Hamm,  22,  Southfield  Eoad,  Oxford :  April  I5th,  1912. 


"  Butterfly  Hunting  in  many  Lands,"  Notes  of  a  Field  Natui-alist,  by 
George  B.  Lonostaff,  M.A.,  M.D.,  Oxon.,  P.R.C.P.,  F.S.A.,  F.G.S.,  F.E.S.,  &c. 
To  which  are  added  Translations  of  Papers  by  Fritz  Muller  on  the  Scent- 
Organs  of  Butterflies  and  Moths  :  with  a  note  by  E.  B.  Poulton,  D.Sc,  F.R.S. 
8vo,  with  16  Plates  (7  coloured).  London :  Longmans,  Green  and  Co.,  39, 
Paternoster  Eow.     1912. 

The  valuable  and  interesting  i  papers  on  the  insects  observed  and  collected 
by  Dr.  Longstaff  in  his  travels  during  the  past  ten  years,  some  of  which  have 


1912.1  117 

appeared  in  oiu-  own  pages,  are  well  known  to  Entomologists ;  and  the  best 
thanks  of  all  who  are  interested  in  otu-  science  are  due  to  him  for  the  handsome 
and  finely  illustrated  volmne  in  which  these  notes  and  observations  are  brought 
together.  Many  who  read  them  in  their  present  form  will  learn  for  the  fii'st 
time  that  their  author  in  his  younger  days,  before  his  eyesight  was  greatly 
impaired  by  a  regrettable  accident  when  an  undergraduate  at  Oxford,  was  an 
ardent  collector  and  student  of  British  Lepidoptera,  as  his  contributions  to  our 
early  vol\imes  bear  witness,  and  that  he  is  now  only  retiu-ning  to  his  old  love, 
though  it  may  be  in  a  wider  field  and  with  a  more  extended  outlook.  Chapter  I 
is,  devoted  to  reminiscences  of  these  early  days,  and  the  eight  succeeding  chap- 
ters to  the  observations  made  during  flying  trips  to  nearly  every  part  of  the 
world — India,  China,  Japan,  Algeria,  South  Africa,  the  West  Indies  and  the 
Spanish  Main,  the  Nile  Valley,  and  finally  New  Zealand  and  Australia,  being 
among  the  regions  that  were  visited  and  their  insect  productions  "  sampled." 
With  what  success,  in  spite  of  many  distractions.  Dr.  Longstaif' s  efi'orts  were 
rewarded,  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  the  Oxford  University  Museum  has  been 
enriched  by  him  with  fully  12,000  insects  of  all  orders,  their  value  being  greatly 
enhanced  by  the  full  and  accm-ate  data  attached  to  every  single  specimen. 
While  some  may  consider  that  these  chapters  are  treated  in  parts  with  an 
excess  of  detail  (the  captiu-e  of  practically  every  species  met  with  being  noted  !), 
the  interest  of  the  narrative  never  flags  ;  and  the  genuine  enthusiasm  and 
bonhomie  of  the  author  shown  on  every  page,  as  well  as  the  number  of  valuable 
and  interesting  field-notes  placed  on  record,  make  this  part  of  the  book 
exceedingly  pleasant  reading.  This  is  especially  the  case  as  regards  the  regions 
lying  more  or  less  oft"  the  beaten  track  of  Entomologists,  such  as  the  West 
Indies,  New  Zealand,  and  notably  the  Sudan  and  the  White  Nile,  where  the 
writer  introduces  us  to  some  ixnusual  and  very  beautifid  forms  of  insect  life. 
Mrs.  Longstaff  contributes  some  vahiable  notes  on  the  Mollusca  met  with  on  the 
various  journeys,  and  a  vivid  and  graphic  account  of  the  great  earthquake  of 
January  14ith,  1907,  at  Kingston,  Jamaica,  in  which  the  author  and  his  wife 
narrowly  escaped  losing  their  lives,  is  given  in  Chapter  VI. 

"  Butterfly  Bionomics  "  is  the  title  of  Chapter  X,  in  which  is  embodied  a 
large  number  of  valuable  and  suggestive  notes  on  the  flight,  resting  habits, 
seasonal  forms,  mimicry,  and  scents  of  butterflies  from  all  parts  of  the  world- 
The  author's  observations  on  the  last  mentioned  svibject,  which  Dr.  F.  A.  Dixey 
and  he  have  made  peculiarly  their  own,  are  supplemented  by  an  Appendix  of 
nearly  70  pages,  in  which  twelve  papers  by  that  great  observer,  Fritz  Midler, 
now  appear  for  the  flrst  time  in  an  English  dress  as  translated  from  the  German 
and  Portuguese  languages  by  Mr.  E.  A.  Elliott,  who  has  thus  earned  the  lasting 
gratitude  of  English  naturalists  by  making  these  most  interesting  memoirs 
accessible  to  them. 

The  entire  volume  bears  eloquent  testimony  to  the  care  and  research  of 
Dr.  Longstaff  in  the  acciirate  identification  of  his  captures,  in  many  cases  a 
matter  of  no  small  difficulty.  Misprints  and  errors  are  few  and  far  between, 
though  there  are  one  or  two  even  in  the  "  legends  "  of  the  coloured  plates.  Of 
these  it  is  difficult  to  speak  too  highly,  some  of  the  flgiu-es  reproduced  from 


118  [May, 

Mr.  Horace  Knight's  drawings  (notably  the  lovely  little  Calojneris  e^dimene  on 
Plate  V,  and  the  gorgeous  Papilio  maackii  on  Plate  I)  being  among  the  very 
best  we  have  ever  seen.  The  "  three  colour  "  process  adopted  in  the  Frontispiece, 
however,  fails  to  do  full  justice  to  the  beautifiil  picture  by  that  artist  (which 
is  well  known  to  the  writer  of  this  notice)  of  the  Soixth  African  Eronia  cleo- 
dora  in  its  natural  surroiindinars. 


The  South  London  Entomolouical  and  Natural  History  Societt  : 
Thursday,  March  14th,  I'Jli;. — Mr.  A.  E.  Tonqe,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

William  Bateson,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  F.E.S.,  and  Prof.  E.  B.  Poulton,  D.Sc, 
M.A.,  F.E.S.,  were  elected  Honorary  Members. 

Mr.  Andrews  exhibited  three  species  of  Syrphidse  parasitic  in  their  larval 
stage  upon  Lepidoptera,  viz.,  Catabomba  pyrastri,  Xanthandrus  comtus,  and 
Melanostoma  mellinum.  Mr.  Adkin,  an  extreme  melanic  specimen  of  Noctua 
xanthographa,  taken  in  his  garden  at  Lewisham  in  1911.  Mr.  Newman,  living 
full  grown  larvEe  of  Melitxa  aurinia  fed  up  in  a  temperatiu'e  of  60°-70°,  and  a 
pair  of  Saturnia  carpini  with  all  the  usual  reddish  markings  of  a  clear  yellow. 
It  was  bred  from  a  yellow  (J  and  a  red  ?  .  Mr.  Blenkarn,  the  Coleopteron 
Haliplus  nomax,  from  Coatbridge,  i-ecently  described  as  new  to  science.  Mr.  B.  H. 
Smith,  a  living  larva  of  Colias  edusa,  from  ova  laid  in  October  last ;  one  larva 
had  already  pupated. — Hy.  J.  Turner,  Hon.  Secretary. 

Thursday,  March  28th,  1912. — The  President  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  C.  F.  Lloyd,  of  Ashford  Common,  Middlesex,  was  elected  a  Member. 

Mr.  B.  H.  Smith  exhibited  ova  of  Amphidasys  strataria  laid  by  a  ?  with 
which  he  had  assembled  five  S  s.  Mr.  West,  the  specimen  of  Psylla  albipes, 
found  by  him  at  Box  Hill  in  October  last,  and  new  to  the  British  list  of  Hemiptera. 
Mr.  Ne\vinan,  living  examples  of  Melitsea  aurinia  bred  at  a  temperature  of  60° — 70^, 
and  fviU-fed  larva?  of  Dryas  paphia  fed  under  similar  conditions.  He  called 
attention  to  the  extreme  scarcity  of  larvae  of  Arctia  caja  and  of  Abraxas 
grossulariata.  Mr.  W.  G.  Sheldon,  specimens  of  Leptosia  sinapis  and  L. 
duponcheli  with  the  summer  broods  of  the  same,  v.  diniensis  and  v.  sestiva 
respectively,  and  pointed  out  that  the  British  smumer  form  of  the  former  species 
was  an  intermediate  form.  Mr.  E.  Adkin,  a  specimen  of  Uadena  porphyrea 
(satura),  and  read  a  series  of  historical  and  critical  notes  on  the  species. 
Mr.  Andrews,  the  Dipteron,  Syrphus  arcticus,  taken  at  Chattenden  on  March 
12th.  Mr.  Ashdown,  a  specimen  of  Mysia  oblonyo-guttata,  ab.  nigro-guttata, 
from  Oxshott  in  May,  1911,  and  recently  described  as  new.  Mr.  Sich,  for 
Mr.  G.  B.  Eoutledge,  a  melanic  example  of  Depressaria  applana  from  Carlisle. 
Ml'.  A.  E.  Tonge,  a  living  specimen  of  Callophrys  avishredab  ovo.  Mr.  Edwards, 
examples  of  the  closely  allied  species  of  Ornithoptera,  lydius  and  croesus. 
Mr.  H.  Main,  the  larva  of  the  alder-fly,  Sialis  lutaria. — H.  J.  Turner,  Hon,  Sec. 


191-'-]  119 

Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomolooical  Society  :  Meeting  held  on 
February  IHth,  1912,  in  the  Royal  Institution,  Colqnit  Street,  Liverpool. — 
Dr.  P.  F.  Tinne  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Wni.  Mansbridg-e  contributed  notes  on  "  Breeding  experiments  with  the 
Black  Race  of  Boartnia  repandata  fvar.  nigra)  "  and  summarised  the  results  as 
follows : — In  1909,  (a)  a  wild  ?  of  the  local  type  form  gave  all  var.  ni(jra  ; 
(6)  a  wild  9 ,  var.  nigra,  gave  all  black  moths ;  (c)  a  pairing  of  nigra  J  and 
type  ?  gave  all  types.  In  1910,  (a)  type  x  type  gave  66.G  7o  ^^^  33.3  7o  ^^i'- 
nigra;  (6)  nigra  x  nigrra  gave  92  "/^  nij/ra  and  8  °/q  type ;  and  (c)  nigra  x  nigra 
gave  96  7^  nigra  and  4  "/^  type  ;  while  in  1911,  (a)  type  x  type  gave  all  type  ; 
(6)  nigra,  g  x  type  9  gave  all  /lif/ra ;  (ej  nigra  x  ?n(;ra  gave  95.7  °/c  nigra  and 
4.3  °/q  type ;  and  (d)  a  second  experiment  of  the  same  gave  70.5  °\^  nigra  and 
29.5  7o  type.  In  1910,  moths  from  the  broods  (a.)  and  (c)  were  used  for  the  cross 
pairings  of  type  and  variety,  the  others  being  inbred,  and  in  1911  all  were 
inbred.  Dr.  Tinne  exhibited  Lycsena  icarus  from  North  Ireland,  including  very 
blue  females. — Wm.  Mansbridge  and  Oscar  Whittaker,  Hon.  Secretaries. 


NOTES  ON  THE  BRITISH  SPECIES  OF  L0NGITARSU8,  Late. 

(A   GENUS   OF   COLEOPTERA) 

BY  J.  R.  LE  B.  TOMLIN,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  AND  W.  E.  SHARP,  F.E.S. 
{^Continued  from  p.  76  anted) 

Food  plants. — The  food  plant  of  this  species  is  practically 
unknown,  although  Bedel  gives  "  Lithospermum  officinale  d'apres 
H.  Brisout."  One  of  us  has  swept  it  from  herbage  in  which  Go7i- 
volvulus  arvensis  was  the  most  abundant  plant,  near  Malvern. 

Its  range  in  this  country  is  quite  uncertain.  It  undoubtedly 
occurs,  but  apparently  very  rarely,  in  the  London  district,  but  other 
records,  although  fairly  numerous,  are  entirely  uni*eliable,  and  it  is 
probably  often  cast  away  as  one  of  the  commoner  species  which 
it  resembles. 

Var. — ruhenticollis.  All.  (Mon.  p.  392),  is  simply  a  form  with  a 
reddish  thorax,  and  bears  precisely  the  same  relation  to  the  type  as 
V.  fuscicolKs,  Steph.,  does  to  L.  suturellus,  Duft. 

L.  NASTTJRTii,  F.  [Ent.  Syst.  I,  2,  p.  31  (1792)]  ;  Foudr.  [Mon. 
p.  160]  ;  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI,  pp.  965,  1021],  Steph.  [Man. 
p.  296.] 

Syn.     circumscriptu!^,  Bach  [Kaferf.  Ill,  p.  152]. 

In  form  and  coloration  very   similar  to  L.  suturalis,  but  much  smaller. 
Head  shining  black.    Antennse :  black  with  first  four  joints  testaceous.    Thorax 
slightly  transverse,  bordered,  black,  with  a  faint  brassy  reflection,  distinctly 


j20  f^^^'  '^1-- 

aliitaceous ;  punctuation  distinct,  rather  remote,  not  very  strong,  very  similar 
to  that  of  L.  suturalis.  Elytra  :  aliitaceous,  dull,  testaceous,  more  feebly,  and 
plainly,  more  closely  and  confusedly  puncttired  than  in  L.  suturalis,  with  suture 
sharjjly  defined  in  black,  the  apex  and  side-margins  also  often  darkened.  Legs : 
testaceous,  Avith  tarsi  slightly  darker,  and  posterior  femora  quite  black ;  first 
joint  of  anterior  tarsi  in  S  not  dilated  ;  posterior  tibial  spiirs  moderately  short. 
Underside  black.     Usually  winged      Length,  1.2-lf  mm. 

Its  m\ich  smaller  size  will  easily  distinguish  this  species  from  either 
L.  suturellus  or  L.  suturalis,  which  are  the  only  two  species  otherwise  super- 
ficially resembling  it. 

Food  plants. — Various  species  of  Boragine^ :  Symphytum,  Cyno- 
glossum  (Bedel),  Echium  (Bedel,  Foudras,  Fowler)  ;  Nasfurtium 
and  other  water  plants  (Thomson).  It  appears  to  be  rare  in  this 
country,  and  usually  occurs  in  sandy  places  in  the  autumn.  There 
are  records  from  as  from  north  as  Yorkshire. 

Var. — autwmnalis,  Weise.  An  apterous  form,  otherwise  un- 
differentiated. 

L.  MELANOCEPHALUs,  de  Gr.  [Mem.  Ins.  V.  p.  348]  ;  Gryll.  [Ins. 
Suec.  III.  p.  545]  ;  All.  [Mon.  p.  313]  ;  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI. 
pp.  979,  1022]  ;  Bedel  [Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V.  p.  311]. 

Syns. — atricillus,    Foudr.     [Mon.    p.    164]  (i);  piciceps,    Steph. 
[Man.  p.  296]  (2). 

atricapillus,  Duft.  [Fn.  Austr.  III.  p.  257]. 

In  form  a  long  oval,  more  acuminate  than  other  members  of  the  group. 
Very  variable  in  size  and  general  appearance,  but  with  the  thorax  always  more 
or  less  rufescent  and  without  metallic  reflection,  and  the  sutural  line  narrow 
and  even  throughout.  Head  :  black,  finely  punctured  between  eyes.  Antennae  : 
black,  with  first  four  or  five  joints  testaceous.  Thorax  :  very  transverse, 
bordered,  shining,  riifescent,  with  punctuation  exceedingly  variable,  but  never 
strong,  often  almost  obsolete,  occasionally  slightly  alutaceous  between  the 
punctiu-es,  but  usually  with  interspaces  smooth.  Elytra :  varying  in  colour, 
from  pale  straw  coloiir  to  testaceous  red,  with  punctuation  stronger  than  that 
of  thorax,  distinct  but  confused ;  sutural  line  naiTOw  and  even,  black  with 
siiffused  reddish  edges,  but  rarely  with  sutural  marking  obsolete  ;  apices 
acuminate,  more  shai-ply  angled  than  in  most  other  members  of  the  group. 
Legs :  testaceous  red ;  posterior  femora  usually  black,  but  sometimes  ferru- 
ginous, and  always  ferruginous  beneath  ;  the  posterior  tibiae  also  varying  from 
black  to  ferruginous  ;  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  in  g  distinctly  more  enlarged 

(1)  From  the  text  of  Foudras  it  is  imijossible  to  be  quite  certain  to  what  species  his  atricillui 
really  referred.  Most  Continental  authorities,  however,  regard  it  as  equivalent  to  melanocephahis, 
de  G.,  AH.,  &c.,  and  tlie  .synonymy  is  so  given  in  the  latest  European  list. 

(2)  That  the  "  piciceps  "  of  Stephens  was  really  the  nulanocephalus  of  de  Geer  and  others,  was 
pointed  out  by  E.  C.  Rye  (Ent,  Annual,  1872,  p.  91),  and  assumed  ("picipes,  Steph.,"  in  error)  in 
the  Waterhouse  Catalogue  of  185S. 


Just   Published.      With  16  Plates  (7  Coloured)  and  19  other  Illustrations. 
8vo.      21/-  net  (postage,  6d.)- 

BUTTERFLY-HUNTING  IN  MANY  LANDS. 

NOTES    OF    A    FIELD    NATURALIST. 
By   GEORGE    B.    L0NG5TAFF,   M.A.,  M.D.  (Oxon.), 

Late  Vice-President  Entomological  Society,  London. 

To  which  are  added  Translations  of  Papers  by  Fritz  Mullee  on  the 
Scent-Ori,^ans  of   Butterflies  and  Moths. 


LONGMANS,  GHEEN,  &  Co.,  39,  Paternoster  Eow,  London,  E.G. 

rrHE  THEEE  COLOURED  PLATES  illustrating  the  articles  on 

"SOME   INTERESTING   BRITISH  INSECTS," 

with  the  uccompanying  text  (issued  in  the  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  for  September,  1909,  and 
January  and  September,  191t')  are  now  issued  in  a  separate  wrapper,  price  2s. 

APPLY    TO    THE    PUBLISHERS. 


WATKiHS  &  QOHCASTEB,  iatmiallsK 

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pinned  on  Silver  pins,  which  will  last  much  longer  than  the  ordinary  pins  (whether 

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We  shall  be  pleased  to  send  pattern  cards  on  application. 

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CONTENTS. 


PAGE 


Notes   on   British    Phora   (corrections  and   additions)    [continued). — John   H. 

Wood,  M.B 97 

Clariger  longicornis,  Miill.,  a  British  insect. — James  J.    Walker,  M.A.,   S.N., 

F.L.S 100 

The  names  used  for  our  British  Cerambycidae  in  the  "  Coleopterorum  Catalogus" 

—  Prof.  T.  Hudson  Beare,  B.Sv  ,  F.R.S.E.,  F.E.S 101 

Description  of  a  new  species  of  Scopseus  from  the  Red  Sea— Jlf.  Cameron,  M.B., 

R.N.,F.E.S 102 

Notarthrinus  boulti,  a  new  Lycsenopsid  butterfly  from  Borneo  (with  Plate)  — 

T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D.,  F.Z.S.... 103 

A  new  species  of  Arixenia  (Dermaptera). — Malcolm  Burr,  D.Sc  ,  F.L.S 105 

Three  new  species  of  the  "  Albimana  "  group  of  the  genus  Heteroneura  (Diptera) 

—J.  E.  Collin,  F.E.S 106 

Hemiptera  in  Carmarthenshire. — E.  A.  Butter,  B.A.,  B.Sc  ,  F.E.S 108 

Correction  of  impossible  names. — E  Meyrick,  B.A.,  F.R.S Ill 

Notes  on  the  British  species  of  the  Coleopterous  genus  Philonthus. —  W.  Bevins  112 

Carpophilus  sexpustulatus,  F.,  as  a  British  species.  —  H.  H.  Corhett,M.D 114 

A  note  on  Anaspis  ruficollis,  Brit.  Colls.- iV^.  H.  Joy,  M.R.C.S.,  F.E.S 115 

Hsematopinus  (Haemodipsus,  Enderlein)  ventricosus,  Denny,  in  N.  Mavine, 
Slietland  ;  with  note  on  an  easy  method  of  its  detection. — Eev.  James 
Waterston,  B.D.,  B.Sc 116 

Note  on  Prosopis  genalis,  Thoms. — A.  R.  Hamm 116 

Review. — "Butterfly  Hunting  in  Many  Lands — Notes  of  a  Field  Naturalist," 

by  G.  B.  LongstafE,  M.A.,  M.D.  Oxon,  F.R.C.P..  F.E.S.,  &c....      ...    116 

Societies. — South  London  Entomological  Society    118 

Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society    ..   118 

Notes  on  the  British  species  of  Longitarsus  (a  genus  of  Coleoptera)  {con- 
tinued).—J.  E.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  F.E.S.    ...   119 

TTNTOMOLOmSCHE     MITTEILUNGEN,     Published     by     the 

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June,  1912.]  121 

than  in  other  members  of  the  section  ;  first  joint  of  posterior  tarsi  in  both  sexes 
f  xu-nished  with  long  white  cilia  beneath ;  posterior  tibial  spnrs  short  and  thick. 
Underside  pitchy  testaceous,  abdomen  black.     Winged.     Length,  2^-3  mm. 

This  very  common  insect  may  be  generally  distinguished  from 
other  members  of  the  group  by  its  more  transverse  thorax  and  longer, 
more  acuminate  shape ;  it  is  also  usually  larger  than  any  species  in 
this  section,  except  forms  of  L.  nigrofasciahcs.  In  the  thoracic  punc- 
tuation it  oftens  approaches  L.  suhirellus,  but  the  thorax  is  never 
black  as  in  that  species  and  in  L.  sufuralis,  and  never  possesses  a 
metallic  reflection  as  in  L.  atricillus.  From  L.  nigrofasr.iatus,  certain 
forms  of  which  it  closely  resembles,  it  can  be  distinguished  (in  fresh 
specimens)  by  the  more  evident  pilose  clothing  of  the  vmderside  of  the 
first  posterior  tarsal  joint,  and  the  distinctly  shorter  and  thicker 
posterior  tibial  spurs. 

The  food-plant,  according  to  Bedel,  is  Plantain,  wlio  adds, 
"  Buddeberg  a  observe  sa  larve  a  la  racine  du  P.  lanceolata.  Presque 
toute  I'annee  ;  eclot  commencement  de  I'ete."  This,  however,  has  not 
been  confirmed,  so  far  as  we  are  aware,  by  any  British  coleopterist. 

L.  melanocephalus  seems  to  occur  all  the  year  roimd,  and  is  often 
found  in  haystack  refuse  in  winter.  It  is  one  of  our  commonest 
species  of  Lorujitarsus,  and  its  range  extends  over  the  whole  of  the 
kingdom. 

Vars. — hutscherm,  Rye^  [Ent.  Ann.  1872,  p.  199]  ^  atriceps, 
Kutsch.  [Wien.  Monat.  1864,  p.  207]. 

This  form  was  described  in  1864  by  Kutschera  as  a  distinct 
species.  By  the  com-tesy  of  Mr.  E.  A.  Waterhouse  we  have  been 
enabled  to  examine  specimens  so  named  by  that  authority  in  the 
"  Gr.  R.  Waterhouse  "  collection,  and  we  cannot  but  think  that  Weise 
and  other  modern  authorities  are  correct  in  considering  it  as  merely  a 
small  form  of  L.  melanocephalus  with  the  thorax  generally  darker. 
We  are  unable  to  appreciate  the  structural  differences  referred  to  by 
Fowler  (Brit.  Col.  iv.  p.  345),  and  in  any  case  they  are  not  more 
than  might  be  expected  in  so  variable  a  species  as  L.  melanocephalus. 

Var. — kutschera-,  Rye,  is  smaller  than  the  average  type-form,  with 
the  elytra  shorter  and  distinctly  less  acuminate  ;  the  thorax  usually,  but 
by  no  means  always,  darker,  and  the  posterior  tibia;  blacker.  We  can 
discover  no  persistent  difference  in  pvmctuation  or  other  structural 

(1)  E.  C.  Rye,  alluding  to  this  insect,  says  ('.'■.),  "  T.  atriapx,  Kutsch.,  requires  re-naming  on 
account  of  the  long  prior  atriops  of  Stephens,  and  may  be  called  /^ttt^v/une." 


122  •    [June, 

characters.  This  form  seems  to  be  much  less  common  than  the  type, 
and  we  are  without  rehable  evidence  as  to  its  range ;  Hke  the  type  it 
is  winged  in  both  sexes. 

nigrinus,  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI.  p.  979].  This 
appears  to  be  a  melanic  fonn.  Weise  describes  it  as  "  black,  base  of 
antennae  reddish,  elytra  pitchy,  becoming  reddish  towards  the  sides." 
He  adds  that  it  is  rare,  and  we  have  not  seen  anything  taken  in  this 
coimtry  which  quite  corresponds  with  it. 

L.  NiGROFAsciATus,  Groeze  [Ent.  Beytr.  I,  p.  812  (1777)]. 
Syns. — marginahis,  Geoffr.,  1785. 

lateralis,  Illiger,  1807  ;  Foudr.  [Mon.  p.  179]  ;  All.  [Mon. 
p.  110]. 
Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI,  pp.  983,  1020]. 
V.  fairtielh.  All.  [L'Abeille,  III,  pp.  302,  398].(i) 

This  very  variable  and  perplexing  species  resembles  in  some  of  its  forms 
both  L.  suturellus  and  L.  melanocephalus.  In  form  rather  long  oval,  somewhat 
similar  to  L.  melmiocephalus.  Head  black,  very  faintly  striated  between  eyes. 
Antenna} :  long  and  stout,  testaceous,  with  last  four  or  five  joints  fuscous. 
Thorax  :  transverse,  bordered,  very  variable  both  in  coloiu'  and  sculpture,  the 
colour  ranging'  from  testaceous  to  pitchy  black,  the  punctiiation  always  fine 
but  distinct,  varying  considerably  in  intensity  ;  interspaces  always  more  or  less 
aliataceous,  the  strength  of  the  alutacity  appearing  to  vary  proportionately 
with  that  of  the  punctuation.  Elytra  :  either  clear  yellow  testaceous  or  testa- 
ceous brown,  nearly  always  with  more  or  less  indistinct  darker  linear  markings, 
which  often  take  the  form  of  a  cloudy  elongate  spot  in  the  centre  of  the  upper 
half  of  each  elytron  ;  the  sutiu-e  iisually  black  and  boldly  marked,  the  marking 
irregular  in  width,  sometimes  narrowed  at  base  and  apex  to  a  fine  line  or 
widened  out  on  the  apical  declivity,  sometimes  (in  the  form  (listing uendus) 
narrowed  to  a  thin  ruf  escent  line,  or  almost  effaced  ;  punctuation  rather  strong 
distinct  and  remote,  and  often  partially  seriate  ;  apices  separately  rounded  and 
furnished  with  a  few  short  exserted  cilia.  Legs  :  anterior  and  intermediate 
pairs  entirely  testaceous,  the  posterior  pair  with  the  femora  black  and  the 
tibiae  testaceous  or  fuscous  ;  the  underside  of  the  first  posterior  tarsal  joint  is 
set  with  short  close  pubescence,  and  the  posterior  tibial  spur  is  long  and 
slender  and  only  very  slightly  curved  at  extremity  ;  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi 
slightly  enlarged  in  J  .  Underside  black  or  pitchy  testaceous.  According  to 
Foudras  both  sexes  are  winged,  but  this  is  certainly  not  invariably  the  case  in 
this  country,  as  we  have  taken  c?  specimens  in  Surrey  with  wings  rudimentary 
or  absent.     Length,  l|-2^  mm. 

The  wide  range  of  variation  of  this  species  has  occasioned  much 
confusion   in    synonymy    and   much    difl&culty    in   identification,    but 

(1)  Waterhousc's  .specimens  originally  named  laUrallii,  111.,  by  Allard,  and  subsequently 
de.scribed  by  him  as  patnullti,  have  been  returned  by  Kutschera  as  latcrallx,  111.  (Ent.  Ann. 
1807,  p.  61). 


1912.]  123 

tliroiigli  all  its  forms  it  may  be  distiiiguislied  from  any  other  of  the 
strongly  sculptured  species  by  the  longer  and  straighter  posterior 
tibial  spur ;  the  dark  linear  elytral  markings,  nearly  always  more  or 
less  obvious,  are  also  characteristic  ;  and  it  feeds  on  a  different  plant 
{Verbascicm)  from  any  of  them. 

Food  plants.— "  Diverses  especes  de  Verbascti7n'"  (Foudras), 
Verhascum  (Allard).  We  have  taken  it  in  some  numbers  from 
V.  thapsus  on  Box  Hill,  Surrey,  but  we  are  quite  disposed  to  believe 
that  it  may  occur  on  other  plants  and,  as  we  have  previously  suggested, 
a  different  food-plant  may  to  some  extent  imply  a  different  form  of 
the  species. 

Its  range  is  uncertain,  but  it  undoubtedly  occurs  not  uncommonly 
in  the  South  of  England,  and  Mr.  F.  H.  Day  has  taken  it  near  Carlisle. 

Ydiw—distingiiendvs,  Rye  [Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  IX,  p  157  (1872)]. 

In  a  species  whose  morphology  is  so  unstable  as  this,  it  appears 
as  impossible  as  it  would  be  futile  to  single  out  each  special  form  by  a 
separate  varietal  name,  but  assuming  the  larger  darker  insect  which 
we  find  on  Verhascmn  to  be  the  "  type,"  it  is  certainly  convenient  to 
retain  the  name  disting tiendus  for  the  form  so  described  as  a  species 
by  E.  C.  Rye.  It  is  certainly  suificiently  dissimilar  not  only  to  have 
been  described  by  so  experienced  a  student  but  to  have  been  accepted 
ever  since  as  of  specific  value,  and  it  is  only  by  careful  comparison 
between  individuals  of  a  long  series  that  the  gradation  of  form  becomes 
so  apparent  as  to  lead  to  the  conviction  of  their  essential  unity. 

L.  distinguendus'^^^  as  represented  in  our  collections  is  generally 
rather  smaller  and  paler  than  typical  L.  nirirofasciat us,  with  the  thorax 
more  or  less  testaceous,  and  the  linear  dark  elytral  markings,  although 
nearly  always  more  or  less  indicated,  are  weaker,  but  the  long  tibial 
spur  is  constant  in  every  form.  The  long  and  stout  antennae,  a 
character  insisted  on  by  Rye  in  his  description,  are  common  to  all 
variations  of  the  species  which  we  have  seen,  but  it  is  evident  from  the 
assertion  of  Rye  that  his  insect  much  resembled  L.  atricillus  that  his 
exponents  included  some  of  the  darker  forms  approaching  typical 
L.  nigrofasciatus.  He  also  states  it  to  be  apterous.  Senecio  jacobasa, 
Teucriuni  scorodonia,  and  Scrojjliularia  nodosa  have  been  recorded  as 
food  plants  of  this  variety,  but  we  have  taken  specimens  on  Verbascum 
in  company  with  the  type-form  which  are  indistinguishable  from 
Rye's  lighter  examples. 

(li  Bedel,  I'eferriiig  to  L.  (listiayiundas,  Rye,  says:  "  II  est  surtout  voisiu  de  I'insecte  decrit 
par  Allard  sous  le  noiii  de  '' patruelis"  (vari6te  de  niyrofasciatus,  No.  33)  [Col.  Bass.  Seine,  V, 
p.  313]. 

K  2 


124  t'^"'»«' 

Foudras    (Mou.    p.    178)    differentiates   three   varietal  forms  of 
L.  lateralis,  111.,  viz. : — 

Var.  A.     Macula  margiuali  Integra. 
B.     Macula  marginali  deficieute. 
c.     Tota  pallida, 
of  which  the  last  is  probalily  equivalent  to  our  var.  distincjuendus,  Rye. 

{To  he  continued.) 


A    NEW    SPECIES    OF    OLIGOTA. 
BY    DAVID    SHARP,    M.A.,    F.R.S. 

OlIGOTA    YTENBNSIS,    sp.  U. 

Niger.  u)iteiinis  peilihusque  ruj/s,  illaruw  clava  fusca  ;  minima,  anfjusta, 
siiliHitfaris ;  eliiris  thorace  vix  lutigioribus,  fere  angiistioribus.  Lung,  cor- 
pore  extenso,  \\  mm.,  hit.  \  mm. 

The  smallest  and  most  linear  of  our  British  forms,  and  readily 
distinguished  by  the  aborted  vpings,  they  being  smaller  than  the  elytra. 
The  antennae  are  rather  short,  the  club  abinipt,  the  8th  joint  being 
considerably  larger  than  the  very  short  7th  joint.  The  head  and 
thorax  are  very  shining.  The  elytra  are  intensely  black,  rather  strongly 
punctured.  The  last  segments  of  the  abdomen  are  only  slightly  paler 
than  the  preceding. 

This  very  distinct  little  species  may  be  placed  between  atomaria 
and  imsiUima  ;  it  has  much  the  appearance  and  the  colour  of  atomaria, 
but  will  be  distinguished  from  it  by  a  glance  at  the  small  elytra.  It 
is  narrower  and  darker  in  colour  than  pusillima,  and  both  atomaria  and 
■pvsillima  have  elongate  wings,  whereas  in  ytenensis  the  wing  is  only 
about  the  length  of  the  elytron.  The  measurements  of  length  given 
by  Gauglbauer  for  the  species  of  this  genus  are  too  small ;  he  says 
0.7-0.8  mm.  for  ijusillima,  which  insect,  however,  is  larger  than 
ytenensis,  the  length  of  which,  before  contraction  has  occurred,  is  a 
good  deal  more  than  1  nun. 

0.  yteneusis  has  occurred  at  Lymington  in  decaying  sea-weed,  but 
is  at  preseut  a  great  rarity.  0.  atomaria — a  common  insect  here — 
occurs  with  it,  as  does  Actinopteryx  fucicola.  I  have  also  a  specimen 
from  Edinljurgh,  which  I  have  no  doulit  is  the  same  species,  and 
which  I  think  was  not  found  in  sea- weed. 

Brockenhurst : 

May  'Srd,  1912. 


1912.]  125 

LATHBOBIUM  BIPICOLA,   Czwal.  r    AN   ADDITION   TO   THE   BRITISH 
LIST  OP   COLEOPTERA,  WITH   REMARKS  ON  ALLIED   SPECIES. 

BT    E.    A.    NEWBERT. 

For  some  time  past  I  have  been  of  opiuion  that  the  insects 
standing  in  my  collection  as  L.  boreale,  Hochh.,  should  properly  be 
referred  to  the  above  species.  My  friend  Dr.  Cameron  was  kind 
enough  recently  to  bring  some  Continental  rijncoln  for  comparison, 
with  the  result  that  we  both  agreed  as  to  their  identity  with  mj 
British  examples.  To  make  the  matter  more  certain,  he  sent  a  (^  of 
the  latter  to  Dr.  Bernhauer,  who  has  confirmed  the  opinion  we  had 
formed.  I  do  not  propose  here  to  give  a  detailed  description  of 
L.  ripicola  ;  a  good  one  has  been  published  ])y  Graiiglbauer  (Kafer 
von  Mitteleuropa,  II,  511),  and  another,  still  more  extensive,  with 
figures  of  the  male  characters  of  this  and  the  allied  species  by  Mulsant 
and  Rey  (Pederiens,  39) ,  under  the  name  of  boreale,  Hochh. ;  a  name 
which  has  been  dropped  altogether,  as  no  insect  with  the  ^  characters 
given  by  Hochhuth  appears  to  exist  in  nature.  The  separation  of  the 
males  of  the  larger  species  of  Lathrobimn  is  comparatively  easy,  while 
that  of  the  females  is  quite  the  reverse.  The  following  is  an  attempt 
to  tabulate  the  forms  which  are  more  or  less  allied  to  L.  gemimim, 
Kraatz.  The  males  of  this  group  can  be  distinguished  by  having  the 
last  ventral  abdominal  segment  trifid,  with  the  middle  section  longi- 
tundinally  carinate  on  each  side,  the  inner  edges  of  the  side-pieces 
(often  with  raised  margins)  being  parallel  to  these  carina.  I  have 
failed  to  discover  any  satisfactory  characters  to  separate  the  females 
of  elongahim  from  those  of  geminuni,  apart  from  the  slight  differences 
of  punctuation  and  colour  which  are  also  found  in  the  males. 

1  (2).  Middle  joints  of  antennae  longer  aud  more  conical;  elytra  dark  with 

more  or  less  of  the  apex  dirty  yellow-brown,  junction  of  coloiu's 
badly  defined.  (J  with  penviltimate  ventral  abdominal  segment  not, 
or  scarcely,  furrowed,  nor  furnished  with  longitixdinal  rows  of  black 
hairs,  somewhat  bluntly  triangularly  excised  at  apex.  ?  with 
penultimate  dorsal  segment  broadly  quadrangularly  excised. 
Length,  7-8  mm L.  fulvipennc,  Grav. 

2  (1).  Middle  joints  of  antennae  shorter  and  less  conical. 

3  (6).  Penultimate  ventral  abdominal  segment  of   i  without  a  row  of  con- 

verging black  hairs  on  each  side  of  the  distinct  longitudinal  f lu-row ; 
coxse  black  or  pitchy. 

4  (5).  Elytra  black  ;  size  larger;  penultimate  ventral  segment  of    S  deeply 

triangularly  excised  at  apex.  ?  with  apical  dorsal  segment  longi- 
tudinally ridged.     Length,  8-9  mm L.  hrunnipes,  Fabr. 


126  [June, 

5  (4),  Elytra  red,  sometimes  darker  in  a  small  and  badly  defined  area  near 

scutellum  ;  size  smaller  ;  peniiltimate  ventral  segment  of  t?  tri- 
angularly excised  at  apex,  and  furnished  with  a  long  tooth-like 
process,  which  is  ciliated  at  apex,  on  each  side  of  this  excision. 
Length,  6.5-7.5  mm L.  Isevipenne,  Heer. 

6  (3).  Penultimate  ventral  abdominal  segment  of  S  with  a  row  of  converging 

black  hairs  (crests  of  Rey)  on  each  side  of  central  longitudinal 
furrow.  $  with  dorsal  apical  segment  not  ridged.  Elytra  normally 
in  part,  or  entirely,  red. 

7  (8).  Upperside  of   head  more  diil'iisely  and  finely  punctured  than  that  of 

thorax  ;  coxae  usually  red,  except  at  base  ;  elytra  either  entirely  red, 
or  with  only  a  small  and  badly  defined  black  area  near  scutellum  ; 
thorax  longer  in  proportion  to  its  breadth  than  in  the  following  two 
species.  J  with  penultimate  ventral  segment  much  as  in  geminum. 
Length,  7.5-8.5  mm L.  ripicolo,,  Czwal.,  horeale,  Rey,  nee  Hochh. 

8  (7).  Upperside  of  head  almost  as  closely  and  deeply  punctiu'ed  as  that  of 

thorax ;  coxae  nearly  always  black  or  pitchy ;  elytra  with  the  black 
coloitr  more  extensive  than  in  ripicola  ;  average  size  larger. 
Length,  8-9  mm. 

9  (10).  Underside  of  head  more  diffusely  and  finely  punctured.      S  with  the 

apex  of  penultimate  ventral  segment  slightly  excised  in  a  curve, 
often  nearly  triuacate  The  form  with  almost  entirely  black  elytra 
is  the  var.  volgense,  Hochh L.  geminum,  Kraatz. 

10  (9).  Underside  of  head  more  closely,  and  usually  more  coarsely,  punctured. 
<J  with  the  apex  of  penultimate  ventral  segment  sharply  tri- 
angularly excised.  The  limits  of  the  Itlack  and  red  colour  of  the 
elytra  are  usixally  more  strongly  defined  than  in  the  last  species. 
The  form  with  nearly  lilack  elytra  is  the  var.  fraudtdentum,  Ganglb. 

...L.  elongatum,  Linn. 
L.  fnlvipenne,  Grav.,  varies  in  the  leiijjjtli  of  the  elytra  accordino- 

to  the  development  of  the  wings.     It  is  easily  separable  from  the  other 

species  in  both  sexes. 

L.  brunnipes,  Fabr.  The  above  remarks  apply  equally  to  this 
common  species. 

L.  Ixvipenne,  Heer.  A  ?  specimen  taken  by  Mr.  W.  E.  Sharp 
was  referred  doubtfully  to  this  species  by  me,  and  was  subsequently 
corroborated  by  Herr  Grauglbauer  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  xlii,  55).  The 
females  of  leevipenne  and  ripicola  are  exceedingly  difficult  to  separate  ; 
they  differ  in  the  colour  of  the  coxae  and  a  little  in  size.  The  capture 
oi  Q.  t$  Isevipenne  is  very  desirable.  Mr.  Tomlin  has  a  note  of  some 
specimens  which  he  referred  to  the  ^  of  this  insect  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag., 
xliii,  136),  two  of  which  I  have  seen.  They  are  certainly  not  L-evipenne, 
but  like  that  species  they  are  without  the  "  crests  "  on  the  penulti- 


1912.1  127 

mate  ventral  segment,  which  is  excised  in  a  broad  curve  at  apex  unlike 
that  of  any  of  the  species  above  tabulated.  I  am  unable  to  say  to 
what  they  should  be  referred. 

L.  ripicola,  Czwal.  This  insect  does  not  appear  to  be  rare.  I 
have  seen  specimens  from  Tottenham  and  Woking  (Champion)  ;  near 
Carlisle  (Day)  ;  and  have  myself  taken  it  at  Merton,  Surrey,  on  the 
river  bank  near  Putney,  and  at  several  places  in  Hampshire.  Fowler's 
description  (Brit.  Col.  II,  299)  of  boreale,  Hochli.,  is  as  applicable  to 
ripicola  as  to  gemimim.  L.  ripicola  stands  under  various  names  in 
British  collections. 

L.  geminum,  Kraatz.  Common  round  London,  and  probably  all 
over  the  kingdom.  The  black  forms  of  both  this  and  elongatum  are 
easily  separable  from  bnmnipes  by  the  sexual  characters. 

L.  elongatmn,  Linn.  This  insect  is  common  at  Slapton  Ley, 
Devon,  but  appears  local  and  apparently  scarce  elsewhere.  Near 
Carlisle  (Day)  ;  Lee  (Champion).  The  var.  fraudulentum  has,  I 
believe,  only  occiu'red  at  Slapton  Ley. 

Reitter  (Fauna  G-ermanica,  II,  144)  suggests  that  gem.inum  is 
only  a  race  of  elongatum.  He  further  states  that  elongatum  is  scarce, 
while  geminum  is  common  everywhere  in  Grermany. 

13,  Oppidans  Eoad,  N.W : 
May  1th,  1912. 


LYGMNA    (AGRIADES)    ALEXIUS,   Fre.  :  A   GOOD   SPECIES. 
A    PRELIMINARY    NOTE    BY    T.    A.    CHAPMAN,    M.D. 

It  seems  desirable  that  Lepidopterists  should  not  lose  the  coming 
season  for  the  investigation  of  this  interesting  species.  I  therefore 
give  this  preliminary  notice  of  its  recognition,  so  that  further  data 
about  it  may  be  obtained  in  definite  form.  There  is  an  aberration  of 
Lyceena  {Polyommatus)  icarus,  known  as  icarinus,  Scriba.  This  occurs 
wherever  icarus  is  found,  but  more  or  less  sporadically.  There  is, 
however,  a  distinct  species,  for  which  I  accept  the  name  of  alexias, 
as  having  been  given  by  Freyer  to  one  form  of  the  species,  that 
occurs  with  icarus,  but  not  apparently  in  its  more  northern  habitats, 
and  in  all  probability  ought  to  occur  apart  from  icarus ;  but  the 
curious  part  of  its  habit  is  that  it  appears  to  be  a  close  mimic  of 
icarus,  and  except  in  the  loss  of  the  basal  spots  of  fore  wing  exactly 


12S  [June, 

resembles  the  race  of  icarns  with  which  it  occurs.  The  only  definite 
distincti(in  between  alexins  and  ab.  icarinus  of  icarus,  that  appears  on 
a  superficial  examination  is,  that  icarinus  is  sporadic,  whilst  alexins 
being  a  distinct  species,  may  be  in  greater  or  less  numbers.  General- 
ising from  the  few  localities  from  which  I  have  specimens  I  suppose 
it  to  range  from  France  to  Central  Asia. 

If  any  one  meeting  with  it  (and,  if  not  as  common  as  icarus itis 
certainly  not  rare)  will  be  good  enough  to  send  me  a  few  specimens 
of  it  and  of  the  associated  icarns,  it  would  materially  assist  me  in 
elucidating  the  species. 

Betiila,  Rei^ate: 
May  nth,  1912. 


DESCRIPTIONS   OF   NEW   EXOTIC   LYCMNIDM   AND   HESPERIIDM* 
BY    HAMILTON   H.    DRUCE,    F.L.S.,  Ac. 

LYGjENIJD^. 

Sheffieldia,  gen.  nov. 
Closely  allied  to  Cooksonia,  from  which  it  differs  by  veins  5  and  6  having  a 
common  origin  from  the  end  of  the  cell,  conseqiiently  the 
upper  discoidal  nervule,  which  is  present  in  Cooksonia,  is 
wanting.  The  palpi  and  antennae  are  as  described  in 
Cooksonia. 

Type  :  Sheffieldia  neavei,  sp.  nov. 

I  think  that  both  this  genus  and  Cooksonia 
should  be  placed  in  the  sub-family  Lipteninss.  In 
Venation  of  shiffiddia.  one  of  the  specimens  examined  vein  6  is  stalked 
from  vein  5  in  the  fore- wing  some  distance  beyond  the  end  of  the  cell. 
Sheffieldia  neavei,  sp.  nov. 
J  .  Upper  side  orange-bi\fP,  with  the  basal  area  of  the  fore-wing  and  the 
whole  of  the  hind-wing  overlaid  with  brick-red.  Fore-wing  :  apex  rather  broadly 
black,  the  black  gradually  narrowing  towards  the  tornus  ;  a  large  black  costal 
blotch  spread  over  the  end  of  the  cell  and  beyond  and  narrowing  along  the 
costa  to  the  base.  Hind-wing  :  termen  broadly  and  evenly  black,  a  clearly 
defined  black  spot  at  the  ui>per  end  of  the  cell.  Cilia  of  fore-Aving,  black ;  of 
hind-wing,  chequered.  Under  side :  fore-wing  diiU  orange,  reddish  in  the  cell ; 
pale  yellow  towards  the  apex,  which  is  pale  yellow  inwardly,  bordered  with 
white,  and  again  with  black,  and  divided  by  the  black  nervules.     The  black 

*  The  two  coloured  plates  in  preparation   illustrating  tlie  insects  now  described   will   be 
issued  in  a  future  number  as  soon  as  ready. — H.  H.  D. 


1912.]  129 

costal  patch  is  less  extensive  than  on  the  upper  side,  and  split  up  into  streaks 
and  spots.  Hind-wing-  pale  bntf,  overlaid  with  creamy-white  scales,  with  a 
number  of  black  clearly  defined  spots  scattered  over  the  basal  and  discal  areas. 
The  lilaek  terminal  border  supports  a  marginal  row  of  yellow  hmules,  and  a 
submarginal  row  of  white  crescent-shaped  lunules  placed  betAveen  the  veins. 
Cilia  of  fore-wing,  black ;  of  hind- wing,  chequered.  Thorax,  palpi,  and  antennse 
black.  Eyes  inwardly  bordered  with  a  white  line.  Abdomen  yellow,  with  the 
base  of  each  segment  black,  and  a  white  spot  on  each  segment  below.  Legs 
black,  with  some  yellow  scales  and  hairs.      Kxpanse,  47-50  mm. 

Hah.  :  G-ERMAN  East  Africa,  Ulielie  District,  3000-3500  ft. 
(*S^.  A.  Neave). 

Type  :  British  Miiseum.  Co-types :  Mus.  Hope,  Oxford,  and 
Mus.  Druce. 

Described  from  6  (^  (^ ,  all  captured  by  Mr.  Neave  on  Nov.  22nd, 
1910.  The  specimen  figured  is  in  the  Hope  Museum.  I  can  find  no 
Acrasa  exactly  like  it,  but  it  seems  nearest  to  A.  anemosa,  Hew.,  on  the 
upper  side,  but  quite  different  below. 

Epamera  uazei,  sp.  uov. 
(?  Upper  side  shining  cserulean-blue ;  costa  of  fore-wing  narrowly,  apex 
broadly,  black ;  dorsum  of  hind-wing  white,  becoming  grey  towards  the  lobe, 
which  supports  a  deep  black  spot  crowned  with  cannine  and  overlaid  with  a 
few  metallic  greenish  scales.  A  black  marginal  spot  in  cell  1.  The  hind-wing 
bears  a  large  shining  grey  costal  patch  centred  with  straw-coloured  scales, 
which  the  convex  dorsvun  of  the  fore-wing  completely  hides.  Underside  :  fore- 
wing  pure  white  without  markings,  but  with  a  large  shining  central  patch  on 
the  dorsum,  to  whose  edge  is  attached  a  tuft  of  long  straw-colotu-ed  hairs. 
Hind-wing  pure  white,  with  a  subterminal  black  line  angled  towards  the 
dorsum.  Lobe  black,  crowned  with  carmine  and  metallic  scales  below.  A  faint 
black  marginal  spot  in  cell  1,  and  another  more  prominent  in  cell  2.  Head 
yellow,  white  between  the  eyes,  with  a  central  yellow  spot.  Legs  white,  with 
black  spots.  Cilia  black  and  white  above,  white  below.  Antennae  black,  white- 
ringed.  Palpi  white,  black  topped.  There  is  an  indication  of  a  faint  red  line 
near  the  apex  of  the  hind-wing  below. 

V .  Ujjper  side  white,  the  basal  areas  of  both  wings  pale  cserulean-bhie  ; 
fore-wing  with  costa  and  apical  third,  dvdl  black.  Hind-wing  with  an  ante- 
ciliary  brown  line,  a  terminal  row  and  a  subterminal  band  composed  of  more  or 
less  crescent-shaped  brown  limiUes.  Lobe  as  in  J ,  but  the  carmine  more 
extensive.  Under  side  as  in  S  ,  but  with  a  faint  subterminal  line  to  fore-wing. 
Expanse,  J  9  .  41  mm. 

Hah. :  S.  Nigeria,  Lagos.     Types  :  Mus.  Hope,  Oxford. 

Captured  by  J.  A.  de  Glaze,  Esq.,  F.L.S.,  of  King's  College,  Lagos. 

This  is  an  interesting  insect,  as  although  it  is  much  like  Argiolans 
mevas,  H.  H.  D.,  especially  as  regards  the  $  ,  both  sexes  have  but  four 
subcostal  nervules. 


130  [J»ne' 

Thecla  maraches,  sp.  nov. 
c? .  XJppei'  side  rich  dark  piirple  blue,  with  a  greyish  tinge ;  apex  and 
termen  of  fore-wing  dull  black.  Hind-wing :  costa  bi'oadly,  ternien  narrowly, 
dull  ]:)lack  ;  dorsmu  grey.  Cilia  of  both  wings  black  ;  a  white  ante-ciliary  line 
between  veins  1  and  2  on  hind-wing.  Tails  black  with  white  ti^js.  Under  side 
smoky  brown ;  both  wings  crossed  by  prominent  irregular  dark-bordered  pale 
blue  lines,  the  innermost  of  which  on  the  hind-wing  is  angled  to  the  dorsum. 
Between  veins  2  and  3  on  the  hind-wing  is  a  prominent  crescent-shaped  red 
patch  surrounding  a  black  dot,  and  beyond  this  towards  the  dorsum  is  an 
elongated  v- shaped  red  marking,  which,  together  with  the  crescent-shaped 
patch,  are  inwardly  edged  with  black  and  then  white.  A  subterminal  row  of 
blue  shades  and  a  terminal  white  line.  Cilia  of  both  wings  brown.  Abdomen 
black  a])ove,  pale  Ijeueath.  Legs  black,  with  white  spots.  Palpi  black,  inter- 
spersed with  white  hairs  below.     Expanse,  35  mm. 

Hab.:  E.  Ecuador,  Banos,  Eio  Pastaza,  5000-7000  ft.  (M.  G. 
Palmer).       Type  :  Mus.  Druce. 

Somewhat  like  T.  sala,  Hew.,  but  darker  above,  and  the  position 
of  the  pale  lines  below  is  quite  different.     There  are  no  brands. 

Thecla  fassli,  sp.  nov. 
(J  .  Allied  to  T.  loxurina,  Feld.,  from  which  it  differs  on  the  upper  side  by 
the  fore-wing  being  darker  in  shade,  and  by  the  hind-wing,  excepting  over  the 
basal  area,  being  of  a  warm  chestnut-brown.  Cilia  of  both  wings  chestnut- 
brown.  The  hind- wing  is  decidely  more  elongate  and  the  lobe  is  less  pro- 
nounced.    Expanse,  39  mm. 

Hab.:  Colombia,  Monte  Socorro,  3800  metres  (A.  H.  Fassl). 
Type :  Mus.  Druce. 

Thecla  orocana,  sp.  nov. 
(? .  Upper  side  shining  lustrous  blue  with  a  greenish  tinge.  Allied  to 
T.  orobia,  Hew.,  from  which  it  differs  by  the  much  broader  black  apex  and 
termen  to  the  fore-wing,  and  by  the  veins  traversing  the  blue  areas  being 
covered  with  blue  scales,  not  black  as  in  T.  orobia.  Under  side :  the  fore-wing 
differs  from  that  of  T.  orobia  in  having  a  pale  purplish-brown  costal  patch 
extending  from  just  beyond  the  end  of  the  cell  nearly  to  the  apex  and  minute 
blvie  dots  in  cells  2  and  3  only.  On  the  hind-wing  the  crescent-shaped  band  of 
black-encircled  blue  dots  is  much  less  prominent,  and  there  are  scarcely  any 
metallic  green  scales  towards  the  anal  angle.  There  is  no  tail  on  vein  2  as  in 
T.  orobia.  Abdomen  blue  above,  pale  brown  below.  Antennae  white-ringed. 
Palpi  brown,  inwardly  bearing  interspersed  whitish  hairs.  Legs  brown,  with  a 
few  white  spots.     Expanse,  46  mm. 

Hab. :  E.  Peru,  El  Porvenir,  900  metres.     Type  :  Mus.  Druce. 
The  black  veins  and  tail  of  T.  orobia  at  once  distinguish  it  from 
the  insect  described  above. 


1012.]  131 

Thecla  lophis,  sp.  nov. 

c? .  Allied  to  T.  nisxe,  Q.  and  S.,  from  which  it  differs  on  the  iijiper  side 
by  being-  of  a  more  brilliant  blue  shade  and  by  the  broad  black  apex  to  the 
fore-wing,  and  on  the  under  side  by  the  orange-red  base  to  the  costa  of  the 
fore-wing.     Expanse,  35  mm. 

Hah.  :  Colombia,  El  Tigre,  Eio  Tamana,  Clioco.  320  ft.  (G.  M. 
Palmer).        Type:   Mus.  Drtice. 

Thecla  opisena,  sp.  nov. 
c?  .  Upper  side  liistrous  shining  ultramarine-bhie  ;  costa  and  apical  third 
of  fore-wing  black.  Costa  of  hind-wing  greyish  ;  termen  very  narrowly  black  ; 
dorsum  bluish-grey.  Cilia  of  fore-wing,  l)lack  ;  of  hind-wing,  black  tipped  with 
pure  white;  no  tail.  Under  side  emerald  green;  fore- wing  with  the  dorsum 
rather  broadly  greenish-grey  ;  hind-wing  with  an  ultramedian  serpentine 
narrow  white  line,  inwardly  bordered  with  black,  commencing  on  the  costa 
beyond  the  middle,  and  ending  on  the  dorsum.  A  bright  red  spot  in  cell  1,  and 
anotlier  in  cell  2.  A  small  black  spot  at  the  extreme  angle.  Abdomen  blue 
above,  pale  buff  below.  Head  black,  emerald  green  between  the  eyes.  Palpi 
green,  with  black  tips.  Antennae  black  with  white  rings.  No  brands.  Cilia  of 
fore-wing  golden  brown,  of  hind-wing  white  towards  angle.     Expanse,  28  mm. 

Hub. :  Colombia.         Type  :  Mus.  Drtice. 

Somewliat  like  T.  facuna,  Hew.,  but  darker  blue  and  without  the 
brand  on  the  upper  side  of  the  hind-wing  in  that  species. 

HESPEBIID^. 

Entheus  ninyas,  sp.  nov. 

(? .  Upper  side :  Fore-wing  dark  brown ;  basal  third  reddish-orange ;  a 
median,  whitish,  semi-hyaline  band  from  the  vxpper  wall  of  the  cell,  extending 
into  cell  1 ;  a  triangular  hyaline  spot  in  cell  3,  and  a  subapical  curved  semi- 
hyaline  band  divided  by  the  brown  nervules.  Hind-wing  reddish  orange,  with 
the  costa  and  termen  evenly  dark  lirown.  Under  side  as  above,  but  paler. 
Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  reddish-orange  above,  creamy-white  below.  Palpi 
black  above,  white  below.     Antennte  black.     Expanse,  40  mm. 

Hab. :  Bolivia,  Farinas  La  Paz,  1500  metres. 

Type  :  Mus.  Druce. 

Allied  to  E.  eumehts,  Cr.  [Pap.  Ex.  II.  t.  156,  f.  E.  (1779)],  which 
has  less  orange  on  the  fore-wing,  and  the  veins  on  the  hind-wing 
broadly  marked  with  brown. 

POTAMANAX  PISATES,  Sp.  IIOV. 
(?  .  Upper  side  :  Fore-wing  smoky  brown,  paler  between  the  nervules ;  a 
pale  yellowish  white  median  fascia  extending  almost  from  the  costa  to  vein  1. 
Hind-wing  smoky  brown,  the  veins  darker;  a  central  white  patch  extending 
from  the  costa  to  vein  4,  its  inner  edge  sharply  defined,  its  outer  edge  obscure. 
Under  side  white,  greyish  brown  towards  apex  of  fore-wing  and  along  termen 


132  f"^"°*' 

of  hind-wing-.  Thorax  and  abdomen  lirown  above,  white  below.  Legs  brown, 
clothed  with  white  hairs.  Palpi  clothed  with  intermixed  brown  and  white 
hairs     Antennae  brown,  the  base  of  the  shaft  with  white  spots.    Expanse,  43  mm. 

Hab. :  E.  Ecuador,  El  Topo,  Rio  Pastaza,  4200  ft.  (M.  G.  Palmer). 

Type :  Mus.  Di'uce. 

Described  fi-om  three  specimens  which  show  no  variation.  There 
is  also  an  example  in  the  G-odman  and  Salvin  collection  from  Santa 
Inez,  Ecuador  (Buckley).  It  is  nearest  to  P.  melicerfes,  Grodm.,  but 
is  quite  distinct. 

Falga  scydra,  sp.  nov. 

(J .  Upper  side  uniform  dark  bi'own,  without  markings ;  cilia  of  both 
wings  concolorous.  Under  side  :  Fore-wing  with  an  apical  series  of  pale  yellow 
radiating  lines  placed  on  veins  3  to  9;  cilia  brown.  Hind-wing  glistening 
white ;  cilia  from  vein  1  to  above  vein  8,  d.ark  brown  ;  the  basal  portion  over- 
laid with  short  white  scales,  thus  producing  a  golden  brown  appearance. 
Thorax  and  abdomen  dark  brown  above,  white  beneath.  Antennae  black.  Legs 
brown  above,  white  below.  Palpi  pale  yellow,  with  interspersed  black  hairs ; 
terminal  joint  black.     Expanse,  47  mm. 

Hab. :  E.  Ecuador,  El  Eosario,  Eio.  Pastaza,  4900  ft.  (M.  G. 
Palmer)  ;  also  El  Topo,  Rio  Pastaza,  4200  ft. 

Type :  Mus.  Druce. 

Described  from  three  specimens.  Appears  to  agree  in  all  generic 
characters  with  Falga  jeconia,  Butler. 

Dion  turmada,  sp.  nov. 

?  .  Upper  side  dark  brown,  without  markings ;  basal  half  to  anal  angle 
of  hind-wing  shot  with  dark  peacock-blue,  which  is  only  visible  when  the 
insect  is  held  at  an  angle.  Under  side :  Fore-wing  brown,  with  the  costa  and 
apex  broatUy  olive  green,  and  the  veins  dark  brown ;  a  rather  large  wliitish 
patch  in  cell  1  placed  beyond  the  middle.  Hind-wing  olive  green,  with  the 
veins  dark  brown,  and  the  dorsum  broadly  warm  brown,  slightly  shining;  a 
dark  median  shade  placed  beyond  the  cell.  Thorax  and  abdomen  bluish  brown 
above,  brown  below.  Head  with  white  spots  between  and  behind  the  eyes. 
The  hairs  clothing  the  palpi  are  deep  black,  excepting  at  the  base,  where  they 
are  white.  Antennae  black.  Legs  brown  ;  inner  side  of  hind  tibiae  clothed  with 
pale  grey  hairs.     Expanse,  63  ram. 

Hab. :  E.  Ecuador,  El  Topo,  Rio  Pastaza,  4200  ft.  (M.  G.  Palmer). 

Type  :  Mus.  Druce. 

Although  I  have  not  seen  the  male,  I  place  this  insect  in  the 
interesting  genus  Dion,  without  hesitation. 


1912.]  183 

DESCRIPTIONS   OF  TWO   NEW  SPECIES  OP  MICBO-LEPIDOPTERA* 

by  herbert  druce,  f.l.s.,  k.r.g.s.,  &c. 

Fam.    8PABGAN0THID^. 

Atteria  docima,  sp.  nov. 

c?  .  Head  and  antennae  black ;  thorax  and  abdomen  reddish-brown,  the 
latter  black  beneath ;  the  anal  segments  also  spotted  with  black ;  the  anal  tuft 
gi-eyish  white  ;  legs  reddish  brown.  Primaries,  orange-red ;  the  costal  margin 
black,  thickly  streaked  with  white ;  the  apex  and  outer  margin  black,  to  the 
end  of  the  cell,  streaked  with  fine  white  lines  ;  the  inner  margin  spotted  with 
black,  the  fringe  alternately  black  and  wliite.  Secondaries  rather  darker  red 
than  the  primaries ;  the  apex  and  outer  margin  broadly  bordered  with  black, 
which  is  broken  into  spots  near  the  anal  angle  ;  the  fringe  alternately  black 
and  white ;  the  under  side  very  similar  to  the  upper  side,  biit  the  black  not 
crossed  by  white  streaks  as  above.     Expanse,  1^  inches. 

Hab. :  Peru,  La  Merced,  2000-3000  feet.     Mtis.  Druce. 

Fam.    tine  id  ^. 

Ommatothelxis,  Wlsm. 

Ommatothelxis  grandis,  sp.  nov. 

?  .  Head,  collar,  tegulae,  and  thorax,  bright  metallic  blue  ;  palpi,  bluish- 
black,  red  at  the  base  on  the  under  side ;  antennae  black ;  abdomen  white, 
banded  with  blue,  the  anus  bright  red ;  coxae,  femora,  and  tibiae,  bright  red ; 
tarsi,  blue-black,  banded  with  white.  Primaries  blue-black,  crossed  about  the 
middle  by  a  wide  white  band ;  the  base  of  the  wing  very  thickly  irrorated 
with  bright  blue  scales  ;  the  veins  and  marginal  line  tliickly  covered  with 
bright  metallic  blue  scales ;  the  fringe  white  at  the  apex,  black  on  the  oiiter 
margin.  Secondaries  white,  broadly  bordered  with  black  at  the  apex,  and 
partly  round  the  oiiter  margin ;  the  fringe  bluish-black.  Under  side  very 
similar  to  the  upper  side,  but  with  the  base  of  the  primaries  white. 
Expanse,  2i  inches. 

Hab. :  West  Africa,  Bitji  Ja  Eiver,  Camerooiis,  2000  feet.  Dry 
season.     Mus.  Druce. 


A     NEW     BRITISH     TIPULID. 
BY    DR.    E.    BERGROTH,    C.M.Z.S. 

In  this  Magazine,  1893,  p.  285,  and  1895,  p.  52,  a  British  species 
of  the  genus  (or  subgenus)  Eplielia  has  been  recorded  by  Bradley  under 
the  name  E.  variinervis,  Zett.,  supposed  to  be  identical  with  the 
Limnobia  variinervis  of  Zetterstedt.     As  Wahlgren   has    shown  that 

*  Coloured  figures  will  be  given  in  ;i  future  number  of  the  two  insects  now  described— H.  D. 


134  [J^ne, 

Zetterstedt's  type  is  a  Tricyphona  (Amalopis)  with  a  supernumerary 
cross-vein  in  the  basal  median  cell,  it  is  clear  that  Bradley's  identifi- 
cation was  wrong.  The  late  'or.  H.  Verrall  sent  me  some  specimens 
of  the  British  species  in  question,  which  proved  to  be  undescribed.  In 
describing  it  I  have  used  the  Comstock-Needham  nomenclature  of 
wing-venation,  which,  founded  on  a  sound  morphological  basis,  is  now 
(except  in  (jrermany)  beginning  to  replace  the  outgrown  arbitrary  vein- 
nomenclature  used  in  the  well-known  works  of  Loew,  Schiuer,  Osten 
Sacken,  etc.  For  a  detailed  account  of  the  Tipulid  wings  I  refer  to 
Prof.  Needham's  extremely  interesting  and  instructive  paper  in  the 
"  New  York  State  Museum  Bulletin,"  124,  pp.  217—278,  plates  11—30 
(Albany  1908) .  There  is,  however,  one  term  in  the  Comstock-Needham 
nomenclature  which  does  not  seem  to  be  well  chosen.  The  "  great  cross- 
vein"  of  the  old  nomenclature  is  called  the  "  basal  deflection  "  of  Cu  1. 
It  could  never  be  called  "  deflexio"  in  a  Latin  description,  and  I  propose 
for  it  the  term  "  ascending  portion  "  (pars  ascendens)  of  Cu  1, 

Ephelia  veeralli,  n.  sp. 

Opaca,  parre  pilosa,  capite  et  thorace  clnereis,  pronoto  subochreo-cinereo, 
fusco-bivlttatu,  pone  suturam  transversam  fusco-trivittato,  ahdomini  supra 
obscure  testaceo  subtus  Jlavo-testaceo,  limbo  laterall  toto  et  limbo  apicali 
segmentorum  ventralium  fuscis,  alis  levissime  umhratis,  maculis  septem 
transversis  fuscis  ad  marginem  costalem  et  macula  minore  dilutius  fusca  ad 
apicem  venarum  longitudinalium  {excepto  i?  4  +  5)  notatis,  venulis  transversis, 
dejlexione  basalt  vence  R  4  'parteque  ascendente  venw  Cu  1  fusco-niarginatis, 
venis  So  et  R  1  flavidis  partibus  earuui  per  maculas  fuscas  currentibus  nigri- 
cantibus.  Long.  corp.  6 — 7  mm.,  alee  7 — 7.5  mm. 

Hah.  Anglia   centralis    (Warwickshire,   Bradley :    Derbyshire, 

Verrall) . 

Head  considerably  broader  than  the  collar ;  antennse  short,  not  reaching  base 
of  wings,  dark  testaceous  or  fuscous,  joints  of  flagelluni  in  the  male  almost  linear, 
except  the  three  basal  ones  which  are  narrowly  suboval,  in  the  female  shortly 
oval ;  palpi  brownish  testaceous.  Thorax  longitudinally  strongly  convex.  Meso- 
notum  with  two  fuscous  vittee,  behind  the  transverse  impression  with  three  such 
but  less  distinct  vittai,  at  the  apex  with  two  small  blackish  dots  placed  close 
together ;  huuaeral  pits  very  distinct,  blackish,  slightly  shining.  Wings  with 
the  first  costal  spot  at  h,  the  second  between  this  and  base  of  Es,  the  third  at 
base  of  Es,  the  fourth  at  apex  of  Sc,  the  fifth,  sixth,  and  seventh  at  apex  of  E  1, 
E  2,  and  E  3,  the  other  wing-spots  as  indicated  in  the  diagnosis.  Apex  of  Sc  1 
a  little  more  basadthan  the  base  of  E  4,  Sc  2  vertical,  a  little  before  the  apex  of 
Sc  1.  El  reaching  C  opposite  the  middle  of  E  2,  or  a  little  shorter,  a  little 
incixrved  near  its  tip,  r  often  scarcely  distinct.  Es  beginning  basad  from  the 
middle  of  the  wing,  gently  curved  at  the  base,  a  little  shorter  than  E  3.     Cell 


1912.J  135 

E.  2  about  three  times  longer  than  its  petiole,  occasionally  som>^what  longer.  Cell 
E  3  a  little  longer  than  R  4  +  5.  Cell  1st  M  2  about  two  times  longer  than 
broad.  Petiole  of  cell  M  1  as  long  as  the  cell  or  somewhat  shorter.  Ascending 
portion  of  Cu  1  joining  cell  1st  M  2  in  its  middle,  rarely  more  basad.  A  1 
curved  at  the  apex,  which  is  opposite  the  apex  of  Sc  1.  A  2  curved  at  the  apex, 
usually  with  a  spur  directed  obliqu.ely  forward  some  distance  before  the  tip. 
Halteres  rather  long,  pale  testaceous,  the  club  infuscated.  Ovipositor  slightly 
curved,  iipper  valves  straight,  much  shorter  than  the  lower  ones,  narrowly  trun- 
cate at  apex.  Legs  testaceous  with  the  apex  of  femora  and  tibia3  fuscous,  or 
entirely  fuscous  except  the  coxse,  trochanters,  and  base  of  femora,  which  are 
always  testaceous. 

The  specimens  communicated  by  Verrall  bear  the  labels  Sutton 
and  Dovedale.  He  wrote  that  he  had  found  them  on  the  damp  surface 
of  overhanging  rocks.  They  are  not  in  good  condition,  and  the  apex  of 
the  abdomen  being  destroyed  in  the  only  male,  I  am  unable  to  give  any 
information  about  the  structure  and  coloiu'  of  the  propygium,  but  I 
suppose  British  Dipterists  can  supplement  the  description  from  better 
preserved  material. 

In  most  wings  the  second  anal  vein  makes  a  sudden  hitch  toward 
the  first  anal  vein  some  distance  before  its  tip,  and  is  at  this  point  pro- 
vided with  a  spur  or  stump  of  a  vein  directed  obliquely  toward  the  hind 
margin  of  ths  wing.  When  snch  is  the  case  there  is  a  fuscous  spot  at 
this  point,  a  very  unusual  place  for  an  incomplete  vein  in  the  Tipulidas, 
and  foreshadowing  the  structure  of  the  second  anal  vein  in  the  South 
African  genus  Podoneura,  Bergr.  This  genus  is  placed  in  the  Limno- 
pliUirite  by  I^Teedham,  who  finds  its  venation  "  aberrant "  in  several 
respects  ;  aiid  so  it  is  if  Podoneura  is  placed  there,  but  it  belongs  to  the 
Eriojiterinm,  as  I  clearly  stated  in  my  description.  Its  venation  is  very 
similar  to  that  of  the  allied  genera,  Sympleda,  Meig.,  and  Psilooonopa, 
Zett.  {Trimicra,  O.S.),  the  only  aberrant  character  being  the  furcated 
second  anal  vein. 

I  seize  the  opportunity  to  correct  the  synonymy  of  two  genera  of 
Tipulidag.  Meigen  founded  his  genus  Cfenoj'hora  on  fovir  species 
without  indicating  the  type.  In  his  paper,  "  The  type-species  of  the 
North  American  genera  of  Dijitera"  (Proc.  XJ.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxxvii, 
pp.  499 — 647),  Coquillett  cites  as  type  of  this  genus,  Tipula  atrata,  L., 
"  by  designation  of  Latreille,  Consider.  GTeneral.,  1810,  p.  442."  For 
the  genus  hitherto  called  Gtenopliora  he  substitutes  the  new  name 
Phoroctenia.  The  fact  is,  however,  that  Latreille,  as  early  as  1805 
(Hist.  Nat.  Crust.  Ins.,  xiv,  p.  286),  singled  out « /raf a,  L.  {iclineumonea, 
De  G.),  foimding  the  genus  Tanyptera  w^on  it.  Atrata  was  thus  for 
the  future  precluded  from  the  possibility  of  being  considered  the  type 


]  36  [June. 

of  Ctenoplwra,  if  CfenopJiora  and  Tanyptera  are  kept  apart  as  distinct 

genera.     In  1832,  Brulle,  overlooking  Latreille's  work,  also  founded  a 

new  genus  (Xiphvra)  onatrata,  and  in  1833  he  separated  Cf.  himaculata, 

L.,  as  a   distinct  genus,   Dictenidia,  leaving  Meigen's  two  remaining 

speciesin  Gtenophora,  where  they  have  peacefully  stood  until  Coquillett's 

unwai-ranted  innovation.  What  Latreille,  five  years  later  (in  1910),  did 

with   the   genus    Gtenophora    has   no    bearing   on   our   nomenclature. 

Kertesz's  citation  (Cat.  Dipt.  II,  p.  269)  of  Tanyptera  under  the  genus 

Cfenophora  is  wrong.     The  correct  synonymy  of  these  genera  is : — 

Tanyptera,  Latr.  (1805).  Ctenophoka,  Meig.  (1803). 

Xiphura,  Brulle  (1832).  Phoroctenia,  Coq.  (1910). 

Type:  atrata,  L.  Type:  pectiiiicornis,  L. 

Tiirtola,  Finland: 

A^ril,  1912. 


TWO   DIPTERA    (CECIBOMYIIDM)    NEW   TO   BRITAIN. 
BY    p.    W.    EDWARDS,    B.A.,    F.E.S. 

{Published  by  lierniission  of  the  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum.) 

1.    Oligotroph'iis  ventricolus,  Eiibs.,  Biol.  Centr.  XIX,  p.  566  (1899). 

In  December  last  I  received  for  identification  from  Mr.  H.  Hors- 
fall,  of  Springhead,  Oldham,  Lanes.,  some  Cecidomyiid  galls  on 
Molinia  coerulea,  together  with  one  damaged  fly  bred  from  them.  The 
galls  and  the  larvae  contained  in  them  were  evidently  those  described 
and  figured  by  Riibsaamen  (Ent.  Nachr.,  XXI,  1895,  p.  13)  and  by 
KiefEer  (Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  1900,  pi.  31,  fig.  9)  ;  thelarvse  corres- 
ponded exactly  with  Riibsaamen' s  description,  and  as  he  says  that  they 
are  "  distinguished  from  all  known  Cecidomyiid  larvae  by  the  presence 
of  a  chitinous  structure  on  the  fourth  segment"  (i.e.  the  one  behind 
that  bearing  the  "  brustgrate  ")  the  identification  seemed  indisputable. 
Riibsaamen' s  subsequent  description  of  the  imago,  however,  did  not 
seem  to  fit  Mr.  Horsf all's  specimen.  I  was,  therefore,  very  glad  to 
receive  from  my  correspondent,  on  April  2nd  last,  a  nmnber  of  living 
examples  of  the  fly  bred  from  the  MoUma-gaMs.  An  examination  of 
these  proved  that  they  were  certainly  0.  ventricolus,  and  that  the 
species  is  subject  to  a  good  deal  of  variation  in  size  and  colour. 
According  to  the  original  description  there  is  a  red  stripe  on  the  side 
of  the  thorax  extendmg  from  the  wing-base  to  the  neck.  One  or  two  of. 
the  score  of  specimens  I  examined  were  coloured  thus,  but  most  had 


1912.]  137 

the  thorax  almost  entirely  shining  black.  In  some  the  scutellum  and 
metanotum  were  red,  in  others  black.  The  chitinised  parts  of  the 
abdomen  are  usually  black,  sometimes  ( ,^  )  brownish-black  ;  in  one  or 
two  specimens  the  tergites  were  black  with  a  reddish-central  longitu- 
dinal line.  The  non-chitinised  parts  of  the  abdomen  are  a  bright  red 
in  life,  and  this  makes  the  female  at  least  a  very  conspicuous  little  fly. 
The  black  bands  of  the  dorsal  and  ventral  surfaces  are  connected  by 
patches  of  small  flat  black  scales  on  the  lateral  integument. 

Kieffer  (Suite  a  la  Synopse,  p.  12,  1902J,  places  this  species  in 
Mayetiola  ;  both  Mayetiola  and  Oligotrophus  are  said  by  him  to  possess 
trifid  empodia,  but  in  ventricolus,  as  far  as  I  can  see,  the  empodia  are 
simple  and  pulvilliform.  Hence  if  the  tarsal  characters  of  Ceci- 
domyiidfe  are  to  be  accepted  as  of  generic  value,  this  species  is 
apparently  not  correctly  placed,  though  it  is  quite  beyond  my  power 
to  say  in  which  of  Kieffer's  genera  it  should  be  included. 

2.    Lestodiplosis  tenuis^,  Lw.,  Dipt.  Beit.  IV,  p.  33  (1850) 

A  female  specimen,  possessing  the  characters  of  Lestodiplods  and 
answering  fairly  well  to  Loew's  description  of  L.  tenuis  is  in  the 
British  Museum  collection,  bearing  the  label  "  Felden,  Herts.,  11.  iii. 
93.,  A.  Piffard."  The  species  of  Lestodiplosis  are  somewhat  remark- 
able from  having  spotted  wings,  and  some  of  them  have  also  banded 
legs.  L.  tetmiis  differs  from  the  other  banded-legged  species  in  having 
the  hind  tarsi  entirely  dark,  while  there  are  two  whitish  rings  on  the 
hind  tibiae,  and  the  femora  are  whitish  except  at  the  tip.  In  our 
specimen  the  pale  rings  on  the  hind  tibise  are  situated  at  the  base  and 
on  the  base  of  the  apical  half  (Loew  does  not  give  their  position)  ; 
the  fore  and  mid  tibiae  are  whitish  beneath  (not  mentioned  by  Loew)  ; 
and  the  upper  side  of  the  basal  half  of  the  hind  femora  is  dark,  as  well 
as  the  tip.  In  spite  of  these  points  I  think  the  identification  is  correct ; 
I  can  find  no  other  description  which  fits  the  Felden  specimen.  L.  temiis 
does  not  seem  to  have  been  noticed  since  its  description. 

British  Museum  (Natural  History) : 
May  6th,  1912. 


Stylops  melittse,  Kirby,  at  Woking,  cfc. — It  is  perhaps  woi'th  while  to  record 
the  appearance  of  further  examples  of  this  species  at  Woking,  after  an  interval 
of  several  years.  On  April  21st  and  24th,  five  males  were  taken  on  the  wing, 
and  others  seen,  by  my  sons,  on  a  sandy  part  of  our  heath  frequented  by  various 
bees.  It  is  such  a  restless  insect  that  a  butterfly  net  is  required  for  its  capture. 
Mr.  Hamm  has  also  taken  several  specimens  on  the  wing  on  April  17th — May  1st, 

L 


13S  [June, 

between  1.40  and  2.0  p.m.,  in  the  ifroixnds  of  the  University  Mnsenm  at  Oxford. 
Those  fonnd  at  Woking-  were  captured  between  9.0  and  10.30  a.m. — 
G.  C.  Champion,  Horsell,  Woking :  Mmj  4th,  1912. 

A  new  locality  for  Lomechusa  strumosa,  F. — Last  Saturday  (May  11th),  while 
walking  across  Blackheath,  to  the  S.E.  of  Guildford,  I  noticed  various  specimens 
of  Formica  sanguinea  running  across  a  sandy  path.  This  at  once  reminded  me 
of  Lomechusa,  and  on  tracing  the  ants  to  their  nest,  two  examples  of  the  beetle 
were  soon  secured.  The  Woking  locality  is  separated  from  Blackheath  by  the 
North  Downs,  and  it  is,  perhaps,  ten  miles  distant  as  the  crow  flies.  It  therefore 
seems  probable  that  Lomechusa  will  be  found  in  other  places  in  the  southern 
counties  where  the  ant  occurs.  At  present,  at  Woking,  it  seems  to  be  restricted 
to  a  very  limited  piece  of  groixnd. — G.  C.  Champion  :  May  IMh,  1912. 

Deilephila  livor7iica,  Esp.,  at  Coventry. — -I  beg  to  record  the  capture  of  a 
specimen  of  D.  livornica  last  evening  between  10  and  11  p.m.,  at  light.  I  was 
passing  an  electric  arc  standard  near  St.  John's  Church  here,  when  I  noticed  a 
Hawk-moth  encircling  it.  I  had  no  kind  of  a  net  with  me,  bvit  after  two  or 
three  powerful  soars  round  the  lamp,  the  moth  came  within  radius,  and  I 
managed  to  bring  it  down  with  my  umbrella.  Unfortunately  in  doing  so,  I 
knocked  off  one  of  its  antennae,  but  otherwise  it  is  in  fair  condition.  You  can 
imagine  my  surprise  when  later,  I  found  on  reference,  that  I  had  secured  D.  livor- 
nica, here  in  Coventry.— E.  W.  Sills,  34,  Earl  Street,  Coventry  :  May  13th,  1912. 

Early  appearance  of  Pyrameis  cardui  and  Caradrina  quadripunctata  in 
Cornwall. — Pyrayneis  cardui  was  observed  on  the  wing  almost  eveiy  day  during 
the  three  weeks  I  spent  at  the  Lizard  this  spring,  the  earliest  date  being 
March  29th.  All  the  specimens  seen  were  in  very  good  condition,  and,  as  usual, 
very  active  ;  on  one  occasion  three  were  seen  together  sunning  themselves  in  a 
sheltered  spot  on  the  cliffs.  I  suppose  these  must  have  been  immigrants  from 
the  Continent,  and  it  would  be  of  interest  to  know  if  they  were  observed  by  other 
Lepidopterists.  I  also  took  a  rather  rubbed,  but  apparently  not  very  old, 
specimen  of  Caradrina  quadripunctata  on  April  7th,  flying  in  the  sunshine — 
though  it  was  probably  disturbed  by  one  of  my  companions. — H.  Gr.  Champion, 
New  College,  Oxford:  May,  1912. 

Abundance  of  Heliozela  stanneella,  F.R. — I  shovild  be  glad  to  know  if  any  of 
your  readers  have  noticed  this  little  moth  in  unusual  niunbers  this  month. 
Here  at  Wanstead,  and  in  this  end  of  Epping  Forest,  they  were,  from  the  last 
week  in  April  till  a  day  or  two  ago,  literally  in  hundreds,  thousands  would  hardly 
be  an  exaggeration !  At  any  sunny  spot,  where  holly  or  hornbeam  bushes  were 
growing  beneath  oak,  they  were  to  be  seen  in  little  swarms  buzzing  round  the 
twigs  ;  it  would  have  been  an  easy  matter  to  have  taken  a  dozen  at  one  sweep 
of  the  net.  I  have  frequently  seen  the  allied,  and  usually  more  common  serici- 
ella  acting  in  the  same  way,  but  never  in  such  large  numbers. — A.  Thurnall, 
Wanstead,  Essex :  May  llth,  1912. 


1912.]  139 

A  note  on  Xenolechia  scalella,  Sc. — This  beavitii'iil  little  moth  is  just 
beginning  to  appear  on  the  oak  trunks  ;  twenty  years  ago  it  was  quite  common  on 
certain  oaks  here,  but  it  seems  to  get  less  common  eveiy  year. — A.  Thubnall. 

Triogma  trisulcata,  Schiim.,  in  Perthshire. — When  I  introduced  this  fly  to 
the  British  List  in  the  April  iivimber  of  this  Magazine  {ante,  p.  84),  I  had  no 
expectation  of  taking  it  here — almost  at  my  own  door,  and  so  soon  after  writing 
my  note.  It  is  with  pleasure,  therefore,  that  I  record  five  specimens  taken  to-day 
on  a  marshy  piece  of  ground  lying  just  outside  this  town.  This  particular  spot 
has  yielded  me  several  "good  things,"  of  which  the  present  species  is  one  of  the 
most  interesting.  All  the  sijecimens  are  males,  and  were  found  flying  low  down 
over  moss  and  short  vegetation  growing  in  water.  I  hope  to  get  the  ? ,  and 
perhaps  the  larva.  The  latter  is  not  known  with  certainty,  but  the  supposed 
larva  has  been  described  by  de  Rossi  (Entom.  Nachr,  1876,  p.  31).  His  larva 
resembled  in  a  general  way  the  larva  of  Phalocrocera,  which  has  been  so  well 
described  by  Prof.  Miall.  All  my  specimens  show  a  faint  dorsal  abdominal 
stripe. — A.  E.  J.  Carter,  Blairgowrie  :  May  8th,  1912. 


Jlcuieu;. 

Genera  Insectorum,  Ease.  122nd,  Dermaptera  By  Malcolm  Burr,  D.Sc. 
112  pp.,  8  coloured  and  1  uncolovu-ed  Plates.  Wytsman,  Brussels,  1911. 
Pi'ice  fr.  44. 

The  appearance  of  this  memoir  must  be  hailed  with  satisfaction  by  every 
entomologist,  for  at  last  we  liave  in  oiu-  hands  a  comprehensive  and  authoritative 
accoiint  of  a  most  ditReult  and  much  neglected  group  of  insects.  Until  the  publi- 
cation of  Dr.  Burr's  volume  on  the  earwigs  of  India,  these  insects  had  never  been 
really  satisfactorily  figiired  except  in  a  few  isolated  descriptive  papers  and 
faunistic  works.  The  magnificent  plates,  the  work  of  the  accomplished 
Mr.  Edwin  Wilson  of  Cambridge,  which  accompany  the  text  of  Dr.  Burr's  latest 
monograph,  give  a  good  idea  of  the  remarkable  diversity  of  form  and  coloration 
existing  in  the  Dermaptera,  whilst  the  niunerous  outline  drawings  of  anatomical 
details  must  be  of  enormous  service  in  ekicidating  the  text,  clear  though  this 
is.  Dr.  Burr  has  devoted  many  years  to  the  study  of  the  Dermaptera,  and  during 
that  time  a  steady  stream  of  descriptive  papers  has  poured  from  his  prolific  pen. 
Some  measure  of  his  industry  can  ha  gained  from  a  consideration  of  the  fact 
that  out  of  the  143  genera  enumerated  in  this  memoir,  76  owe  their  origin  to  him. 
But  the  author  has  done  more  than  publish  descriptions  of  new  genera  and  new 
species,  for  he  has  thoroughly  revised  the  classification  of  the  families  into 
which  the  Dermaptera  are  divided,  and  has  reduced  to  order  the  chaos  in  which 
the  group  had  been  left  by  De  Bormans  and  Krauss.  In  his  introduction. 
Dr.  Burr  adequately  acknowledges  the  labom-s  of  Verhoeft'  and  Zacher  in  tlie 
vineyard,  which  he  might  almost  call  his  own,  and  has  succeeded  in  dovetailing 
their  conclusions  with  his  own  in  a  most  ingenious  manner.     It  speaks  well  for 

L  2 


140  [June, 

the  soundness  of  Dr.  Buir's  scheme  of  classification  that,  based  as  it  is  on  the 
extei'nal  features  of  both  sexes,  it  corresponds  in  the  main  with  Zacher's  scheme, 
which  is  based  entirely  on  the  male  genitalia.  When  two  systematists  working 
along  independent  lines  arrive  at  mvich  the  same  conclusions,  there  is  every 
r-eason  to  believe  that  their  system  of  classification  is,  to  a  considerable  degree, 
pei'manent  and  natural.  It  may  be  remarked  en  passant  that  the  author 
aniznadverts  strongly  on  Zacher's  practice  of  basing  new  genera  on  male  sexual 
characters  alone  ;  it  is  consequently  rather  a  shock  to  find  that  Dr.  Burr's  own 
definition  of  the  genus  Apterygida  is : — "  Resembles  Forficula  in  every  respect 
except  the  forceps  of  the  S ,  which  are  remote  and  slender." 

Our  author  divides  the  Dermaptera  into  three  sub-orders,  the  Arixeniina, 
the  Hemimerina,  and  the  Forficulina.  The  first  includes  the  remarkable  insect 
which  has  recently  been  found  in  the  axillary  pouches  of  the  hairless  Malayan 
bat,  Cheiromelcs  torquatus ;  the  second,  the  well-known  parasite  of  the  African 
rat,  Cricetomys  gamhiensis  ;  the  third,  the  earwigs  proper.  The  Arixeniina  should 
be  placed  next  the  Forficulina,  for  their  affinities  are  quite  undoubted. 
Hemimerus  occupies  a  far  more  isolated  position,  and,  in  the  reviewer's  opinion, 
deserves  to  have  equal  rank  with  the  Arixeniina  and  Forficulina  combined.  Its 
affinity  to  the  Blattidse,  though  remote,  is  perhaps  as  close  as  its  affinity  to  the 
earwigs  ;  the  deflexed  head  and  viviparous  habit  are  all  Blattid  characters. 
The  Forficulina  ave  divided  by  Dr.  Burr  into  three  super-families,  six  families, 
and  28  sub-families  ;  admirable  synoptical  keys  to  these  and  the  genera  guide  the 
student  through  a  maze  of  difficulties,  and  the  descriptions  of  the  genera  them- 
selves leave  little  to  be  desired.  It  only  remains  for  Dr.  Burr  to  put  the  crown 
on  his  protracted  labours  by  issuing  a  monograph  describing  all  the  known 
species  of  Dermaptera,  and  it  is  good  news  to  learn  that  this  monograph  is 
actually  being  written. 

It  is  an  ungrateful  task  to  point  out  the  faults  in  this  memoir,  but  we 
cannot  refrain  from  observing  that  misprints  occiu-  in  irritating  profusion  and 
the  index  is  not  very  reliable.  However,  these  are  minor  blemishes  in  one  of 
the  most  valuable  contributions  to  our  knowledge  of  insect  taxonomy  that  has 
appeared  in  recent  years. — R.  S. 


Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society  :  Meeting  held  in 
the  Royal  Institution,  Colquit  Street,  Liverpool,  Monday,  March  18th,  1912. — 
Dr.  P.  F.  Tinne,  Vice-President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  H.  S.  Leigh  read  a  paper  dealing  with  a  few  points  connected  with  the 
life-history  and  habits  of  the  leaf-insect,  Pulchriphyllium  crurifolium,  Serv.,  and 
the  pi-aying  insect,  Sphodromajitis  guttata,  Thunb.  After  remarking  that  the 
metamorphosis  of  the  leaf-insect  and  praying  insect  is  slight — young  individuals 
being  very  similar  to  the  adults  in  general  appearance — some  of  the  results  of 
breeding  experiments  with  these  insects  were  briefly  described.  The  wonderful 
similarity,  both  in  form  and  habits,  of  the  leaf-insect  to  various  plant  struc- 


1912.]  141 

tui-es,  was  remarked  upon,  and  it  was  pointed  out  that  development  is  slow  and 
requires  considerable  heat  and  moisture  for  its  continuance,  restricting  the 
geographical  distribution  of  these  creatures  to  some  of  the  islands  of  the 
Tropical  zone.  Sexual  dimorphism  is  very  pronounced,  the  females  being  large 
and  foliaceous,  whilst  the  males  are  much  more  elongate,  and  are  not,  therefore, 
so  leaf-like  in  appearance.  The  feeding  habits  of  S.  guttata  were  described  in 
some  detail,  as  were  also  the  methods  of  oviposition  obtaining  in  the  two 
families  under  consideration.  The  Mantidee  possess  some  strange  modifications 
in  structure  resulting  from  their  carnivorous  habits.  Thus,  the  front  legs 
which  are  modified  for  the  seizui-e  of  prey,  are  developed  to  an  extent  out  of 
all  proportion  to  the  same  limbs  in  other  insects.  The  Mantidse  enjoy  a  wider 
distribution  than  the  Phasmidse,  being  abundantly  represented  in  all  the 
warmer  regions  of  the  world,  including  South  Europe.  Dr.  P.  F.  Tinne  exhi- 
bited Lycsena  xgon  from  the  New  Forest  and  other  localities. — William 
Mansbkidge,  Hon.  Secretary. 


The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  : 
Thursday,  April  llth,  1912.— Mr  A.  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Step  exhibited  the  Crustacean  Squilla  desmarestii,  and  described  its 
Mantis-like  appearance  and  habits.  Mr.  Gibbs,  long  series  and  specimens  of 
Pieris  napi  from  various  British  localities,  and  pointed  out  their  racial  characters 
with  reference  to  various  continental  races  and  forms.  Mr.  Cowham,  hybrid 
Nyssia  zonaria  and  Biston  hirtaria,  varied  series  of  Hyhernia  leucophaearia  and 
H.  marginaria,  small  forms  of  Leucania  pallens,  probably  of  the  2nd  brood,  and 
bred  specimens  of  Zonosoma  pendularia  from  Oxshott,  referable  to  the  rosy  form 
var.  subroseata.  Mrs.  Hemming,  bred  series  of  Meliteea  aurinia;  the  Carlisle 
series  included  a  melanic  form  and  var.  virgata,  tlie  Welsh  series  included  forms 
with  very  red  groimd  coloiir,  and  the  Oxford  series  contained  very  pale 
specimens,  as  well  as  a  specimen  closely  resembling  M.  cinxia.  Mr  Quarrington, 
living  larvae  of  Bumicia  phlseas,  taken  wild  on  April  7th  and  10th.  Mr.  Newman, 
full-fed  larvEe  of  Abraxas  grossulariata,  kept  in  sleeves  outdoors,  and  living 
pupae  of  Dryas  paphia  and  M.  athalia.  Dr.  Chapman,  living  larvae  of  Leioptilus 
tephradactylus.  Mr.  Tonge,  a  branch  of  Viburnum  from  Tilgate,  with  four 
larvae  of  Mgeria  andrenseformis.  Mr.  Colthrup  noted  the  abundance  of  Biston 
hirtaria  this  season,  especially  around  London.  Mr.  R.  Adkin,  many  examples 
of  named  varieties  of  Britisli  Lepidoptera  to  illustrate  his  paper,  entitled 
"  Varietal  names  as  applied  to  British  Lepidoptera." —Ky.  J.  Turner,  Hon.  Sec. 


Entomological  Society  of  London:  Wednesday,  March  6th,  1912. — The 
Eev.  F.  D.  Morice,  M.A.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Fellows  of  the  Society : — Harold 
Hodge,  Chapel  Place  Mansion,  322,  Oxford  Street,  W. ;  Samarenda  Maulik 
(Calcutta),  c/o  Messrs.  T.  Cook  &  Son,  Ludgate  Circus,  E.C.  ;  Roland  T.  Smith, 
54,  Osbaldeston  Road,  Stoke  Newington,  N. 


142  fJune, 

Mr.  Donistliorpe  exhibited  a  specimen  of  Catops  montivagus,  Heei%  new  to 
the  British  list,  taken  at  Nethy  Bridge,  on  June  27th  last,  under  a  dead  squirrel. 
Also  C.  tristis,  Panz.,  for  comparison,  the  nearest  species  previously  known  as 
British.  Professor  Poulton,  the  first,  and  a  part  of  the  second,  of  three  families 
of  P.  dardanus.  Brown,  bred  from  hippocoon,  F.,  females  in  the  Lagos  district  by 
Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn.  He  stated  that  these  three  families  were  the  fu'st  successf td 
attempt,  outside  Natal,  to  breed  P.  dardanus  from  a  known  female  parent. 
Professor  Poulton  drew  attention  to  the  following  letter,  received  by 
Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn  from  Captain  H.  V.  Neal : — "  You  have  asked  me  about 
monkeys  eating  biitterflies.  This  is  very  common  as  eveiy  native  will  tell  you. 
I  have  seen  it  myself.  The  monkey  runs  along  a  path,  sees  some  butterflies 
fluttering  round  some  filth,  goes  very  quietly,  and  seizes  one  by  the  wings,  puts 
the  solid  part  (body)  into  his  mouth,  and  then  pulls  the  wings  off.  The  poor 
butterfly  goes  down  like  an  oyster."  Professor  Poulton  said  that  he  had  now 
submitted  to  Professor  E.  Newstead  some  of  the  Coccids  which  formed  the  food 
of  8.  lemolea,  H.  H.  Druce.  They  had  been  sent  in  spirits  by  Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn 
and,  although  unfortunately  badly  attacked  by  fungus,  had  been  placed  without 
hesitation  in  the  gentis  Dactylopius  by  Professor  Newstead.  Professor  Poulton, 
examples  of  Eurytela  dryope,  Cramer,  and  E.  hiarbas,  Drury,  bred  by 
Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn  in  the  Lagos  district.  Mr.  Lamborn  had  bred  considerable 
families  of  dryope  three  times,  and  hiarbas  once  from  known  female  parents. 
The  dryope  parents  produced  nothing  but  dryope,  the  hiarbas  nothing  but  hiarbas. 
It  was,  therefore,  almost  certain  that  the  two  forms  were  distinct  species,  at  any 
rate  in  the  Lagos  district.  Professor  Poulton,  specimens  of  /'seudacrxas, 
captured  on  December  3rd,  10th,  and  17th,  1911,  by  Dr.  Carpenter,  in  the  primitive 
forest  which  still  exists  in  the  centre  of  Damba  Island.  Mr.  A.  Gibbs,  two 
specimens  of  the  scarce  butterfly,  Baronia  brevicornis.  Mr.  Douglas  Pearson,  a 
drawer  of  aberrations  of  the  genera  Melitsea  and  Erebia,  amongst  which  were 
some  striking  forms  of  E.  stygne,  E.  ceto,  and  M.  varia,  as  well  as  a  remarkably 
variegated  ?  of  M.  aurelia,  generally  speaking  the  most  constant  of  the  group. 
Dr.  Jordan,  on  behalf  of  Dr.  Malcohn  Burr,  two  specimens  of  a  new  Dermapteron, 
discovered  in  vast  numbers  in  a  cave  in  Java,  for  which  a  new  sub-order  is 
required. 

Wednesday,  March  20th,  1912. — The  President  in  the  Chair. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Fellows  of  the  Society : — 
Messrs.  T.  W.  Allen,  M.A.,  30,  Blenheim  Gardens,  Cricklewood,  N.W.  ;  Edward 
Stuart  Augustine  Baynes,  120,  Warwick  Street,  Eccleston  Square,  S.W. ;  Gerald 
Bedford,  Entomologist  to  the  Union  of  South  Africa  Dept.  of  Vetei-inary  Science, 
Churchfelles,  Horley,  and  Oudestepoort,  Transvaal ;  Capt.  Kenneth  Alan 
Crawford  Doig,  E.A.M.C,  M.E.C.S.,  F.E.C.P.,  Villa  Sorrento,  York  Eoad,  Woking ; 
Messrs.  Herbert  L.  Earl,  35,  Leicester  Street,  Soiithport,  Lanes. ;  C.  Jemmett, 
Ashford,  Kent,  and  South-Eastern  Agricultural  College,  Wye,  Kent ; 
E.  D'A.  Morrell,  Authors'  Club,  1,  Whitehall  Court,  S.W. ;  Charles  A.  Schunck, 
Ewelme,  Wallingford.  The  death  was  announced  of  Mr.  H.  J.  Adams,  of 
Eoseneath,  Enfield. 


1912]  i4,-4 

Commander  J.  J.  Walker  exhibited  specimens  of  Claviger  longicornis,  Miill. 
(with  C.  testaceus,  PreyssL,  for  comparison),  a  species  of  Coleoptera  new  to  the 
British  list.  They  were  taken  iinder  stones  near  Kirtlington,  Oxfordshire,  in 
May,  1906,  and  April.  1907,  in  nests  of  small  black  ants  of  a  species  not 
determined,  but  suggested  by  Mr.  Donisthorpe  to  be  Lasius  umbratus. 
Mr.  Donisthorpe,  specimens  of  Microdon  mutabilis  bred  in  his  observation  nest 
of  Formica  fusca  from  Porlock,  also  the  nest  itself,  with  the  ants  and  a  live  larva 
of  Microdon  taken  at  Porlock,  April  27th,  1911,  and  pvipa  cases  and  larvae  of  the 
fly  in  spirit.  Mr.  W.  C.  Crawley  said  that  he  had  found  one  larva  in  a  nest  of 
Myrmica  ruginodis  instead  of  the  iisual  host  Formica  fusca.  Prof.  Poulton,  the 
following  Lepidoptera  with  the  "  Neptis  "  pattern,  collected  by  C.  A.  Wiggins 
near  Entebbe  ;  all  the  specimens  had  been  captured  in  forests  within  a  few  miles 
of  Entebbe,  between  May  23rd  and  July  2oth,  1909: — Neptidopsis  ophione,  Cram., 
Neptis  melicerta,  Drury ;  N.  agatha,  StoU. ;  N.  meteila,  Dbl.-Hew. ;  N.  7iicomedes, 
Hew.,  var.  quintilla,  Mab. ;  N.  nemetes,  Hew.  ;  N.  saclava,  Boisd. ;  N.  nysiades, 
Hew.,  ab.  continuata,  Holl. ;  N.  puella,  Aiu-iv.  ;  Deilemera  leuconoe,  Hopif.  ;  D. 
transitella,  Strand.  Neptis  nicomedes,  nysiades  ab.  continuata,  and  puella,  were 
closely  similar,  and  woidd  be  indistingaiishable  upon  the  wing.  The  two  Hypsid 
moths  pi'esented  a  rough  approximation  to  the  pattern.  Professor  Poidton,  the 
male  and  female  types  of  Neptis  sivynnertoni,  a  new  species  from  S.E.  Rhodesia, 
described  by  Mr.  Roland  Trimen,  F.R.S.,  together  with  a  specimen  captured  in 
thegarden  at  Chirinda  (3800  ft.)  on  March  28th,  1911,  by  Mr.  C.  F.  M.  Swynnerton. 
Prof.  Poulton,  Tirumala  formosa,  Godm.,  and  its  mimic  Papilio  rex,  Obth.,  from 
the  Kikuyu  Escarpment,  near  Naii-obi,  British  East  Africa ;  the  same  Danaine, 
and  the  transitional  Papilio  commixta,  Auriv.,  from  Nyangori,  at  the  N.E.  corner 
of  the  Victoria  Nyanza  ;  T.  mercedonia,  Karsch,  and  Papilio  mimeticus,  Rothsch., 
from  Buddu  on  the  W.  shore  of  the  lake  ;  and  T.  morgeni,  Honrath,  with  three 
of  its  Amauris  models — psyttalea,  Plotz,  hecate,  Butler,  and  an  imdetermined 
species,  probably  new,  from  the  Cameroons.  Professor  Poulton,  the  three  largest 
Lycaenidse  captured  by  Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn,  and  suggested  that  an  undetermined 
pupa  in  the  nest  of  (Ecophylla  might  possibly  belong  to  one  of  them.  The  three 
large  species  were  Epitola  honoriiis,  F.,  male  and  female,  E.  posthumus,  F.,  male, 
and  Hewitsonia  boisduvali.  Hew.,  male  and  female.  Mr.  Lamborn's  notes  on  the 
two  females  showed  a  remarkable  degree  of  sluggishness.  Professor  Poulton, 
a  male  Amauris  egialea,  Cram.,  recently  received  from  Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn.  The 
"  paper  "  enclosing  the  specimen  bore  the  following  note : — "  8  a.m.  Half  mile 
[from  Oni  clearing] ;  Janiiary  30,  1912.  Observed  flying  up  and  down.  It 
then  settled  on  upper  surface  of  leaf  and  started  to  pass  its  brushes  to  and  fro 
over  its  scent-patches,  exactly  as  Amauris  niavius  did.  Wings  were  rather  over- 
flexed."  Dr.  F.  A.  Dixey  and  Professor  Kellogg  commented  on  this  exhibit. — 
G.  Wheeler,  Hon.  Secretary. 


144  [June,  1912. 

ANOTHER   HUNDRED   NEW   BRITISH    SPECIES   OF   DIPTERA. 

BY    THE    LATE    G.    H.    VERRALL,    F.E.S. 

{Continued  from  Vol.  xlviii,  page  59) 

52.  T.  pnllinosus,  n.  sp. :  Eather  dull  green.  This  species  may  be 
known  at  once  by  its  duller  green  appearance ;  the  face  has  the  upper 
part^  distinctly  duller  than  in  T.  Lietus.  Discal  vein  not  so  curved, 
and  the  discal  cross-vein  hardly  more  than  twice  its  own  length  from 
the  wing  margin.  Arista  pointed,  and  with  its  basal  joint  small ;  third 
antennal  joint  small.  Bristles  on  the  head  and  thorax  all  yellow  ; 
acrostichal  bristles  rather  strong  (especially  the  hinder  ones)  and  about 
eight  in  number.  Legs  paler  than  in  T.  lietus  (especially  on  the  tarsi)  ; 
coxse,  trochanters,  extreme  base  and  about  apical  third  of  femora,  and 
anterior  tibia;  orange  to  pale  brown,  hind  tibiae  slightly  darker,  tarsi 
all  brownish  orange ;  front  coxae  bearing  longer  and  coarser  orange 
pubescence.  Genital  lamella?  yellow,  with  long  thin  side-processes 
which  have  two  very  long  hairs  proceeding  from  each  of  them.  The 
female  may  be  icnown  by  its  dullish  colour,  pointed  arista,  and  straight 
discal  vein. 

Col.  Yerbury  caught  three  males  and  five  females  at  Aviemore  on 
July  18th  to  21st,  1905,  and  one  male  at  Nairn,  while  a  pair  occurred 
at  Devereux  Pool  in  Herefordshire  on  July  5th,  1909. 

These  additions  will  bring  the  British  species  of  Thrypticus  iip  to 
four,  but  I  suspect  the  existence  of  three  others  of  which  I  do  not 
possess  sufficient  material.  I  have  three  males  and  two  females  of  a 
very  small  species  allied  to  T.  pollinosus  from  the  New  Forest,  two 
very  distinct  looking  males  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Porthcawl  in 
Jime,  1906,  and  an  apparently  very  distinct  male  from  the  Norfolk 
Broads  (Ormesby),  taken  by  me  on  June  22nd,  1881. 

T.  hellus  I  possess  from  numerous  localities  extending  from  Dorset 
to  Nethy  Bridge,  and  I  have  examined  nearly  fifty  specimens. 

53.  Medeterus  infumahis,  Lw. :  A  few  specimens  of  this  species 
were  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Nethy  Bridge  in  June  and  July,  1905. 
It  may  be  distinguished  from  the  "  truncorum  "  group  of  species  by  its 
entirely  black  legs. 

54.  M.  nitidtis,  Macq. :  Mr.  Donisthorpe  bred  three  females  of 
this  little  known  species  in  1910,  but  I  do  not  at  present  know  where 
the  larvae  were  found.  I  have  not  the  slightest  doubt  but  that  they 
are  British. 

55.  M.  excellens,  Frey. :  This  very  distinct  species  was  taken  very 


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—J.  R.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  F.E.S 121 

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A  new  British  Tipulid.—Z»r.  ^.  ^er^ro^,  C.M.Z.S 133 

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— H.  Q.  Champion    138 

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A  note  on  Xenolechia  scalella,  Sc. — Id 139 

Triogma  trisulcata,  Schum.,  in  Perthshire. — A.  E.  J.  Carter 139 

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D.Sc.,&c 139 

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South  London  Entomological  Society    141 

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Another  hundred  new  British  species  of  Diptera  {continued). —  The  late   &.  H. 

Verrall,  F.E.S 144 

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July   1912.]  145 

sparingly  by  Mr.  C.  G-.  Lamb  at  Nethy  Bridge  in  June,  1905,  but  was 
only  described  by  Frey  in  1909  from  Finland.  The  remarkable 
swelling  of  the  postical  vein  in  the  male  and  the  pale  halteres  dis- 
tingiiish  it. 

When  Mr.  Verrall  wrote  the  above  the  female  of  M.  excellens  was  \inknown, 
but  on  September  3rd,  1911,  at  Nethy  Bridge,  Col.  Yerbviry  caught  both  sexes, 
and  an  examination  of  the  female  proves  that  it  does  not  resemble  x)allix>es  (as 
suggested  by  Frey)  so  much  as  it  does  apicalis,  differing  from  the  former  in  its 
larger  size,  postical  cross-vein  nearer  the  wing-margin,  and  abdomen  not  so 
metallic  coloiu-ed  ;  from  ajpicalis  it  appears  to  differ  chiefly  in  having  a  white 
post-ocular  ciliation,  and  knees  more  narrowly  pale.  The  colouration  of  the 
legs,  however,  varies,  the  majority  having  the  four  posterior  tibiae  and  3 — 4 
basal  joints  of  tarsi  yellowish,  with  indications  of  a  brownish  ring  at  base  and 
tip  of  tibise,  but  the  hind  legs  are  always  slightly  darker  than  the  middle  legs 
and  occasionally  tlie  hind  legs,  except  the  knees,  are  entirely  darkened,  and 

the  middle  legs  very  extensively  darkened.     The  postical  vein  is  simple. — 

J.  E.  Ci 

56.  Telmaturgus  tumidulus,  Radd. :  Col.  Yerbury  found  this 
species  about  the  margins  of  a  pond  on  Rempstone  Heath  in  Dorset- 
shire in  August,  1909,  and  upon  a  visit  there  Mr.  Collin  took  a  fair 
number  of  specimens.  The  genus  Telmaturgus  is  closely  allied  to 
Sympycnus  and  Syntonuon,  but  the  male  is  distinguished  by  the  eyes 
being  touching  almost  all  down  the  face  and  by  the  knobbed  arista, 
while  the  females  have  the  face  prodiiced  as  in  Synarthrns,  but  have 
the  arista  placed  nearer  the  base  of  the  third  antennal  joint ;  and  in 
neither  sex  is  the  second  joint  of  the  antennae  pushed  thumblike  into 
the  third. 

57.  Campsicnemus  compeditus,  Lw  :  A  male  of  this  remarkable 
species — almost  as  remarkable  as  G.  matjius — was  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury 
at  Studland,  Dorset,  on  June  9th,  1907.  G.  tnagius  is  not  uncommon 
on  black  mud  on  the  east  coast. 

58.  G.  manjinatus,  Lw :  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  has  sent  me  three 
males  of  this  well-marked  species,  which  were  taken  at  "  Churchyard 
Dingle,"  June  22nd,  1908  ;  Monnow,  July  30th,  1908  ;  and  Moseley 
Mere,  September  19th,  1910.  It  is  recorded  from  Germany  and  Austria, 
but  apparently  not  since  nearly  fifty  years  ago. 

59.  Teuchophonis  calcaratus,  Macq.  :  I  anticipated  as  far  back  as 
1876  that  this  species  woidd  occur  in  England,  and  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood 
found  it  in  the  Monnow  Valley,  Herefordshire,  while  I  have  taken  it, 
not  at  all  uncommonly,  in  company  with  all  the  other  species  of  the 
genus,  except  T.  simplex  (which  occurs  within  a  mile),  at  Snailwell 
near  here. 


146  [July, 

60.  Aphrosyltis  mitis,  u.  sp.  :  A  small  species  allied  to  A.  ferox. 
Antennae  all  black.  Legs  yellowish  with  the  tibiae  brown,  and  the 
femora  of  the  female  brown. 

cJ.  Palpi  silvery  with  a  slight  yellowish  tinge,  smaller  than  in  A. 
ferox.  Antennae  small,  blackish,  third  joint  pointed  but  only  as  narrow 
at  the  tip  as  the  basal  joint  of  the  arista,  the  rest  of  the  arista  tapering 
and  rather  longer  than  (or  equal  to)  the  rest  of  the  antennae  (including 
the  basal  joint  of  the  arista).  Face  whitish  grey,  extremely  narrow  at 
the  middle  or  the  eyes  touching.  Lower  postocidar  bristles  all  short 
and  pale  greyish  yellow ;  ocellar,  fronto-orbital,  and  posterior  vertical 
bristles  shorter  than  in  A.ferax,  and  a  short  postocular  row  extending 
half-way  down  the  head. 

Thorax  darker  (browner)  grey  than  in  A.  ferox. 

Abdomen  with  the  genitalia  hardly  at  all  knobbed  and  with  no 
large  lobe,  small,  greyish  black  but  ferruginous  and  minutely  pubes- 
cent at  the  end. 

Legs  luteous  (compared  with  orange  ferruginous  in  A.  ferox),  but 
the  tibiae  all  darkened ;  coxae  with  a  slaty  grey  hue  except  at  the  tip, 
but  reddish  at  the  base  of  the  front  pair,  which  are  glossed  with 
white  anteriorly,  and  on  which  the  tiny  black  anterior  bristles  may  be 
stronger  but  less  numerous  than  in  A.  ferox ;  front  femora  with  one 
black  spine  beneath  at  the  base,  but  with  the  other  tiny  black  bristles 
not  specialised  and  without  any  row  of  longer  ones  beneath  (which  are 
present  in  A.  ferox)  ;  front  tibiae  with  one  small  dorsal  bristle  at  about 
one  third  from  the  base,  and  a  small,  inconspicuous  apical  spur,  while 
any  dorsal  or  ventral  ciliation  is  so  slight  as  to  be  not  noteworthy  ; 
front  tarsi  quite  simple,  slightly  longer  than  the  tibiae,  basal  joint 
slightly  longer  than  the  next  two  together,  and  these  two  almost  equal 
in  length,  fourth  joint  the  shortest ;  middle  legs  simple,  femora  with- 
out any  of  the  bristles  beneath  which  occur  in  A.  ferox,  though  a  slight 
praeapical  bristle  occurs  on  the  femora  and  two  small  bristles  on  the 
tibiae  at  about  one  third  from  the  base  ;  middle  tarsi  longer  than  the 
tibiae,  last  joint  hardly  dilated  ;  hind  legs  thin  and  simple,  femora 
with  a  slight  row  of  (about  three)  rather  long  antero-dorsal  bristles 
on  the  apical  half,  and  the  tibiae  with  a  pair  of  bristles  at  about  a 
third  from  the  base ;  hind  tarsi  long  and  thin,  basal  joint  only  equal 
in  length  to  the  next  two  together. 

Wings  smoky ;  costa  with  only  short  regular  equal  spines  (as 
distinguished  from  the  Helomyza-like  double  i"ow  of  spines  in  A.  ferox). 
Squamae  greyish  brown ;  halteres  yellow. 


1912.]  147 

?  .  Palpi  comparatively  small,  blackish  with  a  tinge  of  yellow 
and  with  slight  yellow  pubescence. 

Eyes  distinctly  though  I'ather  narrowly  separated  by  the  pale 
grey  or  brownish  yellow  face.  Legs  with  even  the  front  coxae  grey, 
except  at  the  tip,  but  more  yellowish  posteriorly  ;  all  femora  darkened 
except  about  the  tip,  front  femora  simple  and  almost  straight,  with 
only  one  (instead  of  three  as  in  A.  ferox)  strong  bristle  beneath  near 
the  base,  or  with  one  smaller  one  in  addition,  but  with  three  rather 
thin  long  postero-dorsal  (one  just  before  the  middle,  and  the  others 
between  that  and  the  tip)  ;  front  tibiae  straight  and  simple,  with  one 
moderately  short  spur,  and  one  small  slight  dorsal  bristle  just  before 
the  middle,  and  with  slight  postero-dorsal  and  ventral  cihations  on 
the  whole  length ;  posterior  tibiae  with  slighter  bristles,  but  the  front 
trochanters  more  bristly  than  in  A.  ferox.  Squamae  greyish  yellow. 
Length  about  1.5  mm. 

This  species  is  easily  distinguished  from  A.  ferox  in  the  male  by 
its  simple  hypopygium,  normal  front  tarsi,  unarmed  middle  femora, 
and  simple  front  tibiae ;  the  female  is  also  distinguished  by  the  com- 
paratively unarmed  front  femora,  and  liy  the  front  tibiae  having  only 
a  short  apical  spur. 

A.  mitis  is  very  abundant  on  the  sides  of  the  River  Deben,  in 
Suffolk,  about  halfway  between  Woodbridge  and  the  mouth  of  the 
river.  It  was  taken  on  June  30th,  1907,  and  June  28tli,  1908,  and  it 
also  occured  at  Walton-on-Naze,  on  June  5th,  1908. 

60rt..  Callimyia  elegans,  Meig.  This  may  now,  in  my  opinion, 
be  definitely  accepted  as  a  British  species.  The  male  has  orange 
halteres,  but  may  be  distinguished  from  G.  amoena  by  the  abdomen 
having  a  silvery-grey  patch  at  each  side  of  the  hind  margin  of  the 
third  and  fourth  segments,  the  patch  on  the  fourth  segment  being  the 
more  obvious  one,  while  the  thorax  bears  no  praesutural  grey  spot 
above  the  wing-base,  C.  amcena  (  ^ )  has  a  large  grey  patch  on  the 
sides  of  the  fore  margin  of  the  second  abdominal  segment  and  similar 
(but  smaller)  spots  on  the  fore  margins  of  the  fourth  and  fifth  seg- 
ments, and  also  has  an  obvious  praesutural  grey  spot  above  the 
wing-base.  I  place  infinitely  more  faith  in  the  slight  silvery-grey 
markings  of  the  male  than  I  did  in  1900.  Col.  Yerbury  took  four 
males  at  Porthcawl. 

(To  be  continued). 


148  [July. 

A   TABLE    OF    THE   BRITISH   SPECIES   OF   THE   COLEOPTEROUS 
GENUS   GTROPHMNA,   Mann. 

BY    NORMAN    H.    JOY,    M.R.C.S.,    F.E.S. 

In  the  following  table  of  the  British  species  of  Gyropheena, 
Mann.,  it  will  be  noticed  that  there  are  two  additions  to  the  list,  one 
of  which  is  new  to  science.  G.  hihamata,  Th.,  is  probably  mixed  with 
G.  Isevipennis,  Kr.,  in  most  collections,  as  the  females  are  very  much 
alike,  but  the  males  are  easily  distinguished  by  the  shape  of  the  6th 
(free)  segment  of  the  hind  body ;  I  have  seen  specimens  from  Berks, 
Hants,  near  Cardiff  (Tomlin),  and  Westmorland  (Day,  who  noticed 
the  peculiar  (^  characters  some  time  ago).  G.  convexicoUis,  sp.  n.,  is 
probably  rare,  as  it  occurs,  like  its  nearest  ally,  G.  lucidula,  Er.,  in 
marshy  places.*  I  have  taken  three  males  from  flood- rubbish  at 
Tlieale  and  Thatcham,  Berks.,  and  it  has  occurred  to  Commander 
Walker  at  Yarnton,  near  Oxford,  in  April,  1907,  among  wet  dead 
sticks  in  a  swamp. 

In  the  accompanying  illustrations  of  the  last  two  dorsal  segments 

of  the  hind  body  of  the  males,  the  under-plate  of  the  last  segment  is 

not  shown.     In  the  table  the  "  6th  segment  "  refers  to  the  6th  free 

segment,  which  is  the  last. 

Table. 

I. — Penultimate  joints  of  antennce  not  transverse,  5th  joint  longer  than  broad. 

i.  Elytra  extremely  finely  punctui-ed.     Length,  2'4 — 2'8mm.... 

pulchella,  Heer. 

ii.  Elytra    alutaceous    and    with    diffuse  rather    lai'ge    shallow  punctures. 
Length,  I'o — 2  mm affinis,  Mann. 

II. — Penultimate  joints  of  antennae  distinctly  transverse,  5th  joint  transvei-se. 
i.  Head  slightly  transverse ;  temples  more  than  half  the  diameter  of  the 
eyes,  which  are  smaller  and  less  prominent. 

1. — Thorax  and  elytra  very  scantily  pubescent ;  thorax  pitchy  black. 

...strictula,  Er. 

2. — Thorax  and  elytra  i-ather  closely,  finely  but  distinctly,  pubes- 
cent; thorax  reddish  yellow Isevicollis.  Kr. 

ii.  Head  sti'ongly  transverse,  temples  very  short,  hardly   one  quarter  the 
diameter  of  the  eyes,  which  are  larger  and  more  prominent. 

1. — Thorax  entirely  and  diffusely  punctured  with  large  punctures, 
which  are  not  arranged  in  two  rows  on  disc. 

A. — Colour  pitchy  black,  elytra  slightly  lighter... manca,  Er. 

B. — Colour  yellow,   head,  postero-external  angles   of    elytra, 
and  4th  segment  of  hind  body,  pitchy. 


*  I  have  recently  taken  fifty  .specimens  of  G.  lucidula  from  two  small  white  fungi  growing 
on  a  water-soaked  log  at  the  side  of  a  lake  at  Englefield,  Berks. 


1912.]  149 

a.  Eyes  smaller  and  less  prominent ;  elytra  only  slightly  longer  than 
thorax.     Length,  1 — 1'4  mm minima,  Er. 

b.  Eyes  larger  and  more  prominent;  elytra  distinctly  longer  than 
thorax.     Length,  I'o — 2  mm. 

a*.  Elytra     almost    impunctate,    except    at    postero  -  external 

angles    poweri.  Crotch. 

b*.  Elytra  rather  closely  punctiu-ed  throughout... 

fasciata,  Marsh. 
2. — Thorax  with  two  rows  of  punctures  on  each  side  of  disc,  or  with 
two  large  punctures  near  the  base,  sides  quite  or  almost  im- 
punctate. 

A. — Elytra  entirely  punctured,  more  strongly  and  closely  near 
postero-external  angles . 
a    Elytra  rather  strongly  and  rugosely  pvinctured. 

a*.  Colour  lighter ;  elytra  very  finely  akitaceous  between  the 
punctures  ;  5th  segment  of  hind  body  in  J  with  two 
small    tubercles    in    centre,   and   a   ridge   on   each    side. 

Length,  2 — 2'5  mm gentilis,  Er. 

b*  Colour  darker  ;  elytra  smooth  between  the  punctures ; 
5th  segment  of  hind  body  in  <?  with  six  ridges.     Length, 

1'8 — 2"2  mm nana,  Payk. 

b.  Elytra  finely  and  not  rugosely  punctured .fasciata,  Marsh. 

B. — Elytra  only  punctured  near  postero-external  angles. 
a.  Hind  body  black,  1st  and  2nd  segments  sometimes  pitchy. 

a*.  Elytra     and    hind    body    scarcely    punctured.       Length, 

1 — 1'3  mm lucidula,  Er. 

b*.  Elytra  and  hind  body  distinctly  punctured.     Length,  I'o — 

1"8  mm convexicollis,  sp.  n. 

h.  Hind  body  with  at  least  1st  and  2nd  segments  reddish-yellow. 

a*.  Sides  of  thorax  straight  for  hinder  two-thirds ;  antennae 
slightly  thicker  and  lighter  ;  thorax  generally  pitchy 
black ;  (?  with  5th  segment  of  hind  body  with  six  very 
small  round  tubercles  ;  6th  segment  notched  at  apex... 

Isevipennis,  Kr. 
b*.  Sides  of  thorax  slightly  rounded ;  antennae  slightly  narrower 
and   darker ;  thorax   generally  pitchy  red ;    c?    with   5th 
segment  of  hind  body  with  six  short  ridges,  6th  segment 
terminating  in  two  long  narrow  processes... 

bihamata,  Th. 


The  new  species  may  be  described  thus  : — 

Gr.  CONVEXICOLLIS,  Sp.  11. 
Broad,  pitchy-black,  elytra,  except  postero-external  angles,  rather  obscurely 
yellowish  ;  first  two  segments  of  hind  body  sometimes  pitchy  red ;  antennae 
yellow,  fuscous  at  apex  ;  legs  yellow.  Pentdtimate  joints  of  antennae  distinctly 
transverse  ;  thorax  strongly  transverse,  more  convex  than  in  any  of  its  allies, 
with  a  more  or  less  distinct  row  of  punctures  on  each  side  of  disc,  or  only  one 
large  puncture  on  each  side  near  base,  sides  impunctate ;  elytra  transverse, 
alutaceous,   diilusely  but  distinctly  and  rather  deeply  pimctiired  at  postero- 


150 


[July, 


external  angles,  impunctate  in  scutellaiy  region  ;  hind  body  alutaeeons,  finely 
and  rather  closely  punctured ;  (?  with  the  5th  (free)  dorsal  segment  of  hind 
body  with  four  small  round  tubercles  near  posterior  margin  ;  6th  terminating 
in  two  sharp  teeth  separated  by  a  considerable  interval.     Length,  I'o — 1'8  mm. 


1. 

G.  pulchella. 

8. 

G.  fasciata. 

2. 

G.  affinis. 

9. 

G.  gentilis. 

3. 

G.  stridula. 

10. 

G.  nana. 

4. 

G.  laevicollis. 

11. 

G.  lucidula. 

5. 

G.  manca. 

12. 

G.  convexicollis. 

6. 

G.  minima. 

13. 

G  Iseinpennis. 

7. 

0.  poweri. 

14. 

G.  hihaniata. 

Bradfield,  Berks. 

May,  1912. 

STROPHOSOMUS    CURVIPES :  A    COLEOPTERON    NEW   TO   BEITAIN. 


BY    DAVID    SHARP,    M.A.,    F.R.S. 

When  collecting  with  Mr.  Ford  near  Bournemouth  two  or  three 
weeks  ago,  I  picked  up  a  pair  of  a  small  Strophosonms  which  struck  me 
at  once  as  being  different  from  anything  I  had  met  with  before,  and 
on  comparing  it  with  various  descriptions  I  find  it  to  agree  perfectly 
with  Bedel's  S.  curvipes  (Faune  Col.  Seine,  vi,  p.  46).  The  species  is 
remarkable  by  the  comparatively  narrow  prothorax  with  much  rounded 
sides,  and  by  the  strongly  curved  anterior  tibiae  of  the  male.  The 
female  has  a  small  bare  carinule  at  the  base  of  the  thorax,  but  this  is 
scarcely  indicated  in  the  male.  The  nearest  ally  seems  to  be  the  common 
8.  coryli,  but  in  appearance  8.  curvipes  more  resembles  8.  fulvicornis, 
from  which  it  is  distinguished  by  the  form  of  the  thorax  and  elytra,  by 
the  different  setae  on  the  elytra,  and  by  the  male  tibiae.  S.  curvipes 
was  first  described  by  C.  J.  Thomson,  and  Bedel  applies  Thomson's 
name  to  the  insect  I  am  writing  about.  But  I  admit  that  I  have  grave 
doubts  as  to  whether  Thomson's  insect  is  really  the  same  as  Bedel's. 
According    to    Bedel     8.    haudueri     Desb.,     briefly     diagnosed    by 


1912.]  151 

Desbi'ocliers  (Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  1874,  p.  cxcviii),  is  this  species, 
but  the  diagnosis  has  nothing  characteristic.  The  species  seems  to  be 
very  rare  and  little  known.  Bedel  mentions  a  pair  found  in  connection 
with  Erica  cinerea  on  a  very  sandy  place  at  Fontainebleau.  Although 
the  name  is  a  little  doubtful,  the  species  is  certainly  a  valid  one,  and 
we  may  register  it  at  present  as  curvipes  with  a  reserve  of  doubt  as  to 
Thomson.  The  synonymy  of  the  species  of  this  genus  is  very  uncertain. 
In  the  European  Catalogue  (2nd  Ed.,  622),  fulvicornis,  Walton  is 
placed  as  a  synonym  of  capitatus  ;  and  mfipes  Steph.  is  given  as  a  dis- 
tinct species.  Yet  rufipes  Steph.,  and  fulvicornis  Walton,  appear  to 
be  really  one  and  the  same.  As  there  appears  to  be  much  misunder- 
standing as  to  8.  fulvicornis,  I  may  here  mention  that  it  is  a  perfectly 
good  species,  distinguished  by  possessing  only  very  minute  short  setae, 
which  mostly  arise  from  the  punctures,  not  from  the  interstices  between 
the  striae.  I  have  recently  taken  here,  on  stunted  oaks  and  birches,  a  very 
fine  series  in  perfect  condition.  No  other  species  occurred  with  it  except 
the  ubiquitous  8.  coryli.  Two  species  from  Spain  in  Mr.  Champion's 
collection,  both  named  curvipes  for  him  by  a  continental  authority,  are 
quite  different  from  the  Bournemouth  insect.  As  8.  ciirvipes  is  from 
Scandinavia,  it  is  not  very  probable  that  the  Spanish  examples  are 
either  of  them  correctly  determined. 

Brockenhurst  .- 

May  29»i,  1912. 


k 


COLEOPTERA    IN   DEVONSHIRE. 
BY    PHILIP    DE    LA    GARDE,    R.N.,    F.E.S. 

Despite  the  great  scarcity  of  beetle  life  last  year,  in  this  County  at 
any  rate,  there  are  a  good  many  fresh  locality  records  which  may  be 
worth  noting  as  well  as  the  few  additions  (marked  with  an  asterisk)  to 
the  County  List  which  I  can  report. 

At  Braunton  during  the  first  three  months  of  the  year  : — *Oxypoda  lentula 
(one),  Calodera  riparia,  *Bledius  longulus  (one),  Oxytelus  sculptus  (one),  and 
Silpha  tristis  (one),  on  the  Burrows ;  one  Haliplus  heydeni  in  a  marsh  drain  ; 
several  Atemeles  emarginatus  under  stones  on  top  of  nests  of  Myrmica  ruginodis ; 
two  Rhizophagus  perforatus  in  elm  sawdust ;  Homalota  silvicola,  H.  occulta, 
H.  villosula,  Encephalus  complicans,  Agathidiuvi  Imvigatum,  Olihrus  particeps, 
*Longitarsus  patruelis,  and  Ceuthorrhynchus  euphorhiae  (one)  in  moss,  &c. 


152  f-'"^y' 

During  April  and  May  at  Avonwick,  near  South  Brent  : — one  Megarthrus 
denticollis  in  window ;  Bemhidium  punctulatum,  Hydrsena  nigrita,  Homalota 
camhrica,  H.  exilis,  Lesteva  puhescens,  L.  fontinnlis  (one),  Choleva  angustata  (one), 
and  Elmis  volhnari,  on  the  banks  of  and  in  the  River  Avon  ;  Homalota  elegantula 
(one),  Meligethes  umbrosus  (one),  Phyllotreta  tetrastigma,  and  CeutJiorrhynchus 
setosus  (one)  by  sweeping ;  Stomis  2nimicatus  and  Pselaphus  heisei  (one)  nnder 
stones;  Anaspis  geoffroyi  on  apple  blossom;  Oxypoda  vittata  (five),  Homalota 
oMongiuscula,  H.  silvicola,  *H.  hepatica  (one  J),  H.  xanthopus,  *H.  intermedia 
(recorded  on  p.  66  of  last  year's  Ent.  Mo.  Mag-.,  Init  not  marked  as  new  to 
County),  * Eusphalerum  primulse  one),  Agathidium  nigrinum  v.  ruhicund^im, 
Eeitt.  (one),  and  Choleva  coracina,  in  sugar  traps  in  a  wood ;  Rhizophagxis 
depressus  and  R.  ferrugineus  under  fir  bark ;  remains  of  a  Clinocara  undulata 
under  oak  bark  ;  and  an  Acupalpus  meridianus  in  the  garden — this  species 
appears  to  be  exceedingly  scarce  throughout  Devon.  One  *Phlieopora  angusti- 
formis,  Baudi,  Avas  taken  from  a  branch  amongst  flood  rubbish  in  Sept.,  1908. 

At  BuCKFASTLEiGH  fi'om  Junc  to  September  : — Laccobius  ytenensis  (common), 
Helophorus  arvernicus  (several),  Hydrochus  nitidicollis  (in  quantity  in  one  veiy 
restricted  spot),  Hydreena  testacea,  H.  nigrita,  H.  britteni  (one),  H.  atricapilla, 
*Callicerus  rigidicornis,  Homalota  luteipes,  Myllsena  kraatzi,  Philonthus  micans, 
Oxytelus  rugosus  v.  terrestris,  Ancyrophorus  omalinus,  and  Cilea  silphoidcs  (from 
moss  as  at  Christow  in  1907)  on  the  banks  of  and  in  the  River  Dart ;  Mycetoporus 
longulus,  Lathrobium  angustatum,  L.  quadratum,  Sitones  camhricus,  Gymnetron 
ieccabu7igse  v.  veronicse,  G.  labilis  (one),  Poophagus  nasturtii,  and  Ceuthorrhynchus 
melanostictus,  from  marshy  ground ;  Olibrus  particeps,  Meligathes  gagatimis 
(two),  M.  viduatus  itwo),  M.  umbrosus  (one),  Aphodius  sticticus,  Phyllotreta 
ochripes,  Apion  subulatum,  A.  vicix,  A.  filirostre,  Tychius  tomentosus,  T.  pygmmus, 
by  general  sweeping,  and  one  Crijptophagus  setulosus  by  sweeping  at  dusk ; 
Ocypus  comjjressus  under  stone  ;  Orthochsetes  setiger  in  moss  ;  Necrophorus  inter- 
Tuptus  (one)  flying  at  dusk  ;  one  Casskla  heinisphserica  from  mint  in  the  garden  ; 
one  Leptidea  brevipennis  in  the  house  (probably  from  a  hamper  which  had 
travelled  widely) ;  two  Phlxopora  angustiformis  and  several  *Scolytus  pruni  and 
*8.  riigulosus  from  decaying  apple  boughs  ;  two  Pityogenes  bidentatus  (dead) 
from  a  fir  branch  at  Gallantry  Bower. 

One  Laccobius  purpurascens  was  obtained  at  Exmouth  in  October ; 
one  Arena  octavii  on  Dawlish  Warren  in  November;  and  one  Homalota 
oblongiuscula  in  fungus  in  Stoke  Wood,  near  Exeter,  in  December. 

Oxypoda  vittata  and  Lesteva  fontinalis  were  omitted  to  be  noted  from  flood 
rubbish  at  Christow  ;  and  Cassida  hemisphserica  from  Shaldon. 

My  thanks  are  again  due  to  Mr.  E.  A.  Newbery  for  liis  great 
kindness  in  verifying  difficult  species. 

8.  Queen's  Terrace,  St.  David's,  Exeter  : 
June  3rd,  191.2. 


1S12.1  153 

HELP-NOTES   TOWAEDS   THE   DETERMINATION   OF   BRITISH 
TENTHREDINID^,   &c.      (29.) 

BY    THE    REV.    F.    D.    MORICE,    M.A.,    F.E.S. 
ALLANTV8,     JURINE,     AND     TENTHREDO,     L. 

Most  species — or  at  any  rate  most  British  species — of  Allantvs 
may  be  easily  known  from  those  of  Tenthredo  by  their  wasp-lite 
coloration,  and  short  sub-clavate  (or  sub-fusiform)  antennae,  with  a 
long  slender  3rd  joint,  and  the  penultimate  joints  (6,  7,  8)  quite 
remarkably  sliort  and  thick.  In  Tenthredo  the  antennae  are  generally 
longish  ;  and  their  penultimate  joints,  though  shorter,  are  scarcely  if  at 
all  thicker  than  tlie  third.  The  colour,  too,  is  very  seldom  wasp- 
like, tlie  abdomen  being  generally  quite  ])lack,  or  red  and  black,  or 
green  and  black.  Yet  there  are  cases  in  which  it  is  difficult  to 
employ  the  above  characters  ;  and,  in  fact,  tl;e  most  experienced 
systematists  have  disagreed  as  to  the  exact  dividing  line  between  the 
two  genera,  though  fortunately,  these  differences  of  opinion  affect  the 
position  of  two  only  among  our  native  species.  These  two,  until  the 
year  1888,  were  placed  by  all  authors  in  the  group  now  called  Ten- 
thredo ;  but  were  then  transferred  by  Konow  (followed  by  Dalla 
Torre,  Costa,  etc.)  to  AUantus,  and  there  remained  until  Dr.  Enslin, 
the  latest  monographist  of  the  latter  genus,  re-transferred  them  in 
1910  to  Tenthredo.  My  Table  of  Generic  Characters  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag., 
August,  1903)  was  drawn  up  after  correspondence  with  Konow  and 
under  the  influence  of  his  views ;  but  even  then  I  felt  and  expressed 
some  difficulty  about  bringing  T.  maculata  under  Konow' s  definition 
of  Allantxis,  and  I  am  now  convinced  by  Dr.  Enslin's  Memoir,  and  by 
correspondence  which  I  have  since  had  with  him,  that  it  is  best  to 
refer  both  maculata  and  the  other  species  which  Konow  made  into  an 
Allantus,  viz.,  temula,  Rossi  (=  bicincta,  Cam.,  etc.),  not  to  Allantus, 
but  to  Tenthredo. 

Allantus,  Jur.,  is  a  group  which  is  rather  poorly  represented  in 
this  country,  but  flourishes  exceedingly  all  round  the  Mediterranean, 
and  throughout  the  warmer  parts  of  the  Palaearctic  region  generally. 
In  such  districts  its  species  are  not  only  more  namaerous,  but  also 
far  more  diversified,  both  in  colour  and  structure,  than  with  us.  Our 
species  (except  the  ^  of  flavipes)  are  invariably  black  and  yellow 
simply,  but  in  the  South  there  are  many  more  or  less  red-bodied 
forms,  and  a  few  entirely  black  or  violaceous,  &c. 

On  the  other  hand,  Tenthredo  spp.  seem  to  become  rare  south  of 


154  [July, 

the  Alps.  In  Central  Europe,  many  of  tliem  are  very  common ;  and 
of  these  a  considerable  number  are  well  established  with  us,  while 
others  occur  from  time  to  time,  but  on  the  whole  must  be  regarded  as 
rarities. 

I  will  now  attempt  to  diagnose,  in  a  single  Synoptic  Table  for 
both  Grenera,  such  species  as  I  think  have  any  claim  to  ran];:  as 
British.  Especially  in  the  case  of  AUantus,  I  have  found,  by  examina- 
tion of  the  actual  specimens,  that  many  old  records,  hitherto  accepted 
as  correct,  simply  rest  on  mis-identifications ;  and  others  have 
pretty  certainly  arisen  from  the  accidental  admission  of  foreign  speci- 
mens, without  tickets  indicating  their  origin,  into  the  cabinets  of 
British  collectors  (especially  Leach  and  Stephens).  Afterwards,  as  in 
my  previous  papers,  I  shall  add  a  few  notes  on  particular  species. 

SYNOPTIC   TABLE   OF   BRITISH   ALL  ANT  US   AND    TENTHREDO,    spp 

1.  AntenniB  short  and  more  or  less  incrassate  before  the  apex  (joints  6,  7,  8 

very  miich  shorter  but  evidently  broader  than  joint  3  ! )  Stigma  always 
yellow,  at  least  at  its  base.  Abdomen  aZwaj/s  more  or  less  banded 
with  yellow {AUantus)  2. 

—  Antennae  nearly  always  long  and  scarcely  (or  not  at  all)  incrassate  before 

the  apex  (joints  6,  7,  8  almost,  or  quite,  as  slender  as  joint  3!). 
Stigma  often  fuscous.     Abdomen  seldom  banded  with  yellow. . . . 

{Tenthredo)  13. 

2.  Head,  in  both  sexes,  much  dilated  behind  the  eyes  (viewed  from  above,  its 

sides  converge  from  back  to  front ! ).  Head,  antennae,  thorax  (except  the 
cenchri),  base  apex  and  whole  ventral  surface  of  abdomen,  and  bases  of 
all  legs,  black.  The  yellow  markings  are  confined  to  one  or  two  dorsal 
abdominal  segments,  and  the  middle  parts  of  the  legs  (tibiae,  tarsi,  and 
extreme  apices  of  the  front  femora) — Very  rare,  if  really  British ;  I 
know  of  no  recent  captures  in  these  islands  A.  rossii,  Pz. 

—  Head  not,  or  scarcely,  dilated  behind  the  eyes.     Yellow  markings  much 

more  copious  than  in  rossii    3. 

3.  Flagellum  of  antennae  fulvous  (orange  or  red  brown) 4. 

—  At  least  joints  3  to  9  of  antennae  black    5. 

4.  Large  and  handsome  (wasp-like)  species  (11-15  mm.  long).     Tegulae,  and 

most  of  the  abdominal  segments  (at  their  apices,  broadly)  bright  yellow. 
— Not  uncommon  in  S.  England    A.  scrophularise,  L. 

—  Rather  smaller  and  darker  (10-12  mm.  long),  Tegulae  black  ;  yellow  bands 

not  so  regular,  and  that  on  segment  5  often  wanting.  (Hind  tarsi 
rufescent  in  both  sexes)     A.  omissus,  Forst. 

5.  Abdomen  black  at  the  base,  red  in  the  middle,  and  yellow  at  the  apex.... 

A.  flavipes,  Fourcr.  <J 


155 

1913.] 

—  Abdomen  witli  no  red  markings,  only  black  and  yellow 6. 

6  Hind  femora  always  black  or  streaked  with  black "• 

-  Hind  femora  (and  practically  the  whole  of  all  the  legs)  yellow.     Abdomen 

with  broad  yellow  fascia  much  dilated  laterally,  on  all  the 
segments  except  the  basal.  (Tempera  not  sharply  margined  behind ! ) 
Pronotimi  widely,  tegiiloj,  and  two  basal  joints  of  antemiEE  yellow.... 

A.  flavipes  ?  . 

7  Some  segments  of  abdomen  entirely  black  ;  others  yellow,  or  banded  more 

or  less  broadly  with  yellow,  these  bands  being  nearly  equally  broad 
throughout  (not  more  so  laterally  than  in  the  middle!).  Tegulaj,  or 
mesopleuraj,  or  ventral  plates  of  abdomen,  or  all  these,  often  black 
entirely  

—  Variable  in  colour,  but  the  abdominal  fasciae  are  (n.b.)  always  much  dilated 
laterally,  so  that  the  sides  of  the  insect  are  yellower  than  its  back. 
(Generally  each  segment  is  very  narrowly  edged  with  yellow  above, 
while  the  sides  and  belly  show  more  yellow  than  black).  The  teguloe* 
and  mesoplevu-se  are  ahvays  marked  with  yellow.  The  seixtellum  and 
the  two  basal  joints  of  the  antennae  may  be  either  black  or  yellow.  (If 
both  scutellum  and  antenna  are  entirely  black  it  is  the  var.  7iitidior  of 
Knw.)r-An  extremely  common  species  everywhere  ....arcwatus,  Forst. 

8  Upper  wings  distinctly  (though  it  may  be  slightly)  infuscated  in  certain 
areas,  and  clear  in  others.  Head  and  thorax  pretty  strongly  punctured, 
and  either  dull  or  only  slightly  shining 9' 

—  Wino-s  without   definite   infuscations.     Head   and   thorax   very   shining, 

^                                                                                                                            12 
almost  inipuuctate 

9.  Tegulse  black.    Scutellum  generally  marked  with  yellow 10. 

—  TegulEe  never  black.     Sctitellum  generally  immaculate    11. 

10.  Hind  tarsi  of  3  always  black  (in  the  female  they  are  reddish).     Head  and 

mesonotiun  in  both  sexes  slightly  shining  between  the  punctures.  A 
brightly  coloured  insect,  generally  with  a  broad,  yellow  apical  band  on 
the  propodeum  and  each  of  the  segments  following  it,  except  the  1st, 
2nd,  and  5th  (that  on  the  4th,  especially  in  the  S3,  is  frequently 
interrupted  in  the  middle  ! ).  Occasionally  the  mesopleurae  are  slightiy 
spotted  behind  with  yellow :  in  more  typical  specimens  they  are  im- 
maculate. Labrum  sometimes  very  dusky,  but  this  character  also 
varies.     10-11  mm.  long A.  marginellus,  K\. 

—  Hind  tarsi  reddish  in  hoth  sexesl  Exceedingly  like  marginellus  but 
the  puncturation  of  head  and  mesonotum  coarser  and  more  rugose,  so 
that  the  surface  looks  duller.  (The  antennae  are  variable  in  colour,  the 
flagellvun  being  either  black  or  fulvous.  In  marginellus  it  seems  to  be 
always  black!)     A  omissus,  Forst. 

11.     Abdomen    coloured    much    as    in    marginellus     and     omissus,     but    the 

*A   .chacffn-i,  Kl.,  which  has  been  recorded  as  British  (but   I  ^eHeve   erroneously)  is  PracticaUy 
flTrge  and  highly  coloured  arcuatus  but  with  black  tegute.    See  Notes  following  this  Table. 


156  [July. 

yellow  bands  are  usually  narrower  (linear)  and  that  on  segment  4 
entire  in  both  sexes.  Its  surface  is  much  duller  (opaque ! )  and 
its  general  appearance  darker,  though  the  tegulse  (as  well  as  the 
hind  tarsi)  are  not  black,  but  yellowish  or  reddish.  In  the  upper 
wings  a  long  and  conspicuous  dusky  streak  rims  first  along  (under) 
the  subcosta,  then  crosses  the  base  of  the  cubital  ai-ea,  and  then  follows 
the  radius  up  to  tlie  ajiex  of  the  ^ving.  (The  meiapleurse  are  marked 
with  yellow,  but  the  wiesopleiu'se  are  immaculate.)     10-13  mm.  long... 

A.  vespa,  Retz. 
(^=  tricinctus,  F.) 

—  A  much  smaller  species  than  vespa,  about  9  mm.  long.    Abdomen,  with  the 

three  segments  following  the  propodeum,  black,  the  fourth  entirely 
yellow,  and  the  fifth  black.  The  tegulse  and  the  two  basal  joints  of 
the  antennae  are  bright  yellow.  (The  metapleurse  immaculate ! )  Head 
and  thorax  as  in  vespa,  opaque,  coarsely  and  rugosely  punctixred.  Hind 
tarsi  and  apex  of  tibia  reddish  in  the  9  .  (I  do  not  know  the  J  and 
can  find  no  description  of  it) A.  zona,  Klug. 

12.  Sviperficially  very  like  zona,  but  at  once  separable  from  it  by  the  smooth 

and  shining  head  and  mesonotiun.  Tegulse  entirely  yellow.  Antennae 
with  the  scape  only  yellow,  and  even  that  is  genei-ally  marked  behind 
with  black.  Stigma  parti-colovired,  the  base  yellow,  the  apex  fuscovis. 
In  both  sexes,  as  in  zo7ia,  the  three  segments  following  the  propodeum 
are  black,  and  the  fourth  entirely  yellow.  The  apical  segments  are  en- 
tirely black  in  the  S ,  marked  with  yellow  in  the  ?  .  In  both  sexes, 
rather  more  than  the  apical  half  of  the  hind  femur  is  black,  as  are  also 
the  apices  of  the  tibiae  and  tarsi A.  distinguendus,  v.  Stein. 

—  Tegulae   only  edged  with  yellow.     Closely  related  to  distinguendus,  but 

larger  (10-12  mm.  long).  In  the  ^  the  apex  of  the  abdomen  is  marked 
with  yellow  (in  distinguendus  it  is  immaculate).  The  ?  differs  fi'om 
distinguendus  in  having,  like  the  ?  $  of  most  species,  rufescent  (not 
black)  apices  to  the  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi,  and  is  luilike  that  or  any 
other  species  in  the  colovir  of  the  fourth  abdominal  segment  after  the 
propodeum,  which  is  (n.b.)  yellow  at  the  base  and  black  at  the  apex  ! 
(In  the  (? ,  as  in  distinguendus,  zona,  etc.,  this  segment  is  entirely  yellow.) 
The   above  characters  appear  to  be  constant,  but  in  other  points  of 

coloration  the  species  is  rather  variable A.  amaenus,  Gravenh. 

(=  cingulum,  Kl.) 

13.  Abdomen  black,  with  a  broad  central  yellow  band,  covering  at  least  the 

whole  of  one  dorsal  plate  and  the  sides  of  that  which  follows  it 14. 

—  Abdomen  never  broadly  banded  with  yellow.     (Generally  that  colour  is 

absent  altogether,  except  in  faded  specimens  of  originally  green  species, 
and  in  these  it  never  takes  the  form  of  a  broad  transverse  band  ...  15. 

14.  Large  species  (12-15  mm.  long).     The  abdominal  yellow  band  occupies  at 

least  two  segments  in  tlie  $  and  four  in  the   <? ,  and  is  continiied  across 


1912.]  157 

the  ventral  plates  as  well  as  the  dorsal.  The  tegulse  are  white  or 
yellowj  and  the  scutellum  bears  a  round  pale  yellow  spot... 

T.  maculata,  Geoffr. 

—  Much  smaller   (9-11   mm.  long).      The   central    yellow   abdominal   band 

occupies  only  one  dorsal-plate  (the  next  but  one  after  the  propodeum) 
and  the  sides  of  that  following  it.  The  venter  is  unbanded  (black  in 
the  ? ,  sordid  yellow  in  the  J  )  ■  The  tegulse  and  scutellum  are 
generally  black,  the  apical  abdominal  segments  yellow  above.  (The 
antennse  in  this  species  are  distinctly  incrassate  before  the  apex,  as  in 
Allantus  :  but  it  differs  from  any  of  our  British  Alla7itus  spp.  in  having 

the  stigma  completely  fuscous  ! ) T.  teniula,  Scop. 

(^  hicincta,  F. 

15.  Body  green  and  black,  the  green  fading  in  old  specimens  to  a  sordid  straw- 

yellow.    (Scutellum  green) 16. 

—  No  part  green.     (Scutellum  nearly  always  black,  but  in  one  species  bright 

yellow.)  The  usual  coloration  is  red  or  black,  or  a  combination  of  these 
colours,  with  occasionally  a  little  white  on  the  antennse,  pronotum, 
pleurae,  coxae,  &c 17. 

16.  Stigma,  antennae,  and  most  of  the  body  above  black  (the  sides  and  belly 

mostly  green).  Eatherlike  a  dark  specimen  of  Rhogogaster  viridis,  but 
easily  distinguished  by  its  converging  eyes  and  fuscous — not  green — 
stigma.     An  exceedingly  common  species T.  mesomela,  L. 

—  Stigma,  antennae  in  part,  and  most  of  the  body  (above  as  well  as  beneath) 

olive-green:  dorsum  of  abdomen  usually  with  a  rather  narrow  black 
central  vitta   T.  olivacea,  Htg. 

17.  Antennae  entirely  black 18. 

with  some  joints  white  or  yellow,  at  least  beneath 21. 

18.  Clypeiis  and  labrum  black,    contrasting   strangely    with    the   mandibles, 

which  are  yellow T.  mandibularis,  P2. 

—  Clypeus  and  labriun  white  or  yellow 19. 

19.  Abdomen   entirely  black,   legs   red.     (If  there  be  a  white   mark  on  the 

metapleura,  the  insect  is  the  variety  dispar,  Kl.)  T.  atra,  L.   ? 

—  Abdomen  black  and  red 20. 

20.  Edge  of , pronotum  and  tegulaj  black   T.  aim,  L,  i 

—  Edge  of  pronotum  yellow  or  white,  tegulae  red  (or,  in  var.  lachlaniana  Cam., 

white) T.  moniliata,  Kl. 

21.  Antennte  with  joints  8,  7,  and  the  apex  only  of  6,  white.     Abdomen  of   <? 

black  at  the  base,  the  intermediate  and  apical  segments  red  (often 
somewhat  pallid  in  the  centre  of  the  intermediate  segments) :  that  of 
the  ?  may  be  black  entirely,  or  the  apical  half  may  be  red.  Sides  of 
propodeum  and  metapleura  marked  with  white.  Stigma  pale  at  the 
base  T.  livida,!,. 


158  [July. 

—  Antenna^  with  the  whole  of  joints  8,  7,  and  6  white  or  yellow,  but  joint 

5  entirely  black    22. 

—  Antennae   with   the   oth  joint   white   or   yellow,    at    least    at   the    apex   or 

beneath 23. 

22.  Scutellum  1/eHow  (n.b.  ! ).     Tegulse  and  abdomen  of   ^  black... 

T.  fagi,  Pz. 
(=  solita/ria.  Cam.  nee  Scop.) 

—  Scvitellum    black.      Tegulse   rufescent.      Apical  segments  of    9    abdomen 

red    T.  colon,  Kl. 

23.  Metapleiira3  white.     The  antennas  are  altogether  white  or  yellow   at  the 

apex,  and  all  the  joints  from  the  4th  (or  even  part  of  the  3rd)  to  the 
apex  are  pale  beneath.  The  $  abdomen  is  mostly  red,  that  of  the 
9  usually  mostly  black T.  velox,  F. 

—  Metapleurae  quite  black     (No  white  spot ! ) 24. 

24.  Larger  (11-12  mm.  long).     Mesopleurffi  conspicuously  and  sharply — even 

angularly — protuberant.     Antennae  black  at  the  apex ;  but  joints  7,  6, 

and  5,  yellow.     Tegulffi  yellow  or  white T.  ferruginea,  Schr. 

(=  rufiventris,  F.) 

—  Smaller  (8-10  mm.  long).     Mesoplevirse  not  very  protuberant.     Antennae 

mostly  pale,  from  joint  5  to  the  apex.  Tegulae  dusky.  (Thomson 
says  they  are  whitish  in  the  S  >  but  this  is  not  the  case  with  my  British 
specimens!)  T.  balteata,  Kl. 

NOTES. 

A.  rossii,  Pz.  The  Dale  Collection  at  Oxford  contains  a  S  of  tliis  species 
called  "tenulus"  (sic!)  and  a  female  called  "viduus."  {Viduus,  Rossi,  is  a 
synonym  of  bifasciatus,  Miill.  It  is  a  South  European  species,  with  much 
darker  wings  than  those  of  rossii  and  the  tibiae  of  the  hind  legs  only  yellow.) 

A.  fiavipes,  Fourcr.  I  have  a  ^  from  the  Oxford  district,  and  a  ? 
from  Colchester  (Harwood). 

A.  schacfferi,  Kl.  I  have  seen  the  specimens  referred  by  Mr.  Cameron  to 
this  species,  but  they  are  certainly  examples  of  marginellus.  Their  ventral 
segments  are  black  in  both  sexes,  whereas  in  schacfferi  ^  the  venter  is  entirely 
yellow,  and  in  the    ?    it  is  banded  with   that  colour. 

A.  marginellus,  Kl.  According  to  Mr.  Cameron's  Vol.  IV,  the  marginellus 
of  his  Vol.  II  is  really  omissus.  I  possess  British  specimens  {S  S  and  ?  ?  )  of 
both  these  species.  Marginellus  has  been  taken  by  Mr.  G.  Arnold  in  the  New 
Forest,  and  also  by  the  late  Mr.  RoUason  near  Truro ;  omissus  by  the  late 
Mr.  McLachlan  (Blackheath)  and  by  Dr.  Capron  (?  Shiere,  Siu-rey). 

A.  zona,  Kl.  This  is  the  quadricinctus  of  Cam.,  Vol.  II.  I  have  only 
foreign  (Swiss)  specimens  myself,  which  are  all  ?  ?  .  The  J  was  unknoAvn  to 
Klug,  and  apparently  also  to  Thomson,  Cameron,  and  Andi'c.  No  author  whom 
I  have  consulted  describes  it! 

A.  distinguendus,  v.  Stein.     I  have  a  ?  taken  by  myself  at  Virginia  Water, 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag,,  1912,  Plate  VII. 


AGEIADES   GRAVESI   AND   A.   ESCHERI. 


Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  1912,  Plate  VIII. 


'  ^   ;^^ 

\i  \ 

~^^ 

Wj\ 

■  rX 

BtSr'^^'illR^mKaa 

km 

[ft°     i\ 

/ 

m^ 

/ 

AGRIADES   GRAVESI   AND   A.   ESCHERI. 


1912.]  159 

and  a  J  from  coll.  Capron.  Probably  it  is  the  zonula  of  Cam.  {nee  Kl.).  The 
true  zonula,  Klug,  is  common  in  Switzerland  and  South  Europe,  but  I  cannot 
certify  it  as  British.  It  is  very  like  distinguendus,  but  {inter  alia)  differs  by 
having  the  hind  femora  almost  entirely  yellow,  only  their  actual  apices  being 
black  in  either  sex. 

A.  amcenus,  Gravenh.  (=  einguluni,  KL,  Cam.,  Andre,  &.C.).  Seems  to  be 
commoner  than  distinguendus,  but  still  decidedly  rare.  It  occurs  in  Surrey  and 
Sussex  (Capron,  Bloomfield,  &c.).  A  J  in  coll.  Capron  has  the  5th  abdominal 
segment  as  well  as  the  4th  entirely  yellow. 

T.  maculata,  Geoffr.  The  yellow  in  this  species  is  very  apt  to  become  dis- 
coloured (brown)  soon  after  death.  The  same  is  the  case  with  the  somewhat 
similar  continental  form,  T.  flava,  L.  (with  yellow  antennte!).  The  latter 
beautiful  species  is,  I  fear,  not  British  ;  though  it  is  recorded  as  such  by 
Stephens,  and  there  is  a  specimen  of  it  in  his  collection — probably  one  of 
Dr.  Leach's  Italian  captures  ! 

T.  mandibularis,  Pz.     Taken  by  Lt.-Col.  Nurse  last  year  in  Essex. 

T.  fagi,  Pz.  The  antennffi  in  this  species,  though  long,  are  distinctly  in- 
crassate  before  the  apex.  It  is  described  by  Cameron  under  the  name  solitaria. 
Scop.  But  according  to  Konow  and  Enslin  the  true  solitaria  =  coryli,  Pz. — a 
quite  difFerent  species.  I  have  many  continental  specimens  of  the  latter,  but 
do  not  believe  it  is  British,  thoiigh  Cameron  gives  it  as  such  (under  the  name 
coryli),  on  the  authority  of  Stephens.  A  g  of /agi  from  Pelham  Wood,  Lincoln- 
shire, June,  1909,  was  sent  to  me  for  determination  by  Mr.  Claude  Morley,  (I 
have  taken  a  ?  of  it  in  Germany  while  visiting  the  late  Pastor  Konow.) 

T.  colon,  Kl.  I  have  seen  two  ?  ?  from  Yorkshire  sent  me  for  identifica- 
tion in  September,  1909,  and  I  think  Mr.  Bloomfield  has  also  taken  it. 

T.  velox,  F.  My  British  specimens  are  all  from  Scotland  (Eannoch,  Donis- 
thoi'pe).     It  is  a  common  Alpine  insect. 

(To  be  continued). 


AGRIADES    GRAVE  SI,    n.  sp.  :    A   NEW   LYC^NID. 
BY    T.    A.    CHAPMAN,    M.D. 
-  (Plates  VII,  VIII). 

At  first  glance  tliis  species  resembles  closely  on  the  upperside 
Polyommafus  icarus  ;  on  the  underside  the  suggestion  is  Aricia  medon. 
It  is,  however,  not  a  Polyommatus  or  an  Aricia  but  an  Agriades,  and 
is,  indeed,  nearest  to  A.  escheri.  It  has,  in  some  respects,  much  resem- 
blance to  A.  actinides,  of  which,  however,  I  have  been  unable  to  obtain 
a  male  specimen  for  dissection.     From  actis  it  seems  very  distinct. 

The  specimens  available  are  three  males  and  one  female.  One 
male  expands  27  mm.,  the  other  three  specimens,  30  mm. 


IGl)  [July, 

Male.  Upperside,  a  clear  bright  violet  blue,  rather  more  violet  than  in  the 
violet  fornls  of  icarus.  Aboiit  No.  506  of  Klinksiecfs  "  Code  of  Coloui-s,"  but 
with  a  difficulty  of  comparison  due  to  the  metallic  brilliancy  of  the  butterfly. 
The  fringe  is  divided  into  an  inner  and  outer  line  :  the  outer  light  grey  (whitish 
scales  tipped  with  blackish),  the  inner  nearly  black  ;  without  a  lens  this  appears 
to  be  a  black  margin  of  the  wing  itself.  In  one  specimen  there  are  no  other 
markings ;  in  another,  there  are  small  black  marks  on  the  hind  wings  in  the 
spaces  close  to  the  hind  margin  ;  they  are  six  in  number ;  this  is  a  variation 
well  known  in  icarus,  thetys,  and  other  blues.  The  veins  do  not  stand  out  as 
paler,  really  more  shining  lines,  as  they  commonly  do  in  icarus. 

S  ■  Underside :  the  underside  very  closely  resembles  that  of  medon,  and  it 
is  cvu'ious  that  the  upperside,  especially  as  regards  the  fringes,  is  not  vmlike 
sarta,  another  Aricia.  It  also  resembles  hunza  and  icarus,  both  of  which  are 
Polyonimatus. 

In  comparing  it  with  medon,  the  upper  wing  presents  no  points  of  differ- 
ence. The  hind  wing,  however,  has  the  spot  in  space  6-7  in  normal  sequence, 
not  advanced  basally  (as  in  medon,  close  to  that  in  space  7-8).  The  basal 
margins  of  the  orange  spots,  which  are  as  bright  as  and  otherwise  very  similar 
to  those  of  medo7i,  with  their  white  and  black  marginal  lines,  are  more  rounded, 
not  with  a  basally  pointing  angle  as  in  viedon.  The  white  dash  in  space  3-4  is 
close  to  4,  and  though  it  is  continuous  with  the  white  circles  roimd  the  spots 
in  3-4,  4-5,  it  is  smaller  and  shorter  than  in  medon,  and  can  barely  be  said  to 
enter  space  4-5,  and  is  quite  separate  from  the  orange  marginal  spot  in  4-5. 

Ill  general  appearance  and  markings  the  species  is  nearest  to 
actinides,  which  I  have  Httle  doubt  is  a  closely  allied  species,  although 
I  have  been  unable  to  obtain  a  ^  oi  that  species  for  dissection.  It 
differs  in  the  orange  marginal  markings  in  the  male,  being  very  weak 
in  actinides,  in  the  white  dash  on  the  hind  wing  being  much  more 
extensive,  and  especially  in  the  row  of  discal  spots  beneath  the  fore 
wing,  being  quite  free  of  the  marginal  spots,  and  in  curving  very 
strongly  basally  towards  the  costal  extremity.  This  latter  is  a  specific 
character  that  cannot  be  disregarded. 

The  female  upperside  is  of  a  brown-black,  with  a  faint  trace  of  discal  spots 
that  one  rather  imagines  than  sees,  and  a  marginal  row  of  orange  spots  not 
unlike  those  of  g  medon  when  fully  expressed ;  there  are  five  on  the  upper 
wing,  tlie  most  costal  very  small.  On  the  hind  wing  are  also  five,  their 
marginal  ends  are  hollowed,  and  a  wliitish-bluish  curved  line  facing  the  hollow 
encloses  a  black  spot  (of  the  general  wing  colour).  The  underside  differs  from 
that  of  the  male  in  being  darker  (the  two  corresponding  very  nearly  to  the 
lightest  and  darkest  undersides  of  medon  varieties),  and  in  the  orange  spots 
being  more  pronounced. 

In  comparison  with  actinides  (I  have  only  one  specimen  of  each 
before  me)    the  female  has  the  orange   marks  above   smaller,    very 


1912.]  161 

much,  however,  for  size  and  distinctness,  like  Groum-GI-rshimailo's 
figure  in  the  fourth  volume  of  the  Eomanoff  Memoirs.  Neither  in 
my  specimen  or  in  the  figure  of  adinides  is  any  trace  of  the  completion 
of  the  ocelli  on  the  hind  wing  as  in  gravest.  Beneath  they  are  much 
alike,  with  the  same  difierences  as  in  the  male,  viz.,  in  gravesi,  row  of 
spots  (upper  wing)  less  incurved  at  costa,  white  dash  (hind  wing) 
shorter,  red  marginal  spots  well  developed  up  to  costa  fore  wing,  and 
all  the  markings  brighter  and  crisper  and  more  like,  in  that  respect, 
medon.  The  ?  adinides  may  not  be  so  fresh,  but  it  seems  in  fine 
condition. 

In  gravesi  ?  the  outer  fringe  which  is  white,  in  (^  is  dark  on  fore 
wing,  except  at  extreme  apex,  and  has  a  good  deal  of  dark  shading  in 
hind  wing,  but  may  be  called  white.  In  adinides  $  specimen  and 
figure  it  is  white,  faintly  tinted  in  specimen.  There  is  on  both 
surfaces  of  A.  adinides  $  a  faint  trace  of  blue,  that  is  wholly  wanting 
in  A.  gravesi. 

Icarus,  amor,  and  venus,  in  various  respects  resemble  gravesi. 
The  most  obvious  point  of  difference  is  in  the  presence  in  them  of  the 
basal  spots  beneath  fore  wing,  but  this  is  too  variable  a  character  to 
have  much  value  ;  the  real  distinction  is  that  they  belong  to  the  genus 
Polyommatus,  and  gravesi  is  an  Agriades.  These  two  genera  are  at 
once  recognisable  by  the  genitalia,  the  form  of  the  sedoeagus  being 
characteristic  (Ent.  Rec,  Vol.  xxii,  p.  100).  The  genitalia  of  gravesi 
are  remarkably  close  to  those  of  escheri,  and  though  the  general 
aspect  of  the  two  species  is  very  different,  in  essentials  (pattern  of 
markings,  &c.),  they  are  certainly  very  close.  Escheri  has  also  many 
local  varieties,  some  of  which  make  a  certain  approach  to  gravesi,  and 
as  it  is  not  known  so  far  east  as  the  habitat  of  gravesi,  we  may,  with- 
out calling  them  conspecific,  regard  gravesi  as  representing  escheri. 

The  principal  difference  between  the  appendages  of  gravesi  and 
escheri  is  in  the  terminal  serrations  of  the  clasps.  I  have  found  no 
specimen  of  escheri  identical  in  this  feature  with  gravesi,  but  there  is  a 
good  deal  of  variation  in  this  structure  in  escheri,  and  no  very  great 
further  variation  in  one  direction  would  make  them  alike.  We  may 
take  it,  however,  that  this  further  variation  on  the  part  of  escheri 
would  carry  it  beyond  its  present  specific  boundaries.  A  point,  whose 
importance  it  is  diflBcult  to  weigh,  is,  that  the  whole  appendages  in 
gravesi  are  smaller  than  those  of  escheri,  about  as  6  to  6.  Such  a 
difference  does  not  always  imply  specific  distinction. 

The  coloured  figures  show  upper  and  undersides  of  (J  and   ?  ,  and 


162  [J«iy. 

a  variety  of  the  underside  in  our  specimen,  showing  that  in  this  as  in 
so  many  "  Blues,"  the  alignment  of  the  spots  beneath  the  disc  of  fore 
wing  is  liable  to  vary  from  its  normal  disposition. 

In  the  Plates  of  the  appendages  Figs.  1,  2,  and  3  are  gravesi,  and 
4,  5,  and  6  are  escheri  ;  1  and  4  are  the  whole  appendages  X  15  ; 
2  and  5  without  the  clasps  x  30  ;  and  3  and  6  the  extremities  of  the 
clasps,  figs.  2  and  5.  If  allowance  be  made  for  escheri  being  the  larger 
as  6  to  5,  there  is  very  little  difference  between  the  two  species,  even 
that  between  the  serrated  ends  of  the  clasps  is  slight.  In  fig.  2  the 
veiy  definitely  Agriadid  structure  of  the  sedceagus  is  obvious  (the  two 
black  marks  in  the  sedoeagus  are  air  bubbles  accidentally  admitted  in 
preparing  the  specimen).  In  figs.  3  and  6  no  value  attaches  to  the 
differences  in  the  soft  extremity  of  the  clasp  terminating  the  soft 
middle  of  the  clasp,  as  these  take  all  sorts  of  forms  according  to  acci- 
dents of  preparation  of  the  specimen. 

The  specimens  were  captured  by  Mr.  P.  P.  Graves  (of  Constanti- 
nople) at  6,400  ft.  at  the  Cedars  of  Lebanon,  at  the  end  of  August, 
1910.     Mr.  Graves  writes : — 

"  The  specimens  were  taken  on  August  27th  and  28th,  1910,  on 
the  borders  of  the  Cedar  Grove,  known  as  the  Cedars  of  Lebanon 
(Arabice  "  El  Arz  ")  which  is  situated  in  an  amphitheatre  surrounded 
by  the  highest  mountains  of  the  North  Lebanon,  which  reach  a  height 
of  over  10,000  ft.  The  Cedar  Grove  is  6,400  ft.  above  the  level  of  the 
sea.  The  formation  is  limestone  covered  with  a  thin  layer  of  glacial 
debris.  The  female  specimens  were  at  first  confused  by  me  with 
A.  astrarche,  till  I  had  examined  the  undersides  more  closely.  The 
males  were  recognized  when  in  their  roosting  posture  on  grass  stems 
by  the  rich  colour  of  the  reddish  submarginal  spots  on  the  underside. 
They  occurred  with  H.  jjoseidon,  H.  admetus,  P.  ?  candalus,  P.  icauis, 
P.  amanda,  and  other  Lycaenids,  in  grassy  and  bushy  places." 

He  presents  the  types  to  the  British  Museum. 

Betula,  Reigate  : 

May  lUh,  1912. 


Discovery  of  Planeustomus  flavicollis,  Fauv.,  in  England  {Coleoptera  Staphy- 
linidse). — P.  flavicollis  is  a  small  beetle  very  similar  in  facies  to  its  congener, 
P.  palpalis,  Er.,  but  moi'e  slender,  with  small  eyes,  and  comparatively  short 
elytra,  these  being  biit  little  longer  than  the  elongate  thorax.  It  is  a  very  dis- 
tinct little  creature,  not  likely  to  be  confounded  with  anything  else.  P.  flavicollis 
is  one  of  the  rarest  of  insects,  there  being,  so  far  as  I  can  find,  only  one  previous 


1912.]  168 

capture  of  it,  viz.,  two  specimens  found  by  Chapins  at  Verviers  in  Belgium.  A 
specimen  of  the  species  was  found  by  my  daughter,  M.  A.  Shai-p,  in  a  small 
quantity  of  flood-refuse  here  last  week.  I  was  very  much  surprised  by  this  dis- 
covery, especially  as  the  insect  was  accompanied  by  several  other  rare  forms 
that  I  had  not  expected  to  occur  close  at  home.  The  flood  was  not  a  high  one 
and  tlie  insect  had  not  come  from  a  distance,  the  refuse  being  on  the  bank  of  a 
small  ditch,  over  which  a  footpath  passes,  and  the  refuse  was  on  this  footpath, 
at  a  considerable  distance  from  the  river  or  any  large  stream.  The  spot  is  only 
a  few  minutes  walk  from  my  residence,  and  we  frequently  pass  it  several  times 
in  the  day.  And  yet  this  small  quantity  of  rubbish  produced,  as  I  have  said, 
several  species,  some  of  them  in  numbers,  tlaat  are  usually  considered  rare. 
The  amount  of  work  that  is  requisite  in  order  to  obtain  a  good  knowledge  of  the 
more  obscure  Coleoptera  of  a  fruitful  district  is  almost  distressing  to  contem- 
plate.— D.  Sharp,  Brockenhurst :  June  Mth,  1912. 

Agrion  armatum,  Charp.,  in  the  Norfolk  Broads. — During  Whit-week,  I  was 
on  the  Norfolk  Broads  everyday  from  May  27th  to  31st  inclusive,  searching 
chiefly  for  Agrion  armatum.  I  took  very  few  of  the  species  however,  and  never 
saw  it  in  the  plenty  I  did  at  the  same  time  two  years  previously.  There  Avas 
but  little  dragon-fly  weather,  but  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the  species  was 
probably  largely  over.  It  is  perhaps  the  earliest  British  Agrion  to  appear  on  the 
wing,  and  would  this  early  season  most  likely  be  well  out  diu-ing  the  very  warm 
weather  we  had  at  the  end  of  April.  Even  Agrion  pulchellum,  usually  the 
commonest  dragon-fly  of  the  Broads,  was  in  much  reduced  numbers  and 
apparently  also  going  over.  I  took  A.  armatum  on  both  Sutton  and  Stalham 
Broads,  and  over  a  fairly  wide  area.  Libellula  fulva  was  common,  but  mostly 
immature  so  far  as  I  noticed ;  indeed,  I  did  not  see  a  single  ^  in  the  mature 
bliie  garb.  The  most  abundant  and  restless  dragon-fly  was  Erythromma  naias  ; 
it  never  seemed  to  tire,  and  was  on  the  wing  constantly  from  early  morning  to 
seven  o'clock  in  the  evening  if  there  was  any  sunshine  at  all.*  Papilio  machaon 
was  out  in  plenty  in  perfect  condition,  and  very  pleasing  it  was  to  find  this  fine 
butterfly  still  so  common,  notAvithstanding  the  persecution  it  has  been  subject 
to  for  so  many  years. — Geo.  T.  Porritt,  Elm  Lea,  Dalton,  Huddersfield 
June  6th,  1912, 


Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society  :  Meeting  held  in 
the  Eoyal  Institution,  Colquit  Street,  Liverpool,  Monday,  April  loth,  1912. — • 
Dr.  P.  F.  Tinne,  Vice-President,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Eev.  S.  Proudfoot,  of  Altrincham,  communicated  a  paper  :  "  Collecting 
in  Wicken  and  District,"  in  which  he  gave  a  most  interesting  resume  of  his 
experiences  in  the  district  among  the  Lepidoptera,  describing  the  vai'ious 
methods  of  collecting  practised,  and  enmnerating  the  special  insects  peculiar  to 
Fenland.  The  localities  were  described  in  an  entertaining  manner,  and  the 
habits  and  best  places  to  find  some  of  the  rarer  species  were  clearly  outlined, 

*  A  friend  tells  me  he  saw  P.  lao-duioii  flying  freely  on  Wicken  Feu  during  the  same 
month.— G.  T.  P. 

N  2 


164  [July. 

and  altogether  the  paper  proved  a  ver_v  stimulating  account  of  many  pleasant 
holidays  spent  in  this  prolific  area.  A  vote  of  thanks,  proposed  by  Mr.  W. 
Mansbridge,  seconded  by  Mr.  F.  N.  Pierce,  was  cordially  endorsed  by  the 
members  present.  Dr.  Tinne  exhibited  a  drawer  of  Madeiran  Rhopalocera,  com- 
prising Vanessa  atalanta  and  V.  calUrho'e,  Pyrameis  cardui,  Argynyiis  lathonia 
Colias  edusa  and  Satyrus  semele.  Mr.  Leonard  West  brought  live  specimens  of 
Taeniopteryx  nehulosa  and  Nemoura  inconspicua  from  Heapy,  near  Chorley. 
Mr.  Wm.  Mansbridge  showed  a  fine  intermediate  variety  of  Amphidasys  hetu- 
laria,  bred  from  a  wild  larva  taken  at  Simonswood,  Lanes.,  and  an  unicolorous 
fuscous  grey  aberration  of  Scoparia  ambigualis  from  Burnley.  Mr.  Oscar 
Whittaker   exhibited   a  pair   of   Attacus   orizaha,  bred  on   willow. 


The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  : 
Thursday,  April  Uth,  1912.— Mr.  B.  H.  Smith,  B.Sc,  Vice-President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  H.  Moore  exhibited  Lepidoptera  from  Karang,  N.  Borneo,  including 
Papilio  paradoxus  v.  telesicles,  Hestia  hypervmestra,  and  v.  helina,  Hestia  ly^iceus, 
a  large  species  of  Nyctalemon,  &c..  Mr.  Edwards,  several  species  of  the  genus 
Charaxes  from  Central  and  South  America,  and  a  Cucullia  verbasci  which  had 
been  two  years  in  pupa.  Mr.  Lucas  reported  that  from  April  4th  to  April  23rd, 
in  the  New  Forest,  he  has  noted  57  species  of  plants  in  flower,  and  that  Boarmia 
cinctaria  was  out  on  April  5th.  The  rest  of  the  evening  was  given  up  to  the 
exhibition  of  lantern  slides  by  Messrs.  Dennis,  Lucas,  and  Edwards,  the  last- 
named  showing  slides  illustrative  of  that  anomalous  creatui'e,  Peripatus. 

May  9th.— Mr.  A.  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  J.  E.  Gardner,  of  Upper  Clapton,  was  elected  a  Member. 

Mr.  Jiiger  exhibited  for  Miss  Edwards,  a  series  of  Hybernia  leucophearia  from 
East  Grinstead,  with  which  a  large  percentage  of  v.  marmorinaria  had  occurred 
this  year.  Mr.  E,.  Adkin,  specimens  of  Dianthoecia  luteago,  and  read  notes  on  the 
two  varietal  forms  harrettii  and  ficklini.  Mr.  E.  Adkin  then  read  a  paper  entitled 
"  Labelling  Entomological  Specimens,"  after  which  a  considerable  discussion 
took  place. 

May  23rd,  1912.— Mr.  W.  J.  Kaye,  F.E.S.,  Vice-President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  H.  W.  Andrews  exhibited  specimens  of  the  Dipteron  Brachyopa  bicolor, 
a  Syrphid  from  Bexley,  with  the  Anthomyiid  Hyetodesia  scutellaris,  which  it 
closely  resembled.  Mr.  Alfred  Sich,  specimens  of  Ptycholoma  lecheana,  bred  on 
May  23rd  from  larva)  taken  at  Richmond  on  May  11th.  Mr.  Cowham,  a  cocoon 
of  Dicranura  bifida,  from  which  he  had  observed  the  imago  emerge  after  softening 
a  portion  with  a  fluid  which  it  had  secreted.  Dr.  Chapman,  a  larva  of 
Scolitantides  orion  in  its  first  instar  mining  between  the  cuticles  of  a  leaf  of 
Sedum  telephium.  Mr.  A.  E.  Gibbs,  a  large  number  of  species  of  the  genus 
Co' aonympha,  and  read  notes  on  variation,  characteristics,  and  distribution  of 
the  various  species  in  the  Palsearctic  and  Nearctic  areas.  Mr.  Kaye,  the  genus 
Coenonympha,  referring  particularly  to  the  large  size  and  minute  ocelli  of  the 


1912.]  165 

undersides  in  Irish  specimens  of  C.  tiphon.  Mr.  R.  Adkin,  C.  tiphon  fi'om 
English,  Scotch,  and  Irish  localities,  and  remarked  on  their  general  local 
chai-acteristics,  and  E.  pamphilus,  referring  to  the  varied  development  of  the 
eye-spots.  Mr.  Sheldon,  fine  series  of  the  rarer  species,  C.  hero,  C.  oedipus, 
and  C.  iphioides,  and  remarked  on  the  unaccountable  absence  from  Britain  of 
the  extremely  common  European  species,  C  arcania.  Mr.  Curwen,  long  and 
varied  series  of  C.  pamphilus  and  C.  dorus,  and  called  attention  to  the  occasional 
development  of  a  row  of  submarginal  spots  on  the  fore-wing.  Mr.  Edwards,  series 
of  several  species,  including  dark  C.  arcania  and  species  of  the  allied  genus 
Hypocista  from  Atistralia.  Mr.  Tiirner,  series  of  various  Palsearctic  andNearctic 
species,  including  C.  clko  from  Vancouver.— Ht.  J.  Turner,  Hon.  Secretary. 


Entomological  Society  of  London  :  Wednesday,  April  3rd,  1912. — The 
Rev.  F.  D.  MoRiCB,  M.A.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Fellows  of  the  Society  : — Mr.  Henry 
Hacker,  Queensland  Museum,  Bowen  Bridge  Road,  Brisbane,  Queensland ; 
Mr.  Cyril  Engelhart  Latour,  Port  of  Spain,  Trinidad,  British  West  Indies  ; 
Signor  Orazio  Querci,  Macerata,  Mai-che,  Italy. 

The  Covincil  having  been  invited  to  elect  Delegates  to  represent  the  Society 
at  various  fiuictions,  the  following  have  been  elected : — for  the  Centenary 
Celebration  of  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Professor  Comstock 
and  Dr.  Holland  ;  Professor  Fernald,  who  had  also  been  elected,  was  unable  to 
attend  ;  for  the  First  Eugenic  Congress,  in  July,  Professor  Bateson  ;  for  the 
250th  Anniversary  of  the  Royal  Society,  in  July,  the  President ;  for  the  Inter- 
national Congi-ess  of  Entomology,  in  Avigust,  the  President,  the  Rev.  G.  "Wheeler, 
Secretary,  and  Messrs  G.  T.  Bethune-Baker,  H.  Rowland-Brown,  and  the 
Hon.  W.  Rothschild. 

Mr.  G.  T.  Bethvine-Baker  exhibited  a  specimen  of  Cyclopodia  hopei,  Westw., 
a  parasite  on  the  Indian  Flying-fox  ;  this  was  itself  parasitized  by  an  Aca.rus  of 
the  genus  Gamasus,  there  being  no  less  than  seventeen  of  this  small  species  on 
one  specimen  of  C.  hopei. 

There  being  no  other  exhibits  and  no  papers  to  be  read,  the  President  said 
that  he  thought  it  would  be  a  good  opportunity  to  discuss  the  important  subject 
of  Nomenclature,  and  a  long  discussion  arose  in  which  many  of  the  Fellows 
present  took  part.  Eventually,  Mr.  Tui-ner  proposed  that  a  small  Committee 
be  appointed  to  consider  the  subject  of  Nomenclature  and  report  to  the  June 
meeting,  with  a  view  to  the  coming  International  Congress,  This  was  seconded 
by  Mr.  A.  E.  Gibbs,  and  carried  nem.  con.  The  following  Fellows  Avere  proposed 
as  forming  the  Committee,  and  the  names  being  put  from  the  Chair  were 
unanimously  accepted: — Mr.  G.  T.  Bethune-Baker,  Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman, 
Messrs.  J.  H.  Durrant,  H.  J.  Turner,  C.  O.  Waterhouse,  and  Rev.  G.  Wheeler, 
with  power  to  add  to  their  number. — * 


1 6H  f"^"^^' 

NOTES   ON   BEITISH   PHORA   (Corrections  and  Additions). 

BY    JOHN    H.    WOOD,    M.B. 

(Concluded  from  p.  99.) 

atrimana,  sp.  n. 

,?  ?  .  A  deep  black  insect  with  almost  colourless  wings  :  Thorax,  abdomen, 
and  halteres  black,  pleural  bristles  strong-  and  equal ;  frons  and  supra-antennal 
bristles  much  as  in  campestris  ;  antennae  of  ordinary  size,  palpi  pure  black ; 
wings  scarcely  tinted,  costa  less  than  half  the  wing  length,  bvit  more  than  |  in 
both  sexes,  fringe  moderately  long,  1  dovible  2  (  (J  ),  rather  more  (  ?  ),  angle  at 
fork  moderate,  1st  thin  vein  scarcely  curved  at  its  origin  ;  legs  black,  fore-legs 
browner,  cilia  under  hind  femora  small  (in  campestris  moderately  long  on  inner 
half),  hind  tibiae  less  robust,  and  cilia  weaker  than  in  campestris  ;  hypopygivmi 
and  anal  organ  large  and  black,  and  similar  in  form  to  those  of  campestris,  the 
former  as  in  that  species  with  a  few  long  liairs  rather  than  bristles  below. 
1} — 1^  mm. 

Of  all  the  species  in  this  section  it  comes  nearest  to  campestris, 
but  the  shorter  costa,  longer  fringe,  and  deep  blaclc  legs  are  characters 
obvious  enough  to  distinguish  it  at  once  from  that  species. 

A  pair  only.  Dates  and  localities:    J  .  Middle  Parle  Pool,  10/6/09  ; 

?  .   Westhide,    28/10/07.     The   female   happens   to   be   a   somewhat 

abnormal  specimen,  the  2nd  thick  vein  on  the  left  side  being  unforked, 

and  the  anterior  or  least  stable  scutellar  bristle  t)n  the  same  side  being 

reduced  to  the  condition  of  a  hair. 

Aphiochxta  major,  sp.  n.  Very  near  ciliata,  with  which  it  agrees 
absolutely  in  general  colour,  form  and  armature  of  legs,  and  in  the 
possession  of  a  very  long  pleiiral  bristle,  but  distinguished  by  two 
important  characters,  namely,  the  absence  of  the  abbreviated  4th 
abdominal  segment  of  the  female,  and  by  the  thickness  of  the  costal 
vein,  which  is  unusixally  slender  in  ciliata  but  of  ordinary  thickness  in 
major.  Less  important  distinctions  are  a  somewhat  wider  frons  with 
stronger  bristles,  paler  wings  with  the  first  costal  division  rather 
shorter  than  the  other  two,  instead  of  being  as  long  or  even  rather 
longer,  and  in  the  forelegs  being  darker,  the  coxae  especially  wanting 
the  bright  yellow  colour  which  is  so  conspicuoiis  a  feature  of  ciliata' s. 
The  hypopygium  and  anal  organ  are  also  somewhat  larger,  and  the 
underside  of  the  former  is  more  produced  posteriorly.  It  is,  besides,  a 
larger  and  more  robust  insect,  and  measures  2  mm. 

For  the  present  it  remains  very  scarce.  The  first  specimen  I  saw 
was  a  female  submitted  to  me  by  Mr.  Collin,  who  captured  it  at  Wey- 
bridge  (Surrey),  5/7/09.     A   pair  have   since  fallen  to  my  share,  the 


1912.]  107 

male  having  been  taken   on   the   Monnow,    5/7/10,   and  the   female 
in  the  house,  9/10/10. 

MaUochi.  When  introducing  it  I  could  only  give  Scotland  as  a 
locality.  I  can  now  record  it  from  my  own  neighbourhood.  Four 
females  were  swept  out  of  rough  herbage  in  Mainswoood,  from  March 
to  May,  1910  ;  and  on  the  very  last  day  of  this  same  year  a  male  was 
turned  out  from  amongst  the  remains  of  an  old  deserted  hive-bees* 
nest  in  a  hollow  overturned  tree  near  Devereux  Pool.  In  the  Hereford- 
shire insect  the  costa  seems  shorter  than  in  the  Scotch  one,  and  even 
in  the  female  does  not  reach  the  wing  middle.  The  discrepancy  may, 
however,  be  due  to  the  position  of  the  wing  in  Mr.  Malloch's  specimens 
not  lending  itself  so  well  to  a  correct  estimation. 

Minor,  Zett.  I  had  very  little  material  before  me  when  describing 
it,  one  of  each  sex  only,  and  the  diiference,  especially  in  the  colour  of 
the  legs  was  so  marked  between  them  that  there  was  some  little 
doubt  whether  they  could  belong  to  the  same  species.  Since  then  I 
have  been  able  to  examine  a  second  male  taken  by  myself  in  September, 
1909 ;  a  female  taken  by  Mr.  Collin,  at  Barton  Mills,  19/5/09 ;  and  a 
pair  in  cop.  also  taken  by  my  friend  at  Aldeburgh,  18/9/07.  With  this 
enlarged  material,  one  has  learnt  that  the  colour  characters  are  very 
variable  and  not  governed  by  sex.  In  my  second  male  the  coxae  are 
not  black  but  dusky  yellow,  (all  these  parts  in  the  male  described  in 
the  text  being  black)  and  the  palpi  dark.  In  the  mated  female  the 
coxae  and  femora  are  uniformly  black,  whilst  these  parts  in  the  other 
female  are  pale  as  in  my  described  female,  though  of  a  less  pure  tint, 
being  dusky  yellow  rather  than  yellow.  The  palpi  in  Mr.  Collin's 
females  are  dusky  yellow  and  in  my  single  example  clear  yellow.  One 
or  two  points  need  correction  in  the  text.  The  legs  of  the  male  are 
quite  black  and  not  brownish  black  as  there  given  ;  neither  are  the 
male  palpi  large;  they  are  only  fairly  long  and  slender,  and  the 
halteres  are  white  rather  than  yellow. 

Angustifrons,  sp.  n.  This  belongs  to  the  short  fringed  division  in 
Section  C,  and  runs  down  to  the  neighbourhood  of  uliginosa,  having 
like  it  bare  pleurse  and  yellow  halteres,  but  is  otherwise  abundantly 
distinct. 

?  .  Thorax  and  abdomen  black ;  frons  narrow,  longer  than  broad,  and 
dull ;  the  inner  bristle  of  lower  frontal  row  much  below  the  level  of  the  outer 
one,  but  fairly  away  from  the  eye  margin  ;  one  pair  only  of  small  supra-antennal 
bristles,  moderately  approximated ;  palpi  clear  yellow ;  antennae  brown ;  wings 
tinged  with  yellowish  brown,  costa  well  beyond  wing  middle  and  densely 
fringed ;  1  rather  longer  than  2  +  3,  2  barely  half  as  long  again  as  3,  angle  at 


168  tJuly. 

fork  moderate,  1st  thin  vein  gently  curved  at  its  origin  from  the  fork ;  hind 
legs  brown,  middle  and  front  ones  more  yellow ;  hairs  underneath  hind  femoi-a 
well  developed  on  basal  half ;  tibial  cilia  strong.     If  mm. 

Two  females  of  this  very  distiuct  species  have  been  taken,  the  first 
on  the  22nd  of  June,  1911,  at  Mainswood,  and  the  other  a  week  later 
at  the  same  locality.  It  resembles  in  some  respects  both  idiginosa  and 
infraposita,  but  is  quite  distinct  from  both.  From  nligitiosa  it  may  be 
known  at  once  by  the  much  narrower  frons  and  the  differences  in  its 
chsetotaxy  ;  by  the  differently  proportioned  costal  divisions,  the  second 
division  in  uliginosa  being  three  times  as  long  as  the  third,  instead  of 
barely  half  as  long  again,  and  by  other  small  distinctions.  From 
infraposita  it  is  distinguished  by  the  absence  of  any  reddish  tinge  on 
the  thorax ;  by  ihe  still  narrower  frons  ;  and  the  position  of  the  inner 
bristle  of  the  lower  frontal  row,  away  from  the  eye  margin  and  not 
close  to  it,  as  in  ivfraposita,  by  having  only  one  pair  of  supra-antennal 
bristles,  which  are  not  widely  separated  ;  1)y  the  much  darker  hind  legs, 
shorter  costal  fringe,  and  larger  size. 

HyaUpennis,  sp.  n.  This  belongs  to  the  small  group  of  half  a 
dozen  species,  characterised  by  having  bristly  pleurae,  blackened 
halteres,  and  thickened  front  tarsi,  and  it  should  occiapy  a  position 
between  Jiumilis  and  aUicolella,  having  some  of  the  characteristics  of 
each.  From  both  it  is  best  distinguished  by  its  quite  clear  wings 
(hence  its  name)  with  their  very  fine  and  delicate  thin  veins  ;  by  its 
darker,  almost  black,  legs ;  and  also  by  the  front  tarsi  being  black  and 
in  marked  contrast  with  the  pale  tibiae.  With  humilis  it  agrees  in  the 
length  of  its  costa,  and  in  having  three  or  four  strong  bristles  under- 
neath the  hypopygium  on  each  side,  but  is  without  the  three  or  four 
diagonal  ones  present  on  the  sides  in  that  species.  With  aUicolella 
it  agrees  in  the  absence  of  a  bend  in  the  middle  of  the  underside  of 
the  hind  femora  ;  in  the  ciliation  underneath  these  femora,  though 
more  distinct  than  in  aUicolella,  being  of  the  usual  character  and  not 
short  and  stubby  as  in  humilis ;  and  in  the  marginal  bristles  of  the 
last  abdominal  segment  being  well  developed,  as  well  as  in  the  absence 
of  any  special  hairiness  on  the  sides  of  the  last  two  or  three  segments. 
It  is  rather  smaller  than  either.     1^  mm. 

Upwards  of  a  dozen,  inclusive  of  both  sexes,  were  swept  amongst 
bracken  on  high  ground  in  Stoke  Park,  between  the  4th  and  21st  of 
October,  1909,  and  a  specimen  or  two  were  met  with  again  the  follow- 
ing autumn  in  Stoke  Wood. 

Unguicularis.  Mr.  Collin  has  been  fortunate  enough  to  take 
more  than  one  female  of  this  scarce  species.     It  has  blacker  legs  than 


19120  1G9 

the  male ;  the  costa  about  reaches  the  middle  of  the  wiug,  and  the  1st 
costal  division  is  not  more  than  half  as  long  again  as  the  2nd,  whereas 
in  the  male  it  is  twice  as  long. 

Fungivora.  Mr.  Collin  has  bred  it  from  a  tree  fungus,  so  that  its 
name  is  now  amply  justified. 

Infrajposita.  A  female  (this  sex  was  unknown  at  the  time  of 
introducing  the  species)  was  taken  at  the  Middle  Park  Pool,  4/8/09. 
It  has  the  same  characteristic  frontal  chsetotaxy  as  the  male. 

.  Cilipes.  Brues,  I  find,  described  an  Aphiocheeta  cilipes  in  1907. 
Another  name  must  therefore  be  given  the  present  species,  and  that  of 
decipiens  would  seem  not  inappropriate,  since  not  only  has  a  mistake  of 
nomenclature  been  made,  but  a  still  more  serious  error  has  been 
committed  in  giving  it  an  iitterly  wrong  female.  In  spite  of  the 
commonness  of  the  male  much  difficulty  was  experienced  in  discovering 
an  appropriate  partner  for  it,  and  even  after  I  thought  that  this  was 
done  the  selection  was  felt  to  be  far  from  satisfactory.  Nor  can  this 
be  wondered  at,  for  the  search  was  made  among  the  species  with  two 
scutellar  bristles,  whilst  all  the  while  the  creature  so  badly  wanted  was 
amongst  the  four-bristled  kind.  The  discovery  of  the  mistake  we  owe 
to  the  capture  by  Mr.  Jenkinson  at  Cambridge  of  a  pair  of  insects  in 
cop.,  the  male  of  which  was  typical  decipiens,  and  the  female  apparently 
a  small  and  weak  riificornis.  So  close  is  the  resemblance  to  ruficornis 
that  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  it  is  mixed  up  with  that  species  in 
most  of  our  collections.  It  may,  however,  be  distinguished  with  a  little 
care.  Besides  being  a  smaller  and  less  robust  insect,  the  costal  fringe 
is  somewhat  longer,  the  1st  costal  division  also  a  little  longer  and  the 
tibial  cilia  weaker,  but  a  far  more  satisfactory  character  is  the  group  of 
large  bristles  on  the  2nd  abdominal  segment.  In  ruficornis  they  are 
numerous  (quite  a  bunch  of  them)  and  placed  upon  a  lateral  prominence 
of  the  segment,  but  in  decipiens  they  ai-e  not  more  than  four  at  the 
outside,  and  there  is  no  prominence,  the  outHue  of  the  segment  being 
flush  with  that  of  the  segment  on  either  side  of  it.  Mr.  Collin  points 
out  that  in  the  sexes  of  both  species  there  is  an  extra  bristle  on  the 
thorax,  situated  out  on  the  disc  about  midway  between  the  postalar 
bristle  and  the  dorso-central  one.  Decipiens  will  have,  then,  to  be 
moved  from  its  present  position  in  the  table  to  Section  B,  where  it  wall 
come  next  to  ruficornis.  What,  it  will  be  asked,  are  the  females  which 
have  been  doing  duty  for  it  ?  Scutellaris  I  am  now  convinced.  They 
had  been  picked  out  because  of  their  proportionately  long  2nd  and 
3rd  costal  divisions,  and  in  the  female  of  this  species,  as  in  a  few 
others,  these  divisions  seem  to  be  variable. 


170  J'^iy- 

Denotata.  In  establishing  this  species  on  the  characters  of  the 
female,  some  doubt  was  expressed  whether  the  right  male  had  been 
assigned  it.  That  note  of  caution  has  now  been  fully  justified.  In 
overhauling  lately  some  unsorted  material  I  came  upon  three  males 
which  are  unquestionably  the  true  denotata  and  quite  distinct  from  the 
form  described  in  the  text.  They  were  taken  as  far  back  as  the  7th  of 
May,  1906,  at  Devereux  Pool.  As  might  have  been  expected,  they  bear 
the  same  close  relationship  to  male  tumida.  as  does  the  female  denotata 
to  female  tumida  ;  that  is,  the  peculiar  blunt-ended  abdomen  with  its 
characteristic  hypopygium,  which  distinguishes  male  tumida,  equally 
distinguishes  male  denotata,  just  as  the  swollen  costa,  characteristic  of 
the  female,  is  common  to  both  species.  The  points  of  distinction  from 
tumida  are  the  brown  instead  of  black  halteres,  ths  relatively  shorter 
costa  and  costal  fringe,  the  1st  costal  division  equal  only  to  the  2nd 
instead  of  to  the  2nd  and  3rd,  and  in  the  smaller  size,  all  which 
amply  differentiate  from  tumida  and  at  the  same  time  show  its  close 
agreement  with  denotata.  Denotata  is  apparently  an  early  summer 
species  and  tumida  essentially  an  autumnal  one. 

The  discovery  among  some  old  material  of  one  or  two  little  males, 
extremely  like  the  insect  erroneously  given  as  the  male  of  the  above 
species,  has  quite  removed  any  doubt  of  that  insect  having  been 
discreta,  as  was  indeed  half  suspected  at  the  time. 

Rubescens,  sp.  n.  This  belongs  to  the  large  group  with  bare  pleurae 
and  bare  hindtibise  in  Section  C,  and  to  that  portion  of  it  characterised 
by  having  dark  (in  this  case  yellowish  brown)  halteres 

(J  .  Thorax  dull  dusky  i-ed,  abdomen  black,  halteres  yellowish  broAvn  ;  f  rons 
black,  about  half  as  broad  again  as  long,  supra-antennal  bristles  rather  small, 
the  upper  approximate  and  twice  the  size  of  the  under  ones,  antennae  red, 
scarcely  full-sized,  palpi  rather  large  and  clear  yellow,  the  bristles  large ;  wings 
tinged  with  yellowish  brown,  costa  more  than  half  the  wing  length,  fringe  only 
moderately  long,  1  rather  longer  than  2  +  3,  angle  at 
fork  largish,  1st  thin  vein  scarcely  curved  at  its  origin; 
legs  yellow,  hind  femora  with  moderately  long  hairs  on 
basal  portion  of  underside,  hind  tibiae  bare  ;  hypopy- 
gium (fig.  4)  fairly  large,  underneath  it  a  large  and 
Fig  4.    Kuhoirens.  conspicuous  group   of   bristles  or  strong    coarse  hairs, 

anal  organ  large  and  yellow.     If  mm. 

Of  this  well  marked  species  I  took  a  specimen  on  a  window  of  this 
house  as  far  back  as  June,  1905,  but  refrained  from  describing  it  as  it 
was  a  single  specimen.  The  capture  of  another,  exactly  similar  and 
under  precisely  similar  circumstances,  on  the  8th  of  August,  1910,  has 
removed  all  scruples,  and  I  propose  the  name  of  ruhescens  for  it  on 


1912.]  171 

account  of  its  reddish  thorax.  From  its  nearest  aUies  it  may  readily 
be  known  by  this  same  reddish  thorax,  red  antennae,  and  yellow  legs, 
but    still    more   certainly  by   the   collection   of    bristles    under   the 

hypopygium. 

Longicostalis,  sp.  n.  This  also  belongs  to  the  same  group  as  the 
preceding  species,  but  to  that  part  of  it  which  has  the  halteres  yellow. 

9  .  Thorax  and  abdomen  black ;  frons  scarcely  shining,  about  }  broader 
than  long,  snpra-antennal  bristles  rather  weak,  the  upper  pair  very  closely 
approximated  and  the  iinder  vei-y  much  smaller  and  nearly  directly  underneath 
them,  palpi  narrow,  dusky  yellow  and  bristled  as  usual ;  wings  rather  deep 
yellowish  brown,  costa  remarkably  long — about  |  the  wing  length,  fringe  also 
very  long,  1  rather  longer  than  2  and  distinctly  shorter  than  2  +  3,  angle  at 
fork  moderate,  1st  thin  vein  leaves  well  beyond  the  fork  with  a  moderate  curve  ; 
legs  yellowish  brown,  margins  of  hind  femora  blackish,  hind  tibiae  practically 
bare,  though  vender  a  Zeiss'  lens  numerous  small  cilia  become  visible. 

Its  singularly  long  costa,  longer  than  in  any  other  species  I  am 
acquainted  with  in  this  large  genus,  sti'ikes  the  eye  at  once,  and  leaves 
its  identification  in  no  doubt.  It  is  the  species  discovered  by 
Mr.  Donisthorpe  in  a  nest  of  the  ant,  Lasius  fiiliginosns,  at  Darenth 
Wood  (The  Entomologists'  Record,  Vol.  LI,  Nos.  10,  11,  and  12). 
Another  female  has  also  been  obtained  by  the  same  observer,  which  I 
have  seen,  and  which  bore  the  label  Whitsand  Bay,  April,  1907.  And 
still  another  female  I  have  taken  myself,  March  23rd,  1910,  from  under 
a  dead  mole  in  Stoke  Wood. 

Section  D. 

In  the  four  species  commencing  with  tarsalis  and  coming  under 
the  numbers  46 — 51,  no  reference  was  made  to  the  halteres.  In  all  of 
them  the  colour  of  these  organs  is  yellow. 

The  male  hypopygium.  We  shall,  I  think,  gain  a  better  under- 
standing of  the  organ  if  we  look  upon  it  as  consisting  of  two  parts,  an 
internal  and  an  external  one,  the  former  carrying  the  outlet  of  the 
digestive  system  and  the  latter  that  of  the  generative,  and  each  as 
representing  a  separate  segment.  The  external  portion  or  shell — the 
part  that  chiefly  concerns  us  here — is  made  up  of  two  pieces,  a  large 
(as  a  rule)  dorsal  plate,  which  may  roughly  be  compared  to  a  saddle  in 
which  the  dorsum  is  the  seat,  and  the  sides,  the  panels,  and  a  small  (as 
a  rule)  under  or  ventral  plate.  Between  them  they  commonly  form  a 
chamber  within  which  in  ordinary  circumstances  lie  concealed  the 
generative  organ  and  its  complex  appendages  or,  as  I  have  called  them 
in  these  notes,  the  subanal  body. 


]  72  tJ"^^' 

In  its  simplest  form  the  shell  is  symmetrical,  the  panels  being  alike 
in  form  and  size  on  the  two  sides,  and  its  general  shape  more  or  less 
cylindrical.  This  is  its  condition  almost  universally  in  ApMoclisefa,  and 
several  excellent  illustrations  of  it  have  already  been  given  in 
Mr.  Collin's  figures.  But  when  we  turn  to  Phora  we  find  that  this 
symmetry  is  for  the  most  part  lost,  and  while  the  right  panel  remains 
the  simple  structui'e  it  is  in  Aphiochseta,  the  left  one  is  fissured  trans- 
versely and  sometimes  much  crumpled  at  the  same  time.  The  fissure 
may  extend  only  a  comparatively  short  way  across  the  panel  as  in 
urhana  {vide  fig.  4),  but  usually  is  so  extensive  as  to  leave  a  mere  strip, 
so  narrow,  that  unless  the  hypopygium  be  fully  exposed  or  be  dissected 
out,  the  panel  appears  to  be  cut  completely  in  two.  In  the  j^cretinis 
and  Inqvhris  group  the  hind  corner  of  each  panel  is  prolonged  into  a 
flap,  which  is  usually  of  equal  length  on  the  two  sides,  or  one  may  be 
longer  than  the  other  as  in  vitrea  {vide  fig.  1).  In  vnispinosa  and  its 
allies  the  saddle  is  very  short  and  the  panels  are  long,  narrow  and 
depending  flaps,  and  the  ventral  plate  correspondingly  large.  In  the 
conciniia  and  ahdominalis  group  (figs.  2  and  3)  the  distinguishing 
feature  is  the  very  long  anal  organ  ;  the  subanal  body  is  concealed, 
the  panels  are  very  large  and  of  equal  size,  though  the  left  one  is  deeply 
fissured.  Still  further  modifications  arise  in  the  urhana — hergenstammi 
(domestica)  group  (figs.  4  and  5).  In  the  first  place  the  hypopygium 
loses  its  more  or  less  cylindrical  shape  and  becomes  globular  and  is 
usually  very  large  ;  moreover  it  no  longer  forms  a  closed  chamber,  but 
leaves  the  subanal  body  exposed.  The  right  panel  is  large  and  simple 
as  usual,  but  the  left  one  is  always  somewhat  rediiced  in  size,  and  in 
urhana  and  its  allies  fissured  also,  but  in  hergenstammi  and  erythronota 
merely  reduced,  whilst  between  it  and  the  ventral  plate  is  a  large 
triangular  piece  {b  in  the  figures)  which  I  believe  to  be  part  of  the 
subanal  body.  On  the  right  side,  projecting  beyond  the  large  simple 
panel,  is  a  long  slender  process  {d)  which  generally  looks  as  if  it 
belonged  to  the  panel,  but  under  favourable  conditions  is  seen  to  come 
from  underneath  it,  and  must  also  be  part  of  the  subanal  body. 

Hypocera.  Here  we  ai-e  met  with  a  very  remarkable  departure 
from  the  common  type.  In  Apkiochaeta  and  Phora  the  anal  organ 
invariably  finds  an  exit  by  issuing  from  underneath  the  saddle.  In 
Hypocera  it  does  so  by  piercing  the  saddle  itself.  In  some  cases  {cari- 
7iifrons  and  femorata)  the  exit  is  flush  with  the  general  surface,  so  that 
an  anal  organ  in  the  sense  of  a  projecting  l)ody  cannot  be  said  to  exist, 
but  in  others  an  organ  is  present  of  the  short  papilla-like  form  so 
commonly  found  in  Phora.     Among  the  British  species  citreiformis 


1912.]  173 

offers  the  one  exception  to  this  condition  of  things,  its  anal  organ  issuing 
in  the  usual  way  from  underneath  the  saddle.  Another  feature 
characteristic  of  the  hypopygium  in  this  genus  is  the  very  large  size  of 
the  ventral  plate,  as  marked  in  citreiformis  (where  it  is  cleft  almost  to 
the  base)  as  in  the  other  species.  The  saddle  varies  from  quite  tiny  in 
carinifrons  and  incrassata  to  large  in  femorata  and  mordellaria.  Its 
panels  are  always  symmetrical,  the  left  one  never  being  fissured  as 
happens  so  often  in  Phora,  and  they  are  simple  in  outline,  except  in 
citreiformis  where  they  are  produced  behind  into  along  narrow  process 
on  each  side  as  in  the  perennis  group  in  Phora. 

Mr.  Collin,  who  has  drawn  the  figures  in  the  plate,  is  of  the 
opinion  that  the  part  marked  "  a^  "  in  figures  1,  2,  and  3,  is  the  homo- 
logue  of  the  part  marked  "  b  "  in  figures  4  and  6,  but  the  dissection  of 
several  specimens  has  only  served  to  confirm  me  in  my  views. 

EXPLANATION   OF   PLATE    V. 

Fig.  1.  Hypopygimn  of  Phora  vitrea.  Wood. 
„     2.  „  „  „     abdominalis.  Fall. 

„     3.  „  „  „     concinna,  Meig. 

„     4,  ,,  „  ,,     urhana,  Meig. 

„     5.  „  „  „     niaculata,  Meig. 

COEEECTION. 

Vol.  xlviii,  page  98,  line  24,  for  "  errata  "  read  "  decipiens." 


SUPPLEMENTARY  NOTES. 
In  view  of  the  great  size  of  Aphiochseta,  and  of  the  not  altogether 
satisfactory  character  on  which  have  been  grounded  its  two  last  sections 
in  the  Table,  it  will,  I  think,  be  of  material  help  to  the  student  if  I 
give  a  second  scheme  choosing  the  costal  fringe  as  the  governing 
character,  and  so  enable  him  in  doubtful  cases  to  check  the  one  by 
the  other.  Moreover,  the  new  scheme  has  an  advantage  over  the  old 
one,  inasmuch  as  the  fringe  seems  to  be  quite  uninfluenced  by  sex 
and  rarely,  if  ever,  liable  to  variation,  whereas  the  costa  is  subject  at 
times  to  both  these  disturbing  influences. 

SECTION  C. 
Costal  fringe  short  or  very  short. 
In  a  few  species — pygmxa,  latifrovs,  lata,  tarsalis,   lutescens,  and  collini,  the 
fringe  might  perhaps  be  considered  only  moderately  short. 

1  (2).     Cilia  oil  middle  and  hind  tibias  in  two  rows,  one  on  either  side  the  seam. 

...l\-2  mm.  fasfiata-  Fall. 

2  (1).     Cilia  on  one  side  of  the  seam  onlit 


11 

(10) 

12 

(13) 

13 

(12). 

14 

(15), 

15 

(14), 

16 

(5), 

174  [July, 

3  (26).     Mesopleurae  bristly. 

4  (21).     Halteres  black  or  brown  (verralli  and  ciliataj. 

5  (16).     Hind  tibice  bare  (affinis  and  serrata),  or  cilia  small  and  jiumerous. 

6  (7).     Costa  plainly  to  middle  of  wing  1^  mm.  a.rmata. 

7  (6).     Costa  plainly  sliori  of  middle. 

8  (9).     Abdomen  in  both  sexes  narrowly  but  conspicuously  banded  irith  white  on 

hind  margins  of  segments about  1  mm.  Verralli. 

9  (8).     Abdomen  not  so  banded;  the  hind  margins  in  serrata  are  piale  but  not 

white. 
10  (11).     Mesopleurse  with  one  bristle  much  longer  than  the  others.    Anal  organ  very 
large,  as  long  as  the  last  abdominal  segment... ahont  f  mm.  spinata. 

Bristles  of  nearly  uniform  size. 

Fore  metatarsi  distinctly  thickened,  in  both  sexes,  being  as  wide  as  the 
tibice  or  nearly  so    ^  nxm.  crassipes. 

Metatarsi  simple,  or  whole  tarsus  slightly  thickened  (latifrons) 

A  group  of  five  or  six  short  hairs  underneath  the  hypopygium  on  each  side. 
Upper  supra-a,nte7inal  bristles  outside  an  alignment  with  inner  bristles 
of  middle  frontal  row f  mm.  latifrons. 

No  such  group  of  bristles,  fiuxtra-antennal  bristles  only  in  such  align- 
ment and  not  outside  it l-^  mm.  affinis. 

Tibias  plainly  (rudis)  or  very  strongly  (ciliata  and  major)  ciliated.  All 
three  species  have  one  pleiiral  bristle  much  longer  than  the 
others. 
17  (18).  Frons  quite  dull.  Upper  supra-antennal  bristles  outside  an  alignment 
with  inner  bristles  of  middle  frontal  row.  Hypopygium  large,  with  a 
conspicuous  bristle  on  each  side  beneath  1-1?  mm.  rudis. 

Frons  more  or  loss  shining.  Supra-antennal  bristles  inside  such  align- 
ment.    Hypopygium  small  or  moderate,  and  bare. 

Costa  fine  and  delicate.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  of  female  abbreviated. 
Fore  coxae  clear  yellow 1-lf  mm.  ciliata,  Zett, 

Costa  of  the  usual  stoutness.  Abdominal  segment  not  abbreviated.  Fore 
coxse  dusky  yellow about  2  mm.  major. 

Halteres  yellow. 

Frons  black  and  shining.  A  deep  black  insect,  closely  allied  to  ciliata,  but 
wanting  the  abbreviated  abdominal  segment  1-1:^  mm.  eequalis. 

Frons  grey  and  dull.     Pale  or  yellowish  species. 

Costa   well  beyond  middle  of  wing.      One  of  the   pleural  bHstles   much 

longer  than  the  others.     A  large  species  1^2  m.m.  flavescens. 

25  (24).     Costa  well  short  of  the  middle.     The  bristles  all  small.     A  small  species. 

...  1  mm.  pallens. 
Mesopleuras  bare. 

Halteres  black. 

Frons    highly  glossy   (pa.rva,  mallochi,  glabrifrons  and  propingua)  or  at 

least  somewhat  shining  {longiseta  and  longipalpis). 

Costa  distinctly  less  than  half  the  wing  length. 

Male  palpi  very  large  and  a Imost  bare f  mm.  longipalpis. 

Male  palpi  normal. 


18 

(17). 

19 

(20), 

20 

(19). 

21 

(4), 

22 

(23), 

23 

(22) 

24 

(25) 

^6 

(3) 

27 

(46), 

28 

(39), 

29 

(34) 

30 

(31), 

31 

(30), 

iflii]  175 

32  (33).      First  costal  division  nearly  three  times  as  long  as   the   2nd,   and  the   2nd 

scarcely  longer  than  the  3rd.     Stem  of  halteres  hlacli.      A  large  species. 

...nearly  2  mm.  mallochi. 

33  (32).      First  costal  division  about  half  as  long  again  as  the  2nd.,  and  this  nearly 

three  times  as  long  as  the  3rd.  Stem  of  halteres  yellow.  A  very  small 
species  ^-f  mill,  propinqua. 

34  (29).     Costa  fully  to  wing  middle  or  beyond. 

35  (36).      Wings  colourless.     Costa  in   both  sexes  incrassated  at  Jiumeral  x-vein.     A 

tiny  species  2  ram.  parva. 

36  (35).      Wings    distinctly    darkened.       Costa   not    incrassated.       Moderate    sized 

species. 

37  (38).     Arista   of  ^cnusual   length.      Upper    supra-antennal  bristles   in  alignment 

with  inner  bristles  of  middle  frontal  row.  First  thin  vein  leaves  at 
fork.     Hypopygium  large,  anal  organ  long  and  depressed. 

...1-1^  mm.  longiseta. 

38  (37).     Arista  of  usual  length.       Supra-antennal  bristles  inside  such  alignment. 

First  long  vein  (  ^)  leaves  well  on  proximal  side  of  fork.  Hypopygium 
very  small,  anal  organ  minute 1^  mm.  glahrifrons. 

Frons  dull. 

Costa  moderately  long,  bat  not  fully  reaching  the  wing  middle.  First  costal 
division  equal  or  nearly  equal  to  the  2nd  and  3rd  together. 

Legs  deep  black.     Hypopygium  small   f-1  mm.  rivalis. 

Legs  yellow.     Hypopygium  large ^f  mm.  surdifrons. 

Costa  very  short  (i  wing  length  gregaria),  or  at  7nost  not  quite  f  loing  length. 

Fi  rst  costal  division  at  least  double  the  2n(J  and  3rd  together. 

A  tiny  black  species  with  black  antenme.      Costa  only  -|  the  wing  length. 

...barely  i  mm.  gregaria. 

A  small  reddish  species  with  red  antennw.    Costa  nearly  f  the  wing  length. 

...f  mm.  or  rather  more,  ruflfrons. 
Halteres  yellow. 

Frons  more  or  less  shining.     Costa  nearly  to  wing  middle  in  minor,  and 
less  than  |  wing  length  in  the  others. 
48  (49).     Frons  very  narrow,  ^  longer  than  broad  and  highly  glossy.     Inner  bristle 
of  lower  frontal  row  considerably  below  the  outer  one  and  placed  close 
to  the  eye  margin  l-l4  mm.  minor,  Zett. 

Frons  broader  than  long.     Inner  bristles  of  frontal  row  in  usual  position. 

Foretarsi  thickened  in  both  sexes.      Costal  fringe  only  moderately  short. 

...1  mm.  or  barely,  tarsalis. 
Foretarsi  not  thickened. 

Cilia  on  hind  tibiie  fine  and  indistinct.  Frons  distinctly  shining.  Hal- 
teres black-stalked.     A  minute  species i  mm.  angelicse. 

Cilia  distinct.  Frons  only  inoderately  shining.  Halteres  yellow-stalked. 
Not  minute  species. 

First  costal  division  more  than  twice  as  long  as  2nd  and  3rd  together. 
Costal  fringe  only  moderately  short.  Upper  supra-antennal  bristles 
approaimated,  under  ones  small 1^1^  mm.  pygmiea,  Zett. 


39 

(28). 

40 

(43). 

41 

(42), 

42 

(41), 

43 

(40), 

44 

(45), 

45 

(44) 

46 

(27) 

47 

(56), 

49 

(48), 

50 

(51). 

51 

(50), 

52 

(53) 

53 

(52). 

54 

(55) 

56 

(47). 

57 

(64). 

58 

(59). 

59 

(58). 

60 

(61). 

61 

(60). 

62 

(63). 

176  tJ"iy>  ^^'2. 

55  (54),  First  division  scarcely  longer  than  the  other  two.  Oostal  fringe  very 
short.  Four  nearly  equal  supra-antennal  bristles,  the  upper  ones  wide 
apart 1  mm.  brevicostalis. 

Frons  dull. 

Costa  quite  to  v:ing  middle. 

Frons  narrow,  longer  than  broad If  mm.  anguslifrons. 

Frons  broader  than  long. 

Tibial  cilia  large  and  sparse  (10  or  11  in  number),  though  not  quite  as 
large  and  sparse  as  in  ciliata  and  its  two  near  allies. 

. .  Iw— 2  mm.'  uliginosa. 
Cilia  moderately  large  and  numerous  (15  or  16).  . 

Fint  costal  division  distinctly  shorter  than  2nd.     Costal  fringe  very  short. 

. .  1^2  mm.  flava,  Fall, 

63  (62).      First  costal  division  distinctly  longer  than  2nd.     Fringe  only  moderately 

short 1t~14  mm.  collini. 

64  (57).     Costa  much  short  of  wing  middle. 

65  (66).      Cilia  on  hind  tibioi  distinct  and  fairly  large.     (Thorax 'black) . 

..  1^  mm.  nigrescens. 

66  (65).     Cilia  fine  and  very  indistinct. 

67  (68).     Thoraw  red  or  yellow.    A  moderate  sized  species 1-1^  ram.  lutescens. 

68  (67).     Thorax  black.     A  very  small  species  f  mm.  ia(a. 

SECTION    D. 
Costal  fringe  long  or  very  long. 

1  (50_^.     Mesopleuras    bristly.        {In    conformis   bristles    very    tender   and   not   in- 

frequently quite  absent) . 

2  (33).     Halteres  black,  sometimes  yellow  in  involuta. 

3  (18).     First  joint  of  front  tarsi  dilated,  or  the  whole  tarsus  distinctly  thickened. 
■  4     (7).     Costa  conspicuously  short  of  half  the  wing  length,  f  or  less. 

5  (6).     First    costal    division  not  half  as  long  again   as  the  other  two    together. 

Fore  metatarsus  co7ispicuoushj  dilated  in  male,  the  other  joints  and  the 
whole  tarsus  of  female  slender    1-li  mm.  manicata. 

6  (5).     First  costal  division   at   least    double  the  other  two.      The  whole  tarsus 

short  and  thickened  in  both  sexes   about  1  mm.  involuta. 

7  (4).     Costa  to  wing  middle,  or  nearly. 

8  (11).     The  metatarsus  only  dilated,  the  other  joints  of  both  sexes  slender. 

9  (10).      Wings    dusky;  fringe  only  moderately  long  ;   1  from  two  to  three  times 

2  +  3.     Hypopygium  without  bristles.     A  large  species. 

...2  mm.  obscuripennis. 

10  (9).      Wings  clear,  or  nearly  so  ;  fringe  full  long  :   1  from  half  as  long  again  to 

twice  as  long  as  2  +  3.     Hypopygium  with  two  or  three  bristles  under- 
neath.     A  small  or  tiny  species.     Pleurae  sometimes  bare. 

...about  f  mm.  conformis. 

11  (8).     The  whole  tarsus  distinctly  thickened  in  the  male,  but  in  the  female  the 

thickening  limited  to  the  metatarsus. 

12  (13).     Legs  more  or  less  yellow.     Hypopygium  quite  bare. 

...1^-lf  mm.  hortensis. 


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CONTENTS.  p^GE 

Another  hundred  new  British  species  of  Diptera  {continued). — Tke  late   G.  H. 

Verrall,  F.E.S 145 

A  table  of  the  British  species  of  the  Coleopterous  genus  Q-yrophaena,  Mann. — 

Norman  H.  Joy,  M.R.C.S.,  F.E.S 148 

Strophosomus  curvipes;  aColeopteron  new  to  Britain. — D.  Sharp,  M.A.,  F.R.S.  150 

Coleoptera  in  Devonshire. — P.  de  la  Garde,  R.N-,  F.E.S 151 

Help-Notes  towards  the  determination  of  British  Tenthredinidse,  &c.  (29). — 

Rev.  F.  D.  Morice,  M.A.,  F.E.S   153 

Agriades  gravesi,  n.sp.  :  a  new  Lycsenid  (with  two  plates). —  T.  A.  Chapman, 

M.D.    ......_ 159 

DiscoTcry  of  Planeustoraus  flavicollis,  Fauv.,  in  England  (Coleoptera  Staphy- 

linidae).— Z).  Sharp,  M.A.,  F.R.S 162 

Agrion  armatum,  Charp.,  in  the  Norfolk  Broads. —  G.  T.  Porritt,  F.L.S 163 

Societies. — Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Entomological  Society 163 

South  London  Entomological  Society 164 

Entomological  Society  of  London    165 

Notes  on  British  Pliora  (Corrections   and   Additions)    (concluded). — John    H. 

Wood,  M.B 166 

Supplementary  Notes  on  the  preceding. — Id 173 


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August,  1912.]  177 

13  (12).     Legs  dark  brown  to  almost  black,     Hypopygium  bristly,  or  at  least  with  a 

long  hair  or  two  at  each  corner  {alticolella). 

14  (15).     All  the  joints  of  the  fore-tarsi  yellow  in  both  sexes.     Hypopygium  without 

bristles,  only  with  a  long  hair  or  two  on  each  side. 

...l^-lf  mm.  alticolella. 

15  (14),     The  whole  tarsus,  or  at  least  the  metatarsus  dusky.    Hypopygium  strongly 

bristled. 

16  (17).      Wings  tinted.     Legs  brown  or  dark  brown;   hind  femora  of  male  thickly 

fringed  beneath  with  short  and  stubby  hairs.     Hypopygium  with  three 
or  four  bristles  at  the  corner  and  as  many  more  diagonally  on  the  side. 

...Ij-lf  mm.  humilis. 

17  (16).      Wings   clear.     Legs  black  or  nearly  so  ;  the  hairs  underneath  the  hind 

femora  of    ordinary    character.      Hypopygium   with   only   the   corner 
bristles    l^li  mm.  hyalipennis. 

Fore-tarsi  slender,  or  at  least  not  strikingly  thickened. 

Mesopleurae  with  one  very  large  and  conspicuous  bristle,  beside  the 
ordinary  ones. 

Costa  to  middle  of  wing.     Legs  yellow  tinged  with  grey.    A  largish  species. 

. . .  1 1-2  mm.  fungivora. 

Costa  considerably  short  of  wing  middle.     Legs  black.     A  small  species. 

...  about  1  mm.  pectoralis. 

Pleurai  without  such  bristle. 

Large  species — 2  mm.  and  over.     Tibial  cilia  strong  and  sparse. 

...2^2  mm.  Beckeri. 

Small  species — 1  myn.  or  rather  more.  Tibial  cilia  at  most  of  moderate 
size. 

First  costal  division  greatly  longer  than  the  other  two — two  to  three  times 
as  long.  Metatarsi  and  lower  end  of  tibise  of  hind  pair  of  legs 
thickened  1  mm.  clavipes. 

First  costal  division  not  greatly  longer — at  most  half  as  long  again.  Meta- 
tarsi and  tibise  of  hind  legs  simple. 

Upper  supra-antennal  bristles  not  outside  an  alignment  with  inner  bristles 
of  middle  frontal  row  ;  bristles  of  lower  frontal  row  not  approximated. 

Wings  clear;  thin  veins  fine  and  delicate.  Hypopygium  with  a  long 
conspicuous  bristle  on  each  side barely  1  mm.  nigripes. 

Wings  yellowish  brown  ;  veiria  strong  and  distinct.  Hypopygium  without 
bristles,  but  attached  to  sub-anal  body  a  curious  claw-like  yellow 
process  with  its  point  directed  forward. 

...  1  mm.  or  a  trifle  more,  unguicularis. 

30  (27).     Upper  supra-antennal  bristles  outside  such  alignment;  bristles  of  lower 

frontal  row  approximated. 

31  (32).     Supra-antennal  bristles  small,  under  ones  minute.      Costa  fully  to  wing 

middle.     Hypopygium  bare,  very  large  and  globular,  and  with  a  long 
yellow  process  underneath,  much  as  in  imguicularis. 

...barely  1  mm.  barbulata. 

32  (31)'.     Supra-antennal  bristles  large  and  nearly  equal.     Costa  considerably  short 

of  wing  middle.     Hypopygium  of  ordinary  shape  and  bristly. 

...1-1^  mm.  hirsuta. 
O 


18 

(3), 

19 

(22). 

20 

(21). 

21 

(20). 

22 

(19). 

23 

(24). 

24 

(23). 

25 

(2Q). 

26 

(25), 

27 

(30). 

28 

(29) 

29 

(28) 

178  [August, 

33  (2).     Halterex  i/ellotv. 

Tnvol Ufa,  already  included  in  the  group  with  black  halteres,  some- 
times has  these  organs  yellow,  but  its  thickened  fore-tarsi  should 
prevent  its  being  mistaken  for  any  of  the  species  under  this  lieading. 

34  (39).      Costa  conspicuously  short,  except   in  female  albipennis,  where  it   nenrttf 

reaches  the'wing  middle. 

35  (36).      One  of  the  pleural   bristles  very   large   and  conspicuous.      Tibial  cilia 

fairly  strong  and  sparse li-lf  ""i^-  nlbipennis. 

36  (35).      Bristles  equal  or  nearly  so.      Tibial  cilia  wealc  and  numerous,  or  quite 

absent. 

37  (38).      Wings  nearly  clear  ;  fringe  very,  hit  not  extremely,  long ;  first  costal  divi- 

sion double  the  other  ftoo.    Tibial  cilia  fine  and  numerous.    Moderately 
large  species l^-lf  mm.  simplex. 

38  (37).      Wings  yellowish    hrotvn ;  fringe    extremely    long;  first    costal    division 

barely  half  as  long  again  as  the  other  two.      A  very  small  species. 

...f  mm.  superciliata. 

39  (34).      Costa  long,  sometimes  just  short  of  the  tving^middle  {altifrons  and  sub- 

pleuralis),  hut  usually  beyond  it. 

40  (41).     First  thin  vein  well  curved  at  its  origin,  especially  in  the  female.     Hind 

femora  of  male  densely  fringed  on  the  basal  half  with  long  hairs. 
Hypopygium  curiously  clothed  behind  with  long  and  overhanging 
hairs     2|  mm.  sordida,  Ztt. 

41  (40).      The    vein   only   gently   curved.     Hind  femora  and  hypopygium  without 

such  hairs. 

42  (43).     Frons  high,  scarcely  broader  than  long  I5  mm.  altifrons. 

43  (42).     Frons  low,  about  \  broader  than  long. 

Four  closely  allied  species  come  under  this  heading.  Common 
to  all  of  them  is  a  moderately  broad  frons  with  full-sized  antennae, 
closely  approximated  svipra-antennal  bristles,  large  and  neai-ly  equal, 
and  large  and  prominent  yellow  palpi ;  the  costal  fringe  is  very  long, 
the  ciirve  at  the  origin  of  the  first  thin  vein  gentle  in  the  male,  biit 
more  pronounced,  though  still  moderate,  in  the  female  ;  and  the  tibial 
cilia  always  distinct  and  generally  large,  fore-tarsi  somewhat  thick  in 
both  sexes  of  variabilis  and  in  the  female  of  pleuralis. 

44  (49),     First  costal  division  not  longer  or   barely  longer  than  the  .lecond,  and 

distinctly  .shorter  than  the  .second  and  third  together. 

45  (46).  7' Male  hypopygium  armed  at  the  corners  and  on  the  sides  with  large  and 

conspicuous  bristles,  almost  identical  in  number  and  distribution  with 
those  in  humilis    1^-2  mm.  pleuralis, 

46  (45).     Hypopygium  without  bristles. 

47  (48).      Wings  clear  ;  angle  at  fork  rather  variable  but  never  acute. 

...1^-2  mm.  diversa. 

48  (47).      Wings  deeply  tinged   with   yellowish  brown;  angle   at  fork   acute   but 

rather  variable  2-2-i  mm.  variabilis. 

49  (44\     First  costal  division  about  twice  as  long  as  the  2nd,  and  distinctly  longer 

than  the  2nd  and  3rrf  together.     Hypopygium  armed  with  some  small 
and  inconspicuous  bristles,   somewhat   similar  to  those  of  pleuralis. 

...lA  mm,  subpleuralis. 


1912.]  ]79 

50  (1).     Mesopleurae  hare. 

51  (52).      Cilia  on  middle  and  hind  tihise  irregular  in  di-itrihution  and  placed  on 

both  sides  the  seam 3  mm.  melanocephala,  v.  Ros. 

52  (51).      Cilia  of  regular  distribution   and  placed   onlt/    on  the  inner  side  of  the 

seam. 

53  (62).      Costa  of  female  swollen. 

54  (57).      Costa  greatlg  swollen,  encroaching  on  coital  cells,  and  partiaVg  oblitera- 

ting the  first  thin  vein.     Thorax  pale. 

55  (56).      Costal  swelling  stops  well  short  of  the  inner  branch  of  the  second  thick 

rein If  ram.  costalis,  v.  Ros. 

56  (55).      Costal  swelling  extends  to  end  of  the  co-tta...2  mm.  brunneipennis,  Costa. 

57  (54).      Costal  swelling  comparativelg  slight  and  not  encroaching  on  costal  cells. 

Thorax  dark. 

58  (59).     Halteres  and  legs  yellow.     Anal  organ  of  ordinary  size. 

...1-1^  mm.  suhtumida. 

59  (58).     Halteres  and  legs  dark.     Anal  organ  minute. 

60  (61).      Costa    conspicuously   stooUen,   almost  humped  ;    fringe    only    moderately 

long.     A  moderate-sized  species  1^-H  mm.  denotata. 

61  (60).      Costa   not  conspicuously  swollen    {may    be   overlooked    in    unfavourable 

positions  of  the  wing)  ;  fringe  very  long.     A  full-sized  species 

...1^-2  mm.  tiimida. 

62  (53).      Costa  not  swollen. 

63  (92),      Costa   long — at   least  to  toing  middle  or  nearly,  very  commonly  beyond 

In  derasa  the  costa  of  the  male  is  occasionally  somewhat  short. 

64  (73).     Halteres  black  or  brown,  sometimes  dusky  yellow  {angusta,  var.). 

65  (66).      Tibial  cilia  large  and  sparse. 

A  large  species  with  dark  legs,  f  oiu*  large  and  equal  siipra-antennal 
bristles,  the  upper  ones  oiitside  an  alignment  with  inner  bristles  of 
middle  frontal  row,  and  with  the  first  costal  division  shorter  than  the 
other  two  .  2  mm.  frontalis. 

66  (65).      Cilia  very  weak  and  numerous,  or  tibise  quite  bare  [rubescens). 

67  (68).     Anal  oryan  minute.     A  very  small  species. 

Hjrpopygium  very  large  with  small  erect  hairs  on  the  sides  and  a 
coiiple  of  bristles,  one  above  the  other,  on  each  side...  J  mm.  discreta, 

68  (67).     Anal  organ  not  minute,  nor  the  species  very  small. 

69  (70).      Halteres   yellowish  brown.      Thorax   dusky    red.      Hypopygium   with    a 

bunch  of  bristles  on  each  side.     Costal  fringe  only  moderately  long. 

...If  mm.  rubescens. 

70  (69).     Halteres  and  thorax  black.     Hypopygium  without  such  bristles.     Fringe 

long. 

71  (72).     First  costal  division  much  longer  than  the  second,  generally  twice  as  long, 

A  large  species 1^-2}  mm.  fusca. 

72  (71).     First  costal  division  not  longer  or  only  slightly  longer  than  the  second 

the  venation  being  the  same  as  in  subtumida.     Not  a  large  species. 

...\\  mm.  more  or  less,  angusta. 

73  (64).     Halteres  yellow. 

2  O 


180  [Augusr, 

74  (75).     Inner  bristle  of  lower  frontal  row  clone  to  the  eye  margin  and  in  vertical 

line  with  the  outer  one ;  upper  supra-antennal  bristles  vert/  tuide 
apart.  The  black  thorax  is  tinged  with  red  in  all  the  specimens 
I  have  seen  ]  ^  mm.  infraposifa. 

75  (74).     Frontal  bristles  in  usual  position  and  supra-antennal  ones  approximated. 

76  (77).      Costa  and  fringe  both  r^ery  long,  the  former  extremelt/  so — about  |  toing 

length.     Tibial  cilia  minnte  and  ninnerous. . . .  1  mm.  longicostalis. 

77  (76).      Costa  well  short  of  ^  the  wing  length. 

78  (81).     Male  abdomen  clothed  on  the  sides  with  numerous  blunt-ended  and  I'ery 

long  hairs. 

79  (80).      Supra-antennal  bristles  small,  the  under  ones  minute.      Male  hind  tibise 

of  curious  shape,  the  upper  ridge-like  edge  being  flattened  out  on  its 
loioer  third  or  rather  more   f  mm.  hirtiventris. 

80  (79A     Four  large  and  nearly  equal  .sup^a-antennal  bristles.     Hind  tibise  .simple 

and  bare  2^-3  mm.  rufipes,  Mg. 

81  (78).     Male  abdomen  not  so  clothed. 

82  (83).      Male  hind  tibiae  shaped  as  in  hirtirentris. 

Supra-antennal  bristles  small,  under  ones  min^^te.  First  costal 
division  from  two  to  three  times  as  long  as  the  second,  the  proportion 
greatest  in  male.     Male  costa  sometimes  not  fully  to  wing  middle. 

...li-lj  mm.  deraia. 

83  (82).     Hind  tibial  simple. 

84  (87).     Supra-antennal  bristles  large  and  nearly  equal,  at  least  in  the  male. 

85  (86).      Legs   dark    brown,  almost   black  ;  tibial   cilia    distinct    and    of  bristly 

character.      Costa  of  male  barely  to  wing  middle. 

...lf-2:f  mm.  vernal  is. 

86  (85).     Legs  yellowish ;  hind   tihise   bare  or   minutely  ciliated.       Costa   well  to 

middle  of  wing  in  both  sexes lf-2  mm.  pulicaria,  Fal. 

87  (84).     Supra-antennal  bristles  small,  under  ones  minute. 

88  (89).      Upper  edge  (seam)  of  hind  tibix  blunt  and  straight,  without  cilia  on  its 

inner  side,  but  in  the  male  with  numerous  small  erect  or  semi-erect 
hairs  on  the  outer  side.  Hypopygium  long  and  cylindrical,  as  large 
■in  all  its  dimensions  as  the  Qth  segment  or  even  larger  ;  anal  organ 
minute 1t~12  mm.  nudiventris. 

89  (88).      Edge  of  hind  tibix  sharp  and  its  loioer  third  deflected  outwards;  cilia 

distinct  but  not  strong.  Hypopygium  and  anal  organ  ordinary,  both 
in  form  and  size  {.see  Mr.  Collin's  dratoings,  Fol.  xx,  p.  148). 

90  (91) .     Thorax  and  antennas  yellow    ]  i  mm.  lutea,  Mg. 

91  (90).     Thorax  black  or  dusky  red.     Antenna?  red  or  brown. 

...IJ-lf  mm.  scufellaris. 

92  (63).      Costa  conspicuously  short  of  wing  middle. 

93  (100)     Halteres  black  or  (halterata)  brown. 

94  (95).      Tibial  cilia  sparse  and  strong. 

First  costal  division  more  than  double  the  other  two.  Hypopy- 
gium small  and  without  bristles 2  mm.  maura. 

95  (94).     Cilia  weak  and  numerous,  or  (erecta)  tibiae  quite  bare. 


1912.1  181 

96  (99).     Legs  h'ackiah  brown.     First   contal   division   at  the   most  half  as   long 

again  as  the  other  tioo  together.  Anal  organ  minute  and  hypopggium 
large. 

97  (98).      Upper   supra-ajitennal    bristles  approximated.       Last  segment   or  two   of 

male  abdomen  fringed  on  the  ventral  side  with  numerous  stiff  hairs,  or 
rather  bristles,  increasing  in  size  from  before  backwards,  and  continued 
on  to  the  hypopygium  iinder  1  mm.  hirticaudata. 

98  (97).      Upper  supra-antennal  bristles  in  alignment  with  inner  bristles  of  middle 

frontal  row.  Male  abdomen  not  so  fringed,  but  numerous  small  hairs 
along  the  lower  edge  of  the  hypopygium   f  mm.,  erecta. 

99  (96)      Legs  yellow.     First  costal  division  more  than  double  the  other  two.      Hypo- 

pygium and  anal  organ  of  ordinary  form  and  size,  the  former  with  a 
pair  of  closely  approximated  bristles  on  each  side. 

...1:^12  mm.  halterata. 

100  (9.3)    H alter es  yellow. 

101  (106)    First  costal  division  greatly   longer  than  the  other  tivo — at  least  %  as  long 

again  (minutissima). 

102  (105).   By-popyjium  bristly.     Legs  yellow. 

10.3  (104),  Thorax  black,  Hypopygium  with  a  pair  of  bristles  on  each  side.  Not  a 
minute  species  1-li  mm.  halterata. 

lO-l  (103).  Thorax  pale.  Hypopygium  with  only  one  bristle  on  each  side.  A  minute 
species  barely  ^  mm.  mimitissima. 

105  (102).  Hypopygium  without  bristles.     Legs  brown   1-1^  mm.  exigua. 

106  (101).   First  costal  division  not  greatly  longer  than  the  other  two — at  the  most 

i  longer. 

107  (108).    Four  large  and   equal  or  nearly  equal  supra-avtennal  bristles.      Male 

hypopygium  conspicuously  white.      Tibial  cilia  very  fine  and  delicate. 

l-l:f  mm.  albicaudata. 

108  (107).    Under  pair   of  supra-ante7inal    bristles    minute.       Hypopygium    black. 

Tibial  cilia  distinct  but  not  large. 

109  (110).   The  marginal  hairs  on  6th  abdominal  segment  very  large  and  conspicuous. 

...li  mm.  spinicincta. 

110  (109).    Without  such  hairs  1:^  mm.  sylvatica. 

Tarrington,  Ledbuiy : 

July,  1912. 


NOTES     ON     THE     BEITISH     SPECIES     OF     OPHONUS. 

BY    D.    SHARP,    M.A.,    F.R.S. 

No.    1. — 0.    BREVICOLIiIS,    0.    RUFIBARBIS,    aud    0.    CORDATUS. 

When  I  commenced  the  study  o^  British  Coleoptera  (now  I  am 
sorry  to  say  more  than  60  years  ago),  one  of  the  earliest  puzzles  that 
attracted  my  attention  was  the  species  of  Oplionus.  Not  being  able  to 
name  them  I  distinguished  them  by  means  of  numerals,  and  my  collec- 


]  82  [August, 

tion  was  communicated  in  that  state  to  Canon  Fowler.  He  also  was 
much  troubled  by  the  small  species  of  the  genus,  and  his  book  on 
"  British  Coleoptera  "  expressed  a  very  uncertain  opinion  about  them. 
Some  fifteen  or  twenty  years  ago  I  commenced  an  examination  of  the 
sedeagus  in  this  genus,  but  pressure  of  other  work  did  not  allow  me 
to  continue  the  study.  I  have  now,  however,  found  time  to  complete 
it,  and  the  results  will  be  stated  in  the  notes,  of  which  this  is  the  first. 

The  larger  and  metallic  species  of  the  genus  are  easily  dealt  with, 
and  are  comparatively  few  in  number.  The  smaller,  brown  or  blackish 
species  are  really  difficult  to  discriminate,  and  the  Continental,  as  well 
as  the  British  literature,  is  imsatisfactory.  The  sedeagus  does  not 
present  remarkably  different  characters ;  the  lateral  lobes  are  similar 
in  all  the  species,  but  the  median  lobe,  or  body  of  the  organ,  presents 
characters  which,  though  slight,  are  extremely  valuable,  so  that  by 
their  aid  I  have  been  able  to  discriminate  the  species  in  a  satisfactory 
manner.  And  I  find  that  this  group  includes  nine  British  species,  or 
if  we  include  the  brown  variety  of  0.  azureus,  ten  species.  This  is  an 
addition  of  four  species  to  our  catalogue.  As  I  shall  have  occasion  to 
use  their  names  in  my  comparisons,  I  had  better  here  mention  them 
all.  They  ai'e :  1,  brevicollis,  Dej.  ;  2,  rvfibarbis,  Fabr.  ;  3,  cordahii<, 
Duftschm.  ;  4,  rit/picola,  Sturm  ;  5,  rupicoloides,  sp.  n.  ;  6,  championi, 
sp.  n. ;  7,  parallelus,  Dej.  (?)  ;  8,  rectangulus,  Thoms. ;  9,  imncticollis, 
Payk. ;  10,  azureus,  Fabr.  var.  similis,  Dej. 

The  group  does  not  lend  itself  satisfactorily  to  tabulation,  the 
species  being  very  closely  allied,  and  some  of  them  variable.  So  far 
as  our  British  forms  are  concerned,  the  sedeagus  divides  them  fairly 
well  into  two  groups:  (1)  the  aedeagus  terminates  as  a  blunt  point; 
this  includes  only  hrevicollis,  cordatus,  and  rufiharhis,  and  the  latter  is  to 
some  extent  transitory  to  the  second  division  ;  (2)  in  which  the  sedeagus 
terminates  by  a  raised  margin,  which  when  very  strongly  expressed, 
projects  a  little  on  each  side  in  the  form  of  a  sharp  angle.  This  divi- 
sion is  not  a  sharp  one,  as  in  point  of  fact  each  species  differs  a  little 
from  the  others  in  the  shape  of  the  tip.  But  in  addition  to  this  the 
organ  presents  important  differences  in  length,  calibre,  curvature, 
torsion,  the  thickness  of  the  apical  portion,  and  the  extension  of  the 
median  orifice  towards  the  tip.  These  characters  are  nearly,  but  not 
quite,  constant  in  each  species  ;  and  when  a  detennination  is  made  by 
their  aid  it  is  found  that  the  result  is  also  satisfactory  as  regards  the 
body  characters.  The  species  can  in  fact  be  discriminated  without  the 
aid  of  the  sedeagus,  though  the  student  will,  I  hope,  not  be  satisfied 


1912.  J  183 

till  lie  has  tested  his  superficial  discriininatioiis  by  the  examination  of 
the  more  recondite  parts.  I  may  mention  that  besides  my  own  collec- 
tion, I  have  had  the  advantage  of  examining  those  of  Cambridge 
"University,  of  Mr.  Champion,  and  of  Commander  Walker. 

1. — Ophonus  brevicoUis,J)ej.  This  species  may  be  distinguished 
by  its  short,  broad  thorax,  with  sharply  marked  rectangular  hind 
angles,  by  the  pimctuation  of  the  thorax  being  very  scanty  on  the  disc, 
and  by  the  fact  that  the  punctuation  on  the  elytra  tends  to  become 
diminished,  and  though  somewhat  coarse  is  frequently  sub-obsolete.  The 
sedeagus  has  a  blunt  short  tip,  the  apex  being  minutely  ciirved,  but 
without  actual  raised  margin. 

This  is,  apparently,  in  this  covintry,  the  most  abundant  species, 
and  it  is  the  most  unattractive  in  appearance.  It  varies  considerably. 
Length,  6-8  mm.  Coloiir  of  body  above  generally  fusco-piceous,  head 
and  thorax  occasionally  dilute  piceous  so  as  to  be  almost  rufescent. 
The  thorax  does  not  exceed  If  mm.  in  length  in  the  largest  examples. 
The  most  striking  variation  is  to  be  found  in  the  punctuation  of  the 
elytra,  which  in  many  specimens  becomes  so  scanty,  as  to  distinguish 
this  species  from  all  our  others.  Serial  punctures  on  the  3rd  and  6th 
interstices  are  usually  absent,  but  one,  two,  or  three  may  be  present  on 
each  ;  more  frequently  on  the  5th  than  on  the  3rd.  The  sedeagus 
shows  slight  variation  in  length  and  a  little  in  thickness  and  curvature. 

0.  brevicoUis  is  probably  widely  and  generally  distributed  in 
England,  as  I  have  specimens  before  me  from  Cornwall,  the  Isle  of 
Wight,  and  Dumfries- shire,  &c. 

As  regards  synonymy,  the  less  said  the  better.  I  believe  it  to  be 
the  brevicoUis  of  Dejean,  and  the  cribellum  (Stephens)  of  Dawson. 
Mr.  Champion  has  examined  the  Stephens  collection,  and  as  a  result 
I  feel  that  we  ought  not  to  take  that  name  into  consideration.  Dejean 
thought  this  species  might  be  foramimdosus,  Marsham,  and  I  should 
apply  that  name  to  it,  were  it  not  that  Dawson  states  that  he  has 
examined  the  type  of  Carabus  foraininulosus,  and  that  it  is  not  this 
species. 

2. — Oplwnus  rufibarbis,  Fabr.  This  is  the  largest  form  of  the 
group,  the  length  varying  from  8  to  10  mm.  The  thorax  is  always 
longer  than  it  is  in  brevicoUis,  and  its  pimctuation  is  greater  ;  the 
hind  angles  are  perfectly  rectangular  and  well  marked,  and  there  is  no 
trace  of  a  basal  margin.  The  oedeagus  is  altogether  larger  than  it  is 
in  brevicoUis,  and  is  more  contorted,  with  a  considerably  broader  apical 
portion. 


184  [August, 

This  species  is  not  abundant,  and  the  series  I  have  examined  does 
not  exhibit  much  variation.  In  immature  individuals  the  head  and 
thorax  may  be  rufescent,  but  not  very  brightly  so.  There  is  no 
tendency  to  the  diminution  of  elytral  punctuation,  the  character  that 
is  so  striking  in  0.  hrevicollis.  In  July  and  August,  1890  and  1891, 
I  met  with  a  fine  series  of  0.  rnfibarbis  at  Swaffhamprior  in 
Cambridgeshire  on  the  Devil's  Dyke,  and  Commaniler  Walker  finds  it 
not  very  rarely  about  Oxford.  It  also  occurs  not  rarely  near  Chatham, 
and  Mr.  Champion  possesses  a  specimen  from  Mickleham. 

The  application  of  the  name  rnfibarbis  is  conventional.  Fabricius's 
few  words  containing  nothing  characteristic  ;  but  I  make  use  of  it  in 
this  manner  as  involving  the  least  change  and  inconvenience. 

3. — 0.  cordatus,  Duftschm.  In  this  species  the  thorax  is  very 
much  rounded  at  the  sides  in  front,  and  greatly  narrowed  behind,  the 
sides  there  becoming  parallel  for  a  short  distance  so  that  the  angles 
are  quite  rectangular ;  there  is  a  raised  margin  along  the  base,  fine 
but  quite  distinct.  The  punctuation  of  the  upper  surface  is  coarse, 
and  the  colour  is  usually  a  pale  brown  or  tawny  inclining  to  piceous, 
and  sometimes  red  on  the  head  and  thorax. 

Although  these  characters  render  this  species  easy  to  distinguish, 
nevertheless  there  is  sometimes  confusion  between  it  and  rtipicola : 
the  latter  does  not  have  the  sides  of  the  thorax  behind  truly  parallel 
and  the  base  is  not  margined.  The  two  species  differ  in  various  other 
ways  and  the  sedeagus  is  very  different. 

0.  cordatus  is  really  nearer  to  0.  riifiharbis,  but  the  last-named 
species  has  the  thorax  much  broader  at  the  base  and  without  a  raised 
margin  there. 

The  aedeagus  of  cordatus  is  very  like  that  of  rufibarbis,  except  for 
being  considerably  shorter :  and  in  the  British  list  cordatus  should 
come  next  to  rufibarbis,  the  distinction  of  the  two  as  regards  the  basal 
margin  of  the  thorax  being  of  less  importance  than  the  similarity  of 
the  male  organ. 

0.  cordatus  is  decidedly  a  scarce  insect  in  this  country,  and  most  of 
the  specimens  in  our  collections  come  from  the  neighbourhood  of  Deal, 
where  it  appears  to  vary  but  little.  It  is  not  however  strictly  a  coast 
species,  and  Mr.  Champion's  collection  includes  a  specimen  from 
Mickleham,  and  tM^o  from  Croydon,  and  all  these  three  individuals 
differ  so  much  from  the  Deal  form  that  they  might  give  rise  to  the 
idea  of  a  distinct  species.     These  specimens  are  all  female,  and  are  far 


1912.]  185 

from  agreeing  together,  so  that  there  is  no  probability  of  their  repre- 
senting a  distinct  species,  although  the  remark  on  inland  specimens  of 
0.  cordatus  in  Fowler's  "British  Coleoptera  "  (i,  p.  45),  might  give 
rise  to  the  idea  that  inland  specimens  supposed  to  be  cordatus  are 
really  not  so.  And  it  may  be  here  stated  that  cordatvs  is  not  a  mari- 
time species  on  the  Continent.  One  of  Champion's  Croydon  examples 
is  very  large  and  dark  in  colour  with  an  ample  prothorax,  so  that  it 
reminds  one  strongly  of  0.  rufiharhis.  The  Mickleham  individual,  on 
the  contrary,  is  small,  has  diminished  punctuation  and  is  somewhat 
reminiscent  of  0.  rnpicoloides.  Variation  of  this  kind  has  given  rise 
to  the  idea  that  most  of  our  British  species  are  really  only  one,  but  my 
study  has  convinced  me  that  this  is  entirely  erroneous. 

The  name  in  the  case  of  0.  cordatus  is  satisfactory.  The  species 
was  figured  by  Sturm  (Deutsch.  Ins.  iv,  tab.  94,  fig.  C)  from  a 
specimen  from  the  Duftschmidt  collection,  and  Sturm's  figure  no 
doubt  represents  the  insect  under  consideration,  though  it  has  a 
ridiculous  blunder  as  regards  the  front  margin  of  the  thorax. 

Lawnside,  Brockenhurst : 
July  12th,  1912. 

{To  be  continued.) 


NOTE  ON  A  PECULIAR  FORM  OF  NOTIOPHILUS. 
BY    JAMES    E.    BLACK,    F.E.S. 

Some  years  ago  I  took  a  NotiopJiilus  at  Peebles,  Scotland,  which 
appeared  to  differ  from  any  of  our  British  species,  especially  by  a 
patch  of  testaceous- brown  on  the  outer  posterior  side  of  each  elytron. 
This  colovir-mark  is  entirely  different,  both  in  colour  and  position,  from 
the  ordinary  testaceous  apex  characteristic  of  some  of  our  Notiophili. 

Unfortunately  this  example  was  lost,  but  in  1906  I  took  another, 
also  at  Peebles,  though  in  a  different  locality,  which  I  believe  to  be  the 
same  species. 

Mr.  Donisthorpe  then  kindly  compared  the  specimen  with  the 
British  and  European  Notiophili  in  the  South  Kensington  collections, 
but  could  not  find  any  to  agree  with  it. 

Herr  Reitter,  to  whom  I  sent  the  specimen,  has  returned  it  as 
bigeminus,  Th.  =  pusillus,  Wat.,  var. 


186  [August, 

On  going  to  Brockenhurst.  last  Jmie  I  showed  the  insect  to 
Dr.  Sharp,  who  has  kindly  gone  very  fully  into  the  matter  for  me,  and 
who  has  just  had  a  NotiopJiilus  sent  him  by  Col.  Yerbury,  taken  in 
Sutherlandshire  this  summer,  which  corresponds  with  mine.  According 
to  him  it  is  apparently  a  rare  mountain  form,  and  it  is  of  interest  to 
note  that  Thomson  in  his  "  Skandanaviens  Coleoptera,"  Vol.  I,  p.  182, 
mentions  as  var.  c.  of  aquaticus,  a  form  which  appaerntly  corresponds 
to  these  Scotch  examples. 

Peebles:  July,  1912 


NOTE   ON   THE   ACBITUS   MINUTUS,   Hbst.,  AND   A.  NIGBICORNIS, 
HoFFM.,   OF   BEITISH   COLLECTIONS. 

BY    JAMES    EDWARDS,    F.E.S. 

These  two  species  are  given  as  British  in  the  Beare-Donisthorpe 
Catalogue  of  1904.  According  to  the  current  definitions,  as  given  in 
the  few  Continental  beetle  books  at  my  command,  the  following,  inter 
alia,  are  their  index  characters  inter  se. 

Pronotum  without  a  transverse  row  of  punctures  near  the  base.     Habitat  under 
bark  and  in  rotten  wood  (according  to  one  writer,  generally  with  ants) 

...minutus,  Hbst. 
Pronotum  with  a  slightly  impressed  transverse  sinuovis  row  of  punctures  near 
the  base.     Habitat  in  decaying  vegetable  matter    7iigricornis,  Hoffm. 

In  a  manure  heap  here,  I  get  an  Acritus  which  is  evidently  nigri- 
cornis  as  defined  above ;  but  this  is  also  the  same  as  a  specimen  of 
minutiis  which  I  bought  of  E.  W.  Janson  many  years  ago  under  that 
name.  Wishing  to  see  minutus  proper,  which  according  to  Fowler  is 
common  and  generally  distributed,  I  applied  to  several  correspondents 
for  an  Acritus  of  that  name  having  no  row  of  punctures  near  the  base 
of  the  pronotum  and  subcortical  in  habitat  :  no  one  has  it. 
Mr.  Champion's  minutus  are  all  like  the  one  I  had  from  Janson,  and  so 
are  forty-seven  specimens  of  so-called  minutus  kindly  lent  to  me  hy 
Mr.  Donisthorpe.  As  long  ago  as  1862  these  two  species  were  clearly 
diagnosed  by  Thomson,  but  they  remain  inade(|uately  distinguished  in 
our  English  text-books ;  the  chai'acters  given  in  Cox's  Handbook  are 
inacciirate,  and  in  Col.  Brit.  Isl.,  the  correct  diagnoses  are  so  modified 
that  they  become  worthless.  I  am  ixnable  to  find  any  evidence  that  the 
real  A.  minutus,  Hbst.,  has  ever  occurred  in  this  country  ;  indeed,  the 
evidence  on  the  subject,  such  as  it  is,  indicates  rather  that  the 
A.  minntus  of  British  authors  and  collections  has  always  been 
A.  nigricornis. 

Colesborne,  Cheltenham  : 
June  22nd,  1912. 


i«i2.]  187 

HEMIPTERA     IN     CARMARTHENSHIRE. 

BY  E.    A.    BUTLER,    B.A.,   B.Sc,    P.E.S. 
(Concluded  from  page  111). 

Saldid^. 

Salda  scotica.  Curt*  :  on  the  Towy,  at  Twm  Shon  Catti's  Cave,  near 
Llandovery.  Salda  orthochila,  Fieb. :  Sandhills,  Kidwelly.  S.  saltatoria,  L.  : 
common.  S.  c-alhiim,  Fieb.*  :  on  rocks  in  R.  Gwili,  March  and  August,  and  in 
R.  Cothi,  August ;  S.  pallipes,  F. :  common. 

ClMICID^. 

Cryptostemnia  alienum,  H.S.*  :  on  shingle  on  banks  of  R.  Gwili  in  March. 
The  testaceous  larva  was  also  present.  Lyctocoris  campestris,  F.  :  common. 
Piezostethus  flavipes,  Rent. :  in  a  corn  store  at  Carmarthen  I  found  a  specimen  of 
this  insect,  which  has  not  yet  been  found  in  Britain  outside  of  buildings  in 
human  occupation  (see  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  XLIII,  p.  14).  Anthocoris  confusus, 
Reut.,  A.  nemoralis,  F.,  A.  nemorum,  L. :  common.  Microphysa  elegantula,  Baer.  : 
a  few  ?  ?  found  on  dead  trees  at  Carmarthen  had  the  fore  parts  much  darker 
than  usual,  and  the  pubescence  much  longer,  bvit  otherwise  they  agreed  with 
the  type.     Myrmedohia  tenella,  Zett. :  the  ?  ^  common  in  moss  on  Merlin's  Hill. 

Capsid^. 
Pithanus  maerkeli,  H.S.,  Miris  calcaratus,  Fall.,  M.  Ixvigatus,  L.,  M.  holsatus, 
F.,  Megalocerosa  erratica,  L.,  M.  ruficornis,  Fourc. :  all  common.  M.psanimxcolor, 
Reut. :  on  Psamma,  sandhills,  Kidwelly.  Leptopterna  ferrugata,  Fall.,  and  L 
dolahrata,L. :  Carmarthen.  Monalocorisfilicis,!!.:  on  ieviis.  Bryocorispteridis, 
Fall. :  very  abundant  on  Lastrma  and  Athyrium,  with  a  fair  proportion  of 
macropterous  examples.  Phytocoris  longipennis,  Flor,  P.  ulmi,  L.,  and  P.  va7-i2)es, 
Boh. :  common.  Calocoris  sexguttatus,  F.*  :  sweeping  amongst  long  grass  in 
damp  places,  Carmarthen.  C.  iipunctatus,  F.f :  common.  C.  liiieolatus,  Goeze  : 
on  Ononis  at  Pendine.  Stenotus  binotatus,  F*  :  common.  Plesiocoris  rugicollis, 
Fall. :  abundant  on  dwarf  sallows  at  Kidwelly  and  Pendine.  Lygus  pahulinus, 
L. :  common.  L.  viridis.  Fall. :  on  alder,  most  of  the  specimens  with  very  little 
dark  coloration  of  the  clavus.  L.  JucoruiH,  Mey.,*  L.  spinolse,  Mey.,  L.  pratensis, 
L.,  L.  cervinus,  H.S.,  L.  pastinacm,  Fall.,  L.  kalmii,  L. :  all  more  or  less  common. 
Camptozygum  pinastri,  Fall.* :  on  fii-s,  Carmarthen.  Pceciloscytus  palustris, 
Reut.  :  this  insect  occm-s  chiefly  at  roots  of  rushes  and  grasses  in  damp  places 
on  the  Pendine  sandhills.  I  have  also  found  it  in  a  damp  spot  amongst  rushes 
jiist  outside  Carmarthen.  On  the  continent  it  is  said  to  occur  on  Galium 
paliLstre  (see  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  XL VI,  p.  141).  Liocoris  tripustiUatus,  F. :  common. 
Capsus  ruber,  L.,  and  Bhopalotomus  ater,  L. :  Carmarthen.  Allodapus  rufescens, 
Btu'm. :  one  specimen  on  heathy  ground  near  Sarnau.  Systellonotiis  triguttatus, 
L, :  one  specimen  on  Kidwelly  sandhills.  Pilophorus  clavatus,  L.  :  abundant  on 
dwai-f  sallows  at  Kidwelly.  Orthocephalus  saltator,  Hahn*  :  Carmarthen.  Also 
sandhills  at  Ferryside,  where  the  specimens  are  more  thickly  covered  with  white 
scales  than  usual.  Macrolophus  nuhilus,  H.S.*  :  on  Bubus  at  Conwil.  DicypMis 
epilobii,  Reut.,  and  D.  errans,  Wolff :  Carmarthen,      D.  stachydis,  Reut.* :  one 


188  [August, 

specimen,  Carmarthen.  D.  pallidicornis,  Fieh.* .-  rare,  although  the  foxglove  is 
abundant.  D.  annulaUis,  Wolff* :  common  on  Ononis  at  Kidwelly,  Ferryside, 
and  Pendiue.  Campyloncuravirgula,11.8. -.  Carmarthen,  ^^torhinus  angulatus. 
Fall. :  common  on  alder.  Globiceps  cruciatus,  Eeut. :  on  dwarf  sallows  at 
Kidwelly.  Mecomma  amhulans,  Fall. :  common  on  ferns.  Cyrtorrhinus  caricis, 
Fall.*  :  amongst  rushes,  Carmarthen.  Orthotylus  flavmervis,  Kb. :  on  alders, 
Carmarthen.  0.  marginalis,  Eeiit. :  common  on  dwarf  sallows,  Kidwelly.  0. 
tenellus,  Fall. :  one  specimen,  Carmarthen.  0.  ochrotrichus,  D.  and  S.,  and  0. 
diaphmius,  Kb. :  Carmarthen.  Hypsityhis  bicolor,  D.  and  S. :  on  furze,  Carmarthen. 
Heterotoma  merioptera.  Scop. :  common.  Malacocoris  chlorizans.  Fall. :  on  hazel, 
Carmarthen.  Macrotijlus  paykulli,  Mey. :  common  on  Ononis  on  the  sandliills 
at  Kidwelly  and  Ferryside.  Byrsoptera  rufifrons,  Fall. .-  Carmarthen,  not  very 
common.  Phylus  coryli,  v.  avellanae,  Mey. :  Carmarthen.  Psalhis  variabilis, 
Fall. :  Carmarthen.  F.  lepidus,  Fieb.,  and  var.  minor  -.  Carmarthen.  /'.  alnicola, 
D.  and  S.*:  on  alders,  Carmarthen.  P.  varians,  H.S.,  and  P.  diminutus,  Kb.: 
Merlin's  Hill.  P.  roseus,  F. :  very  abundant  on  dwarf  sallows,  Kidwelly.  P. 
salicellus,  Mey. :  on  hazel,  Carmarthen  and  Conwil.  Atractotomus  magnicornis, 
Fall. :  on  Scotch  firs,  Carmarthen.  Plagiognathus  alhipennis,  Fall. :  on  Arte- 
misia, Kidwelly.  P.  chrysanthemi,  Wolfif,  and  P.  arbustorum,  F. :  common.  P. 
pulicarius,  Fall.,  and  P.  saltitans.  Fall..-  Kidwelly  sandhills.  Asciodema 
obsoletum,  D.  and  S. :  on  furze,  Carmarthen. 

Nepa  cincrea,  L. :  Carmarthen. 

NoTONECTID.a:. 

Notonecta  glauca,  L. :  Abergviili. 

CoRixiD.*;. 

Corixa  geoffroyi.  Leach,  C.  venusta,  D.  and  S.,  C.  striata,  L.,  C.  fallenii,  Fieb. : 
Pondside,  Carmarthen. 

HOMOPTERA. 
CEECOPiD.a;. 

Aphrophora  alni,  Fall. :  common.  A.  salicis,  De  G. :  on  dwarf  sallows,  Kid- 
welly. Philainus  spuniarius,  L.,  and  P.  lineatus,  L. :  common.  A  large  form  of 
the  latter  occiu's  on  the  sandhills  at  Ferryside. 

jASSID.ffi. 

Megophthalmus  scanicus,  Fall. :  Pendine.  Euacanthus  interruptus,  L.  : 
Pendine.  E.  acuminatus,  F. :  Carmarthen  and  Pendine.  Oncopsis  (Bytho- 
scopus)  alni,  Schr. :  on  alders,  Carmarthen.  0.  JlavicoUis,  L. :  on  hazel, 
Merlin's  Hill.  Macropsis  (Pediopsis)  tibialis,  Scott:  Pendine.  M.  impura, 
Boh. :  on  dwarf  sallows,  Kidwelly  and  Pendine.  M.  cerea.  Germ. :  on 
sallows,  Pendine.  M.  virescens,  F. :  one  specimen,  Carmarthen.  Idiocerus 
elegans,  Flor  :  on  sallows,  Pendine.  I.  lituratus.  Fall.  :  on  sallows, 
Pendine  and  Kidwelly.  Agallia  puncticeps.  Germ. :  Carmarthen.  A.  venosa, 
Fall.f :  at  roots  of  plants,  Carmarthen,  Kidwelly,  and  Pendine.  Acocejohahis 
nervosus,  Sch. :  common.     A  cvirious  dwarf  form  of  this  variable  insect  occiu's 


1912.]  189 

abundantly  under  Erodium  on  the  sandliills  at  Kidwelly  and  Pendine ;  it  is  as 
variable  in  colour  as  the  type.  A.  alhifrons,  L. :  common.  A.  histrionic.us,  F.t : 
tinder  Eroditim,  Kidwelly  and  Ferryside.  Strongylocephalus  agrestis,  Fall.  :  by 
searching  at  roots  of  rushes  and  other  plants  in  damp  places,  Pendine.  This 
insect  keeps  so  close  to  the  ground  that  it  is  not  to  be  taken  by  sweeping. 
Eupelix  cuspidata,  F.f  :  Carmarthen.  E.  producta,  Germ. :  Ferryside,  Pendine, 
and  Careg  Cenen.  Athysanus  sordidus,  Zett. :  Carmarthen  and  Pendine  A.  sahl- 
bergi,  Reut. :  Pendine.  A.  lineolatus,  Brulle :  Carmarthen.  A.  ohsoletus,  Kb. : 
Carmarthen,  Kidwelly,  and  Pendine.  Deltocephalus  ocellaris.  Fall. :  Merlin's 
Hill.  D.  repletiis,  Fieb. :  Moelfre.  D.  socialis,  Flor  :  Kidwelly.  D.  sahulicola, 
Cvirt. :  on  Erodium,  Kidwelly.  B.  striatus,  L. :  Carmarthen.  D.  niaculiceps, 
Boh. :  boggy  land  near  Sai-nati.  Thamnotettix  striatula,  Fall. :  boggy  land  near 
Sarnau.  T.  attenuatws,  Germ.t :  Ferryside  and  Pendine.  Limotettix  4-notata, 
F. :  common.  L.nigricornis,  J.  Sahlh. :  amongst  rushes,  Carmarthen.  L.sulphu- 
rella,  Zett. :  Careg  Cenen.  Cicadula  variata,  Fall. :  Carmarthen.  C.  sexnotata. 
Fall. :  common.  Dikraneura  jlavipennis,  Zett. :  amongst  Carices,  Pendine.  D. 
citrinella,  Zett. :  amongst  grasses  and  ferns  by  the  side  of  the  River  Cothi, 
Nantgaredig.  Empoasca  butleri,  Edw. :  this  beaixtiful  insect  I  first  found  on 
dwarf  sallows  at  Kidwelly  and  Pendine,  where  it  is  common,  and  it  was  from 
there  that  Mr.  Edwards  described  the  species  (see  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  XLIV,  p.  81). 
I  have  since  found  it  in  several  places  in  Hampshire,  including  the  New  Forest, 
and  at  Waltham  Abbey  in  Herts.  Eupteryx  vittatus,  L.,  and  E.  notatus,  Curt. ; 
Pendine.  E.  urticse,  F.,  and  E.  stachydearum,  Hdy. :  Merlin's  Hill.  E.  signati- 
pen7iis,  Boh. :  on  Spirsea,  Pendine.  E.  concinna,  Germ. :  Merlin's  Hill. 
Typhlocyba  jucunda,  11.8. :  on  alder,  Carmarthen.  T.  ienerrimo,  H.S. :  Pendine. 
T.  cratsegi,  Dougl. :  Merlin's  Hill.  T.  avellanse,  Edw.,  and  T.  quercus,  F.  : 
Carmarthen.  T.  nitidula,  F. :  on  wych  elm,  Careg  Cenen.  T.  geometrica,  Sch. : 
on  alders,  Carmarthen.  Zygina  alneti,  Dall.:  on  alders,  Carmarthen.  Z.parvula, 
Boh. :  Pendine. 

FULGORID.5;. 

Cixius  nervosus,  L. :  Carmarthen  and  Kidwelly.  C.  brachycranus.  Scott 
Carmarthen  and  Nantgaredig.  Megamelus  nohda.  Germ.,  and  M.  fieberi,  Scott 
at  roots  of  rushes  in  very  damp  places,  Pendine.  Kelisia  vittipennis,  J.  Sahib. t 
Carmarthen.  Conomelus  limbatus,  F.,  and  Delpliax  pellucida,  F. :  common.  D 
discreta,  Edw. :  Carmarthen.  D.  forcipata.  Boh. :  'Moelfre.  D.  aubei,  Perris 
Ferryside.  D.  fairmairei,  Perris :  common.  Dicranotropis  hamata,  Boh. 
Merlin's  Hill. 

PSTLLID.®. 

Livia  juncorum,  Latr. :  on  rushes,  Kidwelly.  Bhinocola  ericse.  Curt. : 
Moelfre.  Aphalara  picta,  Zett. :  Llanstephan  and  Merlin's  Hill.  Psylla  mali,  v. 
viridissima,  Scott :  Carmarthen.  P.  buxi,  L. ;  Nantgaredig.  P.  nigrita,  Zett.  : 
Ferryside.     P.  salicicola,  Forst. :  Pendine. 

[In  preceding  paper,  pp.  109-111,  for  Sarnan  read  Sarnau.] 

56,  Cecile  Park,  Crouch  End,  N. 
April  9th,  1912. 


190  [August, 

CEPHALOTHRIPS    MONILICORNIS,    Eetjt.  :     AN    ADDITION    TO    THE 
THYSANOPTERA  OF  GEEAT  BEITAIN. 

BY    RICHARD    S.    BAGNALL,    F.L.S. 

On  tlie  occasion  of  tlie  British  Association  Meeting  at  Portsmouth 
last  August,  I  had  the  opportunity  of  spending  a  few  hours  in  the 
New  Forest,  taking  many  interesting  thrips,  chiefly  belonging  to  the 
Terebrantia.  But  at  Matley  Bog  a  species  of  Tubuliferon,  which  I  at 
once  recognized  as  a  Cephalothrips,  occurred  on  long  soft  grass.  Until 
1910  only  the  apterous  form  was  known ;  in  that  year,  however, 
Fryderyk  Schille  [No'we  Formy  Przylzhicnw  (Thysanopterorum  gen.  et. 
spp.  uovob)]  in  the  "  Academia  Litterarum  Gracoviensis  "  recorded  a 
single  female  example  of  the  winged  form.  This  specimen,  which 
Herr  Schille  later  discovered  {;in  litt.)  was  a  male,  has  been  generously 
submitted  to  me  with  other  material  described  by  him  in  the  above 
mentioned  paper. 

Numerous  specimens  of  C.  monilicornis,  Eeut.,  were  collected  by 
Mr.  C.  B.  Williams  and  myself  in  the  New  Forest,  and  although 
Williams  obtained  the  fewer  examples  I  was  very  pleased  to  learn  that 
he  had  been  fortunate  enough  to  obtain  two  examples  of  the  macro- 
pterous  form,  one  of  which  he  has  kindly  placed  in  my  collection. 

Cephalothrips  monilicornis  was  first  taken  by  Renter  in  Finland, 
and  has  been  more  recently  met  with  in  Bohemia  (Uzel),  Poland 
(Schille),  Italy  (Buffa),  and  Norway  (R.  S.  B.). 

University  Museum,  Oxford : 
July  6th,  1912. 


ANOTHEE   HUNDEED   NEW   BEITISH    SPECIES   OF   DIPTERA. 

BY    THE    LATE    G.    H.    VERRALL,    F.E.S. 

(Concluded  from  page  114). 

GOh.     Agathomyia  zetterstedti,  Wahlberg.     Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  still 

keeps  adding  to  the  Herefordshire  species  of  Platypezidse  and  has  sent 

me  a  male  and  three  females  of  this  little  known  species  taken  by  him 

at  Ashperton  Park  from  September  21st  to  October  1st,  1907,     The 

reddish  abdomen  of  the  female  renders  that  sex  very  distinct,  but  the 

black  male  is  as  usual  very  much  like  the  other  males  of  the  genus. 

61.  Pipunculus  incognitus,  Verr.  I  quite  expected  to  find  that 
this  species  was  an  inhabitant  of  Britain,  and  consequently  I  was  not 
surprised  to  receive  a  number  of  specimens  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at 
Nairn,  in  May,  1905. 


1912.]  J91 

61a.  ChUosia  vehdina,  Lw.  Mr. E. C. Bradley  took  several  specimens 
of  this  species  at  West  Runton,  in  Norfolk,  in  Jiily,  1900.  I  failed  to 
name  it  from  Becker's  monograph,  but  upon  sending  a  pair  to  him  he 
identified  them.  It  very  much  resembles  C  proxima,  but  has  paler 
antennae,  and  the  tuft  of  black  hairs  on  the  sides  of  the  abdomen  is  at 
the  hind  corners  of  tlie  ilnrcl  segment.  Dr.  G.  B.  Longstaff  also  took 
a  male  on  August  17th,  1909,  at  Mortehoe,  in  Devonshire.  I  seem  to 
have  taken  a  female  within  two  miles  of  my  own  hoiise  on  August  11th, 
1882,  but  quite  failed  to  recognise  it.  I  do  not  count  it  as  one  of  the 
hundred  species  because  it  has  been  recorded  under  exhibitions. 

62.  Sphierophoria  loewii,  Zett.  Col.  Yerbury  took  a  beautiful 
female  of  this  species  at  Gravesend  on  June  27th,  1908.  It  is  very 
distinct  from  the  other  species  of  the  genus  and  is  easily  laiown  by  its 
brilliantly  shining  thorax  and  entirely  black  antennae. 

62a.  Hammer schmidtia  ferruginea,  Fall.  This  fine  addition  to  the 
British  List  was  captured  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Spey  Bridge  in  Jime, 
1905,  and  a  few  specimens  were  also  taken  there  by  Mr.  C.  Gr.  Lamb. 
It  is  a  remarkably  distinct  species,  which  may  be  known  by  the  long 
strong  black  bristles  which  occur  on  various  parts  of  the  thorax,  by 
the  curved  end  of  the  discal  vein  (which  indicates  relationship  to 
Ascia  and  VoluceUa) ,  by  the  tubercle  which  exists  on  the  middle  of  the 
face  in  the  male  but  is  absent  in  the  female,  by  the  strongly  incrassated 
hind  femora  which  bear  bristles  on  the  underside,  by  the  curved  and 
incrassated  hind  tibiae,  and  by  the  long  curved  abdomen ;  many  of 
these  characters  are  suggestive  of  Xylota  but  the  genus  is  really  allied 
to  Brachyopa.  I  cannot  call  this  a  new  record  for  Britain  because 
specimens  have  been  exhibited  at  a  meeting  of  the  Entomological 
Society  of  London. 

63.  Eudoromyia  tnagnicornis,  Zett.  I  do  not  think  that  I  can  be 
wrong  in  introducing  this  fine  species  as  British  upon  a  female  taken 
by  Col.  Yerbm-y  at  Bridgend,  on  July  23rd,  1908.  It  is  similar  to  the 
common  Echinomyia  fera,  but  is  considerably  larger  and  has  the 
femora  mainly  black.  It  is,  however,  very  desirable  that  both  sexes 
should  be  authenticated. 

64.  Sturmia  ligniperdse,  Br.  &  Berg.  I  am  convinced  that  a  pair 
of  Tachinids,  taken  at  Lyndhurst  Road  on  a  "  Cossus  "  tree  on  July  1st, 
1897,  belong  to  this  little  Icnown  (and  I  am  afraid  not  well  dis- 
tinguished) species. 

65.  Vihrissina  turrita,  Meig.  I  caught  a  specimen  of  this  little 
species  at  Tangham  Wood,  in  Suffolk,  on  August  17th,  1907. 


192  [August, 

66.  Ptychomyia  selecta,  Meig.  This  Tachinid  is  comparatively 
common,  and  I  possess  it  from  Lyndhurst,  Swansea,  Orford  and 
Herefordshire,  but  most  of  my  specimens  were  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury. 

66a.  Bothria  suhalpina,  Villen.  When  describing  this  new  species 
(Wien.  Eut.  Zeit.,  1910,  88)  Villeneuve  stated  that  he  had  seen  a 
female  taken  by  Mr.  C.  J.  Wainwright,  near  Birmingham.  I  know 
nothing  about  the  insect,  but  it  must  be  included  in  our  British  List. 

67.  Germaria  angustata,  Zett.  I  took  a  female  of  this  species  at 
Martham  (Norfolk),  on  June  26th,  1888,  and  Mr.  C.  J.  Wainwright, 
who  has  seen  the  specimen,  confirms  the  identification.  According  to 
Villeneuve  (1909)  this  is  the  Germaria  sahulosa  of  van  der  Wulp  and 
the  Atradochaeta  graeca  of  Brauer  and  Bergenstamm. 

68.  Onesia  gentilis,  Desv.  This  may  be  easily  distinguished 
from  all  other  known  British  species  of  the  genus  by  the  absence  of 
the  inner  praesutural  bristle.  I  have  records  from  Chippenham  Fen 
(common).  Barton  Mills,  Lewes,  Folkestone,  Dartford,  etc.,  from 
March  to  October,  so  I  expect  it  only  requires  identification  to  be 
found  a  common  insect.  I  have  two  other  species  of  the  genus  which 
I  have  failed  to  identify. 

69.  Syntomogaster  exigua,  Meig.  I  cannot  find  any  record  of 
this  as  British,  though  the  existence  of  a  British  species  of  the  genus 
has  long  been  known  to  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood,  Col.  Yerbury  and  myself. 
Dr.  Wood  has  taken  several  specimens  at  Hough  Wood  and  Stoke 
Wood  near  Tarrington,  in  Herefordshire. 

70.  Syntomogaster  (?)  fasciata,  Meig.  I  caught  a  specimen  of  this 
very  distinct  species  at  Lyndhurst  on  May  29th,  1897,  and  Mr.  Atmore 
took  one  near  King's  Lynn  (Norfolk),  in  June,  1910,  and  there  is  a 
specimen  in  the  British  Museum  taken  at  Tarrington,  Herefordshire. 
The  species  is  unmistakable,  but  its  generic  position  seems  to  be  most 
uncertain ;  I  should  not  place  it  in  the  same  genus  as  S.  exigua,  but 
rather  in  the  restricted  genus  Litophasia. 

71.  Cinochira  atra,  Zett.  A  fair  nixmber  of  this  very  little 
known  genus  and  species  were  taken  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Collin  and 
Col.  Yerbury  at  Butley  Thicks,  near  Woodbridge,  in  Suffolk,  on 
July  10th,  1908. 

Weberia  thoracica  is  not  very  uncommon,  'but  I  have  seen  only 
one  specimen  of  W.  curvicauda  which  was  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury 
at  Gravesend  on  June  27th,  1908. 

72.  Sarcophaga   sinuata,   Meig.      A   male  of  this  very  distinct 


1912.]  193 

species  was  taken  by  Col.  Yerbviry  at  Mildenhall,  in  Suffolk,  on 
May  22nd,  1909.  The  peculiar  patch  of  ^'olden  scales  on  the  anterior 
surface  of  the  middle  femora  is  very  characteristic. 

73.  S.  jmmila,  Meig.  This  small  species  may  be  easily  dis- 
tinguished by  the  absence  (or  almost  so)  of  the  apical  scutellar 
bristles.  It  was  not  uncommon  at  Barton  Mills,  in  Suffolk,  on 
May  19th,  1909,  and  three  males  occurred  at  Eynsham  in  Oxfordshire, 
on  July  2nd,  1910. 

73a.  Pyrellia  senea,  Zett.  The  comparatively  common  species 
which  we  have  known  as  P.  cadaverina  is  not  that  species,  but 
apparently  is  the  one  known  on  the  continent  as  P.  senea ;  it  is  very 
common  in  Wicken  Fen.  Probably  some  older  name  will  be  found  for 
it.  I  have  never  met  with  the  true  P.  cadaverina,  which  is  apparently 
very  common  over  nearly  all  Europe,  but  I  possess  an  old  specimen 
from  the  late  Mr.  Dossitor's  collection  which  is  probably  British. 
P.  cyanicolor  is  now  considered  a  synonym  of  P.  serena. 

7Sb.  Spilocjaster  platyptera,  Zett.  This  uncommon  species  would 
come  among  those  placed  by  me  under  Mydina,  and  in  Kertesz's 
Katalog  is  given  as  a  synonym  of  the  doubtful  Antlwmyia  querceti, 
Bouche.  It  was  identified  by  Stein  in  my  collection  from  males  taken 
at  Lyndhurst  on  June  25th,  1872,  Lee,  on  August  17th,  1875,  and  a 
female  at  Penzance  on  June  7th,  1871.  It  has  been  recorded  as 
British  by  Mr.  GTrimshaw  in  the  "  Ann.  Scott.  Nat.  Hist."  for  1909. 

74.  SpUogaster  halterata,  Stein.  A  number  of  specimens  of  this 
species  in  my  collection  were  identified  by  Stein  himself.  Four  males 
occurred  near  Fridge  in  Kent  in  June,  1886,  and  one  at  Ormesby  in 
June,  1888,  while  I  believe  I  took  it  at  Lyndluu'st  in  June,  1876. 

75.  Limnojiliora  maritima,  v.  Rod.  This  species  was  described 
in  1887  by  v.  Eoder  from  the  East  Frisian  island  of  Norderney, 
as  a  new  Melanochelia.  In  1902  Schnabl  thought  that  he  recognised 
it  from  the  same  island  and  the  neighbouring  island  of  Borkum, 
and  founded  upon  it  the  possibly  justifiable  new  genus  Neolimno- 
phora,  but  in  the  errata  of  the  same  volume  he  re-named  his  species 
as  N.  sclinusei — a  fact  which  seems  to  have  been  overlooked  in  all 
catalogues.  Next,  in  1902  Villeneuve  described  from  the  North 
French  and  Belgian  coasts  a  Limnophora  sestuum,  which  he  said  in 
1906  should  be  ranged  with  L.  maritima  in  Schnabl's  sub-genus 
Neoliinnopliora,  but  at  the  same  time  he  described  two  more  species, 
L.  candicans  and  L.  virgo,  from  Montpellier  on  the  French  Mediter- 
ranean.    Stein  in  1906  thought  he  knew  L.  vmritima  from  Borkum, 

p 


1 94  [August, 

France,  North  Africa,  and  Venice,  but  he  distinguished  L.  xshmm ; 
lastly,  in  1909  Strobl  placed  L.  vircjo  from  Spain  and  Dalmatia  as  a 
synonym  of  L.  maritima.  I  consider  I  am  justified  in  naming  two 
females  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Walton-on-Naze  on  August  19th, 
1907,  and  one  female  at  Studland  on  Jul_y  29th,  1909,  as  L.  maritima. 

76.  Homalomyia  fucivorax,  Kieff.  This  recently  distinguished 
species  (Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1898)  has  been  taken  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood 
in  the  Monnow  Valley  in  Herefordshire.  It  is  very  much  like  the 
common  H.  canicularis,  but  may  be  known  by  the  wide  silvery  optics, 
almost  unstriped  thorax,  more  extensively  yellow  knees,  &c.  Dr.  Wood 
tells  nie  that  it  appears  to  be  associated  with  Odynerus  spinipes ;  if  so, 
the  association  of  the  genus  Homalomyia  with  Aculeates  is  not  new, 
but  the  peculiar  resemblance  which  the  shape  of  the  head  and  frons  of 
H.  fucivorax  bears  to  the  species  of  Ammomyia  must  have  some 
significance.  I  suspect  that  Meade's  H.  vesparia  is  the  same  as  Stein's 
H.  ciliata. 

77.  H.  lineata,  Stein.  A  number  of  specimens  were  bred  in 
June,  1906,  from  rotten  debris  in  a  hollow  tree  at  Snailwell,  near  here. 

78.  Pegnmyia  rtiji7ia,  Fall.  This  species,  of  which  P.  squami/era 
is  probably  a  variety,  has  occurred  at  Dawlish.  P.  univittata,\.  Eoser, 
is  probably  a  variety  of  P.  genicuhita,  Bouche,  but  I  do  not  feel  quite 
certain  upon  this  point. 

79.  P.  squamifera,  Stein.  This  species  occurred  in  considerable 
numbers  in  my  garden  in  June,  1904. 

80.  P.  interruptella ,  Zett.  I  caught  a  number  of  males  of  this 
species  hovering  under  a  tree  between  Soham  and  Wicken  on  May 
15th,  1892.  I  had  previously  taken  one  male  at  Lyndhurst  on 
June  10th,  1884.  My  specimens  were  named  by  Stein,  and  therefore 
probably  represent  this  little  known  species. 

80a.  Pegomyia  femorata,  Stein.  This  may  not  be  an  addition  to 
the  British  List,  because  Stein  says  that  it  is  Meade's  P.  hsemorrhomn. 
I  must  admit  that  I  ain  not  satisfied  with  Stain's  distinctive  charac- 
ters for  this  somewhat  common  species. 

81.  Antliomyia  yrocellaris,  Eond.  I  think  A.  phivialis  was 
rightly  separated  by  Rondani  into  three  species,  as  I  find  genital 
characters  supporting  his  superficial  characters.  It  is  however  probable 
in  that  case  that  there  ai*e  several  more  South  European  species, 
aud  therefore  the  nomenclature  must  for  a  while  remain  uncertain. 
A.  procellaris  is  widely  distributed  in  Britain, 


1912.]  195 

82.  A.  imhrida,  Eoncl.  Probably  as  widely  distributed  as  A. 
jpluvialis  aud  A.  procellaris.  It  is  as  a  rule  the  largest  of  the  three 
species. 

83.  ChortophUa  latipemiis,  Zett.  A  male  taken  by  me  at  Lyud- 
hurst  on  June  27th,  1874,  was  identified  by  Stein,  and  agrees  very 
well  with  Zetterstedt's  description. 

84.  Chirosia  crassiseta.  Stein.  A  male  taken  by  me  at  Porthcawl 
on  Jvme  7th,  1906,  agrees  perfectly  with  Stein's  description.  Stein 
took  it  at  Grenthin  in  Prussia  in  numbers  on  fern  leaves,  and  stated 
that  it  had  lieen  bred  from  stems  of  Athyrinm  filix-femina. 

85.  C.  parvicornis,  Zett.  This  species  is  apparently  very  widely 
distributed,  as  I  have  taken  it  at  Lynton,  Bridge,  Abbots  Wood,  Loch 
Maree,  and  Tongue.  It  has  only  recently  been  well  recognised,  which 
accounts  for  its  not  having  been  recoi*ded  sooner,  as  I  took  it  at 
Abbots  Wood  on  April  24th,  1870. 

86.  Llsjje  pygmxa,  Pall,  (fenuipalpis,  Zett.).  This  species  has 
long  been  known  to  us  as  British,  but  I  do  not  think  has  been  re- 
corded. I  took  a  specimen  at  Bournemouth  on  August  30th,  1874, 
but  it  was  not  recognised  until  Col.  Yerbury  took  it  in  some  numbers 
at  Porthcawl  in  June,  1903.  It  occurred  rather  freely  at  Walton-on- 
Naze  on  June  6th,  1908. 

87.  L.  hydromyzina,  Fall.  Many  years  ago  I  introduced  L. 
uliginosa  as  British  on  rather  weak  authority,  but  in  1908  I  caught 
a  specimen  at  Aldebui'gh.  I  now  introduce  L.  hydromyzina  on  the 
authority  of  a  gummed  male,  labelled  13:9: 65,  but  without  any 
locality  ;  I  suspect  it  to  have  been  one  of  the  late  Rev.  T.  A.  Marshall's 
collecting,  and  if  so  I  feel  sure  he  would  have  been  particular  in  indica- 
ting the  locahty  if  foreign.     It  ought  to  occur  in  Britain. 

88.  Caricea  erythrocera,  Desv.  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  took  this  species 
in  considerable  numbers  at  the  Leech  Pool,  near  Hay,  in  Here- 
fordshire, in  July  and  August,  1901—2  ;  I  had  taken  it  at  Three 
Bridges,  in  Sussex,  on  August  27th,  1874,  and  I  took  a  male  at 
Weybridge  on  July  5th,  1909. 

89.  C.  brachialis,  Bond.  I  refer  without  doubt  some  specimens 
which  were  taken  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  in  April,  1903,  to  this  species. 
The  stout  figure  and  reddish  abdomen  distinguish  it  from  most 
Ccenosinas,  except  the  species  of  Bexiopsis. 

90.  Limnospila  albifrons,  Zett.  This  little  species  was  common 
on  the  Suffolk  coasts  near  Aldebui'gh  and  Woodbridge  in  August  and 

P2 


196  [AuRUst, 

September,  1907,  aud  I  also  took  several  specimens  at  Aberlady  on 
July  27th,  1873.  I  will  not  attempt  to  locate  its  generic  position  at 
present,  but  in  my  opinion  it  is  much  nearer  Limnopliora  than  Coenosia. 
I  think  I  have  also  taken  it  at  Fawley  in  Hampshire,  as  well  as  in 
Arran,  while  Col.  Yerbury  has  taken  it  at  Graveseud,  Nairn,  Forres, 
and  The  Moimd  in  Sutherlandshire. 

91.  Cvenosia  dorsalis,  v.  Boser.  This  rather  common  species  can 
hardly  be  considered  new  to  Britain,  because  Stein,  when  describing 
his  Coenosia  lotujitarsis  (a  synonym)  in  1900  mentioned  that  he  had 
seen  it  in  my  collection.  I  caught  it  first  at  Blackboys,  in  Sussex,  in 
1876,  but  have  subsequent  records  fi'om  numerous  Eastern  and  Here- 
fordshire localities. 

92.  G.  albatella,  Zett.  This  very  distinct  little  species  was  taken 
by  me  at  Porthcawl  on  June  10th,  1906  (3  cJ,  2  ?  )  ;  Col.  Yerbury 
had  previously  captured  a  male  there  on  June  6th,  1903,  and  also  took 
a  considerable  number  of  both  sexes  in  1906,  on  July  3rd,  and  one 
female  at  Pyle  on  August  14th. 

93.  G.  atra,  Meig.  This  very  distinct,  brilliantly  shining,  little 
black  species  occurred  near  here  in  two  localities  in  1909.  Wicken 
Fen  produced  a  male  on  June  6th,  and  Mr.  Collin  took  one  of  each 
sex  at  Barton  Mills  on  August  4th.  Further  search  has  produced  a 
female  from  Wicken  Fen,  taken  on  August  21st,  1903,  and  four 
specimens  taken  by  Col.  Yerbury  at  Port  Talbot  on  July  26th,  1908, 
and  two  others  at  Holmsley,  in  Hants,  on  September  17th,  1909. 

94.  G.  bilineella,  Zett.  Col.  Yerbury  took  three  males  of  this 
species  at  Nairn  on  May  24th,  1905.  It  may  be  known  by  the 
small  squamae. 

95.  G.  lineatipes,  Zett.  Stein  has  mentioned  in  the  Wien. 
Ent.  Zeitung  that  he  has  seen  two  specimens  of  this  species  from 
England.  Dr.  J.  H.  Wood  took  it  in  1897  near  Tarrington,  in  Here- 
fordshire, and  I  also  took  it  in  his  company  at  Devereux  Pool  on 
July  8th,  1909. 

96.  G.  pumila,  Fall.  Under  this  name  I  record  the  species 
described  by  Stein  in  1897  as  G.  perpusilla,  Meig.  It  has  occurred  at 
Wicken  Fen,  Aldeburgh,  and  Grolspie. 

96a.  G.  steini,  n.  sp.  This  species  which  was  considered  by  Stein 
(Wien.  Ent.  Zeit.  xvi,  58)  to  be  a  variety  of  G.  'pygmaea,  Zett.,  is 
obviously  distinct.  Stein  has  fully  recorded  its  distinctions.  Colonel 
Yerbury  took  two  males  of  G.  steini  at  Porthcawl  on  May  28tli,  1908, 
and  a  number  at  Barmouth  on  September  4th,  1902. 


1912.]  197 

97.  C.  pygynxa,  Zett.  I  have  taken  this  pretty  little  species, 
which  is  closely  allied  to  G.  pecleUa,  Fall,  {deeqnens,  Meig.),  at  Alde- 
burgh  and  Woodbridge.  It  is  distinguished  from  C.  steini  by  the 
absolutely  immaculate  middle  femora  of  the  male. 

98.  C.  salinarum,  Stein.  This  species  was  rather  common  at 
Butley  in  Suffolk  in  June,  1907,  and  I  expect  occurs  anywhere  on  salt 
marshes,  as  I  took  it  at  Fawley  in  1876,  and  Col.  Yerbury  took  it  at 
Llanbedr  on  July  2nd,  1902. 

99.  C.  triUneella,  Zett.  It  is  only  recently  that  this  species  has 
been  distinguished  from  C.  sexnotata,  Meig.,  and  I  suspect  that 
Meade's  references  to  the  latter  apply  to  this  new  introduction  ;  I 
believe,  however,  that  I  possess  the  true  G.  sexnotata  from  Butley  in 
Suffolk.  G.  triUneella  was  common  at  Rannoch  in  June,  1870,  and 
also  occurred  in  Arran  in  1882.  Col.  Yerbury  also  correctly  identified 
it  from  Eannoch  in  1898. 

100.  G.  longicauda,  Zett.  Two  males  and  one  female  taken  by 
me  in  the  Lake  District  in  July,  1876,  were  identified  by  Herr  Stein 
when  he  looked  over  my  collection.  I  have  closely  examined  them  and 
believe  his  determination  to  be  correct. 


Strophosoriius  curvipes,  Bedel,  captured  near  Bournemouth  in  1905. — On 
May  14th,  1905, 1  captured  two  specimens  of  a  small  Strophosomus  in  a  sandy 
place  at  Poole  Heath  near  Boiirnemouth.  I  was  convinced  they  were  a  species 
new  to  ITS,  but  was  told  they  were  only  small  specimens  of  S.  fulvicornis,  Walton. 
As  I  did  not  then  possess  that  species,  I  put  them  reluctantly  into  my  cabinet 
as  fulvicornis.  Some  years  ap^o,  when  I  took  a  nice  series  of  fulvicornis  in  the 
New  Forest,  I  was  again  struck  by  the  distinct  appearance  of  my  Poole 
specimens.  Experiments  with  ants  and  other  work  put  the  matter  out  of  my 
head.  On  June  22nd  last  I  sent  the  two  specimens  to  Dr.  Sharp,  and  he  returned 
them  to  me  as  curvipes,  Bedel.  In  Dr.  Sharp's  article  in  the  Ent.  Mo.  Mag. 
for  July  on  the  species  {antea  p.  150),  he  notes  the  capture  of  two  specimens  by 
himself  near  Bournemouth  this  year,  and  that  Bedel  found  two  specimens  in  a 
sandy  place  at  Fontainebleati. — Horace  Donisthobpe,  58,  Kensington  Man- 
sions, S.W. :  July  Uth,  1912. 

Immigrant  Lepidoptera  in  1912. — Pyrameis  cardui  was  first  observed  by  me 
at  Oxford  on  May  11th;  Flusia  gamma  and  Nomophila  noctuella,  which  appear 
to  be  its  constant  travelling  companions,  were, also  seen  on  the  same  day,  and 
my  nephew,  Mr.  H.  G.  Champion,  reported  the  occvu'rence  of  P.  atalanta,  which 
I  saw  in  apparently  quite  good  condition  in  one  of  the  main  Oxford  roads  two 
days  later.  Scapula  ferrugalis,  a  species  that  I  suspect  of  strong  migratory 
tendencies,  as  I  have  more  than  once  met  with  it  on  board  ship  far  out  in  the 


198  [August, 

Atlantic,  was  quite  common  for  a  few  days  in  the  middle  of  May  on  gas-lamps, 
fences,  &c.,  at  Oxford.  On  going  to  Sheerness  early  in  June,  I  found  P.  cardui 
to  be  the  butterfly  most  in  evidence ;  half-a-dozen  at  a  time  were  to  be  seen  at 
the  flowers  of  the  early-blooming  thistle  Carduus  tenuijlorus,  which  this  season 
was  unusually  abundant  and  luxuriant  in  growth,  and  also  attracted  several 
worn-looking  specimens  of  Macroglossa  stellatarutn,  a  moth  I  had  not  seen  on  the 
wing  for  several  years.  A  large  but  worn  S  of  Colias  edusa  was  taken  near 
Sheerness  on  June  1st,  and  this  promise  of  an  "  Edusa "  year  was  to  a  large 
extent  fvilfilled  on  July  17th.  On  this  day  at  Milford-on-Sea,  Hants,  I  saw  at 
least  a  dozen  freshly  emerged  Colias  edusa  under  the  cliff's,  all  apparently  J  s, 
but  so  restless  and  active  in  the  intense  heat  that  I  could  not  secure  a  single 
specimen ;  at  the  same  time  a  few  individvials  of  the  new  brood  of  I'yrameis 
cardui  were  seen  frequenting  the  thistles  in  company  with  the  last  worn-out 
stragglers  of  the  "  immigi-ants."  Fresh  specimens  of  P.  atalanta,  Flusia  gamma, 
and  Nomophila  noctuella  have  been  observed  here  during  the  last  few  days. — 
James  J.  Walker,  Brockenhiirst :  July  \9th,  1912. 

Sycamore  as  a  natural  food  of  Xanthia  aurago. — Although  sycamore  has  some- 
times been  used  as  a  substitute  food  for  beech  or  maple  on  which  to  feed  larva; 
of  Xanthia  aurago,  I  am  not  aware  that  it  was  known  to  be  one  of  the  natural 
foods  of  the  species.  The  moth  has  occvxrred  very  sparingly  for  many  years  in 
South- West  Yorkshire,  in  woods  where  it  seemed  impossible  that  beech  or  maple 
could  be  its  food,  but  where  sycamore  is  abundant.  This  spring  Mr.  B.  Morley, 
having  reared  a  few  larvae  from  a  moth  taken  in  DefPer  Wood,  Skelmanthorpe, 
last  autumn,  made  a  search  for  more  on  sycamores  in  the  same  wood,  and  soon 
had  the  satisfaction  of  finding  that  in  this  part  of  the  county  it  was  quite  at 
home  amongst  it,  at  first  feeding  inside  the  iinexpanded  buds,  and  afterwards 
on  the  foliage,  but  quite  as  often,  he  tells  me,  on  the  stalks  as  on  the  leaves,  the 
larva  biting  off  the  leaf  and  then  eating  down  the  stalk  from  the  top  to  the  base. 
When  not  feeding  it  hides  between  two  leaves  of  the  sycamore.  The  larvae  were 
not  at  all  uncommon,  and  now  that  the  habits  of  the  species  in  this  district  are 
known,  no  doubt  the  moth  will  be  obtained  much  more  frequently.— 
Geo.  T.  Porritt,  Elm  Lea,  Dalton,  Huddersfield :  July  11th,  1912. 

Macroglossa  stellatarum  at  Putney. — This  morning  I  saw  a  hiunming-bird 
moth  in  the  garden.  Although  Chwrocampa  porccllus  visits  my  rhododendrons 
pretty  regularly,  it  is  many  years  since  I  have  seen  M.  stellatarum  here. — G. 
B.  LoNGSTAFF,  Highlands,  Putney  Heath,  S.W. :  June  22nd,  1912. 


^ocijfti^s. 


The  South  London   Entomological   and   Natural   History   Society  : 
Thursday,  June  23rd,  1912.— Mr.  A.  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  West  (Greenwich)  exhibited  the  very  scarce  Orthopteron,  Platycleis 
roeselii    from   Gravesend,   with   P.   grisea,   P.    brachyjJtera,   and    Thamnotrizon 


1912.]  1 99 

cinereus,  closely  allied  species,  for  comparison,  and  also  the  destructive  Dipteron, 
Merodon  equestris,  bred  from  daffodil  bulbs.  Mr.  Lucas,  P.  roeselii  from  N.  Essex . 
Mr.  Blenkarn,  Anthrocera  trifolii  ab.  minoides  from  Bembridge,  a  form  new  to 
the  Isle  of  Wight,  and  Spilosoma  urticse  from  Sandown  marshes,  with  an 
example  of  Colias  edusa.  Of  Odonata  he  showed  Calopteryx  splendens  from 
Brading  ;  of  Coleoptera,  Dichirotrichus  puhescens  from  Bembridge  with  4  perfect 
legs  on  the  left  side  ;  Opilo  mollis,  a  local  species  from  West  Wickham  on  oak  ; 
and  Be^nhidium  ephippium  from  Cvdver  Cliffs,  a  rare  record  for  the  Isle  of  Wight. 
Mr.  L.  W.  Newman,  a  gynandromorph  of  Aviorpha  populi  bred,  the  left 
side  9  ,  a  vivid  pink  and  large,  the  right  side  J  normal  and  small,  the  antennae 
both  9  .  Also  living  pupae  of  Pachnohia  hyperborea,  and  a  stump  of  birch  from 
which  16  piTpa-cases  of  ^geria  culiciformis  were  projecting.  Mr.  A.  E.  Tonge, 
the  commencement  of  the  nests  of  the  Common  Wasp,  Vespa  vulgayris,  and  wild 
laid  ova  of  Mgeria  tipuliformis  on  the  twig  of  a  cuiTant  midway  between  the 
nodes.  Mrs.  Hemming  communicated  a  note  on  the  occurrence  of  Colias  edusa 
on  the  S.  Downs,  and  the  obtaining  of  ova  from  a  9  captiired,  and  the  habits 
of  the  young  larvae.  Many  Pyrameis  cardui  were  seen  at  the  same  time. 
Mr.  Sich  exhibited  larval  cases  of  Coleophora  discordella  from  Folkestone  Leas. 
Mr.  Hall,  the  Orthopteron  known  as  Dixippus  morosus  {Lonchodes  sp.). 
Mr.  Adkin,  the  series  of  Tortrix  teucriana  from  the  Tutt  collection,  and  read 
notes  on  the  species. 

June  27th,  1912. — The  President  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Sothern  Dekter,  of  Lee,  was  elected  a  Member. 

Mr.  Gahan  exhibited  some  sycamore  leaves  showing  the  mines  of  the  larvae 
of  the  saw-fly  Phyllotoma  aceris,  and  the  remarkable  cases,  in  the  form  of  little 
circular  discs  constructed  by  the  larvae.  These  cases  become  detached  and 
move  on  the  groimd  by  little  hops  somewhat  like  the  Mexican  jumping  bean 
Mr.  A.  Sich,  specimens  of  the  rare  Micro-lepidopteron,  Coleophora  agramella, 
from  Hailsham.  Mr.  E,.  Adkin.  a  short  series  of  Biston  hirtaria  bred  from  Avie- 
more  larvae  which  fed  up  in  1908.  The  imagines  exhibited  emerged  in  March 
and  April  of  this  year.  Mr.  Edwards,  a  pair  of  the  beautifiil  Lycaenid,  Eumseus 
dehora,  from  Mexico,  and  a  fine  specimen  of  the  rare  Epiphile  eriopis  from 
Bogota.  Mr.  Cowham,  a  fine  regular  variety  of  Abraxas  grossulariata  taken  in 
his  garden  ;  the  iisual  yellow  markings  were  almost  absent,  and  the  black 
markings  were  of  smaller  area  and  very  symmetrical.  Mr.  Dods,  a  cocoon  of 
Platysamia  cecropia  from  which  the  imago  had  emerged  by  the  wrong  end. 
Mr.  Goff,  somewhat  heavily  marked  specimens  of  Brenthis  euphrosyne  from 
Kent  and  Surrey,  Mr.  H.  Moore,  a  huge  Tick  taken  from  a  tortoise  from 
N.  Africa.  Mr.  Step  read  the  Eeport  of  the  Delegates  to  the  Congress  of  the 
S.  Eastern  Union  of  Scientific  Societies  held  at  Folkestone  in  June. — 
H.  J.  TcTRNBR,   Hon.  Secretary. 


200  LAugust,  1912. 

NOTES  ON  THE   BRITISH  SPECIES  OF  LONGITARSUS,  Latk. 

fA   GENUS  OF   COLEOPTERA). 

BY  J.  E.  LE  B.  TOMLIN,  M.A.,  P.E.S.,  AND  W.  E.  SHARP,  F.E.S. 

(^Continued  from  p.  124  antea). 

Sect.  V. — Species  large  (exceeding  2  mm.  in  length),  convex,  nnicolorous. 
(except  in  vars.  of  L.  tabidus),  testaceous  orbroAvn,  or  with  sutiiral 
line  faintly  rixf escent ;  punctuation  fine. 

I.  Posterior  tibial  spvu-s  short. 

1.  Form  moi'e  rounded  and  convex,  punctuation  stronger.     Species 

living  on  Verbascum  and  Scrophularia     L.  agilis.  Rye. 

2.  Form  more  elongate  and  less  convex,  punctuation  weaker. 

A.  Size  larger,  iinicolorovis,  posterior  femora  hardly  darker 

Species  living  on  Senecio    L.  jacohseae,  Wat, 

B.  Size  smaller,  suture  faintly  rvifescent,  posterior  femora 

always  more  or  less  pitchy.     Species  living  on  Bora- 
ginece    L.  exoletus,  L. 

II.  Posterior  tibial  spurs  long  L.  tabidus,  F. 

L.  AGILIS,  Rye   [Ent.   Mo.  Mag.,   1868,  p.   133]  ;  Weise   [Nat.  Ins. 
Deutschl.  VI,  pp.  987,  1020]. 

Of  a  full  rounded  oval  shape,  very  convex,  entirely  light  yellow  brown. 
Head  smooth  between  the  eyes.  Antennae  long,  ferruginous  with  last  four  or 
five  joints  fuscous.  Thorax  :  ti-ansverse,  finely  bordered,  sometimes  very  finely 
alvitaceous,  sometimes  quite  smooth,  with  punctuation  variable  but  always 
feeble  and  remote.  Elytra:  finely  and  distinctly  alutaceous,  punctuation 
distinct  and  close,  but  not  very  strong,  somewhat  seriate  at  base  and  near 
suture ;  apices  very  slightly  separately  rounded ;  suture  sometimes  darker, 
especially  throughovit  apical  half,  often  with  obscure  darker  somewhat  linear 
markings,  particularly  at  base  and  sides.  Legs  concolorous  with  body,  posterior 
femora  darker,  often  quite  black,  apices  of  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  usually 
fuscous ;  posterior  tibial  spurs  short ;  first  anterior  tarsal  joint  very  slightly 
enlarged  in  ^ .  Underside  pitchy.  Winged,  apterous,  or  semi-apterous. 
Mr.  Champion  (see  note  already  refen-ed  to,  Vol.  XLVII,  p.  244,  antea)  found,  on 
examining  a  very  large  number  of  specimens  taken  by  himself  near  Seaton, 
Devon,  that  the  fully-winged  individuals  were  females,  the  apterous  and  semi- 
apterous  being  males,  but  it  remains  uncertain  wliether  this  is  invariably  the 
case.     Length,  2\- — 3  mm. 

This  species,  attached  as  it  is  to  special  food  plants,  can  hardly  be 
confused  with  any  other.  It  is  sometimes  found  on  Verbasc^lm 
associated  with  L.  tabidus,  but  the  darker  colour  and  very  much  longer 
tibial  spurs  easily  distinguish  that  species.  Very  small  examples  some- 
what resemble  pale  forms  of  L.  lateralis  {distinguendus) ,  but  the  shape 
of  agilis  is  always  more  rounded  and  convex,  the  tibial  spurs  shorter, 
and  the  punctuation  weaker  and  less  seriate. 


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CONTENTS.  p^ee 

Supplementary  Notes  on  British  Phora  {concluded). — John  K.Wood,  M.B.     ...   177 
Notes  on  the  British  species  of  Ophonus — No.  1  :  O.  brevicoUis,  O.  rufibarbis, 

and  O.  cordatus.— D.  Sharp,  M.A.,  F.R.S 181 

Note  on  a  peculiar  form  of  Notiophilus. — James  E.  Black,  F.E.S. 185 

Note  on  the  Acritus  minutus,   Hbst.,  and   A.  nigricornis,   Hoffm.,  of  British 

collections.  — James  Edwards,  F.E.H 186 

Hemipterain  Carmarthenshire  (concluded). — E.  A.  Butler,  B.A.,  B.Sc,  F.E.S.  187 
Cephalothrips  monilicornis,  Reut. :  an  addition  to  the  Thjsanoptera  of  Great 

Britain.— B.  S.  Baffnall,  F.L.S 190 

Another  hundred  new  British  species  of  Diptera  (concluded). — The  late  Q.  S. 

Verrall,  F.E.S 190 

Strophosomus  curvipes,  Bedel,  captured  near  Bournemouth  in  1905. — S.  St.  J. 

Donisthorpe,  F.Z.S 197 

Immigrant  Lepidoptera  in  1912. — James  J.  Walker,  M.A.,  E.N.,  F.L.S.    ...       197 

Sycamore  as  a  natural  food  of  Xanthia  aurago.— G.  T.  Forritt,  F.L.S.      198 

Macroglossa  stellatarum  at  Putney.— (?.  B.  Longstaff,  M.A.,  M.D.,  F.R.C.P....   198 

Societies. — South  London  Entomological  Society    198 

Notes  on  the  British  species  of  Longitarsus,  Latr.  (a  genus  of  Coleoptera)  (con- 
tinued).—J.  R.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  F.E.S    ...  200 

■pNTOMOLOGISCHE  MITTEILUNGEN,  Published  by  the 
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M' 


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good  condition),  whole  ot  Bombyces,  Nolidae,  etc.  Also  long  aud  varied  series  of 
British  and  Cuntioencal  Anthrooeridse,  in  course  of  re-arrangement  (vide  Brit. 
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^™''*fSo!]''^^^'^  SEPTEMBER,  1912.    [Peice  6A  kp.t 

THE 

EITOMOLOGIST'S 
MOKTHLY  MAGAZISE. 

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G.  C.  CHAMPION,  F.Z.S.         J.  E.  COLLIN,  F.E.S. 

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[VOL.    XLVIII.] 


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STEVENS'    AUCTION   EOOM.     Estb.    1760. 


PRELIMINARY    NOTICE. 
lyrR.  J.  C.  STEVENS  will  ofler  for  sale  by  auction  at  his  Rooms, 
38,  King  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London,  W.C,  on 
Tuesday,  September  24th,  1912, 
the  remaining  portion  of 

THE  LATE  J.  W.  TUTT'S  COLLECTION  OF  LEPIDOPTERA, 
comprising  the  Sphingids  (several  hybrids,  galii  bred  by  Tugwell),  ^geriids  (in 
good  condition),  whole  of  Bombyces,  Nolidae,  etc.  Also  long  and  varied  series  of 
British  and  Contioental  Anthroceridse,  in  course  of  re-arrangement  {vide  Brit. 
Lep.,  vol.  1)  ;  Continental  Lithoaiids,  Pterophoridae  and  L.  corydon  from  very 
many  localities. 

Catalogues  may  be  had  on  application  about  seven  days  prior  to  the  sale. 


September,  1912.]  201 

Food  j)lants. — Verhascnm  and  Scroplmlaria.  Local  throiighout 
the  south  of  England,  from  Kent  to  Devonshire,  but  common  where  it 
occurs. 

There  are  some  specimens  of  L.  mjilis  in  the  collection  of  the  late 
W.  Laundj  Brown  said  to  have  been  taken  in  Norfolk,  and  Mr.  Morley 
has  recorded  it  from  Suffolk.  A  variety  with  dark  sutm-e  has  been 
taken  by  Mr.  Champion  at  Mickleham,  Tilgate,  Snodland,  and  Oxford. 

L.  JACO^MM,  Wat.  [Cat.  Brit.  Col.,  1858]. 
Syn.  -  tabidtis,  Panz.  et  Auct.,  nee  Fab. 

One  of  the  larger  of  our  British  species  of  Longitarsus.  Oval,  somewhat 
acuminate,  convex.  Entirely  and  iin  if ormly  testaceous,  paler  or  darker.  Head 
very  finely  ahitaceous  between  the  eyes.  Antennae  :  long,  testaceous,  with  last 
four  or  five  joints  infuscate.  Thorax .-  transverse,  distinctly  bordered,  quite 
smooth  or  exceedingly  finely  ahitaceous,  with  ptmctuation  very  feeble  or  quite 
obsolete.  Elytra :  very  finely  ahitaceous,  punctuation  weak  but  x'ather  close  and 
regidar,  variable,  much  weaker  in  some  specimens  than  in  others,  but  never 
strong ;  apical  angles  very  slightly  separately  rounded.  Legs  concolorous, 
posterior  femora  occasionally  slightly  darker  on  upper  side  ;  posterior  tibial  spurs 
very  short ;  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  distinctly  enlarged  in  J  .  Underside 
usiially  concolorovis  with  upper,  sometimes  slightly  darker.  Winged.  Length, 
2^ — 3^  mm. 

This,  one  of  the  most  abundant  and  conspicuous  of  our  Longltarsi, 
can  hardly  be  confused  with  any  other  species  of  the  genus.  From 
L.  agilis,  which  perhaps  it  most  closely  resembles,  its  entirely  different 
food  plant  separates  it.  It  also  differs  from  that  species  in  its  longer 
form  and  more  uniform  and  lighter  colour.  Exceptionally  small  indi- 
viduals of  L.  jacobsese  are  possibly  difficult  to  distinguish  from  large 
L.  gracilis,  as  in  this  case  the  food  plant  is  the  same  ;  but  the  elytral 
punctuation  of  L.  gracilis  is  generally  weaker,  the  colour  lighter — more 
straw-coloured  than  testaceovis,  the  antennae  shorter,  and  the  shape 
rather  more  parallel-sided. 

L.  jacobseee  occurs  generally  throughout  the  kingdom.  Its  food 
plant  is  Senecio  jacobxa. 

Ya,r.—rufescens,  Fowler.  This  is  merely  a  darker  coloui'ed  form, 
vai'ying  from  ferruginous  to  (in  extreme  and  exceptional  cases)  a  clear 
red.  It  occurs  with  the  normal  form,  usually  ia  spring  and  autumn, 
and  is  sometimes  locally  abundant. 

L.   ExoLETUs,   L.   [Syst.  Nat.    Ed.    X,   p.    373] ;     Weise    [Nat.   Ins. 
Deutschl.  VI,  p.  999]. 


202  [September, 

Sjns.—femoralis,  Marsli.  [Ent.  Brit.  I,  p.  201]  ;  All.  [Mou.,  p.l23]. 
pratensis,¥ondY.  [Mou.,  p.  186]. 

Very  variable  in  size.  Of  a  rather  long  regular  oval,  somewhat  acuminate. 
Head  dark  ferruginous,  hardly  visibly  ijunctured.  Antennae  :  first  four  or  five 
joints  testaceous,  remainder  fuscous  to  black.  Thorax :  ferruginous,  visually 
rather  darker  than  elytra,  transverse,  very  finely  bordered,  distinctly  alutaceous, 
punctuation  distinct,  variable  in  strength,  biit  always  shallow  and  remote. 
Elytra :  testaceous,  often  somewhat  translucent,  and  in  apterous  specimens 
with  indications  of  obscure  darker  markings  ;  punctiiation  distinct  and  regular, 
moderate  in  strength  and  closer  than  that  of  thorax  ;  sutural  line  rufescent  and 
narrow  ;  apices  only  slightly  rounded.  Pygidium  clothed  with  short  white  cilia. 
Legs :  entirely  testaceous,  with  a  dark,  usually  black,  elongate  patch  at  the 
upper  apical  half  of  the  posterior  femora ;  posterior  tibial  spurs  moderately 
long,  usiially  thin  and  curved,  but  rather  variable  ;  first  anterior  tarsal  joint 
not  enlarged  in  <J  .  Underside  entirely  black.  Winged  or  apterous.  Length, 
2—3  mm. 

The  most  distinctive  character  of  this  species  is  the  pecuhar  partial 
darlvening  of  the  hind  femora,  which  is  very  persistent.  Its  much 
larger  size  and  quite  different  food  plants  separate  L.  exoletus  from  any 
other  species  with  a  thin  rufescent  suture.  Superficially,  it  might 
possibly  be  confused  with  L.  ochroleiicits,  but  in  that  species  the  hind 
femora  are  entirely  black,  the  general  body-colour  much  Kghter,  and 
the  punctuation  of  elytra  weaker. 

Food  plants. — The  most  usual  is  EcJmim  vulgare,  and  we  have 
found  it  on  that  plant  almost  wherever  it  grows  throughout  the  king- 
dom. We  have  also  taken  it  on  Cynoglossiun  offi,cinale  in  Sussex  and 
Suffolk,  and  on  Lithospermum  officinale  near  Malvern.  Fowler,  possibly 
following  Allard,  adds  Convolvulus  sepium,  but  we  have  never  known  an 
instance  of  its  occurrence  on  that  plant  in  this  country.  It  is  exceedingly 
common  wherever  the  Viper's  Bugloss  grows  in  the  south  of  England, 
and  as  no  other  Longitarsus  at  all  similar  is  found  on  EcMum,  its 
association  with  that  plant,  together  with  the  salient  characters  above 
alluded  to,  render  its  recognition  in  the  field  comparatively  easy. 

Vars. — rufulus,  Foudr.  (Mon.,  p.  205).  The  only  difference  between 
this  and  the  usual  form  is  that  the  black  upper  surface  of  the  posterior 
femora  is  wanting,  the  femora  being  concolorous  with  the  rest  of  the 
legs — specimens  occasionally  occur  with  the  type  form  — and  out  of  a 
large  collection  of  the  species  individuals  could  certainly  be  selected 
exhibiting  a  perfect  gradation  between  almost  entirely  black  hind 
femora  and  this  form. 


1912.]  203 

L.  TABiDus,  F.  [Syst.  Ent.  (1775),  p.  115]. 

8jns.-verbasci,  Panz.  [1794];  Stepli.  [Brit.  Col.,  p.  295];  All. 
[Moil.,  p.  120]  ;  Weise  [Nat.  Ins.  Deutschl.  VI,  pp.  985, 
1040]. 

Quite  the  largest  of  the  British  Longitarsi.  Of  a  rotund  oval,  very  convex 
shape,  unicolorous  olive  brown  without  any  trace  of  rufous.  Head  smooth 
between  eyes.  Antenna3  long,  with  last  three  or  four  joints  inf uscate.  Thorax : 
transverse,  very  finely  l)ordered,  not  alutaceovxs,  either  quite  smooth  or  very 
obsoletely  punctured,  usually  concolorous  with  elytra,  bvxt  occasionally  of  a 
darker  brown.  Elytra  :  not  or  hardly  alvitaceous,  very  finely  punctured,  rather 
more  strongly  at  base  near  siiture ;  aj)ices  separately  roixnded.  Legs  concolorous, 
posterior  femora  sometimes  slightly  darker ;  posterior  tibial  spiirs  very  long  and 
curved  at  apex  ;  first  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  very  slightly  enlarged  in  <J  .  Under- 
side concolorous  with  upper,  but  darker.     Winged.     Length,  3 — 4  mm. 

The  larg"e  size,  exceptional  colour,  and  long  tibial  spurs,  easily  dis- 
tinguish this  species  from  all  our  other  British  Longitarsi. 

The  food  plant  is  Verhascmn  iliapsus  and  V.  nigrum.  It  appears 
to  occur  generally,  but  not  coinnionly,  over  the  greater  part  of  England 
as  far  north  as  Yorkshire,  but  we  have  no  records  from  either  Scotland 
or  Ireland. 

Vars.  -  thapsi.  Marsh.  (Ent.  Brit.  I,  p.  202).  Similar  to  the  type, 
but  with  the  sutural  line  darker ;  the  antennae,  legs,  and  underside  are 
also  rather  darker  than  in  the  more  usual  form. 

Bedel  and  the  European  catalogue  consider  L.  sisymbrii,  F.  (Ent. 
Syst.  I,  2,  p.  31),  to  be  a  varietal  form  of  this  species.  Of  this  we  are 
doubtful ;  it  appears  to  be  a  form  spotted  or  banded  with  black,  and  in 
any  case  does  not  seem  to  have  been  recorded  in  this  country. 


L.  rutilus,  111.  [Mag.  VI,  pp.  67,  165].  This  species,  having  had 
a  previously  provisional  place  in  our  lists,  was  confirmed  by  Rye  as 
British  on  the  strength  of  specimens  taken  by  the  late  Mr.  MoncreafE 
near  Portsmouth  (see  Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  VII,  p.  206,  and  Ent.  Ann.  1872, 
p.  89),  and  since  that  time  other  collectors  have  on  various  occasions 
taken  examples  of  what  they  believed  to  have  been  this  species.  Most 
of  these  specimens  we  have  seen,  and  Mr.  A.  A.  Moncreaff  has  been 
good  enough  to  allow  us  to  examine  the  whole  of  the  examples  standing 
over  the  name  L.  rutilus  in  his  late  father's  cabinet.  Without  exception 
we  I'efer  these  specimens  either  to  L.  agilis  or  to  the  form  rufescens  of 
L.  jacohsem.     No  doubt  the  very  considerable  variation  in  the  strength 

Q  2 


204  [September, 

of  elytral  punctuation  exhibited  by  L.  agilis  has  occasioned,  and  might 
excuse,  the  separation  of  exceptional  individuals  as  supposed  L.  rntilus; 
but  as  any  fairly  large  series  of  L.  agilis  taken  at  the  same  time  on  the 
same  plant,  either  of  Verhascum  or  Scmphularia,  will  show  svich 
variation,  and  that  in  every  degree,  it  becomes  impossible  to  regard  the 
character  as  a  valid  specific  criterion.  There  appears,  indeed,  to  be 
considerable  doubt  among  Continental  authorities  as  to  what  the 
L.  rutilus  of  lUiger  really  may  have  been,  and  we  have  seen  Continental 
exponents  of  the  species  which  to  us  seem  to  be  nothing  more  than  very 
dark'  red  forms  of  L.  jacohxm.  As  to  the  validity,  however,  of 
L.  rutilns,  111.,  as  a  Continental  species,  we  cannot  of  course  express  an 
opinion,  but  we  are  quite  satisfied  that  no  supposed  example  of  it  yet 
taken  in  this  country  cannot  be  satisfactorily  referred  to  one  of  the  two 
species  we  have  mentioned. 

{To  be  continued.) 


THE    SECOND   INTERNATIONAL    CONGRESS   OF   ENTOMOLOGY. 

Under  the  presidency  of  Professor  E.  B.  Poulton,  D.Sc,  F.R.S., 
the  Second  International  Congress  of  Entomology  was  held  at  the 
University  Museum,  Oxford,  from  August  5th  to  9th.  It  was  pre- 
ceded on  the  evening  of  the  4th  by  an  informal  reception  given  by  the 
Entomologists  resident  in  Oxford  in  the  hall  of  New  College,  which 
jointly  with  Wadham,  Merton,  and  Magdalen  Colleges,  extended  its 
hospitality  to  members  of  the  Congress.  Although  the  nvimerical 
strength  of  the  present  gathering  was  not  quite  equal  to  that  of  its 
predecessor  at  Brussels  in  1910,  the  attendance  was  very  satisfactory, 
175  out  of  rather  more  than  200  Members  being  present  at  the 
meetings.  These  included  the  President  and  Officers  of  the  Entomo- 
logical Society  of  London,  and  a  large  number  of  the  Fellows ; 
delegates  from  the  Universities  and  the  chief  learned  Societies,  and  a 
goodly  number  of  the  leading  Entomologists  of  the  Continent  and  the 
United  States,  as  well  as  representatives  of  such  distant  comitries  as 
Borneo,  Canada,  Chile,  Cuba,  Egypt,  Hawaii,  and  Turkey. 

At  the  opening  meeting  of  the  Congress  on  the  morning  of 
August  5th,  the  President  extended  a  hearty  welcome  to  the  Members 
on  the  occasion  of  their  visit  to  Oxford.  This  city  presented  a  special 
advantage  as  a  meeting- ground  for  the  Entomologists  of  all  nations 
in   the   existence   of    the  "  Hope    Department "    of    the    University 


1912.]  205 

Museum,  containing  the  great  collections  which  the  University  owes 
in  the  first  instance  to  the  generosity  of  its  founder  more  than  sixty 
years  ago,  and  which,  under  the  first  "  Hope  Professor,"  the  renowned 
Entomologist  J.  O.  Westwood,  and  his  pupil  and  successor  now  pre- 
siding at  the  Congress,  has  developed  into  one  of  the  finest  and  most 
extensive  series  of  insects  of  all  Oi-ders  of  the  world.  The  traditions 
of  the  University,  in  one  of  whose  Colleges,  Wadham,  the  Eoyal 
Society  may  be  said  to  have  had  its  cradle  250  years  ago,  also  added 
to  the  appropriateness  of  Oxford  as  a  rendezvous  for  men  of  science. 
Professor  Poulton  concluded  an  exceedingly  interesting  address,  which 
was  heartily  applauded,  with  a  detailed  account  of  the  distribution, 
polymorphism,  geographical  modifications,  and  results  of  breeding 
experiments  of  Papilio  dardanns,  illustrated  by  the  specimens  in  the 
Hope  Department,  which  form  by  far  the  finest  series  of  this  wonder- 
ful African  butterfly  at  present  in  existence. 

In  the  sectional  meetings,  a  large  number  of  papers  of  first-class 
importance  and  interest  were  read.  Of  these  we  may  specially  men- 
tion "  Nature  Reserves,"  by  the  Hon.  N.  Charles  Rothschild  ;  "  Some 
Entomological  Problems  in  the  West  Indies,"  by  Sir  D.  Morris,  on 
behalf  of  W.  G.  Ballou ;  "  Die  Differenzierung  der  zoogeographischen 
Elemeute  der  Kontinente,"  by  H.  J.  Kolbe  ;  "  The  Silk  of  Spiders  and 
its  Uses,"  by  Prof.  J.  H.  Comstock  ;  "  Messrs.  C.  A.  Wiggins'  and 
Dr.  Carpenter's  researches  in  Mimicry  in  the  forest  Butterflies  of 
Uganda,"  by  Prof.  E.  B.  Poulton  ;  "The  Colour-groups  of  Hawaiian 
Wasps,"  by  Dr.  R.  C.  L.  Perkins  ;  "  Scent-Organs  in  the  Lepidoptera," 
by  Dr.  P.  A.  Dixey  ;  "  The  Phylogenetic  Significance  of  the  Develop- 
ment of  the  Butterfly  Wing,"  by  J.  Van  Bemmelen  ;  "  The  necessary 
investigation  with  regard  to  Insect  and  Fungus  Enemies  of  Plants, 
preliminary  to  Legislation,"  by  A.  G.  L.  Rogers  ;  "  Die  Geographische 
Verbreitung  der  Insekten  in  ihrer  Beziehung  zu  Phylogenie  und 
Palaeontologie,"  by  Prof.  A.  Handlirsch  ;  "  Travels  of  an  Entomolo- 
gist in  Eastern  Africa,"  by  S.  A.  Neave ;  "  On  the  fovmding  of 
Colonies  by  Ants,"  by  H.  St.  J.  Donisthorpe  and  W.  C.  Crawley 
(illustrated  by  living  specimens)  ;  "  Observations  on  the  Central 
American  Acacia  Ants,"  by  W.  M.  Wheeler ;  "  How  to  kill  that  Ply," 
by  F.  A.  Lowe  ;  "  Ueber  fossilen  Termiten,"  by  Baron  K.  von  Rosen  ; 
"  Progress  in  knowledge  of  the  Odonata  from  1895  to  1912,"  by  Philip 
P.  Calvert ;  "  The  Order  Thysanoptera,  &c.,"  by  R.  S.  Bagnall  ;  "  How 
does  the  Insect  see  the  World,"  by  Prof.  Adalbert  Seitz,  &c.,  &c. 


200  [September, 

A  notable  feature  of  the  Congress  was  the  treatment  of  the 
vexed  question  of  N"onienclature,  introduced  on  August  6th  by  the 
Eev.  Gr.  Wheeler  and  Mr.  G.  T.  Bethune-Baker,  in  a  joint  paper  em- 
bodying the  proposal  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  London  for  the 
formation  of  International  and  National  Committees,  with  unofficial 
suggestions  as  to  desii-able  restrictions.  Papers  dealing  with  this 
subject  were  read  or  communicated  by  M.  Charles  Oberthiir  ("  Pas 
de  bonne  figure  a  I'appui  d'lme  description,  pas  de  nom  valable  "), 
Mr.  L.  B.  Prout,  Capt.  Ch.  Kerremans,  and  M.  Ernest  Olivier,  and 
eventually,  after  a  most  interesting  discussion,  the  proposals  contained 
in  the  first  paper  were  adopted  in  substance  by  the  Congress. 

Among  the  exhibits  on  view  in  the  Hope  Department  and  adjoin- 
ing rooms  were  the  exceedingly  fine  series  of  the  African  species  of 
Acrxa,  arranged  by  Mr.  H.  Eltringham  in  accordance  with  his 
splendid  MonograjDh  of  these  butterflies  forming  Part  I  of  this  year's 
Transactions  of  the  Entomological  Society  ;  the  Pierinie,  arranged  by 
Dr.  Dixey ;  Mimetic  Croups  of  Butterflies,  by  Prof.  Poulton  ;  and 
"  Insects  and  their  Prey,  with  special  reference  to  the  Courtship  of 
the  Empidje,"  by  Mr.  A.  H.  Hamm,  who  also  showed  on  August  9th 
a  very  beautiful  set  of  lantern  slides  from  his  own  photographs  of 
insects  in  resting  attitudes  in  their  natural  surroundings. 

The  sole  drawback  to  the  complete  enjoyment  of  the  Congress 
was  the  persistently  wet  and  stormy  weather  which  prevailed  without 
a  break  throughout  the  week,  and  was  especially  bad  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  7th,  which  had  been  set  apart  for  excursions  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Oxford.  These  excursions,  to  Nuneham,  by  the  kind 
invitation  of  the  Et.  Hon.  L.  V.  Harcourt,  M.P.,  and  to  Bagley  Wood, 
by  that  of  the  President  and  Fellows  of  St.  John's  College,  were 
well  attended,  and  at  the  latter  place  a  few  interesting  Micro-Lepi- 
doptera  and  other  insects  were  observed  in  spite  of  very  unfavourable 
conditions. 

At  the  final  business  Meeting  on  the  afternoon  of  August  9th  it 
was  decided  that  the  next  Congress  should  be  held  at  Vienna  in  1915, 
under  the  presidency  of  Professor  Anton  Handlirsch  of  the  Kaiserlich- 
kijuiglich  Naturhistorische  Hofinuseum.  A  highly  successful  banquet 
in  the  hall  of  Wadham  College,  on  the  same  evening,  attended  by  about 
150  Members,  and  a  most  enjoyable  visit  on  the  following  day  to  the 
Zoological  Museum  at  Tring,  where  over  100  Members  partook  of  the 
generous  hospitality  of  the  Hon.  Walter  Eothschild  and  his  brother, 
brought  a  memorable  reunion  of  Entomologists  to  a  close.     In  large 


1912.]  207 

measure  the  success  of  the  Oxford  Congress  is  due  to  the  energy  and 
organizing  powers  of  the  G-eneral  Secretaries,  Dr.  Karl  Jordan, 
and  especially  Mr.  H.  Eltringham,  who  was  at  short  notice  called 
upon  to  act  on  behalf  of  Dr.  Malcolm  Burr,  unfortunately  prevented 
by  the  illness  of  himself  and  his  wife  from  fully  carrying  out  the 
onerous  duties  of  that  post. 


NOTES     ON     THE     BEITISH     SPECIES     OF     0PH0NU8. 
BY    D.    SHARP,    M.A.,    F.R.S. 

No.  2. — O.  RUPicoLA  and  allies. 

(Continued  from  p.   185). 

4. — 0.  rupicoJa,  Stunn.  This  is  one  of  the  easiest  of  the  species  to 
recognise,  on  account  of  the  comparatively  elongate  and  fiat  fonn,  and 
the  shining  elytra  with  unusually  coarse  punctuation  ;  this  sculpture 
is,  however,  rather  denser  and  finer  in  the  female  than  it  is  in  the 
male.  The  thorax  is  ample,  but  a  good  deal  narrowed  behind,  and 
that  in  a  slightly  variable  manner,  for  the  sides  are  sometimes  only 
veiy  slightly,  sometimes  distinctly,  sinuate  posteriorly  ;  when  the  sides 
are  most  sinuate  the  hind  angles  approach  nearly  to  being  rectangular, 
but  they  are  always  slightly  obtuse,  and  there  is  no  basal  margin. 
The  species  therefore  ought  never  to  be  confused  with  0.  cordatus, 
though  it  sometimes  is  mistaken  for  that  species.  The  colour  varies  a 
little,  the  head  and  tliorax  being  sometimes  rather  bright  red,  while  in 
other  specimens  they  are  picescent,  but  are  never  so  black  as  the 
elytra.  Serial  punctures  on  the  3rd  and  5th  interstices  are  not  easy 
to  detect,  but  sometimes  2  or  3  really  exist,  on  the  5th  interstice  at 
any  rate,  though  they  are  difficult  to  distinguish  among  the  coarse 
diffuse  punctuation.  Large  specimens  attain  a  length  of  9^  mm.  A 
very  small  variety  only  6i  mm.  long  occurs,  and  in  the  smallest 
specimens  the  hind  angles  of  the  thorax  are  quite  obtuse.  The 
aedeagus  in  this  species  is  quite  remarkable  on  account  of  the  broad 
strongly  margined  apical  portion.  This  character  is  not  diminished 
in  the  depauperated  variety  just  mentioned. 

0.  rupicola  is  apparently  a  local  species  occasionally  met  with  in 
numbers  in  the  South  of  England.  I  once  captured  numerous  speci- 
mens at  Malvern  in  the  month  of  August.  Commander  Walker  finds 
it  at  Oxford  and  in  the  Isle  of  Sheppey.    The  Champion  collection  has 


208  [September, 

specimens  from  Sevenoaks,  Dorking,  Guildford,  Weymouth,  Wicken 
Fen,  and  Mickleham,  besides  a  very  remarkable  specimen  from  the 
New  Forest,  which  makes  considerable  approach  to  nqneoloides  ;  it  is 
rather  immature,  so  that  I  have  not  attempted  to  extract  the  sedeagus, 
and  I  do  not  myself  feel  any  doubt  as  to  its  species. 

The  nomenclature  of  this  species  is  unsatisfactory.  Sturm,  the 
first  describer,  figured  it  as  having  green  elytra,  and  in  his  description 
says  "  Die  Farbe  ist  dunkel  braunroth,  auf  der  Oberseite  fast  in  das 
Schwarze  iibergehend,  die  Fliigeldecken  siud  uberdies  mit  einem 
griinen  bronzeschimmer  iiberlaufen."  Dejean  could  not  recognise 
Sturm's  species  (probably  on  account  of  the  discrepancy  as  to  colour  I 
have  just  quoted)  and  he  described  the  insect  as  0.  subcordatvs, 
adding  "  rxipicoia,  Sturm  ?  "  in  the  synonymy.  Dawson  in  "  Geode- 
phaga  Britannica  "  appears  to  have  been  the  first  to  assign  Sturm's 
name  "  i-^qncoJa  "  to  this  species,  and  he  says  "  Elytra  .  .  pitchy  with 
occasionally  an  obscure  greenish  tinge."  I  have  never  seen  a  specimen 
with  any  such  coloration,  but  as  the  name  rupicola  is  now  in  general 
use  for  this  insect  it  is  well  to  adhere  to  it.  It  is  curious  that  Schaum 
in  "  Insecten  Deutschlands  "  makes  no  remark  as  to  this  point. 

5. — 0.  EUPICOLOIDES,  sp.  n.  Rvfescens,  antennis  peJibiisque  tesfaceis, 
elytris  nic/ricantibiis  ;  prothorace  evidcnter  trunsverso,  lateribus  Jeniter 
sinuatis,angulis  2)osteriur'ihus  subr(clis,hasi  immarginata  ;  elytris  sat  prof unde 
striatis,  crebre  sat  fortiter  pimctatis.     Long.  6^ — 7|  vim. 

This  insect  is,  I  believe,  largely  responsible  for  the  confusion  as  to 
our  forms.  I  have  found  it  mixed  in  collections  with  several  of  the  other 
species.  The  sedeagus  shows  it  to  be  allied  to  0.  rupicola.  It  has  the 
coloration  of  the  rufescent  varieties  of  that  species,  but  it  may  always 
be  distinguished  by  its  shorter  form,  and  by  the  less  coarse  punctuation 
of  the  elytra,  and  the  thorax  always  has  the  sides  less  convergent 
behind.  It  is  also  confounded  with  0.  rectanguhis  (=^pnncticollis  of 
collections),  Imt  it  has  less  elongate  elytra,  a  less  densely  punctured 
thorax,  and  the  base  of  this  part  with  less  distinct  traces  of  a  margin 

I  have  also  seen  it  placed  among  0.  brevlcollis,  but  the  broader 
prothorax  of  that  species,  with  less  punctuation,  and  sharply  marked 
almost  acute  hind  angles,  make  the  two  distinct  enough. 

In  Mr.  Champion's  Continental  collection  there  is  an  Oj^honus 
from  Corfu  labelled  0.  hrevicoUis,  Dej.  This  specimen  is  extremely 
like  0.  rupicoloides,  but  has  a  shorter  thorax,  and  an  sedeagus 
approximating  to  that  of  redangidvs,  so  that  it  pertains,  I  believe,  to 
another  undescribed  species. 


1912.]  209 

Small  specimens  of  0.  rupicoloides  are  very  similar  to  0.  parallelns, 
but  I  have  never  seen  that  species  with  the  coloration  of  this.  0. 
paraUelus,  moreover,  also  has  the  thorax  more  evenly  punctured  through- 
out. The  sedeagus  of  0.  rupicoloides  is  most  lite  that  of  0.  rupicola, 
but  the  apical  portion  is  much  more  slender,  and  the  raised  margin  at 
the  tip  less  definite. 

0.  rupicoloides  is  probably  not  a  great  rarity  in  Southern 
England.  Commander  Walker  possesses  a  nice  series  from  the  Med- 
way  district  (Chatham  and  the  Isle  of  Sheppey),  and  he  has  also  met 
with  it  at  Portland.  Mr.  Pool  has  found  it  at  Bembridge  in  the  Isle 
of  Wight.  Mr.  Champion  has  an  example  from  Gruildford,  and  I 
have  one  irom  Mickleham.  Most  of  my  own  specimens  were  procui-ed 
from  Brewer  many  years  ago  and  probably  came  from  Chatham.  The 
Crotch  collection  at  Cambridge  possessed  a  small  series  without 
locality,  and  spoiled  by  Mr.  Crotch  having  taken  them  off  their  cards 
and  pinned  them  with  black  pins.  The  same  collection  also  has  a 
specimen  from  T.  V.  Wollaston  marked  " puncticollis"  and  "  Withing- 
ton,"  and  which  may  be  from  either  Herefordshire  or  Wiltshire. 

The  Bembridge  specimens  seem  to  be  a  slender  race  resembling 
rectauguhis  a  good  deal,  though  not  really  difficult  to  distinguish. 

6. — O.  CHAMPIONI,  sp.  11.  Ferritglneus,  cainte  thoraceque  piceo-femi- 
gineis,  elytris  nigricantihus ;  thorace  transversa,  basin  versus  angustato, 
lateribus  vix  sinuatis,  angulis  posterioribus  obtusis,  basi  tantum  prope 
angulos  marginata,  puree  punctato ;  elytrrs  profunde  striatis,  crebre  sat 
fortiter  punctatis.     Long.  6  mm. 

This  species  is  known  to  me  only  by  four  specimens,  all  males. 
On  account  of  the  small  size  etc.  0.  championi  resembles  0.  paraUelus, 
but  it  is  closely  allied  to  rupicoloides  from  which  it  differs  by  having 
the  thorax  slightly  diiferent  in  shape,  more  scantily  punctured,  rather 
less  sinuate  at  the  sides,  and  the  hind-angles  slightly  more  sharply 
marked,  though  really  more  obtuse.  The  elytra  are  a  little  more 
deeply  striated.  The  sedeagus  is  shorter  and  thicker,  with  a  shorter 
and  stouter  apical  portion.  In  addition  to  these  characters  I  find  that 
the  wing  is  shorter,  more  blunt  at  the  tip,  with  the  nervures  on  the 
apical  portion  more  obsolete  than  in  any  other  species  (except 
0.  az'uretis,  in  which  the  wings  are  rudimentary).  Though  very  closely 
allied  to  rupicoloides  I  believe  this  will  prove  to  be  a  distinct  species. 

I  found  three  specimens  near  Guildford  on  May  3rd,  1895,  when 
collecting  with  Mr.  Champion ;  and  there  is  an  example  in  his  collec- 
tion, also  from  Guildford,  and  perhaps  found  at  the  same  time.     He 


210  [September, 

seems  to  have  been  puzzled  by  his  insect,  as  it  was  revei'sed  among 
some  large  specimens  of  0.  parallelus  at  the  end  of  his  series  of  that 
species.  It  differs,  however  from  large  examples  of  paraJlehis  by  the 
less  distinct  basal  margin  of  the  thorax,  as  well  as  by  a  slightly 
different  shape  and  punctuation  of  that  part. 

Lawnside,  Brockenhurst  : 
July,  1912. 

(To  he  continued). 


A   TABLE    OF   THE   BRITISH   SPECIES   OF   LACCOBIUS,    Er. 
BY    JAMBS    EDWARDS,    F.E.S. 

The  following  table  suggested  itself  in  the  course  of  the  writer's 
arrangement  of  his  material  in  this  genus,  and  its  publication  is 
prompted  by  the  consideration  that  no  table  of  our  species  has 
hitheiio  appeared  in  which  the  character  of  the  ^J  specula,  discovered 
by  Dr.  Sharp,  has  been  utilized  in  the  grouping  of  them  ;  moreover, 
two  species  have  been  added  to  our  list  since  the  publication  of 
Mr.  Newbery's  table  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag.  xliv,  p,  80). 

1  (12).    t?  with  a  pair  of  flat  smooth  shining  spaces  (specula)  on  the  under 

side  of  the  front  edge  of  the  labruni.  Rows  of  elytral  punctures 
irregular. 

2  (7).  Specula  sub-circular.     Surface  of  the  pronotura  smooth  on  the  disk. 

3  (6).    S   vv'ith  a  patch  of  yellow  pubescence  on  tlie  hinder  basal  angle  of  the 

middle  femora  beneath. 

4  (5).  Elytra  without  metallic  reflection.     The  dark  patch  on  the  pronotiun 

touching  the  hind  margin  in  its  two  inner  fourths  and  having  a  more 
or  less  V-shaped  projection  on  each  side  in  front.      Clypeus   often 

narrowly  pale  at  the  sides    nigriceps,  Thoms. 

{sinuatiis.  Fowler,  nee  Motsch). 

5  (4).  Elytra   with    purple   metallic    reflection.       The    dark   patch    on   the 

pronotum  occupying  the  whole  surface  except  a  narrow  side  border, 
which  sometimes  has  a  dentiform  projection  near  tlie  apical  third  of 
its  inner  edge  directed  obliqviely  backward,  Head  entirely  dai'k 
above    purpiirascens,  Newbery. 

6  (3).    <?  without   a  patch   of  yellow  pubescence  on  the  underaide   of  the 

middle  femora.  Pronotum  black  with  irregular  yellow  side  margins, 
which  have  a  dentiform  projection  neai-  the  apical  third  of  the  inner 
side,  and  sometimes  an  oblique  linear  one  i-unning  from  the  inner 
apical  angle  towards  the  middle  of  the  disk.  Head  entirely  dark 
above    ytenensis.  Sharp. 

7  (2).  Specula  wider  than  long. 

8  (11).  Specula  about  twice  as  wide  as  long.     Head  entirely  dai-k.     Surface 


1912.]  211 

of  pronotum  smooth  and  shining  on  the  disk.      S  without  a  patch  of 
yellow  pubescence  on  tlie  underside  of  middle  femora. 
9  (10).  Elytra  pale  with  black  punctiu-es  and  spots.     Colour-pattern  of  pi-o- 

notum  as  in  ytenensis  sinuatus,  Motsch. 

(ohlongus,  Gorh.) 

10  (9).  Upperside  black,  sides  of  pronotum  and  elytra  pale.     The  pale  sides 

of  the  pronotum  narrow  and  having  a  dentiform  projection  near  the 

apical  third  of  the  inner  side regularis,  Eey. 

{scutellaris,  Shai-p,  nee  Motsch.) 

11  (8),  Specula  about  four  times  as  wide  as  long'.      S   without  a  patch   of 

yellow  pubescence  on  the  underside  of  middle  femora.  Pronotum 
dull  by  reason  of  a  very  close  shallow  pvuictulation,  its 
colour-pattern  as  in  ytenensis.  Clypeiis  with  a  pale  spot  on  each 
side ahdaceus,  Thoms. 

12  (1).    (?  without  specula.      No  patch  of  yellow  pubescence  on  the  underside  of 

middle  femora  in  that  sex.  Eows  of  elytral  punctures  regular.  Clypeus 
with  a  pale  spot  on  each  side. 

13  (14).  Surface  of  pronotum  very  closely  jjunctulate  on  the  disk... minutus,  L. 

14  (13).  Surface  of  pronotum  smooth  and  .'shining  on  the  disk... 

Itiguttatus,  Gerh. 
(hipunctatus.  Fowler,  nee  Fab.) 

Colesborne,  Cheltenham : 

Augtist  7th,  1912. 


0RTH0CILETE8  INSIGNIS,  Aubk  :   A  BEETLE  NEW  TO  BRITAIN. 
BY    NORMAN    H.    JOY,    M.E.C.S.,    F.E.S. 

When  loolcing  over  my  collection  of  Coleoptera  a  sliort  time  ago, 
Capt.  Deville  suggested  that  OrtJioehsete^  msignis,  Aiibe,  ought  to 
occur  iu  Britain,  as  it  is  not  uncommon  on  the  coast  of  Brittany,  and 
on  examining  my  sei'ies  of  0.  setiger,  Beck,  he  pointed  out  that  four 
specimens  from  Cornwall  were  to  be  referred  to  the  former  species. 
He  has  since  kindly  sent  me  a  Continental  example  and  tlie  original 
description  of  the  species. 

0.  insignis  resembles  0.  setiger  in  colour,  except  that  the  antennae 
are  somewhat  darker.  The  general  shape  differs  considerably  ;  the 
thorax  is  rather  longer  and  more  parallel- sided  ;  and  the  sides  of  the 
elytra  are  sub-parallel,  lieing  only  contracted  for  the  apical  third. 
In  0.  setiger  they  are  evenly  rounded,  the  elytra  being  broadest 
about  the  middle.  Perhaps  the  most  obvious  distinction  in  fresh 
specimens  is  in  the  structure  of  the  scale-like  bristles  on  the  elytra. 


212  [September, 

In  0.  setiger  these  are  erect,  and  only  very  slightly  curved ;  in 
0.  ins  ignis  they  are  so  strongly  curved  that  the  tip  quite,  or  almost, 
touches  the  bristle  behind  it.  The  thorax  in  the  latter  species  has  a 
sliallow  longitudinal  groove  in  the  centre,  and  a  deeper  one  on  each 
side.     These  grooves  ai'e  absent  in  0  sefiger. 

Besides  the  specimens  from  Cornwall  I  have  seen  others  from 
S.  Wales  (Tomlin),  where  0.  setiyer  also  occurs,  and  Southsea 
(Fowler,  ex  Moncreaff).*  Capt.  Deville  gives  its  known  distribution  as 
follows :  "  Cotes  francaises  de  la  Bretagne  a  partir  de  Roscoff  (Finis- 
tere),  He  de  Re,  Asturias,  cote  occidentale  du  Maroc  (Larache), 
Provence  (Bouche-du- Rhone,  Var,  Alpes-maritimes) ,  Corse,  Sar- 
daigue. — Dans  les  derniers  pays  I'insecte  n'est  pas  specialement 
maritime." 

Bradfield,  Berks. : 
August  9tn,  1912. 


Recapture  of  Bembidium  virens,  Gyll.,  at  Loch  Maree,  Ross-shire. — On 
August  1st  T  paid  a  long  contemplated,  biit  unfortvinately  very  brief,  visit  to 
Loch  Maree,  where  Mr.  Gr.  C.  Champion  and  Mr.  E.  Wylie  Lloyd  took  B.  virens 
just  20  years  ago  (Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  Vol.  XXXI,  p.  263) ;  since  that  date,  with  the 
exception  of  the  doubtful  record  by  Mr.  Chitty  of  its  occurrence  at  Beauly, 
Inverness-shire,  the  insect  does  not  seem  to  have  been  recapttired  in  this  country. 
The  weather  was  anything  but  propitious  on  the  1st,  being  wet  and  cold;  for- 
tunately the  morning  of  the  2nd  was  bright  and  warm,  though  later  in  the  day 
rain  again  set  in.  Thanks  to  the  good  fortune  and  the  quick  eye  of  Capt.  C.  H. 
Fox,  E.N.,  who  was  staying  with  us  and  joined  me  in  the  trip,  four  specimens 
of  virens  were  taken  under  stones  by  the  Loch  side  on  the  evening  of  our  arrival, 
and  six  more  (one  was  afterwards  lost)  on  the  morning  of  the  2nd.  The  insect 
appeared  to  be  by  no  means  common,  and  much  stone-turning  and  searching 
in  the  gravel  was  necessary  to  secure  it.  We  had,  however,  only  about  four 
hoiu-s  available  for  collecting,  and  could  therefore  only  work  a  very  short  strip 
of  the  Loch  side. 

The  following  other  insects  were  seen  or  taken  on  the  Loch  side : — Carabus 
granulatus,  Scop.,  Oychrus  rostratus,  L.,  Notiophilus  biguttatus,  Fab.,  N.  aquati- 
cus,  L.,  Nebria  gyllenhali,  Sch.,  Loricera  pilicornis,  F.,  Pterostichus  niger,  Schall., 
P.  nigrita,  F.,Anchomenus  albipes,F.,  A.  parumpunctatus,  F.,  Bembidium  tibiale, 
Duft.,  B.  atrocceruleurn,  Steph.,  B.  monticola,  Stiu-m,  B.  littorale,  01.,  Trechus  ob- 
tusus,  Er.,  Anacxna  glob^dus,  Payk.,  Quediusfuliginosus,  Grav.,  Geodromicusnigrita, 
Miill.    A  single  specimen  of  Euryporus  picipes,  Payk.,  was  found  on  the  road  in  the 

*  I  find  that  I  have  0.  iiisidnis  from  Southsea  (mixed  witli  0.  .telk/cr,  ex  Moucreaff), 
and  Portland;  and  0.  sdiyir  from  Milford-on-Sea  (Hants),  the  Isle  of  Sheppey,  and  Oxford. 
Mr.  Champion  lias  0.  iasignis  from  Scilly  (Tresco  and  St.  Agnesi,  So\rthsea,  and  Woking,  and 
0.  setigir  from  Sandown,  Sheppey,  Chatham,  and  Woking,  as  well  as  from  Malta  and  the 
Pirseus.— J.  J.  W. 


1912.]  213 

wood  by  the  Loch  side  on  our  way  back  to  the  hotel  to  catch  the  motor  car 
whicli  left  Kinlochewe  Hotel  abovit  mid-day  on  the  2nd  for  Achnasheen  Station, 
bnt  as  there  was  no  room  on  the  car  we  had  to  procure  a  trap  and  drive  the  10 
miles  from  the  hotel  to  the  station.  We  dismoimted  en  route  and  made  a  hasty 
search  under  stones  by  the  shores  of  Loch  Rosque,  a  large  loch  near  Achnasheen, 
but  saw  no  sign  of  B.  virens*  Loch  Maree  is  not  an  accessible  place ;  the  journey 
from  Nethy  Bridge,  a  distance  of  about  80  miles,  took  nearly  ninehoiirs  in  trap, 
train,  and  motor  car,  so  unless  the  insect  is  discovered  in  other  localities,  it  is 
not  likely  that  B.  virens  will  ever  be  very  common  in  our  collections. — Prof.  T 
Hudson  Beare  :  August  12th,  1912. 

Velleius  dilatatus,  >.fc.,  in  the  New  Forest. — On  July  11th,  I  had  the  good 
fortune  to  take  a  pair  of  this  fine  and  rare  Staphylinid  under  a  piece  of  loose 
bark  on  a  C'ossus-infested  oak  near  Brockenhiu'st.  In  former  years  there  had 
been  a  hornet's  nest  in  this  tree,  but  these  insects  had  long  deserted  it,  though 
numbers  of  Vespa  vulgaris  were  attracted  to  the  small  quantity  of  sap  exuding 
at  the  present  time.  "  Sugaring "  at  night  on  the  tree,  and  laying  a  baited 
bottle  at  its  root,  failed  to  produce  any  further  specimens  of  Velleius,  but 
Dr.  Sharp  obtained  a  third  example  from  an  old  Cosstts-burrow  on  the  18th. 
Quedius  ventralis  was  also  present  in  the  tree. 

The  usual  'Ne^v  Forest  Coleoptera  were  exceedingly  scarce  in  July,  and 
sweeping  was  particularly  unproductive,  the  only  good  beetle  obtained  by  this 
method  being  Trachys  troglodytes,  of  which  I  took  a  single  example  in  a  marshy 
place  on  the  South- Western  railway-bank,  where  I  had  found  the  insect  in  previous 
years  on  two  occasions.  Batrisiis  venustus,  Trichonyx  sulcicoilis,  Scydmsenus  exilis, 
Euthia  schaumi,  Choleva  colonoides,  Leptinus  testaceus,  and  Plegaderus  dissectus, 
among  other  species,  were  obtained,  all  rarely  or  sparingly,  by  sifting  decayed 
beech-wood.  I  found  a  fine  coal-black  variety  of  Pterostichus  lepidus  in  a  sand- 
pit near  Matley  Bog,  and  turned  a  fine  ^  example  of  Anisotoma  lunicollis  on 
Jixly  23rd  out  of  a  burrow  in  a  sandy  spot  on  the  cliffs  at  Milford-on-Sea. — 
James  J.  Walkek,  Aorangi,  Lonsdale  Kd.,  Summertown,  Oxford :  Aug.  16th,  1912. 

Nanophyes  gracilis,  Redt.,  on  Peplis  portula  in  the  New  Forest. — By  following 
up  Mr.  G.  C.  Champion's  discovery  of  the  food-plant  of  Nanophyes  gracilis 
(Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  1911,  p.  214),  I  succeeded  in  taking  a  fine  series  of  this  pretty 
little  weevil  on  and  under  Peplis  portula,  growing  on  open  places  where  water 
had  stood  earlier  in  the  year  ;  the  species  had  previoiisly  occurred  to  me  only  as 
a  gTcat  rarity  in  the  Forest. — James  J.  Walker  :  August  16th,  1912. 

Request  for  larvse  of  Phytonomus. — Herr  M.  Eiihl,  Zurich,  Editor  of  the 
"  Societas  Entomologica,"  having  read  in  a  paper  I  sent  him  that  lucerne  is  here 
and  there  cultivated  along  the  English  coast,  and  on  the  sliore  of  Alderney  is 
growing  wild,  is  desirous  of  obtaining  stems  that  are,  or  ought  to  be,  attacked 
by  the  grubs  of  a  beetle  of  the  genus  Phytonomus.     The  stems  containing  the 

*  The  shores  of  this  Loch  were  also  examined  by  me  in  1892. — G,  C.  C. 


214  [September, 

gnibs  should  be  sent  in  wet  sphagiuxm,  and,  as  the  leaves  of  the  lucerne  when 
picked  quickly  wither,  it  is  necessary  to  place  them  in  a  glass  of  water.  I  con- 
clude he  wishes  to  work  out  the  Inology  of  this  beetle. — A  H.  Swinton, 
Braishfield,  Romsey,  Hampshire :  July,  1912. 

"  A  rare  butterfly' s  journey." — We  copy  the  following  from  the  "'  Daily 
Mail "  of  August  10th. — "  What  apparently  is  a  very  rare  butterfly  has  been 
captured  by  the  Rev.  Hugh  S.  Walford  at  Bracknell  It  is  a  black  swallow-tail 
butterfly,  which,  with  wings  extended,  measures  18|in.  isic ! )  Mr.  Walford  knows 
it  to  be  neither  English  nor  European,  but  thinks  it  may  be  either  Indian  or 
Japanese.  The  butterfly  is  a  splendid  specimen,  and  has  pi-obably  come  to 
England  in  some  packing-case  in  the  chrysalis  stage.  It  was  caught  in  the 
woods  a  mile  from  the  village." — Eds. 

Melanism  in  Abraxas  grossidariata. — During  the  spring  of  this  year  I  had 
collected  for  me,  from  a  market  garden  close  to  this  toAvn,  over  six  thousand 
larva;  and  pupa;  of  Abraxas  grossidariata.  The  last  lot  brought  to  me  consisted 
of  six  hundred  pupae  only,  and  they  were  j)ut  into  a  separate  cage.  From  them 
I  bred  two  large  '  all-black  '  <?  moths,  and  a  third  similar  <? ,  except  that  in  it 
the  yellow  band  can  be  faintly  traced  through  the  black,  and  of  which  in  the 
other  two  there  is  no  trace.  The  form  has  nothing  to  do  with  var.  varleyata 
(which  form  I  do  not  regard  as  a  case  of  true  melanism),  but  is  evidently  the 
extreme  form  of  var.  riigrosparsata,  in  which  the  iisual  black  dots  and  spots  of  that 
form  have  become  so  dense  as  to  overlap  each  other  and  form  an  uniform  black 
siu-face.  The  three  specimens  were  probably  all  from  one  brood,  and  no  doubt 
the  pvipas  were  collected  from  the  same  part  of  the  garden,  as  the  tliree  moths 
emerged  on  two  following  days,  the  first  on  June  18th,  the  two  others  on  the 
next  day,  the  19th.  Nothing  like  them  appeared  from  the  larvae,  large  as  the 
number  was,  although  from  them  I  lirt'd  some  three  dozen  examples  of  var.  nigro- 
sparsata,  varying  from  pale  moths  sparingly  freckled  with  the  black  dots, 
through  intermediate  forms  to  the  finest  dark  form  of  the  variety,  and  then  to 
the  specimen  so  near  the  '  all-black '  f oi-m  that  only  the  indistinct  yellow  median 
band  separates  it.  The  'all-black'  form  has  never  been  noticed  in  this  district 
before,  and  is  seemingly  another  instance  of  progi-essive  melanism. 

The  larvtB,  too,  were  far  more  variable  this  year  than  I  have  ever  seen 
them,  thoiigh  that  may  be  becaiise  I  have  never  previously  had  so  many  wild 
larvae  at  one  time.  The  almost  black  form  which  the  late  Mr.  Eobson  used  to 
send  out  from  near  Newcastle-on-Tyue  (described  and  figured  in  Buckler's 
*'  Larvae  ")  was  in  fair  numbers,  and  specimens  occurred  of  almost  every  inter- 
mediate form  between  it  and  the  ordinary  form  ;  whilst  one  very  striking  form, 
fairly  numerously  represented,  was  so  striped  and  coloured  as  to  have  a  siiper- 
ficial  resemblance  to  a  huge  larva  of  Hypsipetes  elutata!  The  late  Wni.  Buckler 
would  have  revelled  in  them. — Geo.  T.  Poreitt,  Elm  Lea,  Dalton,  Huddersfield  : 
August  12th,  1912. 


1912.]  215 

Abraxas  grossulariata,  var.  nigra. — ^The  'all-black'  form  alluded  to  in  the 
foregoing,  which  has  quite  lost  the  characteristic  of  var.  nigrosparsata,  I  propose 
to  name  Abraxas  grossulariata,  var.  nigra,  and  it  may  briefly  but  effectively,  be 
described  as  follows  : — 

All  the  wings  both  above  and  underneath  of  a  very  dark  blue-black,  with 
the  usual  black  markings  of  the  species  showing  through  of  a  still  more  intense 
black,  except  that  on  the  hind-wings  there  are  no  spots  except  the  marginal 
series,  and  these  smaller  than  iisual.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  of  the  more 
intense  shade  of  black.  The  only  trace  of  bright  colour  consists  of  a  very  few 
dark  orange  scales  just  at  the  junction  of  the  hind-wings  with  the  thorax.      J  . 

Described  from  the  slightly  finer  specimen  of  the  two,  and  which  stands  in 
my  cabinet  as  the  type  of  the  form. 

I  have  adojited  the  name  nigra  for  this  variety,  in  preference  to  another 
name  I  had  half  decided  on  for  it,  to  prevent  confusion.  In  tlie  "  Entomologist's 
Kecord,"  Vol.  XXI,  p.  272,  the  Rev.  G.  H.  Eaynor  suggests  the  name  nigra  as 
applicable  to  "a  pure  black  form  which  Mr.  Beattie  bred  from  Mickleham,  and 
Mr.  L.  W.  Newman  from  larvie  of  ab.  varlerjata."  Possil)ly  the  Mickleham 
specimen  may  have  been  of  the  form  above  described,  as  I  do  not  know  that  var. 
varleyata  has  ever  been  recorded  from  the  south  of  England ;  but  Mr.  Newman's 
specimen,  which  I  examined,  certainly  was  not :  it  was  merely  a  somewhat 
small  second  brood  specimen  of  varleyata  in  which  the  white  of  the  forewings 
was  obliterated.  I  bred  a  siinikir  one  myself,  also  a  second  brood  specimen,  last 
year,  and  have  bred  a  nmnber  of  others  nearly  approaching  it.  The  form  is  in 
no  way  entitled  to  a  separate  appellation.  Mr.  Raynor  had  apparently  neither 
of  the  specimens  before  him ;  it  is  well,  therefore,  that  it  should  be  definitely 
known  to  what  form  the  name  belongs. — Geo.  T.  Porkitt,  :  August  12th,  1912. 

Syrphas  tonus,  O.-S.,  and  S.  luniger,  Meig.,  bred.  —Early  in  May  last  I 
noticed  that  various  young  pines  on  one  of  oiu*  commons  here  were  much 
infested  with  two  species  of  Aphis,  and  on  examining  these  trees  a  little  more 
closely,  nunieroiis  Syrphid  larvae,  and  many  Cocciuellids,  were  found  to  be  prey- 
ing \ipon  the  Aphids.  Most  of  the  larvae  were  green,  witli  two  sinuous  vermilion- 
red  lines,  separated  by  a  black  streak,  running  down  the  middle  of  the  dorsal 
surface.  On  May  13th,  I  handed  over  a  number  of  these  larvse,  which  appeared 
to  be  full-fed,  to  Mr.  F.  W.  Edwards  of  the  British  Museum,  to  see  if  he  could 
breed  them.  Two  or  three  days  later,  he  tells  me,  they  pupated,  and  altogether 
about  3U  examples  of  S.  torvus  emerged  in  the  Musemn,  on  May  28th — 3Uth, 
With  these  handsome  S.  torvus  larva?  there  were  a  few'  others  of  a  more  uniform 
green  coloiu-,  from  which  three  specimens  of  S.  luniger,  Meig.,  were  bred  on  the 
same  dates.  Mr.  Metcalf  has  recently  given  an  account  of  the  lite-history  of 
S.  torvus  [Ohio  Nat.  ii,  pp.  341 — 34-4,  pi.  17  (1911)],  but  his  description  of  the 
larva  does  not  accord  very  well  with  those  taken  by  me.  He  says  it  is  brownish 
in  colour,  and  tliat  "laterad  to  the  black  mid-dorsal  blood  vessel  are  two  long 


216  [September, 

yellowish  bundles  of  fat  irregularly  outlined,  extending  practically  the  full 
length  and  varying  in  width."  Also  that  the  larva  lives  on  cabbage  and  related 
plants  affected  by  Aphis  brassicx  ;  and  on  sycamore  affected  by  Longistigma 
caryiB.  The  S.  torvus,  therefoi'e,  of  our  British  lists  may  prove  to  be  diiferent 
from  Osten  Sacken's  species. — O.  C.  Champion,  Horsell,  Woking :  July,  1912. 

Ho}ij  to  use  Schrocder's  Prism-eye-piece  camera  lucida. — Several  entomological 
specialists,  including  the  late  Baron  E.  de  Selys-Longchamps  and  Mr.  Verrall, 
have  regretted  their  inability  to  use  a  camera  lucida  in  drawing.  The  difficulty 
experienced  by  them  arose  partly  from  improper  adjustment  of  light  (the  light 
reaching  the  eye  throi^gh  the  microscope,  and  that  reflected  to  it  from  the 
drawing  paper  or  card),  and  partly  from  the  object  to  be  di-awn  shifting,  through 
parallax,  its  apparent  position  on  the  paper.  Expedients  are  well  known  for 
the  regulation  of  light,  such  as  increasing  that  thrown  upon  the  object,  using 
diaphragms,  or  laying  paper  over  the  mirror  to  reduce  excess  of  light  coming 
through  the  microscope,  or  shading  with  ground  glass  or  the  hand  the  surface 
of  the  di'awing  board :  but  parallax  I'emains.  This  difficulty,  however,  can  be 
easily  surmounted  also.  First  look  inside  the  Schroeder  eye-piece  to  make  siu'e 
that  the  prisms  completely  cover  the  circular  apertiu-e  of  the  eye-cap  of  the 
apparatus  to  be  fitted  on  to  the  microscope :  then,  having  put  it  on  to  the  eye- 
piece, set  the  lower  edge  of  Schroeder's  franu^  parallel  with  the  horizontal  edge 
of  some  part  of  the  microscope  stand ;  incline  the  tube  of  the  microscope  until 
the  field  of  vision  in  view  through  the  oval  external  apertiu'e  of  Schroeder's 
instrvunent  becomes  circular  and  centred  upon  the  drawing-board  laid  horizon- 
tally 10  inches  below  the  eye-piece.  The  centring  can  be  assured  by  drawing 
on  the  board  two  diameters  intersecting  one  another  in  the  centre  at  right 
angles,  and  marking  off  upon  them  points  where  they  are  cut  by  circles  drawn 
from  that  centre  at  distances  equal  to  radii  of  different  fields  of  view  previously 
ascertained,  and  then  making  the  circumference  of  the  field  of  view  under 
observation  pass  through  3  points  out  of  4  equi-distant  from  the  centre  (the 
fourth  mark  being  commonly  out  of  view).  Also  have  ready  a  piece  of  sheet 
brass,  shaped  and  beaten  to  fit  saddle- wise  upon  the  prism-case  of  the  camera, 
and  capable  of  being  moved  forwards  or  backwards  a  little  vipon  it,  having  at  a 
distance  of  5  millimetres  from  the  microscope  end  a  circular  perforation  1,  or  15 
millimetre  in  diameter-,  pierced  through  in  the  middle  of  the  breadth  of  its  upper 
side.  This  fitted  over  the  Ramsden  spot  (visible  with  a  lens  within  the  oval 
aperture  of  Schroeder's  eye-piece)  preclvides  parallax.  By  shifting  the  saddle 
the  circular  hole  in  it  can  be  centred  upon  the  spot  mentioned,  the  area  and 
position  of  which  vary  with  the  object-glass  and  eye-piece  of  the  microscope 
employed. — A.  E.  Eaton,  Northam,  Devon :  July,  1912. 


Ent.  Mo.  MaCx.,  1912. 


l'l,,it,>    I,.    CiRILI.KH. 


v^^. 


^st-^^^-C-i 


1912.]  217 


ituaiiics. 


Ludwirj  Ganglbauer. — We  regi'et  to  have  to  I'ecord  the  death  of  this  well 
known  writer  on  Palsearctic  Coleoptcra,  on  June  5th.  He  was  born  at  Vienna 
on  October  1st,  1856,  and  thus  had  not  completed  his  56th  year.  His  father  was 
an  official  in  the  Ministry  of  Finance,  and  his  mother  came  from  a  Viennese 
family  of  merchants  ;  and  he  was  a  nephew  of  Cardinal  Coelestin  Josef 
Ganglbauer.  Ganglbauer  passed  his  youth  at  Vienna,  spending  some  time 
nearly  every  siunmer  in  the  country  ivith  his  grandparents,  who  had  a  farm 
at  Schiittelberg  in  Upper  Austria.  He  was  a  pupil  at  the  Schotten  Gymnasium, 
and  then  went  to  the  University.  His  father  wanted  him  to  study  law,  and 
was  much  annoyed  by  the  love  of  his  son  for  natural  sciences,  which  became 
evident  even  in  his  early  youth.  He  collected  beetles  when  he  was  only  six  or 
seven  years  of  age.  As  his  father  died  the  same  year  in  vphich  Ganglbauer 
passed  the  University  examination,  the  son  decided  at  once  to  study  natural 
science  instead  of  law.  At  the  University  he  studied  Zoology  and  especially 
Botany.  In  1878  he  passed  the  examination  as  Master  for  Secondary  Schools, 
and  entered  the  Akademische  Gymnasium  as  a  probationer,  biit  soon  after,  on 
October  1st,  1880,  he  was  appointed  Assistant  in  the  k.k.  Hofcabinet,  becoming 
custodian  of  the  collection  of  Coleoptcra  in  succession  to  Dr.  H.  Krauss,  In 
1883  Ganglbauer  married  Eugenie  Starke,  his  family  life  being  a  very  happy 
one  until  his  death.  On  January  1st,  1893,  he  was  appointed  Gustos,  and  on 
May  1st,  1906,  in  succession  to  Brauer,  he  became  Director  of  the  Zoological 
Department  of  the  k.k.  Hofmvisevim.  Besides  his  extensive  literary  activity  in 
the  field  of  systematics  of  Coleoptera,  Ganglbauer  has  achieved  exceptionally 
great  results  in  the  enlargement  and  arrangement  of  the  collections  of  Coleo- 
ptera of  the  Hofmuseum.  Owing  to  his  zeal  and  knowledge,  the  collection  of 
beetles  in  this  Museum  is  now  one  of  the  lai'gest  in  the  world,  containing  an 
unrivalled  material  for  study,  especially  of  the  Palasarctic  fauna.  A  large 
px'oportion  of  this  material  has  been  collected  by  Ganglbauer  hianself  diu-ing 
his  yearly  tours,  particularly  in  the  Alps,  Carpathians,  and  the  Austrian  Kai-st 
districts,  Ganglbauer  being  in  large  tracts  of  country  the  first  to  explore  their 
fauna  as  regards  Coleoptera.  He  did  not  spare  himself  in  any  way,  either  in 
the  field  or  when  engaged  on  literary  work.  Some  years  ago,  but  especially 
after  the  forced  completion  of  Vol.  Ill  of  his  "Kafer  von  Mitteleiu-opa," 
symptoms  of  disease  appeared  from  time  to  time  in  conseqvience  of  too 
strenuous  work.  The  appointment  as  Director  of  the  Zoological  Department 
burdened  him  with  new  and  extensive  duties,  in  addition  to  which  he  strained 
every  nerve  to  continue  his  literary  work  in  Coleoptera.  This  double  strain 
broke  his  health.  He  became  dangerovisly  ill  in  the  spring  of  1911,  and  died, 
as  above  stated,  on  June  5th  of  the  present  year,  after  undergoing,  with  the 
greatest  patience,  two  serious  operations.  During  the  last  weeks  of  his  life  he 
received  the  news  of  his  election  as  Corresponding  Member  of  the  Academy  of 
Sciences  at  Christiania,  which  gave  him  great  pleasiu'e.  He  was  elected  an 
Honorary  Fellow  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Loudon  in  1906.  British 
Coleopterists  are  much  indebted  to  him  for  his  valuable  work  on  the  Carabidw, 

R 


2l8  [f^epteinber, 

Staphylinidae,  Clavicornia,  Hydrophilidse,  &c.,  forming  Bandes  I-IV  of  the 
"  Kafer  von  Mitteleuropa,"  1 892-1904.  We  have  to  thank  Herr  Anton  Handlirsch 
for  his  assistance  in  the  pi-eparation  of  this  notice. 

Robert  Walter  Cam2>bell  Shelford,  whose  death  took  place  under  distressing 
circumstances  at  Margate  on  June  22nd,  was  born  at  Singapore  on  Augvist  3rd, 
1872.  From  a  very  early  age,  as  the  result  of  a  fall  downstairs,  he  sviffered 
from  tubercular  disease  of  the  hip,  which  left  him  with  a  permanently  stiff 
joint.  Despite  this  serious  handicap,  after  a  short  term  at  King's  College, 
London,  he  proceeded  to  Emmaniiel  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  took 
an  excellent  degree  in  the  Natm-al  Sciences  Tripos.  In  1895  he  became 
Demonstrator  in  Biology  at  the  Yorkshire  College,  Leeds,  under  Professor 
L.  C.  Miall ;  and  two  years  later  he  gave  up  this  appointment  to  go  out  to 
Borneo  as  Curator  of  the  Sarawak  Museum  at  Kuching.  In  this  capacity  he 
remained  until  1904,  adding  greatly  to  the  efficiency  and  value  of  the  Museum 
under  his  charge,  and  acquiring  an  extensive  and  varied  knowledge  of  nature 
in  one  of  the  richest  and  most  interesting  regions  in  the  Tropics.  His  studies 
at  Sarawak  resulted  in  several  important  papers,  chiefly  on  Mimicry  in  Insects, 
in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Zoological  Society,  and  elsewhere ;  and  latterly  he 
was  engaged  on  a  work  on  the  Natural  History  of  Borneo — this  was  left 
unfinished  at  his  death,  but  it  is  hoped  that  in  the  near  future  it  may  be  com- 
pleted from  his  notes.  On  his  return  to  England  in  1905,  after  a  torn-  in  the 
Malay  Archipelago,  he  accepted  an  appointment  in  the  Hope  Department  of 
the  Oxford  University  Museum.  Here  his  energies  were  concentrated  on  the 
important  collections  of  Orthoptera,  which  are  now,  thanks  to  his  exertions, 
second  to  none  in  the  world  as  regards  completeness  and  arrangement.  The 
Blattidse  were  his  favourite  group,  and  he  published  a  large  series  of  ex- 
ceedingly vahiable  papers  on  these  insects  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Entomo- 
logical Society  and  other  scientific  serials,  besides  undertaking  a  monograph 
of  the  fainily  for  Wytsman's  "  Genera  Insectorum."  After  some  four  years  of 
steady  and  fruitful  work  in  the  Museum,  an  accidental  fall  in  1909  led  to  the 
appearance  of  his  old  complaint  in  an  aggravated  form,  to  which  more  than 
one  severe  operation  failed  to  give  more  than  temporary  relief,  and  hence- 
forward he  was  only  able  to  pixrsue  his  studies  at  irregtdar  intervals ;  finally 
he  retired,  on  medical  advice,  to  Margate,  where  his  last  days  were  passed 
under  severe  and  increasing  suffering,  though  his  bright  and  energetic  nature 
was  manifested  in  the  last  letter  received  from  him  by  the  writer  of  this 
Memoir,  only  a  few  days  before  his  death. 

Shelford's  untimely  decease  leaves  a  gap  in  the  ranks  of  systematic  and 
biononaic  Entomologists  which  will  not  be  readily  filled,  and  his  place  in  our 
science  as  an  authority  on  his  favourite  order  of  Insects  is  a  permanent  one. 
He  married  in  June,  1908,  the  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Alfred  Richardson,  who 
survives  him,  and  to  whom  we  tender  oiu-  sincere  condolence  and  sympathy. 


1912.]  2^9 

The  Rev.  Thomas  Blaclchurn,  B.A. — The  last  survivor  of  the  original  Editors 
of  this  Magazine  passed  away  in  tlie  person  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Blackburn,  at 
Woodville  Vicarage,  Adelaide,  South  Australia,  on  May  19th  last,  at  the  age  of 
more  tlian  70  years.  In  company  with  his  elder  brother,  the  late  Mr.  J.  B. 
Blackbvirn,  he  early  tvii-ned  his  attention  to  the  study  of  insects,  and  we  first 
find  him  contributing  notes  to  the  later  numbers  of  the  "  Entomologist's 
Weekly  Intelligencer."  A  few  months  after  this  periodical  ceased  to  appear  in 
1862,  he  started  with  commendable  enterprise  a  magazine  on  similar  lines,  the 
"  Weekly  Entomologist,"  published  at  first  at  Altrincham,  Cheshire,  and  after- 
wards in  London  ;  this  came  to  an  end  in  November,  1863,  after  65  numbers 
had  been  issued.  Ovir  own  Magazine  commenced  in  the  following  year,  with 
Mr.  Blackburn  as  one  of  the  five  original  editors,  but  his  name  disappeared 
from  the  list  after  the  close  of  the  first  vohuue.  About  that  time  he  decided  to 
leave  the  Civil  Service  and  to  take  Holy  Orders ;  his  interest  in  entomology, 
however,  continued,  and  he  contribvited  several  articles  to  oiu*  earlier  volumes, 
mainly  on  British  Coleoptera.  Towards  the  end  of  1876  he  went  to  the 
Hawaiian  Islands  as  chaplain  to  the  Bishop  of  Honolvilu,  and  the  insect  fauna, 
then  all  but  unknown,  of  these  islands  naturally  claimed  his  attention.  The 
results  of  collecting  and  observation  during  a  residence  of  more  than  six  years 
are  embodied  in  an  important  joint  paper  with  Dr.  D.  Sharp,  "  Memoirs  on  the 
Coleoptera  of  the  Hawaiian  Islands,"  in  the  Scientific  Transactions  of  the  Eoyal 
Dublin  Society  for  1885.  In  these  Memoirs  a  large  niunber  of  new  and  most 
remarkable  endemic  forms  are  desci'ibed  by  the  two  authors,  and  in  them  we 
realize  for  the  first  time  the  stirpassing  interest  of  the  insect  fatma  of  this 
small  island  group,  isolated  in  the  midst  of  the  Pacific  Ocean.  We  next  find 
Mr.  Blackburn  at  his  South  Australian  vicarage,  engaged  in  the  study  of  the 
far  more  varied  and  extensive  Coleopterous  fauna  of  the  Island-Continent. 
Manj'  hundreds  of  new  species  were  described  by  him  from  1887  onwards  in  the 
Australian  scientific  periodicals,  mainly  in  the  "  Transactions  of  the  Eoyal 
Society  of  South  Australia";  and  the  type-specimens  of  all  these  have,  we 
believe,  been  recently  acquired  by  our  own  Natural  History  Museum.  It  need 
hardly  be  said  that  he  was  regarded  as  the  leader  of  the  energetic  little  band  of 
Australian  Coleopterists,  to  whom  his  name  was  a  household  word ;  and  the 
writer  of  this  notice  recalls  with  much  pleasure  the  genial  kindness  and  hosjji- 
tality  extended  to  him  by  Mr.  Blackburn  during  his  two  very  brief  visits  to 
Adelaide  in  1891  and  1901. 

George  Masters. — We  have  to  deplore  the  loss  of  another  well-known 
Australian  Entomologist,  Mr.  George  Masters,  who  died  at  Sydney,  N.S.W., 
on  June  26th,  at  the  ripe  age  of  75  years.  He  was  a  native  of  Mid-Kent,  and 
went  to  Australia  about  the  year  1860,  shortly  afterwards  proceeding  on  an 
extended  collecting  tour  to  Port  Denison  and  Gayndah,  Queensland.  On  this 
trip  he  accvimulated  an  enormous  series  of  rare  and  unknown  forms,  chiefly  of 
Coleoptera,  of  which  a  large  number  were  described  by  Sir  W.  Macleay ;  this 
was  followed  by  equally  successful  journeys  to  Western  Australia  and  Tasmania, 
and  in  1875  he  was  a  member  of  Macleay's  important  scientific  expedition  to 

R  2 


09()  [September, 

New  Guinea  in  the  "Chevei't."  At  first  on  the  stafP  of  the  Australian  Mnsetim, 
Mr.  Masters  became  in  1S74  the  cixrator  of  the  extensive  collections  which 
developed  into  the  fine  "  Macleay  Mnsenm,"  attached  to  the  University  of 
Sydney,  and  of  which  he  retained  the  charge  vmtil  liis  death.  Tn  intimate  and 
first-hand  knowledge  of  the  Aiistralian  insect  fauna,  Mr.  Masters  was  altogether 
without  a  rival,  and  it  is  greatly  to  bo  regretted  that  his  many  friends  were 
unable  to  persuade  him  to  give  his  experiences  as  a  field  naturalist  to  the 
world.  We  owe  to  him,  however,  an  exceedingly  useful  "  Catalogiie  of  the 
Described  Coleoptera  of  Australia,"  with  a  sxipplement  of  the  species  then 
known  from  New  Guinea,  embodied  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Linnean  Society 
of  New  Soutli  Wales  for  1886.  He  became  one  of  the  Original  Fellows  of  this 
Society  more  than  50  years  ago,  and  was  also  a  member  of  the  short-lived  but 
active  Entomological  Society  of  New  South  Wales  throughout  its  duration. 


The  South  London  Entomological  and  Natural  History  Society  .- 
Thursday,  July  Uth,  1912.— Mr.  A.  E.  Tonge,  F.E.S.,  President,  in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Dennis  exhibited  galls  from  the  poplar-tree  made  by  two  species  of 
Aphides,  Pemphig^is  hwsarms  and  P.  spirothecse,  the  former  of  a  pyriform  shaj)e 
on  the  petiole,  and  the  latter  of  a  spiral  shape  in  the  same  situation. 
Miss  Fountaine,  a  fine  series  of  examples,  mostly  bred  by  herself,  of  species  of 
Callidryas  from  the  W.  Indies  and  S.  Africa,  with  the  large  species  of  Gonepteryx 
from  America.  Mr.  H.  Main,  living  larvae  of  Pyrameis  cardui  from  Eastbourne, 
and  a  fine  series  of  Pieris  napi  and  v.  bryonix,  the  results  of  recent  experiments. 
Mr.  Piatt  Barrett,  a  bred  specimen  of  Charaxes  jasuis  from  Sicily,  and  made 
remarks  on  the  spring  and  early  sununer  of  the  present  year  in  that  island. 
Mr.  Step,  photogTaphs  of  the  leaves  of  the  maple  and  sycamore  with  the  cases 
of  the  sawfly  larva,  Pliyllotoma  aceris,  and  remarked  on  the  occurrence  of  the 
insect  at  Ashtead  and  Oxshott.  Several  other  members  had  also  met  with  the 
species.  Mr.  Adkin,  the  cocoon  of  Platysamia  cecropia  previously  shown  by 
Mr.  Dods,  and  pointed  out  that  the  inner  envelojDe  of  the  cocoon  was  reversed, 
hence  the  imago  had  to  emerge  from  the  wrong  end  of  the  outer  envelope.  He 
also  showed  several  bred  series  of  Coremia  ferrugata,  and  read  notes  on  the 
variation  of  this  species.  Mr.  H.  Moore,  a  variety  of  Papilio  phorcas  from 
Africa,  in  which  the  veins  were  margined  with  white  in  the  green  areas  of  both 
wings.  Mr.  Sich,  the  pupa  cases  of  Libythea  celtis  showing  that  the  pupa  lies 
in  a  horizontal  position  under  a  leaf  without  a  girdle  for  support,  and  he  also 
showt^d  white  eggshells  of  Cerura  vinula  found  in  Sussex.  Mr.  Edwards,  two 
large  Eastern  Satyridse,  Neorina  hilda  and  N.  rrishna. — H.  J.  Turner,  Hon. 
Secretary. 


1912.]  221 

Entomological  Society  of  London:  Wednesday,  Mcnj  1st,  1912. — Mr.  A. 
H.  Jones,  Vice-President,  in  the  Chair. 

The  Rev.  E.  Adrian  Woodrnffe-Peacock,  F.L.S.,  F.G.S,,  Cadney  Vicarage, 
Brig-g,  Lincolnshire,  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Society. 

Mr.  A.  H.  Jones  exhibited  three  examples  of  Aglais  iirticae,  var.  ichnusa, 
showing  the  absence  of  scales  in  the  centre  of  the  wings,  where  the  central  spots 
are  present  in  the  type.  These  spots  appeared  also  in  one  only  of  the  Corsican 
examples.  Also  examples  of  Euchloc  damone  from  Sicily  and  Asia  Minor, 
showing  the  difference  in  the  depth  of  coloiu"  of  the  transverse  black  streak  on 
forewings  and  in  the  tone  of  colour  of  undersides.  Dr.  G.  B.  Longstaff,  a  series 
of  twelve  specimens  (five  males  and  seven  females)  of  the  rare  white  butterfly, 
Pinacopteryx  doxo,  Godart  {venatus,  Butler),  from  the  White  Nile.  Mr.  Alfred 
Sich,  two  specimens,  with  their  cases,  of  Coleophora  trigeminella,  Fuclis,  and 
one  specimen  of  C.  hadiipennella,  Dup.,  with  its  case  for  comparison.  Mr.  W. 
J.  Kaye,  three  small  groups  of  Ithomiine  butterflies  that  had  been  taken  by 
himself  in  S.  Brazil,  One  group  consisted  of  Heterosais  nephele  edessa,  Ithomia 
drymo,  and  Leucothyris  aquata,  all  of  which  had  been  taken  at  Guaruja,  near 
Santos,  at  the  end  of  February  and  beginning  of  March,  1910.  Another  similar 
group,  all  belonging  to  diffei-ent  genera,  was  one  made  up  of  Pseudoscada  adasa, 
Pteronymia  sylvo,  and  Hymenitis  andromica  andania,  all  of  which  had  been 
seciu-ed  at  Castro  in  Parana  at  close  on  3000  feet  elevation.  He  remarked  that 
these  grovips  of  black  and  transparent  Ithomiine  species  were  always  found  in 
rather  dark  forest  countr_v,  and  it  was  possible  tliat  they  were  simply  cases  of 
syncryptic  resemblance,  rather  than  mimetic  examples  of  a  Miillerian  Associa- 
tion, for  these  species  were  invisible  at  a  very  sliort  distance,  and  they  were  all 
equally  adapted  to  that  end.  A  third  small  group  that  was  exhibited  consisted 
of  a  Danaine,  Ituna  ilione,  and  two  Ithomiines,  Thyridia  (Methona)  themisto  and 
Dircenna  dero.  All  these  were  also  from  Castro.  Professor  E.  B.  Poulton  was 
of  opinion  that  the  forest  species  as  well  as  the  others  were  connected  as 
members  of  a  mimetic  group.  Dr.  Longstaff,  speaking  from  personal  experience, 
empliasised  the  invisibility  of  these  Ithomiines  on  the  wing,  at  a  very  short 
distance,  in  their  native  haunts.  Mr.  Hamilton  H.  Druce,  3  and  ? 
of  the  new  Mimacraea  eltringhami,  captured  by  Mr.  S.  A.  Neave  in  the  Bugoma 
Forest,  Unyoro,  Uganda ;  also  another  new  Mimacraea  which  he  proposed  to 
name  costleyi,  after  its  discoverer  Mr.  Costley-White,  from  Mlanje,  Nyasaland. 
Mr.  S.  A.  Neave  described  the  capture  of  these  specimens.  This  species  in 
common  with  several  others  flies  very  high,  and  he  said  that  it  was  often 
necessary  to  employ  small  native  boys  perched  at  the  top  of  the  trees  and  armed 
with  nets.  Mr.  A.  E.  Gibbs  exhibited  a  drawer  of  butterflies  recently  received 
from  Dr.  Davis,  of  Belize,  and  collected  in  British  Honduras  and  the  neighbour- 
ing Republic  of  Guatemala.  Mr.  G.  T.  Porritt,  specimens  of  Nemoura  duhitans, 
Morton,  taken  by  Colonel  Nurse  at  West  Stow,  Suffolk,  in  June  last,  and  for 
comparison  specimens  of  Nemoura  inconspicua,  Pict.,  from  Aviemore. 
Mr.  H.  M.  Edelsten,  stems  of  Carex  riparia  (received  from  the 
Hon.  N.  C.  Rothschild  from  Berlin)  to  illustrate  the  life  history  of  Nonagria 


222  [September, 

nexa,  Hb.  Mr.  C.  B.  Williams,  a  specimen  of  the  male  Megalothrii^s  nohilis, 
Bagnall,  from  Wicken  Fen,  taken  April  11th,  1912.  This  is  the  largest 
Eiiropean  species  and,  since  first  taken  by  Dr.  Sharp  in  1894,  has  not  been 
recorded.  Mr.  S.  A.  Neave,  some  of  the  Tabanidae  collected  during  his  recent 
tour  in  East  Africa.  He  called  attention  to  the  male  individuals  exhibited, 
and  expressed  the  opinion  that  their  rarity  in  collections  was  perhaps  due  to 
the  fact  that  they  were  short-lived.  Mr.  G.  A.  K.  Marshall  observed  that 
probably  many  of  the  Fellows  present  would  hardly  realise  the  importance  of 
Mr.  Neave's  exhibit.  Even  amongst  the  English  Tabanidse  by  no  means  all  the 
males  were  known,  and  this  sex  was  hitherto  unknown  in  the  large  majority  of  the 
species  then  exhibited.  Mr.  E.  M.  Prideaiix  brought  for  exhibition  seventeen 
ova  of  G.  rhamni  found  in  a  ckister  at  Brasted  Chart,  on  April  28th,  on  a  shoot  of 
Rhamnusfrangula.  Professor  Poulton  said  that  he  had  long  beenstrnck,  especially 
in  tlie  collections  of  butterflies  received  from  Uganda  and  British  East  Africa, 
with  the  immense  development  of  mimicry  in  Lepidoptera  from  the  forest  as 
compared  with  the  open  country.  He  read  notes  bearing  on  the  subject  from 
Messrs.  C.  A.  Wiggins,  F.  J.  Jackson,  and  C.  F.  M.  Swynnei-ton.  He  also  readnotes 
on  a  few  observations  which  supported  the  conclusion  that  birds  possessed  the 
extraordinarily  acute  and  far-reaching  vision  reqiiired  by  the  Batesian  and 
Mtillerian  theories  of  Mimicry.  He  fru'ther  called  attention  to  a  statement 
received  in  a  letter  from  Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn,  dated  March  22nd,  1912: — 
"  Neptidopsis  would  I  am  sure  outnumber  all  the  species  of  Neptis  put  together 
at  any  season."  Mr.  S.  A.  Neave  said  with  reference  to  the  prevalence  of 
insectivorous  birds  in  Uganda,  that  he  had  recently  had  an  interesting  experi- 
ence near  Entebbe.  On  January  12th,  1912,  at  Gabunga's,  near  Entebbe,  he 
had  watched  a  wagtail,  most  probably  Motacilla  capensis,  catching  butterflies  on 
a  small  patch  of  damp  sand  in  the  bed  of  a  forest  stream.  In  less  than  half-an- 
hour  this  bird  captiired  and  ate  ]  9  butterflies  and  failed  to  catch  many  others. 
The  butterflies  eaten  were  nearly  all  small  Lycsenidx. 

The  following  paper  was  read : — "  On  the  colour  groups  of  the  Hawaiian 
Wasps,"  by  Dr.  E.  C.  L.  Perkins,  M.A.,  D.Sc,  F.Z.S.,  F.E.S.  In  illustration  of 
the  paper.  Prof.  Poulton  exhibited  the  specimens  referred  to  by  Dr.  Perkins. 
The  Colour-groups  were  arranged  in  the  order  of  the  islands,  from  Kauai  in  the 
N.W.  to  Hawaii  in  the  S.E. 

Wednesday,  June  5th,  1912. — The  Rev.  F.  D.  Moricb,  M.A.,  President, 
in  the  Chair. 

Mr.  Henry  Francis  Carter,  Liverpool  School  of  Tropical  Medicine,  University 
of  Liverpool,  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Society. 

The  President  announced  that  it  was  requested  that  for  the  fviture  the 
names  of  intending  exhibitors  should  be  handed  in  at  the  beginning  of  the 
meeting,  in  order  that  they  might  be  called  upon  from  the  Chair. 

The  Eev.  G.  Wheeler  read  the  Eeport  of  the  Committee  on  Nomenclature .- — 

"  The  present  independent  and  irresponsible  methods  of  giving  and  adopting 
names  having  resulted  in  much  unnecessary  synonymy,  and  even  graver  abuses. 


1912.]  223 

the  Entomological  Society  of  London  feels  that  the  tinae  has  arrived  when  some 
check  should  be  placed  upon  the  practice,  of  more  weight  than  that  which  can 
be  exercised  by  any  single  individual,  society,  or  publication,  and  would  urge 
upon  the  International  Congress  the  estal^lishment  of  a  permanent  International 
Committee  to  deal  with  questions  of  nomenclature  as  affecting  Entomology ; 
to  consider  what  ekicidations,  extensions  or  emendations,  if  any,  are  required  in 
the  Intex-national  Code ;  and  to  confer  with  the  International  Commission  of 
Zoological  Nomenclature.  The  Entomological  Society  of  London  recommends 
that  the  International  Entomological  Committee,  when  formed,  shall  take  such 
action  as  to  ensiue  the  adequate  representation  of  Entomology  on  the  Inter- 
national Zoological  Commission.  The  Society  also  recommends  that,  considering 
the  difficulty  of  frequent  International  meetings,  the  leading  Entomological 
Society  of  each  country  be  invited  to  appoint  a  Committee  whose  duty  it  shall 
be  to  deal  with  all  questions  arising  in  their  own  country,  subject  to  reference 
to  the  International  Committee  ;  and  suggests  that  the  International  Committee 
be  composed  of  two,  or  three,  members  of  each  of  the  National  Committees, 
elected  either  by  the  Committees,  or  directly  by  the  electing  Societies. 

(Signed)  Chas.  O.  Waterhouse,  Chairman,  Gr.  T.  Bethtme-Baker,  T.  A. 
Chapman,  Jno.  Hartley  Durrant,  Louis  B.  Prout,  Hy.  J.  Tiu-ner,  George 
Wheeler." 

The  Eeport  was  adopted. 

Mr.  J.  E.  Collin  exhibited  a  series  of  thirteen  specimens  of  Physocephala 
nigra,  De  G.,  the  largest  British  species  of  the  Conopidse,  caught  on  Studland 
Heath  (Dorsetshire),  during  the  last  week  in  May,  when  Colonel  Yerbury 
Mr.  C.  J.  Wainwright  and  himself  took  some  24  specimens.  He  remarked  that 
though  widely  distributed,  the  species  was  always  considered  a  great  rarity, 
and  its  occurrence  in  such  numbers  had  never  before  been  recorded.  Dr.  T.  A. 
Cliapman,  a  specimen  of  HydrcBcia  hurroivsi,  Chpmn.,  a  new  species  that  has 
turned  tip  (from  Vladivostok)  since  Mr.  Burrows's  paper  on  the  group  was 
written  ;  also  a  specimen  of  Lycsena  {Alhulina)  jjiheretes,  9 ,  bred  at  Reigate 
from  the  egg,  supposed  to  be  the  first  (and  only)  bred  example  of  the  species. 
Dr.  G.  B.  Longstaff  exhibited  two  uncommon  Sudanese  butterflies,  Calopieris 
eulimene  and  Tcracolus  pleione,andveiid  notes  on  them.  Colonel  Yerbury  observed 
that  the  yellow  ?  9  of  Teracolus  pleione  were  much  brighter  at  Aden 
than  those  now  exhibited.  Mr.  S.  A  Neave  exhibited  some  specimens 
of  the  Asilid  genus  Hyperechia,  representing  three,  perhaps  four,  species, 
all  taken  during  his  recent  tour  in  East  Africa.  He  also  showed  for  com- 
parison four  common  species  of  Xylocopa,  bees  to  which  the  flies  bore  a 
marked  superficial  resemblance  ;  also  a  remarkable  new  Nymphaline  butterfly, 
probably  belonging  to  the  genus  Pseudacrsea,  taken  on  Mt.  Mlanje,  Nyasaland. 
He  pointed  out  that  it  bore  a  marvellous  superficial  resemblance  to  Amauris 
lohengula  whytei,  Butler,  the  Danaine  which  occurred  in  the  same  place ;  also 
a  niunber  of  unnamed  Lycsenidm,  principally  from  Uganda.  Mr.  Main,  series 
of  P.  napi  and  var.  hryonix,  and  observed  that  pupae  from  ova  of  var.  bryonim, 
both  from  Lapland  and  Glarus,  had  produced  a  partial  second  brood.  Mr.  K.  G, 
Blair,  larvae  of  Cebrio   sp.  (?  gigas)  from  Sicily,  which  were  dug  up  in  a  patch 


224  I  September,  1912. 

of  potatoes  in  a  garden  at  Messina.  This  patch  alone,  out  of  many  others,  was 
unhealthy  and  appeared  diseased,  as  was  the  case  also  witli  some  tomato  plants 
which  occupied  the  same  ground  last  year ;  and  it  is  probable  that  these  larvae 
were  the  cause  of  the  "  disease."  In  continuation  of  the  breeding  experiments 
on  Hyjwlimnas  misippus,  Professor  Poulton  exhibited  the  females  of  two  families, 
reared  in  1911,  from  female  parents  of  the  type  form,  by  Rev.  K.  St.  Aubyn 
Rogers,  M.A.,  F.E.S.  These  experiments  confirmed  the  conclusions  drawn 
from  Rev.  K.  St.  Aubyn  Rogers'  earlier  work,  and  stated  in  the  Proceedings  of 
1911,  J),  xliv,  that  misippus  was  dominant  and  inaria  recessive  ;  also  the 
fragments  of  a  Glossina  identified  by  Mr.  E.  E.  Avisten  as  a  female  of 
G.  caliginea,  Aust.  ;  this  specimen  had  been  bitten  and  rejected  by  a  monkey ; 
also  several  families  of  butterflies,  bred  by  Dr.  W.  A.  Lamborn  in  the  Lagos 
District.  He  referred  to  the  strong  light  which  was  thrown  by  them  upon 
different  biological  problems;  also  a  specimen  of  the  Eupterotid,  or,  as  Auri- 
villius  considers,  the  Notodontid  moth,  Anaphe  infracta,  concerning  which 
Mr.  W.  A.  Lamborn  had  written  from  Oni  Camp,  April  22nd,  1912  :  "  The  moths 
undoubtedly  possess  urticating  hairs.  The  female  Mona  was  allowed  to  steal 
one.  She  smelt  it,  rubbed  off  the  hairs  and  scales,  then  dropped  it,  and  in 
a  few  minutes  was  rubbing  all  four  feet  on  the  ground.  I  made  some 
sympatliising  remarks,  with  the  result  that  she  suddenly  sprung  on  to  my  bare 
neck,  and  I  have  been  troubled  with  skin  irritation  all  the  evening.  I  found, 
too,  that  an  urticating  line  on  my  arm  followed  exactly  where  I  allowed  a  moth 
to  crawl  up  a  few  days  ago.  It  came  and  settled  there  when  I  was  reading." 
Professor  Poulton  said  that  Mr.  A.  H.  Hamm  had  found  hairs  from  the  anal 
tuft  of  the  exhibited  specimen  produced  irritation  on  his  hand  and  face. 
Mr.  Eltringham  had  found  that  the  hairs  of  the  female,  but  not  of  the  male 
tuft,  were  covered  with  minute,  excessively  fine  spicula-like  teeth.  Professor 
Poulton  also  exhibited  the  imagines  and  cocoons  of  0.  varia  sent  to  him  by 
Dr.  G.  D.  H.  Carpenter  from  Damba  Island,  20  miles  south-east  of  Entebbe. 
The  larval  skin  was  still  projecting  from  some  of  the  cocoons  and  showing  its 
blue  spots.  Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman  remarked  that  the  hairs  covering  the  eggs  of 
Porthetria  dispar  are  also  urticating.  He  also  observed  that  there  are  other 
species  of  moths  which  extrude  the  larval  skin,  but  in  these  cases  it  was  from 
flimsy  cocoons.  Mr.  J.  H.  Uurrant  also  gave  instances  of  this  fact.  Prof.  Poulton 
also  exhibited  the  larva3,  pupa3,  and  imagines  of  "  Callioratis  "  pactolicus,  sent  by 
Dr.  Gr.  D.  H.  Carpenter,  to  illustrate  the  warning  colovxrs  of  the  moth  in  all 
its  stages.  He  said  that  Dr.  G.  D.  H.  Carpenter  had  left  Damba  in  December, 
1911,  and  had  gone  in  January  to  Bugalla  Island  in  the  Sesse  Archipelago. 
On  January  28th  he  had  found  there  representatives  of  all  the  Planema- 
Pseudacrxa  associations ;  the  disproportion  between  Planema  and  Pseudacnea 
is  even  greater  there.  Sesse  thus  confirms  the  Damba  records,  the  results 
being  still  more  striking.  The  following  papers  were  read :  "  Studies  in  the 
Blattidse,"  by  R.  Shelford,  M.A.,  F.E.S. ;  "  Polyommatus  alexins,  Freyer,  a  good 
Species,"  by  T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D.,  F.Z.S.,  F.E.S. — George  Wheeler,  H071.  Sec. 


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CONTENTS.  P.GFT 

Notes  on  the  British  species  of  Longitarsus,  Latr.  (a  genus  of  Coleoptera)  {con- 
tinued).—J.  E.  le  B.  Tomlin,  M.A.,  F.E.S.,  and  W.  E.  Sharp,  F.E.S.    ...  201 

The  Second  International  Congress  of  Entomology  204 

Notes  on  the  British  species  of  Ophonus — No.   2  :  O.  i-upicola  and  allies. — 

2).  Sharp,  M.A.,F.R.S 207 

A  Table  of  the  British  species  of  Laccobius,  Er. — James  Edtoards,  F.E.S 210 

Orthochsetes   insignis,   Aube:    a  beetle  new  to   Britain.  —  Norman   H.   Joy, 

M.R.C.S.,  F.E.S 211 

Recapture  of  Bembidium  virens,  G-yll.,  at  Loch  Maree,  Ross-shire. — Prof.   T. 

Sudson  Bears,  B. So.,  F.R.S.E.,  F.E.S 212 

Yelleius   dilatatus,  F.,  &c.,  in  the  New  Forest. — James  J.   Walker,  M.A., 

R.N.,  F.L.S 213 

Nanophyes  gracilis,  Redt,  on  Peplis  portula  in  the  New  Forest. — Id 213 

Ix^  Request  for  larvae  of  Phytonomus. — A.  H.  Swinton...  214 

"  A  rare  butterfly's  journey."^£'rfs 214 

Melanism  in  Abraxas  grossulariata. —  Geo.  T.  Po-rritt,  F.L.S 214 

Abraxas  grossulariata  var.  nigra. — Id 215 

Syrphus  torvus,  O.-S.,  and  S.  luniger,  Meig.,  bred.— G'.  C.   Champion,  F.Z.S.  215 

How  to  use  Schroeder's  Prism   eye-piece  camera  lucida — Rev   A.  E.   Eaton, 

M.A.,F.E.S 216 

Obituaries. — Ludwig  G-anglbauer  (with  Portrait) 217 

Robert  Walter  Campbell  Shelford 218 

Rev.  Thomas  Blackburn,  B  A 219 

George  Masters 219 

SociETiKS. — South  London  Entomological  Society 220 

Kntomological  Society  of  London  221 

Ti>NT0M0L0Gl8CHE  MITTEILUNGEN,  Published  by  the 
-^  Verein  zur  Forderung  des  Deutsohen  Entomologischen  Museum.  Monthly 
Entomological  paper  ;  official  edition  of  the  Deutsches  Entomologisches  Museum, 
whose  large  Library  is  at  the  disposal  of  all  Subscribers  at  most  liberal  terms. 
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(m.  7)  a  year  ;  3s  6d.  (m.  350)  half  a  year. 

Address  :  Deutsches  Entomologisches  Museum,  Berlin- Pahlem,  Gosslesstr,  20. 

DK.  STAUJ3INGER  &  BANG-HAAS,  BLASEWITZ-DKESDEN, 
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of  well-named  LEPIDOPTEHA,  set  or  in  papers,  from  all  parts  of  the  world, 
in  finest  condition  ;  1600  kinds  of  PREPARED  LARV^  ;  numerous  LIVING 
PUP^  &c.  Separate  Price  Lists  for  COLEOPTERA  (29,000  species)  ;  HY- 
MENOPTERA  (3600  species),  DIPTERA  (2900).  HEMIPTERA  (2500),  ORTHO- 
PTERA    (1200),  NEUROPTEUA   (630),  BIOLOGICAL  OBJECTS  (300). 

PRICES    LOW.  DISCOUNT    FOK    CASH    OKDEKS. 


SECOND-HAND    CABINETS  AND   STORE  BOXES. 

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100  store  boxes,  glazed  cases,  &c.,  about  half  original  cost.  These  are  in  good  con- 
dition and  re-papered  ready  for  use.  Particulars  from  A.  Foed,  36,  Irving  Road, 
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October,  1913.]  225 

ON   SOME   AEBITEARILY   FORMED    SCIENTIFIC   NAMES. 
BY    ATJGtrST    BUSCK. 

Due  to  my  absence  on  a  five  months'  collecting  trip  in  Panama,  I 
have  but  recently  had  opportunity  to  read  Mr.  Meyrick's  interesting 
article  "  On  Some  Impossible  Specific  Names  in  Micro-Lepidoptera  " 
[Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  XLVIII  (XXIII),  pp.  32-36,  Feb.,  1912],  and  the 
subsequent  discussion  (in  this  Magazine  and  "  The  Entomologist's 
Record  "  for  March,  April,  and  May)  by  Lord  Walsingham,  the  Rev. 
G.  Wheeler,  and  Dr.  Chapman  on  "  impossible  "  or  "  nonsense"  names. 

Otherwise,  as  one  of  the  accused,  I  should  have  asked  space 
before  this  to  plead  guilty,  withoiit  apologies  for  my  acts,  though  with 
sincere  regret  for  their  effect,  if  they,  as  Mr.  Meyrick  suggests,  have 
been  the  original  source  of  contagion  in  the  deplorable  Kearfott 
eruption.  However,  I  cannot  hold  myself  in  any  way  responsible  for 
this  epidemic  and  certainly  can  find  no  excuse  for  it,  but  I  am  ready 
to  defend  such  occasional  arbitrary  names  as  I,  myself,  along  with 
many  others,  have  been  guilty  of. 

For  let  it  be  understood  at  once,  that  while  I  am  sincerely  appre- 
ciative of  Lord  Walsingham' s  and  Mr.  Wheeler's  kind  efforts  to  save 
me  from  the  stigma  of  introducing  "  impossible  "  names,  and  while 
two  of  the  three  examples  of  my  names,  which  Mr.  Meyrick  has 
chosen  to  correct,  are  rather  unfortunate  for  his  argument,  not  falling 
under  his  arraignment  at  all,  I  have  no  intention  to  seek  refuge 
behind  artificially  constructed  derivations,  but  confess  openly  and 
unblushingly,  that  on  several  occasions  I  have  made  use  of  an  arbi- 
trarily formed  name  for  a  new  species  of  Microlepidoptera. 

It  is  not  the  object  of  this  note  to  advocate  or  to  defend  arbitrary 
names,  but  to  point  out  the  futility  of  endeavouring  to  correct  one 
evil  by  adding  another,  as,  in  my  judgment,  Mr.  Meyrick  has  attempted ; 
but  after  the  several  sweeping  condemnations  of  such  names  a  word 
from  another  view-point  may  be  apropos. 

First,  it  would  be  well  to  recall,  that  these  so-called  "  nonsense  " 
or  "  impossible  "  names  did  not  originate  recently  in  America,  but  long 
ago  in  England,  and  that  hundreds  of  such  names  are  now  in  common 
use,  which  logically  should  all  have  to  be  changed  if  Mr.  Meyrick's 
view  were  adopted.  It  is  gratifying  to  see  Dr.  Chapman's  sound 
arguments  in  opposition  to  this  radical  proposition,  which  would 
entail  endless  labor  and  result  in  perpetual  unrest  in  nomenclature, 
just  as  certainly  as  different  opinions  about  the  corrections  should 
ever  exist. 


226  rOctober, 

What  is  the  purpose  of  a  scientific  name?  It  is  to  he  a  con- 
venient, distinctive  handle  to  facilitate  our  studies  of  species.  We 
have  agreed  that  these  names  shall  be  Latin  in  form,  and  even  in  this 
we  must  be  charitable  and  give  them  the  benefit  of  any  doiibt. 
Beyond  this,  no  other  requirements  can  he  insisted  upon.  It  is 
desirable  that  they  should  be  short  and  euphonic  ;  we  may  advocate 
that  they  shovdd  in  some  way  describe  the  species  they  apply  to  ;  it  is 
to  be  recommended  that  they  be  actual  and  correct  Latin  or  Greelc 
derivations,  but  we  cannot  insist  upon  any  or  all  of  these  things  to  the 
extent  of  barring  all  names  not  conforming,  or  we  should  have  to 
change  about  one  half  of  the  existing  names  for  one  reason  or  another. 

Let  us  realize,  that  natural  science  would  exist  even  were  there 
no  Latin. 

The  main  thing  is,  that  a  generic  or  specific  name  be  pronounce- 
able and  a  handy  tool  to  work  with,  and  in  these  respects  some  of  the 
so-called  "nonsense"  names  meet  the  requirements  quite  as  fully  as 
some  of  the  scholarly  composed  names,  the  derivation  and  meaning  of 
which  is  rarely  recalled  during  actual  use  ;  even  if  it  were,  it  would 
seldom  be  of  any  help  whatever  to  the  memory,  because  very  many  of 
these  linguistically  correct  names  are  quite  as  truly  "  nonsense  "  names, 
having  no  real  relation  to  the  species. 

A  striking  examj^le  of  this  is  the  very  list  which  Mr.  Meyrick 
proposes  to  substitute  for  Mr.  Kearfott's  names.  How  can  he  with 
any  "  sense  "  give  descriptive  names  to  species  he  has  never  seen  ? 
What  sense  is  there,  for  instance,  in  naming  such  a  species  "  amanda," 
when  it  may,  for  all  he  knows,  prove  to  be  an  unattractive  pest  more 
apt  to  be  hated  ?  Kearfott's  "  mandana,'"  which  it  is  proposed  that 
"  amanda  "  should  substitute,  is  unmeaning,  but  no  more  so  than  the 
substitute  as  descriptive  of  the  S2)ecies. 

But  neither  is  "  impossible,"  as  the  facts  have  proven  ;  and  both 
attain  a  real  meaning  in  Entomology  by  being  applied,  to  a  sj^ecies,  and 
henceforth  signify  a  certain  species  of  Lepndoptera,  no  more,  no  less. 

Mr.  Meyrick's  only  expressed  objection  to  arbitrary  names  is : 
*'  that  if  a  name  is  without  meaning  and  only  consists  of  a  chance 
arrangement  of  letters,  memory,  deprived  of  the  clue  afforded  by  sense, 
is  unable  to  recall  the  name  with  accuracy  " — but  I  am  not  sure  he  is 
correct  in  this,  and  that  a  short,  euphonic  word,  though  avowedly 
without  meaning,  is  not  as  easily  remembered  as  a  long,  difficult, 
semlpronounceable  name,  properly  constructed,  but  of  no  apparent 
meaning  in  relation  to  the  object  it  signifies,  or  even,  as  is  often  the 
case,  actually  giving  a  false  clue. 


I912.-J  227 

For  example,  is  not  Walker's  generic  name  Datana  as  easily 
recalled  to  memory  as  Phthorhnaea  Meyrick,  Aproaerema  Durrant, 
Mnesiclmra  Wlsm.,  or  Gnorimoschema  Busck,  all  very  finely  con- 
structed names,  each  with  its  more  or  less  far-fetched  significance,  the 
derivation  of  which,  however,  is  not  normally  recalled,  while  we 
struggle  with  their  spelling  and  pronunciation  ?  Even  worse  than 
these  are  the  various  actual  misnomers.  Will  Mr.  Meyrick  maintain 
that  it  is  a  help  to  his  memory  to  have  a  species  called  crataegana 
Hiibner,  when  it  feeds  on  sycamore  and  willow  but  not  on  Crataegus  ? 
Or  another,  crataegella  Hiibner,  when  it  feeds  on  mosses?  Or  still 
another,  americana  Linn.,  the  home  of  which  is  the  Mediterranean 
region,  and  which  is  not  found  in  America  ?  Or  does  he  propose  to 
substitute  "  possible  "  names  for  these  also  ? 

No,  the  real  objection  to  Mr.  Kearfott's  names  is  not  their 
"  unmeaning  gibberish,"  to  use  Mr.  Meyrick's  expression,  but  their 
inane  sameness,  their  stupid  lack  of  distinctiveness  ;  any  one  of  them 
would  have  been  acceptable,  even  if  not  commendable,  but  the  deluge 
of  them  is  beyond  excuse,  and  if  Mr.  Meyrick  had  contented  himself 
with  his  severe  arraignment  of  the  nuisance  produced  by  Mr.  Kearfott, 
the  writer  would  heartily  join  his  English  friends  and  peers. 

But  it  would  appear,  that  with  all  the  excuse  which  unusual 
provocation  afi^ords  and  with  the  best  of  intentions,  Mr.  Meyrick  has 
gone  one  deplorable  step  too  far  and  made  a  bad  mess  worse,  in 
proposing  new  names  for  Mr.  Kearfott's  species. 

Even  supposing  that  we  could  adopt  his  new  names,  it  would 
merely  mean  additional  work  ;  we  should  have  to  look  up  this  new 
reference  and  find  out  which  of  Mr.  Meyrick's  names  applied  to  a 
certain  one  of  Kearfott's,  and  then  after  all  have  to  go  back  and  refer 
to  Kearfott's  name  in  order  to  find  the  description  of  the  species. 

However,  I  doubt  that  any  systematist  seriously  intends  to  break 
the  one  saving  riile  of  priority  in  order  to  adopt  Mr.  Meyrick's 
classical,  but  under  the  circumstances,  equally  "  impossible  "  names ; 
these  will  thus  merely  augment  the  synonomy,  and  while  a  good 
synonym,  referring  to  a  separate  description,  is  rather  a  help  than 
otherwise,  a  mere  synonym,  without  any  description,  which  adds 
nothing  whatever  to  our  knowledge,  such  as  those  in  Mr.  Meyrick's 
list  of  names,  is  a  burden  adding  to  the  labor  of  future  workers. 
This  is  all  the  more  true,  because  some  of  Mr.  Kearfott's  species 
already  are  synonyms  of  earlier  described  species,  while  others  have 
been  redescribed  and  thus  already  possess  synonyms. 

Washington,  D.  C. : 

July  25th,  1912. 

9  2 


228  [October, 

A   NEW   SPECIES   OF   P8EUDACBMA  FROM   NYASALAND. 

BY   S.   A.    NEAVE,   M.A.,   B.Sc,  F.E.S. 

The  following  striliiug  new  Nymplialine  butterfly  occurs  among  my 
collection  of  Lepidoptera  made  during  a  recent  tour  in  Nyasaland: — 


Pseudacrasa  deludens,  sp.  nov. 

Primaries. —  Upper  side  dusky  with  the  following  white  spots :  one  beneath 
the  costa  near  the  distal  end  of  the  cell ;  one  immediately  beyond  the  cell  end 
in  area  4 ;  a  row  of  3  spots  forming  part  of  a  broken  siibapical  bar  midway 
between  end  of  cell  and  apex ;  of  these  the  second  from  the  costa  is  more 
distally  placed  than  the  others,  the  third  being  the  largest.  A  small  discal 
spot  occurs  in  area  3,  and  immediately  below  it  in  area  2  is  a  large  spot,  the 
largest  in  the  wing.  A  svibmarginal  row  of  8  small  spots  from  apex  to  hind 
margin,  that  in  area  4  being  somewhat  fiirther  from  the  margin  than  the 
remainder. 

Secondaries. — Ujyperside  :  a  small  dusky  triangular  area  at  the  base ;  a  broad 
marginal  band  of  the  same  dusky  colour ;  the  intervening  discal  area  pale 
ochreous,  extending  from  the  inner  margin  to  the  costa,  but  not  to  the  actual 
costal  margin  which  is  dusky.  A  marginal  row  of  white  spots,  one  at  least  in 
each  area  (two  above  costa)  becoming  smaller  toward  the  anal  angle. 

Underside  as  above,  with  a  few  additional  spots.  In  the  Primaries,  a  small 
spot  in  area  lb  immediately  below  the  large  spot  in  area  2.  In  the  Secondaries 
some  small  additional  internervular,  submarginal,  somewhat  evanescent  spots. 
Also  in  each  wing  a  small  white  spot  at  the  base  above  tlie  costa  (in  the 
Secondaries  before  the  precostal).     I'alpi  black,  with  an  external  lateral  white 


1912.]  229 

stripe.  Thorax  black  with,  especially  laterally,  a  few  tufts  of  whitish  hairs. 
Abdome7i  dusky.  Fringe  black  in  both  wings,  with  small  internervular  white 
spots. 

The  Type  and  only  specimeu,  a  (J ,  was  taken  at  Mlanje  Boma, 
Nyasalaiid,  alt.  2,400  ft.,  on  May  4tli,  1910.  It  is  a  somewhat  worn 
example,  and  it  is  likely  that  the  ochreous  area  of  the  secondaries 
would  be  of  a  brighter  colour  in  a  freshly  emerged  individual.  The 
above  remarkable  species  will  be  seen  to  bear  an  astonishing  general 
resemblance  to  various  members  of  the  Danaine  genus  Amauris,  more 
particularly  that  which  occurs  in  the  same  locality,  viz.: — Ammiris 
lobengula  whytei*  Butler,  a  not  uncommon  insect  on  Mount  Mlanje. 
Pseudacrsea  deludens  has  at  first  sight  more  the  appearance  of  a 
species  of  Euralia,  but  it  is  readily  separable  from  insects  of  that 
genus  by  its  neuration.  P.  deludens  differs,  however,  from  any 
described  species  of  P^eudacrasa  in  the  absence  of  dark  spots  at  the 
base  of  the  hind- wing  beneath. 
London :  September  Aith,  1912. 


NOTES   ON   THE   BEITISH   SPECIES   OF    OPHONUS. 

BY    D.    SHARP,    M.A.,    F.R.S. 

{Concluded  from  p.  210.) 

No.  3. — O.  PUNCTicoLLis  and  allies. 

In  our  British  list  there  are  two  species  recognised  of  this  group, 
viz.,  0.  puncticoUis,  Payk.,  and  0.  parallelus,  Dej.  Thomson  in  1870 
considered  that  puncticoUis  really  consisted  of  two  species,  and  he 
described  one  of  them  as  new  under  the  name  of  0.  rectangidns.  We 
have  in  this  country,  I  believe,  the  two  species  distinguished  by 
Thomson.  I  will  take  into  consideration  first  the  one  which  I  believe 
to  be  his  new  species. 

7. — 0.  rectangidus,  Thorns.  Next  to  0.  brevicoUis  this  appears  to 
be  the  least  rare  of  the  species  of  Ophonus,  while  at  the  same  time  it 
is  the  most  variable.  The  thorax  is  a  good  deal  narrower  than  the 
elytra,  and  slightly  but  c[uite  definitely  sinuate  at  the  sides,  the  hind 
angles  being  nearly  rectangular,  slightly  obtuse,  however.  The 
punctuation  of  the  thorax  is  rather  close,  Ijut  a  good  deal  more  sparing 
on  the  disc,  and  the  punctures  are  not  very  large,  so  that  in  contrast 
with  most  of  the  other  species  of  the  genus  it  might  be  described  as 
finely  punctured.     The  punctuation  of  the  elytral  interstices  is  always 

'  Aiiuniris  trhi/tu,  Butler,  P.Z.S.,  1S93,  p.  044. 


230  [October, 

close  aucl  moderately  fiue,  aud  the  serial,  or  accessory,  punctures  on 
the  3rd  and  5th  interstices  are  usually  conspicuous  and  numerous.  The 
length  varies  between  7  and  9  mm.  The  ajdeagus  is  remarkable  by 
the  slenderness  of  its  apical  portion,  which  ends  as  a  very  definite 
raised  ridge. 

The  colour  varies  from  piceous-black  to  a  dark  rusty-brown,  but 
there  is  never  the  strong  contrast,  seen  in  some  other  species,  of  bright 
red  head  and  thorax  and  black  elytra.  The  thorax  varies  a  good  deal 
in  length,  in  the  sin  nation  of  the  sides  and  the  definiteuess  of  the  hind 
angles,  and  still  more  in  the  margination  of  the  base ;  sometimes 
there  is  a  distinct  fine  margin  along  all  the  base,  and  sometimes  a 
margin  can  be  detected  only  near  the  hind  angles. 

This  insect  seems  to  be  widely  distributed  in  the  southern  half  of 
England ;  I  have  seen  it  from  many  localities,  from  the  Isle  of  Wight 
to  Mildenhall. 

The  species  is  not  usually  recognised  in  books  and  catalogues, 
and  it  must  be  admitted  that  Thomson  was  a  little  uncertain,  even 
contradictory,  in  his  statements,  but  I  think  there  can  be  little  doubt 
that  I  am  rightly  interpreting  him.  He  calls  the  species  "  rectanrjidus,'' 
but  he  says  in  his  description  "  angulis  posticis  fere  obtusis." 

8. — 0.  p%7icticollis,  Payk.  This  appears  to  be  a  very  rare  species, 
as  nearly  all  the  specimens  named  i)uncticollis  in  our  collections  are 
really  rectangulus,  Th. 

0.  puncticoUis  is  undoubtedly  very  similar  to  rectangtilus,  but  it 
is  easy  to  recognise  by  the  prothorax,  which  is  broader  iu  front  so 
that  it  is  very  nearly  as  broad  as  the  elytra,  strongly  sinuated  at  the 
sides,  and  with  the  definite  hind  angles  almost  absolutely  rectangular ; 
the  punctures  on  it  are  coarser  and  less  numerous,  and  the  surface  is 
more  highly  polished,  so  that  Thomson's  expression  "  disco  fere 
subcyaneo-micante  "  is  really  apposite.  The  sedeagus  is  very  like  that 
of  0.  rectangulus  but  it  is  a  little  thicker,  the  apical  portion  being 
definitely  less  slender ;  I  attach  some  importance  to  this  slight  differ- 
ence as  I  have  examined  this  organ  in  several  of  the  variations  of 
0.  rectangulus. 

Altogether  I  have  seen  less  than  a  dozen  specimens  of  0.  puncti- 
collis,  so  that  I  can  say  but  little  as  to  its  variation;  but  the  basal 
margin  of  the  thorax  is  sometimes  very  definite,  and  in  other  cases  is 
more  indistinct. 

The  localities  are  Caterham,  Guildford,  Down  (no  doubt  the 
Kentish  Down),  and  Cholsey,  Berks  (Commander  Walker).     There 


1912.]  231 

are  four  speciineus  in  the  Champion  collection  and  four  in  my  own. 
The  specimen  from  Down  in  the  Cambridge  University  Collection  was 
one  of  Wollaston's  and  is  a  very  fine  example;  Mr.  W.  E.  Sharp  has 
a  very  nice  example  taken  at  Coulsdou,  near  Caterham,  and  Com- 
mander Walker's  specimen  is  also  a  very  fine  one. 

9. — 0.  paraUeltis,  Dej.  The  species  known  by  this  name  in  our 
British  collections  is  closely  allied  to  0.  rectangulus,  but  is  a  little 
smaller — 5-7  mm.  long — and  has  a  shorter  thorax  ;  the  aedeagus  has 
the  apical  portion  considerably  broader  and  shorter.  Although  it  is 
very  difficult  to  distinguish  a  large  female  parallelus  from  certain 
small  females  of  rectangulus,  yet  I  believe  the  two  wdll  prove  to  be 
distinct.  The  basal  margin  of  the  thorax  is  generally  fairly  distinct, 
sufficiently  so  to  prevent  large  ■parallelus  from  being  mistaken  for 
species  of  other  groups,  such  as  hrevicollis,  championi,  or  rupicoloides. 

This  is  apparently  a  rare  insect,  though  there  are  good  series  of 
it  in  the  collections  of  Mr.  Champion  and  Commander  Walker. 
Localities  for  it  are  Deal,  Chatham,  Sheppey,  Eastbourne,  Southsea, 
Sandown  and  Caterham.  The  name  of  the  species  is  very  doubtful. 
Dejean  described  0.  parallehcs  from  Spain,  and  the  applicability  of  his 
description  to  the  species  under  consideration  is  far  from  complete. 
Schaum,  however,  Ins.  Deutschl.  i  p.  580,  identified  Dejean's  descrip- 
tion with  specimens  from  Austria  and  Switzerland,  and  in  recent 
times  the  species  has  been  treated  as  a  variety  of  our  rectangulus. 
When  it  was  first  discovered  in  Britain  {cf.  Proc.  Ent.  Soc,  London, 
Feb.  1862)  no  remark  svas  made  as  to  the  grounds  on  which  the 
sjiecimens  w^ere  identified  with  Dejean's  species. 

I  have  reviewed  the  more  critical  of  the  British  representatives 
of  this  difficult  genus,  and  a  few  lines  is  all  that  need  be  devoted  to 
the  other  five  species. 

10. — 0.  aznreuH,'P?ihv.  This  is  very  variable.  It  is  usually  brilliantly 
metallic  on  the  upper  surface,  Vjut  sometimes  is  nearly  or  quite  black  ; 
and  those  non- metallic  varieties  are  often  confounded  with  some  of 
the  forms  I  have  already  discussed.  0.  azureus,  how^ever,  is  quite 
flightless,  having  the  wings  very  much  reduced,  while  in  all  the  other 
species  they  are  ample.  The  sides  of  the  thorax  are  rounded,  without 
sinuation,  and  the  hind  angles  are  quite  obtuse.  The  aedeagus  is  but 
little  dissimilar  from  that  of  0.  rupicoloides.  The  vestigial  wings  vary 
considerably  in  size.  The  obscurely  coloured  varieties  are  generally 
designated  as  var.  dmilis,  and  may  pass  as  such  until  a  more  adequate 
study  of  the  variation  shall  be  made. 


232  [October, 

11. — 0.  pnndatuJus,  Sturm.  As  this  insect  is  slightly  largei" 
than  the  largest  0.  rvfibarbis,  and  is  metallic  in  colour  on  the  upper 
surface,  it  cannot  readily  be  confounded  with  any  of  the  species  I 
have  discussed,  while  from  the  following  forms  it  is  readily  dis- 
tinguished by  the  rectangular  hind  angles  of  the  thorax.  The 
oedeagus  is  most  like  that  of  0.  pnncticoUis,  which  species  is,  on  the 
whole,  the  one  to  which  punctatulus  conies  nearest. 

The  three  larger  species,  0.  sahtdicola,  Panz.,  0.  nhscurns,  Fabr., 

and  0.  rotundicollis,  Fairm.,  are  well  enough  known,  so  that  I  need 

only  remai'k  that  the  aedeagus  is  very  similar  in  all  of  them,  and 

differs  but  little  from  what  we  find  in  0.  rufibarbis  and  0.  brevicoUis. 

Brockenhurst : 

18th  August,  1912. 


HELP-NOTES   TOWAEDS   THE   DETERMINATION   OF   BEITISH 

TENTHREDINIBM,   &c.     (30.) 

BY    THE    REV.    F.    D.    MORICE,    M.A.,    P.E.S. 

TENTHREDOPSIS,   Costa.     (In  Part). 

Any  difficulties  with  which  I  have  had  to  contend  in  previous 
papers  of  this  series  appear  mere  trifles  in  comparison  with  those 
which  now  confront  me.  It  may  seem  strange  that  a  genus  like 
Tenthredopsis  consisting  of  fairly  large  insects,  many  of  them  by  no 
means  rare,  and  almost  always  strikingly  and  to  all  appearance 
veiy  "  characteristically "  coloiired,  should  not  long  ago  have  been 
broken  up  by  systematists  into  well-defined  groups  and  '  species,' 
having  each  at  least  some  one  positive  and  constant  '  differentia '  of 
its  own  by  which  it  might  be  identified  with  certainty.  But  as  a 
matter  of  fact,  the  more  the  genus  is  studied,  the  more  doubtful  does 
it  appear  whether  any  (except  a  very  few)  of  the  characters  on  which 
species  have  been  founded  in  it  are  more  than  individual  peculiarities 
of  particular  specimens,  or  at  most  of  local  races.  And  I  fear  that 
this  is  true  not  only  of  those  old  descriptions  of  so-called  '  species,' 
which  make  no  pretence  to  be  based  on  any  differences  except  those  of 
colour,  but  of  others  whose  authors  have  thoroughly  realized  the 
extreme  variability  of  coloration  which  may  exist  within  the  limits  of 
a  single  species  in  this  genus,  and  have  taken  extraordinary  pains  to 
supplement  or  supplant  such  colour-characters  by  others  derived 
from  structure  —  slight  differences  in  the  length  and  thickness  of 
the  antennae,  or  the  calcaria,  the  greater  or  less  development  of  the 


1912.]  233 

tempora,  the  exact  shape  and  sculpture  of  the  vertical  area  aud 
scutellum,  the  exact  position  of  the  "  second  recurrent  nervure,"  and  so 
forth.  I  have  pondered  long  and  carefully  over  many  elaborate  diagnoses 
published  by  Konow  of  his  own  species  and  those  of  other  authors, 
and  cannot  help  seeing  tliat  they  are  often  quite  irreconcileable  with 
determinations  kindly  made  by  him  for  me  of  specimens  in  my  own 
collection.  Had  he  lived  longer,  a  meeting  which  we  had  planned 
(and  to  which  I  have  alluded  in  an  earlier  paper)  might  have  removed 
some  of  the  hesitation  which  I  now  feel  as  to  quoting  and  relying  upon 
these  determinations.  Moreover,  several  of  the  Tenthredopsis-iorma 
described  as  British  by  Mr.  Cameron  are,  I  believe,  unknown  to  me 
altogether;  others  of  them  again  I  seem  to  recognise  in  specimens 
which  I  possess  or  have  examined,  but  am  unable  to  form  any  opinion 
of  my  own  whether  or  no  they  deserve  to  be  recognised  as  '  species,' 
and  in  some  cases  he  appears  himself  (in  his  Vol.  iv)  to  modify  or 
abandon  his  earlier  opinions  about  them. 

On  the  whole,  I  believe  that  I  should  create  more  confusion  than 
I  should  remove  if  I  attempted  at  present  to  construct  such  Tables 
for  the  determination  of  British  Tenthredopsis  spp.,  as  I  have  di-awn 
up  for  our  other  genera.  Instead,  I  will  only  point  out  the  characters 
by  which,  in  certain  cases,  I  am  able  myself  to  arrive  at  a  confident 
opinion  as  to  the  identity  of  a  particular  specimen,  and  in  others  to 
form  some  sort  of  conjecture — often  a  very  dubious  one — on  the  same 
subject.     This  may,  perhaps,  be  most  conveniently  done  in  the  form  of 

NOTES   ON   PARTICULAR   SPECIES. 

1.  T.  litterata,  Geoffr.  sec.  Konow.  (  =  nassata,  Thorns.  =  thomsoni, 
Konow  olim.).  This  species  comprises  a  number  of  our  largest  forms,  differing 
very  widely  in  colour  as  far  as  the  ?  .i*  are  concerned,  but  hardly,  if  at  all  so, 
in  the  S  S .  One  form  of  the  ?  — not  a  very  common  one — has  more  or  less 
the  coloration  of  the  ^ ,  but  the  others  are  utterly  unlike  it,  and  are  only 
known  for  certain  to  belong  to  it  by  having  been  found  repeatedly  in  the  act  of 
pairing  with  it.  Formerly  they  were  treated  without  hesitation  as  distinct 
species ;  and  various  S  c?  more  or  less  agreeing  with  one  or  other  of  them  in 
colour  were,  on  that  ground  only  and  (as  we  now  know)  quite  incorrectly, 
assigned  to  it  by  variovxs  authors.  The  character  by  which,  whatever  their 
colour,  all  these  9  ?  may  be  recognized  is  the  form  of  the  "  hypopygium,"  i.e., 
the  curiously  modified  ventral  plate  which  immediately  precedes  the  base  of 
the  saw-sheath.  This  is  larger  than  in  other  species,  and  excised  very  deeply 
at  its  apex,  so  that  the  latter  becomes  shai-ply  '  bidentate.'  In  all  oiu-  other 
species,  the  apex  of  the  hypopygium  is  '  entire '  and  subtriangular. 

The  cj  of  litterata  has  a  pale  whitish-yellow  head  and  thorax,  more  or  less 
largely  marked  above  Avith  black,  its  abdomen  is  of  a  reddish  orange,  with  a 


234  [October, 

hardly  noticeable  very  narrow  and  interrupted  black  streak  at  the  base  of  each 
segment ;  the  antennae  and  legs  are  also  mostly  orange.  The  insect  is  common 
in  collections,  and  I  have  often  taken  it  myself,  sometimes  i.e.  with  one  or 
other  of  the  ?  forms ;  it  is  therefore  surprising  to  me  that  in  his  Vol.  iv 
Mr.  Cameron  says  that  he  has  never  been  able  to  recognise  it  among  his  own 
specimens.  The  colour  alone  will  generally  distinguish  it  from  anything  else, 
but  it  has  also  a  good  structural  character  (which  is  easily  found  if  looked  for 
properly)  in  the  form  of  the  savicer-likc  apical  ventral  segment.  If  the  insect 
is  held  belly  upwards,  and  the  apex  of  its  aljdomen  tiumed  to  face  the  lens,  a 
distinct  (almost  semi-circular)  incision  or  emargination  in  its  outline  can,  after 
a  little  practice,  be  recognised  without  diificnlty,  though  it  requires  some 
management  to  get  the  object  exactly  into  the  right  position.  I  have  before 
me  British  ?  specimens  i-epresenting  6  colour-varieties  of  the  species,  which 
may  be  tabulated  as  follows.  (The  varietal  names  are  those  adopted  in 
Konow's  Tableau  Analytique) . 

1.  Abdomen  black  at  base  and  apex,  red  in  the  middle.     Legs  red.... 

var.  typ.  thomsoni,  Knw. 

2.  Abdomen  black  at  base  only,  red  at  apex.     Legs  red... 

var.  cordata,,  Fourcr. 

<|    3.  Like  cordata,  but  legs  in  great  part  black var.  femoralis,  Cam. 

4.  Abdomen  entirely  black.     Legs  red    var.  microeephala,  Lep. 

5.  Like  mierocepliala,  but  hind  legs  black      var.  ealiginosa,  Cam. 

6.  Abdomen  orange  (much  as  in  the  ^ ,  but  with  larger  and  less  definite 
(^  and  regular  black  markings) var.  eoneolor,  Knw. 

Of  the  i  ,  as  has  been  said,  there  seem  to  be  no  coi-responding  colour- 
varieties.  But  should  such  occur,  the  emargination  of  the  last  ventral  plate 
would  no  doubt  be  found  to  distinguish  them. 

2.  T.  eoquehertii*  Klug.  Of  this  species  the  ^  may  be  known  at  once  by 
the  circumstance,  pointed  out  (n.b.)  in  the  aiithor's  original  description,  that  it 
alone  of  all  our  Tenthredopsis  ^  J  has  its  lower  wings  neurated  as  in  the  9 ,  i.e. 
without  what  I  have  called  elsewhere  (Ent.  Mo  Mag.,  1903,  p.  53.  Fig.  6), 
"  Continuous  external  neiu-ation."  Unfortunately  the  9  has  no  corresponding 
character,  as  indeed  of  course  it  could  not ! 

Coquebertii  $  varies  a  good  deal  in  the  colour  of  the  abdomen,  which  may 
be  practically  black  throughout,  or  more  or  less  distinctly  red-banded.  The 
head  and  thorax  are  black,  always  marked  to  some  extent,  but  often  rather 
scantily,  with  white  or  whitish-yellow  (clypeus,  scutelkim,  cenchri,  &c.).  The 
tegulaj,  I  believe,  are  black  always.  But  whatever  its  colour,  the  alar  neura- 
tion  will  distinguish  it  from  any  British  ^  of  the  genus  known  to  me. 

The  9  seems  pretty  constant  in  colour.  The  head  and  thorax  are  black 
with  more  or  less  of  whitish  markings  like  those  in  the  9  •  The  abdomen  is 
black  at  base  and  apex  with  a  broad  red  band,  occupying  usually  about  four  of 
the  intermediate  segments.  (This  band  is  occasionally,  but  not  often,  inter- 
rupted by  a  black  line  or  series  of  spots,  running   longitudinally  down  the 

*  Konow  wrote  the  name  coqueberli,  but  I  spell  it  a.s  Klug  did. 


1912.]  235 

middle  of  the  dorsvim.  More  iisiially  the  red  is  quite  unbroken  on  at  least 
three  segments).  Unfortunately  quite  a  number  of  other  species,  or  supposed 
species,  have  almost  exactly  the  same  arrangement  of  colour.  Some  of  these 
one  learns  by  practice  to  separate  from  coquehertii  ?  (at  least  to  one's  own 
satisfaction!)  by  smaller  size,  more  extensive  pale  markings  on  head  and 
thorax,  a  certain  difference  of  tint  in  the  red  on  the  abdomen,  paler  coloration 
of  the  legs  (especially  the  hind  tibice),  &c.  But  the  best  advice  I  can  give  to 
collectors  who  wish  to  learn  the  "  points "  of  coquebertii  9  is  to  secure,  if 
possible,  a  series  of  specimens  that  have  been  taken  in  company  with  the 
umnistakeable  S  S  ,  f-nd  to  study  these  carefully  side  by  side  with  others  that 
they  have  reason  to  suspect  of  belonging  to  other  species.  Yet  I  do  not  believe 
that  much  real  progress  in  determining  the  true  specific  relations  of  such  closely 
similar  and  admittedly  most  variable  forms  is  likely  to  be  made,  till  much  more 
material  has  been  collected  than  is  at  present  available  to  show  what  males  and 
what  females  really  belong  together,  and  how  far  the  characters  on  which  our 
supposed  species  rest  are  really  constant  throughout  long  series  of  specimens 
bred  together  or  taken  abiindantly  at  the  same  time  or  under  the  same 
particular  circmnstances.  Till  this  has  been  done,  I  believe  that  it  is  a 
mere  beating  of  the  air  to  argue  whether  this  or  that  name  applied  by  this 
or  that  old  avithor  to  such  and  such  a  combination  of  colours  in  a  single 
sex  (for  i-eally  this  is  all  that  these  descriptions  amount  to)  be  the  older, 
and  therefore  the  one  to  be  adopted.  First  let  us  know  what  species  really 
exist  with  us,  and  then  we  may  consider  how  we  are  to  call  them.  I  do  not 
make  these  remarks  with  the  desire  of  awakening  discussion  of  a  thorny 
subject ;  but  to  explain  why,  since  King  positively  tells  us  that  the  insect 
which  he  called  "coquebertii"  was  a  S  with  the  exceptional  alar  neiiration 
above  referred  to,  and  since  the  ?  ?  found  with  such  S  S  cannot,  as  yet  at 
least,  be  shown  to  have  any  character  of  even  approximately  equal  value,  I 
should  continue  to  call  the  species  coquehertii,  Kkig,  even  if  I  thought  it 
probable  that  some  older  description  of  a  Tenthredopsis  9  ^^  the  works  of — 
say — Fabricius  or  Lepelletier  really  referred  to  it. 

3.  T.  excisa,  Thoms.  This  is  one  of  the  few  cases  where  both  sexes  of  a 
Tenthredopsis  can  be  identified  even  by  a  beginner  with  reasonable  certainty  by 
a  few  simple  and  obvious  characters.  1.  The  white  clypeus  is  very  distinctly 
emarginate  at  the  apex,  in  such  a  way  that  it  may  be  said  to  be  divided  into  a 
pair  of  rovmded  lobes.  (In  oui-  other  species,  so  far  as  I  know  them,  if  the 
clypeus  be  sinuated  inwards  at  all,  the  emargination  is  very  shallow  and 
extends  throughout  the  whole  length  of  its  apical  margin — there  is  no  appear- 
ance of  a  pair  of  lateral  lobe-like  projections).  2.  The  tegulte  are  cleai'-white, 
and  for  that  reason  very  conspicuous ;  nuich  more  so  than  in  most  species, 
where,  if  not  black,  they  are  usually  at  least  a  little  grey  or  brown  or  yellowish. 
It  is  rather  a  small  species.  The  ?  abdomen  is  coloured  in  all  my  specimens 
like  that  form  of  coquebertii  ?  in  which  there  is  a  black  line  bisecting  the  red 
dorsTun.  (In  excisa,  however,  the  red  is  somewhat  paler,  I  think,  than  in  coque- 
bertii). The  head  and  thorax  are  black,  but  adorned  copioiisly  with  white. 
The  (J  is  very  similar,  but  the  black  streak  on  the  red  part  of  the  abdomen  is 
sometimes  obsolete,  and  when  present  seems  less  sharply  defined  (  —  a  vague 
clouding,  not  a  distinct  line  or  row  of  spots !). 


236  [October, 

Mr.  Cameron  identifies  this  sp.  with  ornata,  Lep.,  with  whose  description  it 
certainly  seems  to  agree  pretty  closely,  and  if  he  be  right,  this  is  the  older 
name.  But  Konow,  thoixgh  aware  of  this  identification,  never  adopted  it,  why 
I  do  not  know  ;  so  provisionally  I  retain  the  name  he  gave  me.  It  certainly  is 
wliat  Thomson  called  excisa,  whatever  else  it  may  have  been  called. 

4.  T.  fjynanclromorpha,  Rvid.  This  is  a  rare  and  remarkable  species  which 
any  one  fortunate  enoiigh  to  find  it  should  recognize  without  difficulty.  I  never 
took  it  myself  in  this  country,  nor  indeed  anywhere  except  in  Greece  and  Corfu, 
but  it  is  vouched  for  by  Mr.  Cameron  as  occurring  in  Clydesdale.  This,  alone 
among  British  Tenthredopsis  spp.,  has  the  antennae  ringed  with  white  in  both 
sexes  ;  and  (n.b.)  the  mesopleurse  distinctly  and  even  strongly  punctured. 
The  ?  (but  not  the  ^  )  has  a  white  scutellum.  The  rest  of  the  thorax  and  the 
head  (including  the  clypeus  and  labrum)  are  usually — perhaps  always  ? — quite 
black  in  both  sexes  ;  at  any  rate  they  are  so  in  all  my  specimens.  The  red 
colovir  on  the  ?  abdomen  generally  extends  over  5  segments.  Otherwise  it  is 
not  iinlike  coquebertii  and  has  the  same  peculiarly  deep  shade  of  red.  The  legs 
arc  black  throughout,  while  in  coquebertii  the  tibise  are  normally  somewhat 
paler  than  the  femora  or  the  tarsi.  The  character  of  the  distinctly  punctured 
mesopleurae  occurs  in  several  foreign  Tenthredopsis  spp.  but  in  no  other,  I 
believe,  that  has  been  recorded,  xmless  obviously  in  error,  from  this  country. 
It  is  probably  one  of  more  real  importance,  than  the  white  on  the  antennae, 
though  the  latter  will  be  noticed  first  and  at  once  even  by  a  novice. 

Our  remaining  species  of  this  genus  I  must  postpone  to  another 
paper.  I  fear  I  shall  not  be  able  to  indicate  in  any  of  them  characters 
as  distinct  and  positive,  as  those  exhibited  by  the  species  diagnosed 
above.  In  fact  I  may  almost  say  of  my  own  ideas  about  them,  here 
certainty  ends,  and  doubts  begin  ! 

(To  be  continued). 


Parnus  miglicanus,  Edxv.,  at  Wicken. — Parnus  anglicanus  was  described  for 
the  first  time  in  this  Magazine  by  Mr.  Edwards  about  three  years  ago,  from 
specimens  found  at  Horning  in  Norfolk.  Last  year  Mr.  Pool  and  I,  together 
with  Mr.  F.  Muir,  visited  Horning,  my  principal  object  being  to  make  acquaint- 
ance with  this  species.  After  a  good  deal  of  search  we  located  the  ParniLs  in 
the  water  at  the  edges  of  one  of  the  large  ditches,  and  secvired  a  fair  series. 
The  spot  reminded  me  so  strongly  of  Wicken  that  I  felt  sui-e  the  species  must 
also  exist  there,  and  I  now  have  the  pleasure  of  reporting  that  a  fair  series  of  it 
has  been  procured  at  Wicken  by  that  most  successful  of  collectors, 
Mr.  C.  J.  C.  Pool.  The  Wicken  specimens  indicate  a  race  with  the  individuals 
fully  as  large  in  size  as  those  from  Horning. 

I  find  that  cei-tain  of  the  species  of  this  genus  possess  a  very  remarkable 
character  in  the  dimorphism  of  the  wings,  these  organs  being  more  or  less 
reduced   in   size  in  the   female  and  of  peculiar  shape.     Mr.  Pool  has  kindly 


1912.]  237 

furnished  me  with  both  sexes  from  "Wicken,  and  I  find  that  they  agree  in  this 
respect  with  the  Horning  exaiuples  of  P.  anglicanus. — D.  Sharp,  Brockenhurst : 
September  2nd,  1912. 

Note  on  the  variation  in  size  of  Criocepfialus  ferus,  Muls.  —  It  is  perhaps 
worth  while  to  record  the  variation  in  size  of  the  examples  of  this  species 
captured  dvxring  recent  years  in  Surrey,  viz.,  smallest  S  10,  largest  9  27  mm. 
This  is  a  miich  greater  variation  than  is  to  be  found,  I  believe,  amongst  the 
very  long  series  of  C.  rusticiis,  L.,  bred  or  captured  by  Dr.  Sharp  and  otliers  at 
Nethy  Bridge.  The  small  variety  of  the  former,  described  by  Dr.  Sharp  under 
the  name  hispanicus,  measures  S  14,  9  16  mm.  C.  ferus  has  again  been  met 
with  this  summer  on  the  burnt  pines  at  Woking,  on  July  20th,  21st,  and  27th, 
five  specimens  in  all,  one  of  which  was  being  carried  off  by  ants,  though  scarcely 
dead  ;  but  the  Melnnophila  has  not  put  in  an  appearance.  The  range  of  varia- 
tion in  C.  ferus  is,  of  course,  nothing  to  compare  with  that  recorded  for  some 
other  wood-feeding  Coleoptera,  such  as  Brenthus  anchorage,  L.,  smallest  g  10, 
largest  ?  .52  mm.  ;  Rhina  harhirostris,  Oliv.,  17 — 60  mm.,  both  sexes  in  this  case 
varying  greatly  in  size, &c. — G.  C.  Champion,  Horsell,  Woking:  Sep>t.  1th,  1912. 

Apion  annulipes,  Wenck.,  near  O.r/orcL— During  the  past  week  I  have  taken 
this  rare  and  distinct  Apion  in  some  small  numbers,  including  a  fair  proportion 
of  S  s,  by  persistently  sweeping  on  a  wayside  bank  near  Bletchington  Station, 
Oxon.  The  plants  growing  on  the  very  limited  area  where  the  beetle  occiu-s  are 
chiefly  red  clover  {Trifolium  pratense),  black  knapweed  {Centaurea  nigra)  and 
two  or  three  kinds  of  grass,  with  a  sprinkling  of  Ononis  arvensis,  milfoil,  wild 
parsnip,  &c.,  but  I  strongly  suspect  that  here,  at  any  rate,  it  is  attached  to  the 
first-named  plant,  on  which  Tychius  lineatulus,  Steph.,  also  occurs  rarely.  In  the 
sweeping-net  A.  annulipes  is  readily  distinguished  from  the  small  dark-legged 
species  of  the  genus  occurring  with  it  (filirostre,  ononis,  seniculum,  &c.)  by  its 
decidedly  sluggish  habits  and  the  large  development  of  the  femora,  which,  in 
the  t?  especially,  would  almost  seem  to  suggest  the  possession  of  saltatorial 
powers.  It  has  occurred  singly  in  the  Oxford  district  on  two  previovis  occasions, 
to  Prof.  T.  Hudson  Beare  at  Shotover,  Oxon,  and  to  Mr.  J.  Collins  near  Tubney. 
The  allied  A.  flavimanum,  GylL,  has  not  as  yet  been  met  with  at  Oxford,  its 
food-plant.  Origanum  vulgare,  on  which  A.  annulipes  has  also  been  taken  (c/. 
Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  vol.  xli,  p.  20),  being  decidedly  scarce  and  local  in  the  district. — 
James  J.  Walker,  Oxford:  September  17th,  1912. 

Limenitis  {sibylla)  Camilla  in  the  London  district. — On  July  15th,  when 
walking  with  a  non-entomological  friend  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Barnes 
Common,  I  caught  sight  of  what  I  took  to  be  a  Neptis  gliding  about  the 
bushes.  Dovibting  the  evidence  of  my  eyesight,  I  approached  the  spot,  and 
presently  saw  a  "  White  Admiral  "  settle  in  front  of  me.  It  did  not  linger 
long,  but  was  quite  unmistakeable.  The  specimen  was  in  fair  condition  thoiigh 
somewhat  faded.     How  did  it  get  there  ?     I  suspect  some  hmnan  agent. 

The  second  brood  of  Cyaniris  argiolus  was  imusiially  common  in  the  Putney 
district  at  the  end  of  July  and  beginning  of  August. 


OQQ  [October, 

My  friend  Prof.  Sehvyn  Image  sends  me  the  following  extracts  from  the 

works  of  early  English  entomologists  referring  to  (sibylla)  Camilla  near  London  : 

"  1.     John  Eay,  Hist.  Insect,  1710. — '  Papilio  mediae  magnitiidinis  elegan- 

tissima,  alis  supinis  nigris  cum  area  transversa  alba,  pronis  variis 

coloribus  depictis. 
In  Essexia  non  procixl  a  Tolesbnry  oppido  a  D.  Morton  capta,  et  ad  nos 

delata  est  Jiilii  11,  1695.' 

2.  W.  Lewin,  Pap.,  pi.  8,  1795. — '  This  insect  appears  on  the  wing  about 

the  24th  of  June,  and  is  not  uncommon.  .  .  It  is  very  extraor- 
dinary, that,  though  this  fly  is  an  inhabitant  of  almost  every  patch 
of  wood  in  England,  neither  the  greatest  pains  taken,  nor  accident, 
have  yet  discovered  the  caterpillar     .     .     .' 

3.  J.    Curtis,    Brit.    Ent.,    1826. — '  Formerly   tolerably   abundant    in    the 

neighbourhood  of  London  during  the  months  of  June  and  July. 
Mr.  Samouelle  has  seen  it  in  Bedstile  Wood,  near  Finchley,  and 
at  Birch  Wood,  in  Kent,  and  we  have  heard  of  its  being  taken 
not  unfreqiiently  at  Coombe  Wood.' 

4.  J.  F.  Stephens,  Illustr.,  1827. — '     .     .     frequently  taken  the  insect  at 

Coombe  Wood,  in  JiUy,  previously  to  the  year  1813,  since  which 
period  I  have  not  seen  it  alive.  .  .  It  was  formerly  very  abundant 
in  Betstile  Wood,  near  Finchley,  and  at  Birch  Wood,  Kent ;  but 
has  not  been  captured  at  either  place  for  many  years.'  '  Lordship 
Lane,  Camberwell,  formerly  in  plenty.  Mr.  Witherington.' 
0.  Edward  Doixbleday. — '  Par